CN108558700A - A kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols - Google Patents
A kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols Download PDFInfo
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- CN108558700A CN108558700A CN201810586416.4A CN201810586416A CN108558700A CN 108558700 A CN108558700 A CN 108558700A CN 201810586416 A CN201810586416 A CN 201810586416A CN 108558700 A CN108558700 A CN 108558700A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
- C07C29/147—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
- C07C29/149—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/18—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by conversion of a group containing nitrogen into an ester group
- C07C67/22—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by conversion of a group containing nitrogen into an ester group from nitriles
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of organic synthesis, and in particular to a kind of synthetic method of 1,2 pentanediols includes the following steps:(1) raw material n-butanal is taken, hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH, by 2 hydroxyvaleronitriles are obtained by the reaction;(2) 2 hydroxyvaleronitriles in step (1) are taken, alcohols solvent is added to stir and evenly mix, water is added to stir and evenly mix, it is passed through hydrogen chloride gas, a period of time is reacted under the conditions of 5 DEG C below, the reaction was continued for heating, and product after reaction obtains 2 hydroxypentanoic acid esters compounds after neutralization reaction, centrifugation, distillation;(3) 2 hydroxypentanoic acid esters compound in step (2) is taken, obtains 1,2 pentanediols by hydrogenation reaction under the effect of the catalyst.Using the synthetic method of the present invention, the yield of 1,2 pentanediols is improved, production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of organic synthesis, and in particular to the synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols.
Background technology
1,2- pentanediol is the intermediate of a kind of Medicine, pesticide, has extensive use in fields such as medicine, pesticides
On the way, main application and some medical pesticides and its production process of downstream product, as Medicine and the raw material of pesticide.
The synthesis of 1,2- pentanediols is to put into n-pentene by a certain percentage with formic acid, hydrogen peroxide to react both at home and abroad at present
Kettle synthesizes 1,2- pentanediols under certain reaction condition, and using refined purification finished product, such method is of high cost, instead
It should be difficult to control, yield is low, and impurity is high, and separation is difficult and safety and environmental protection pressure is big.Therefore in view of the above-mentioned problems, establishing one kind
Novel synthesis prepares 1,2- pentanediols.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be:In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, providing the synthesis side of one kind 1,2- pentanediols
Method, which reacts easy to control, high income, while also reducing production cost.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme is that:
The synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols, the synthetic method include the following steps:
(1) raw material n-butanal is taken, hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH, by 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles are obtained by the reaction;
(2) 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles in step (1) are taken, alcohols solvent is added and stirs and evenly mixs, adds water and stirs and evenly mixs, be passed through chlorine
Change hydrogen, reacted under the conditions of 5 DEG C below a period of time, the reaction was continued for heating, and product after reaction is by neutralizing
Reaction centrifuges, obtains 2- hydroxypentanoic acid esters compounds after distillation;
(3) 2- hydroxypentanoic acids esters compound in step (2) is taken, obtains 1 by hydrogenation reaction under the effect of the catalyst,
2- pentanediols.
As an improvement technical solution, the reaction temperature of step (1) material is 0~5 DEG C, and pH is 7~8.
As an improvement technical solution, when material reaction in step (2) first reacts 3~6h, heating at -1~5 DEG C
It reacts and terminates after 6~8h reactions to 60~72 DEG C.
As an improvement technical solution, the molar ratio of 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles and alcohols solvent is 1 in step (2):5~
10。
As an improvement technical solution, alcohols solvent is methanol or ethyl alcohol in step (2).
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the intake of hydrogen chloride gas is 1~3mol in step (2).
As an improvement technical solution, the reaction temperature of material is 180~230 DEG C in step (3), the pressure of hydrogen
For 18~22Mpa.
As an improvement technical solution, the catalyst in step (3) is the mixture of copper oxide and nickel oxide, and institute
The mass ratio for stating copper oxide and nickel oxide is 3~5:1~4.
As an improvement technical solution, the mass ratio of catalyst and 2- hydroxypentanoic acid esters compounds in step (3)
It is 0.1~0.5:1.
The present invention is had the following advantages compared with prior art using above technical scheme:
(1) present invention obtains 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles with hydrogen cyanide using n-butanal as raw material by addition reaction, then by 2- hydroxyls
Valeronitrile first passes through reacting for low-temp reaction stage (- 1~5 DEG C) with methanol, hydrogen chloride gas, using the pyroreaction stage (60
~72 DEG C) reaction, the reaction by two different temperatures sections can be such that 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles are fully reacted with methanol, substantially increase
The yield of 2- hydroxyl methyls;Again by the 2- hydroxyl methyls of gained, in hydrogenation catalyst (copper oxide and nickel oxide)
Under effect, the dosage of hydrogenation catalyst and the ratio of copper oxide and nickel oxide are controlled, reaction temperature is maintained into 180-230
DEG C, the pressure of hydrogen maintains 18~22Mpa, contributes to the progress of hydrogenation reaction under this process condition, substantially increases 1,
The yield of 2- pentanediols.
(2) it is calculated according to 1, the 2- pentanediols of 1 ton of production, cost of material expense is 4 when using existing production technology
Ten thousand, water power labour cost is 3000 yuan, yield 65-70%, and present invention process cost of material expense is 2.8 ten thousand, artificial charges for water and electricity
With being 1000 yuan, the total recovery of 1,2- pentanediol is 84.5% or more, and the total recovery of 1,2- pentanediol may be up to 92.9%.
By comparison can obtain, production technology of the invention greatly reduces production cost, and improves 1,2- pentanediols it is total
Yield.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, the present invention is carried out further detailed
Explanation.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols, includes the following steps:
(1) raw material 108g (1.5mol) n-butanal is taken, 1.02mol hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH to 7, under the conditions of 0 DEG C
By the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 144g, yield 97% is obtained by the reaction;
(2) the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 99g (1mol) in step (1) are taken, 160g (5mol) methanol is added and stirs and evenly mixs, adds
18g water stirs and evenly mixs, then is passed through 1mol hydrogen chloride gas, and 3h is reacted at -1 DEG C, then is warming up to 60 DEG C and is reacted by 6h, reaction knot
It is anti-by neutralizing that alkali (liquefied ammonia) is added in the product mixture of ammonium chloride, 2- hydroxyl methyls (hydrochloric acid methanol) obtained after beam
Answer, centrifuge after (except desalting), using distillation (70-90 degree, remove methanol), obtain the 2- hydroxyl methyls of 116g,
Its yield is 88%;
(3) 2- hydroxyl methyls enter hydrogenation reaction tower in step (2), according to mass ratio 1:0.1 ratio will add hydrogen
(mass ratio of copper oxide and nickel oxide is 3 to catalyst:1) it is filled in hydrogenation reaction tower, the temperature of maintenance hydrogenation reaction tower is
180 DEG C, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure maintains 18Mpa, and the product after hydrogen will be added using vacuum distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature 150-200 degree, vacuum
Degree -0.098Mpa) distillation, obtain 1, the 2- pentanediols of 90.48g, yield 99%.
Embodiment 2
The synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols, includes the following steps:
(1) raw material 1.5mol n-butanals are taken, 1.03mol hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH to 7.3, passes through under the conditions of 1 DEG C
The 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 144.5g, yield 97.5% is obtained by the reaction;
(2) the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 99g (1mol) in step (1) are taken, 6mol methanol is added and stirs and evenly mixs, adds 18.5g
Water stirs and evenly mixs, then is passed through 1.5mol hydrogen chloride gas, and 3.5h is reacted at 1-2 DEG C, then is warming up to 63 DEG C and is reacted by 6.5h, instead
The product mixture of ammonium chloride, 2- hydroxyl methyls (hydrochloric acid methanol) obtained after answering is added during alkali (liquefied ammonia) passes through
With reaction, centrifuge (except desalting), using distillation (70-90 degree, remove methanol), obtain the 2- hydroxypentanoic acid first of 118g
Ester, yield 89.5%;
(3) 2- hydroxyl methyls enter hydrogenation reaction tower in step (2), according to mass ratio 1:0.2 ratio will add hydrogen
(mass ratio of copper oxide and nickel oxide is 3 to catalyst:2) it is filled in hydrogenation reaction tower, the temperature of maintenance hydrogenation reaction tower is
185 DEG C, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure maintains 19Mpa, and the product after hydrogen will be added using vacuum distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature 150-200 degree, vacuum
Degree -0.098Mpa) distillation, obtain 1, the 2- pentanediols of 92g, yield 99.05%.
Embodiment 3
The synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols, includes the following steps:
(1) raw material 1.5mol n-butanals are taken, 1.04mol hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH to 7.5, passes through under the conditions of 2 DEG C
The 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 145g, yield 98.5% is obtained by the reaction;
(2) the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 99g (1mol) in step (1) are taken, 7mol ethyl alcohol is added, stirs and evenly mixs, add 19g
Water stirs and evenly mixs, then is passed through 2mol hydrogen chloride gas, and 4h is reacted at 3 DEG C, then is warming up to 65 DEG C and is reacted by 7h, and reaction terminates
The product mixture of ammonium chloride, 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters (acidic alcohol) obtained afterwards be added alkali (liquefied ammonia) by neutralization reaction,
It centrifuges (except desalting), using distillation (70-90 degree removes ethyl alcohol), obtains the 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters of 120g, yield
It is 91%;
(3) 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters enter hydrogenation reaction tower in step (2), according to mass ratio 1:0.3 ratio will add hydrogen
(mass ratio of copper oxide and nickel oxide is 4 to catalyst:3) it is filled in hydrogenation reaction tower, the temperature of maintenance hydrogenation reaction tower is
190 DEG C, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure maintains 20Mpa, and the product after hydrogen will be added using vacuum distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature 150-200 degree, vacuum
Degree -0.098Mpa) distillation, obtain 1, the 2- pentanediols of 93.6g, yield 99.1%.
Embodiment 4
The synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols, includes the following steps:
(1) raw material 1.5mol n-butanals are taken, 1.05mol hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH to 7.8, are passing through reaction for 3 DEG C
Obtain the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 146g, yield 99%;
(2) the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 99g (1mol) in step (1) are taken, 8mol methanol is added, stirs and evenly mixs, add 20g
Water stirs and evenly mixs, then is passed through 2.5mol hydrogen chloride gas, and 5h is reacted at 4 DEG C, is warming up to 68 DEG C and is reacted by 7h, reaction terminates
The product mixture of ammonium chloride, 2- hydroxyl methyls (hydrochloric acid methanol) obtained afterwards be added alkali (liquefied ammonia) by neutralization reaction,
It centrifuges (except desalting), using distillation (70-90 degree removes methanol), obtains the 2- hydroxyl methyls of 122g, yield
It is 92.4%;
(3) 2- hydroxyl methyls enter hydrogenation reaction tower in step (2), according to mass ratio 1:0.4 ratio will add hydrogen
(mass ratio of copper oxide and nickel oxide is 5 to catalyst:4) it is filled in hydrogenation reaction tower, the temperature of maintenance hydrogenation reaction tower is
230 DEG C, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure maintains 22Mpa, and the product after hydrogen will be added using vacuum distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature 150-200 degree, vacuum
Degree -0.098Mpa) distillation, obtain 1, the 2- pentanediols of 95g, yield 99.15%.
Embodiment 5
The synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols, includes the following steps:
(1) raw material 1.5mol n-butanals are taken, 1.05mol hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH to 8, by anti-under the conditions of 5 DEG C
It should obtain the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 146g, yield 99%;
(2) the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 99g (1mol) in step (1) are taken, 10mol ethyl alcohol is added, stirs and evenly mixs, add 21g
Water stirs and evenly mixs, then is passed through 3mol hydrogen chloride gas, and 6h is reacted at 5 DEG C, is warming up to 72 DEG C and is reacted by 8h, after reaction
The obtained product mixture of ammonium chloride, 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters (acidic alcohol) be added alkali by neutralization reaction, centrifuge
(except desalting), using distillation (70-90 degree removes ethyl alcohol), the 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters of 125g are obtained, yield is
94.6%;
(3) 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters enter hydrogenation reaction tower in step (2), according to mass ratio 1:0.5 ratio will add hydrogen
(mass ratio of copper oxide and nickel oxide is 5 to catalyst:3) it is filled in hydrogenation reaction tower, the temperature of maintenance hydrogenation reaction tower is
215 DEG C, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure maintains 21Mpa, and the product after hydrogen will be added using vacuum distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature 150-200 degree, vacuum
Degree -0.098Mpa) distillation, obtain 1, the 2- pentanediols of 97.5g, yield 99.2%.
Embodiment 6
The synthetic method of one kind 1,2- pentanediols, includes the following steps:
(1) raw material 1.5mol n-butanals are taken, 1.05mol hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH to 8, by anti-under the conditions of 5 DEG C
It should obtain the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 146g, yield 99%;
(2) the 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles of 99g (1mol) in step (1) are taken, 10mol acidic alcohols (hydrochloric acid methanol), stirring is added
Mixing reacts 6h at 3 DEG C, is warming up to 70 DEG C and is reacted by 8h, product (acidic alcohol, ammonium chloride, the 2- obtained after reaction
The mixture of hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl ester) be added alkali (liquefied ammonia) by neutralization reaction, centrifuge (except desalting), using distillation (70-
90 degree, remove ethyl alcohol), obtain the 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters of 124g, yield 94.5%;
(3) 2- hydroxypentanoic acid ethyl esters enter hydrogenation reaction tower in step (2), according to mass ratio 1:0.5 ratio will add hydrogen
(mass ratio of copper oxide and nickel oxide is 5 to catalyst:4) it is filled in hydrogenation reaction tower, the temperature of maintenance hydrogenation reaction tower is
210 DEG C, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure maintains 22Mpa, and the product after hydrogen will be added using vacuum distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature 150-200 degree, vacuum
Degree -0.098Mpa) distillation, obtain (97.5g) 1,2- pentanediols, yield 99.1%.
This patent is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, those skilled in the art from above-mentioned design,
Without performing creative labour, made various transformation are all fallen within the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (9)
1. one kind 1, the synthetic method of 2- pentanediols, it is characterised in that the synthetic method includes the following steps:
(1) raw material n-butanal is taken, hydrogen cyanide is added after adjusting pH, by 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles are obtained by the reaction;
(2) 2- hydroxyvaleronitriles in step (1) are taken, alcohols solvent is added and stirs and evenly mixs, adds water and stirs and evenly mixs, be passed through hydrogen chloride
Gas reacts a period of time under the conditions of 5 DEG C are below, and the reaction was continued for heating, product after reaction by neutralization reaction,
It centrifuges, obtain 2- hydroxypentanoic acid esters compounds after distillation;
(3) 2- hydroxypentanoic acids esters compound in step (2) is taken, obtains 1,2- penta by hydrogenation reaction under the effect of the catalyst
Glycol.
2. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step (1) material it is anti-
It is 0~5 DEG C to answer temperature, and pH is 7~8.
3. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Material in step (2)
3~6h is first reacted when reaction at -1~5 DEG C, reacts and terminates after being warming up to 60~72 DEG C of 6~8h of reaction.
4. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:2- hydroxyls in step (2)
The molar ratio of valeronitrile and alcohols solvent is 1:5~10.
5. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that:Alcohols in step (2)
Solvent is methanol or ethyl alcohol.
6. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that:Chlorination in step (2)
The intake of hydrogen is 1~3mol.
7. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Material in step (3)
Reaction temperature is 180~230 DEG C, and the pressure of hydrogen is 18~22Mpa.
8. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Catalysis in step (3)
Agent is the mixture of copper oxide and nickel oxide, and the mass ratio of the copper oxide and nickel oxide is 3~5:1~4.
9. a kind of synthetic method of 1,2- pentanediols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Catalyst in step (3)
Mass ratio with 2- hydroxypentanoic acid esters compounds is 0.1~0.5:1.
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CN110845362A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-28 | 安徽泰格生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hydroxypivaonitrile |
CN112745220A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-04 | 张善荣 | Method for industrially synthesizing 2-hydroxy methyl valerate by using acrylonitrile byproduct hydrocyanic acid |
CN113896643A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-07 | 上海昶法新材料有限公司 | Process for producing L-norvaline |
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CN113896643A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-07 | 上海昶法新材料有限公司 | Process for producing L-norvaline |
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