CN108557933A - 一种水电联产综合系统 - Google Patents

一种水电联产综合系统 Download PDF

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CN108557933A
CN108557933A CN201810223731.0A CN201810223731A CN108557933A CN 108557933 A CN108557933 A CN 108557933A CN 201810223731 A CN201810223731 A CN 201810223731A CN 108557933 A CN108557933 A CN 108557933A
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water
solar
integrated system
electricity cogeneration
heat collector
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张泉
李翔宇
田源
朱永强
夏瑞华
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/043—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/003—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/005—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/083—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar ponds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Abstract

一种水电联产综合系统，由太阳池、闪蒸器、太阳能加热装置、储气罐、汽轮机、发电机、冷凝器、淡水管道组成。该系统设置在海洋岸边，吸水泵将海水抽入太阳池加热，加热后的海水经过过滤器，进入闪蒸器形成蒸汽，利用太阳能集热装置将蒸汽进一步加热，产生的高温高压气体推动汽轮机、发电机发出电能；做功后的低温低压蒸汽经过冷凝器液化为淡水，经过后续处理可以作为淡水使用。本发明所述的水电联产综合系统在运作的过程中充分利用太阳能的热效应，并采用一种带有雾化喷头的提升管作为闪蒸系统，同时产生了电能和淡水，实现了能源的高效利用，具有原料易取、耗能少、成本低、效率高、对环境无污染等优点。

Description

一种水电联产综合系统
技术领域
本发明涉及海洋能源利用领域，特别涉及一种水电联产综合系统。
背景技术
海洋能作为一种清洁、无污染的可再生能源，其开发利用被视为节能减排的重要方式。海水淡化是解决水资源短缺的一种重要方式，具有水资源丰富并且占地少、无污染等优点。太阳能发电作为一种清洁发电方式，具有来源广、无污染的优点。
本系统所需原料为天然海水，动力为太阳能，采取新设计，产物无污染，最大化避免负功率输出，相比一些其他的海洋发电和海水淡化工程来说，提高了效率，降低了成本。
发明内容
针对现有海水淡化和海水发电装置效率较低的缺陷，本发明提供一种水电联产综合系统。该系统所需原料为天然海水，动力为太阳能，采取新设计，可以同时产生电能和淡水。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：所述水电联产综合系统由太阳池、闪蒸器、太阳能加热装置、储气罐、汽轮机、发电机、冷凝器组成；所述太阳池由吸水泵、进水管道、吸热涂层和水泵组成；所述闪蒸器由阀门、过滤器、雾滴发生装置和真空泵组成；所述太阳能加热装置由弧形集热板、集热器组成。
所述太阳池为一圆台形水池，太阳池底部涂有吸热涂层，太阳池通过管道与吸水泵相连。
所述雾滴发生装置内部有雾化喷头，真空泵位于闪蒸器的上方。
所述集热器位于弧形集热板的焦点位置，弧形集热板由可以跟随太阳方向的定日镜群组成。
所述冷凝管放置在海水中，冷凝管通过水泵、阀门通过淡水管道与淡水池相连。
本发明的有益效果是，综合利用海水和太阳辐射，即可以发电又可以产生淡水，既充分开发了丰富的海洋资源，又发挥了太阳能这种新能源的优势。以太阳能为热源作为海水淡化的动力，蒸馏海水产生的高温蒸汽在驱动汽轮机发电后才被冷凝获得淡水，这是一种不同于将电厂的电力作为淡化系统动力的新型水电联产装置。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的整体结构示意图。
图2是本发明的太阳池结构图。
图3是本发明的闪蒸器结构图。
上述附图中：1-1.吸水泵，1-2.进水管道，1-3.吸热涂层，1-4.水泵，2-1.阀门，2-2.过滤器，2-3.雾滴发生装置，2-4.真空泵，3-1.弧形集热板，3-2.集热器，4-1.储气罐，4-2.阀门，5.汽轮机，6.发电机，7.冷凝管，7-1.水泵，7-2.阀门，7-3.排水管道。
具体实施方式
如图1、图2、图3所示，所述水电联产综合系统由太阳池1、闪蒸器2、太阳能加热装置3、储气罐4、汽轮机5、发电机6、冷凝器7组成；所述太阳池由吸水泵1-1、进水管道1-2、吸热涂层1-3和水泵1-4组成；所述闪蒸器2由阀门2-1、过滤器2-2、雾滴发生装置2-3和真空泵2-4组成；所述太阳能加热装置3由弧形集热板3-1、集热器3-2组成。
所述吸水泵1-1放置在近海浅水处，所述太阳池为一圆台形水池，太阳池底部涂有吸热涂层1-3，太阳池通过管道与吸水泵1-4相连。
所述雾滴发生装置2-3内部有雾化喷头，真空泵2-4位于闪蒸器2的上方；所述集热器3-2位于弧形集热板3-1的焦点位置，弧形集热板3-1由可以跟随太阳方向的定日镜群组成；所述冷凝管7设置在海水中，通过水泵7-1、阀门7-2和淡水管道7-3与淡水池相连。
工作原理：本系统设置在近海的岸边。系统工作时，由吸水泵1-1将海水抽入太阳池1中，吸热涂层1-3吸热，进而将海水加热；然后水泵1-4将加热后的海水抽入过滤器2-2中，在过滤器中除去地表海水中存在的颗粒泥砂、胶体、微生物等杂质；过滤后的海水进入闪蒸器2中，用真空泵2-4将闪蒸器中的气体抽出使闪蒸器接近真空的状态，海水通过闪蒸器进口处的雾化发生器2-3被雾化成小液滴，液滴在闪蒸器2提升管内的低压环境中发生闪蒸形成水蒸汽，提升管底部和顶部形成的压差将带动水蒸汽上升，进入太阳能加热装置3中。利用独立跟踪太阳的弧形集热板3-1，将阳光聚集到集热器3-2上，用以产生高温，将从闪蒸器2中流出的蒸汽进一步加热成高温蒸汽；高温蒸汽流经储气罐4，再由管道引入汽轮机5推动其转动，汽轮机带动发电机6产生电能。从汽轮机5流出的蒸汽进入冷凝管7，冷凝管7被回置于太阳池，蒸汽的高温与池内的水温形成较大温度差，高温蒸汽在管中迅速液化。由于稳定的蒸汽流入冷凝管7液化，在管内便会形成一股稳定的吸力，作为蒸汽流过轮机的以及系统连续循环的附加动力；冷凝后的淡水经淡水管道7-3流入淡水池中。
最后，以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明，而并非对本发明的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴，本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。

Claims (5)

1.一种水电联产综合系统，其特征在于：所述水电联产综合系统由太阳池（1）、闪蒸器（2）、太阳能加热装置（3）、储气罐（4）、汽轮机（5）、发电机（6）、冷凝器（7）组成；所述太阳池由吸水泵（1-1）、进水管道（1-2）、吸热涂层（1-3）和水泵（1-4）组成；所述闪蒸器（2）由阀门（2-1）、过滤器（2-2）、雾滴发生装置（2-3）和真空泵（2-4）组成；所述太阳能加热装置（3）由弧形集热板（3-1）、集热器（3-2）组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水电联产综合系统，其特征在于：所述太阳池为一圆台形水池，太阳池底部涂有吸热涂层（1-3），太阳池通过管道与吸水泵（1-4）相连。
3.根据权利要求1所述的水电联产综合系统，其特征在于：所述雾滴发生装置（2-3）内部有雾化喷头，真空泵（2-4）位于闪蒸器（2）的上部。
4.根据权利要求1所述的水电联产综合系统，其特征在于：所述集热器（3-2）位于弧形集热板（3-1）的焦点位置，弧形集热板（3-1）由可以跟随太阳方向的定日镜群组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的水电联产综合系统，其特征在于：所述冷凝管（7）放在海水中，冷凝管通过水泵（7-1）、阀门（7-2）和淡水管道（7-3）与淡水池相连。
CN201810223731.0A 2018-03-19 2018-03-19 一种水电联产综合系统 Pending CN108557933A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110878739A (zh) * 2019-12-14 2020-03-13 燕山大学 一种盐梯度太阳池发电装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202924780U (zh) * 2012-12-13 2013-05-08 华北电力大学 一种海水淡化及发电综合利用装置
WO2014013093A9 (es) * 2012-07-18 2014-04-17 Alonso Meseguer Javier Desaladora cogeneradora de electricidad por medios hidrotérmicos

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014013093A9 (es) * 2012-07-18 2014-04-17 Alonso Meseguer Javier Desaladora cogeneradora de electricidad por medios hidrotérmicos
CN202924780U (zh) * 2012-12-13 2013-05-08 华北电力大学 一种海水淡化及发电综合利用装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110878739A (zh) * 2019-12-14 2020-03-13 燕山大学 一种盐梯度太阳池发电装置
CN110878739B (zh) * 2019-12-14 2022-05-20 燕山大学 一种盐梯度太阳池发电装置

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