CN108554445B - A kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, its preparation and application - Google Patents

A kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, its preparation and application Download PDF

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CN108554445B
CN108554445B CN201810277389.2A CN201810277389A CN108554445B CN 108554445 B CN108554445 B CN 108554445B CN 201810277389 A CN201810277389 A CN 201810277389A CN 108554445 B CN108554445 B CN 108554445B
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CN108554445A (en
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张延荣
熊志伟
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/16Reducing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
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    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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    • C02F1/722Oxidation by peroxides
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    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2305/02Specific form of oxidant
    • C02F2305/026Fenton's reagent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract

The invention belongs to field of photocatalytic material, more particularly, to a kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, its preparation and application.By using the method for compound PMDA to g-C3N4It is modified, changes its band gap width and position, to increase its response range to visible light, and by changing its valence band and conduction band positions, oxygen in water can be restored and produce hydrogen peroxide.Fe is carried on catalyst, makes full use of the hydrogen peroxide building that original position efficient selective generates in photocatalytic process from Fenton-like system, is applied to contaminant degradation.The reducing agent of iron is added in system, to improve Fenton efficiency, promotes effective degradation of pollutant.

Description

A kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, its preparation and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of photocatalytic material, more particularly, to a kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, its preparation and application.
Background technique
β-C is theoretically proposed from the Liu and Cohen of University of California in 19893N4Since covalent crystal, be carbonized nitrification Extensive concern of the object in photocatalysis field by scientists from all over the world.1996, Teter and Hemley passed through calculating and think C3N4It can Can have 5 kinds of structures, i.e. α phase, β phase, cubic phase, quasi- cubic phase and class graphite-phase, wherein graphite-phase C3N4It is C under room temperature3N4 In most stable of phase.Nitrogen carbide material non-toxic at the same time, have it is visible light-responded, and prepare it is simple, cheap, without golden Belong to, is therefore widely used in photocatalysis.
But g-C3N4(graphite-phase nitrogen carbide) has some defects in itself, leads as photo-generate electron-hole recombination rate is high The problems such as photo-quantum efficiency of cause is low, and photohole mobility is low.In addition, g-C3N4Although having good visible light-responded property (band gap 2.7eV), but valence band is located at+1.4V (vs. Ag/AgCl, pH=6.6), and oxidability is low, it is difficult to aoxidize water, limit Its application.
Yasuhiro Shiraishi in 2014 etc. is by by g-C3N4With PMDA is compound obtains composite photo-catalyst g- C3N4/ PDI, changes g-C3N4Band gap width and position assign catalyst to increase its response range to visible light Photochemical catalytic oxidation water, and reduction oxygen in water produce the ability of hydrogen peroxide.With going deep into for research, the amount of hydrogen peroxide is produced not It is disconnected to increase, and the research in situ for utilizing hydrogen peroxide does not have been reported that also at present.On the other hand, Fenton's reaction is a kind of critically important Depth environmental treatment technology, hydrogen peroxide are one of the most important raw materials for constituting Fenton-like system, are generated in situ using photocatalysis Hydrogen peroxide constructs Fenton-like system, and not only all tool has very important significance in theoretical research or practical application.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of visible-light response type catalyst g- C3N4/ PDI/Fe, its preparation and application, its object is to by using the method for compound PMDA to g-C3N4It is modified, changes Become its band gap width and position, to increase its response range to visible light, and by changing its valence band and conduction band positions, makes It can restore oxygen in water and produce hydrogen peroxide.Utilize g-C3N4The hydrogen peroxide that base catalyst generates in situ, Fe is loaded to and is urged Degradation of the building from Fenton-like system, for pollutant in agent.The reducing agent of iron is added in system, to improve Fenton efficiency, Promote effective degradation of pollutant.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of visible-light response type catalyst g- is provided C3N4/ PDI/Fe includes Fe-O key in the catalyst molecule structure, and infrared spectroscopy is in 463cm-1Position there is Fe-O The peak of key;It passes through first by g-C3N4With the compound rear acquisition g-C of PMDA3N4/ PDI intermediate product, then by g-C3N4/ PDI is into one Compound ferric iron is walked, iron atom is made to replace the g-C3N4Hydrogen in/PDI intermediate product forms Fe-O key.Here PDI is equal benzene Tetramethyl pyromellitic imide.
Preferably, the band gap width of the catalyst is 2.4eV~2.8eV, can absorbing wavelength be directly 440nm's Visible light, and the visible light of entire visible light region can be absorbed indirectly.
Other side according to the invention provides the visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe's Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) by substance A at 400 DEG C~500 DEG C, 3~5 hours are fired under inert atmosphere conditions, obtain presoma g- C3N4;The substance A can generate the g-C of three s-triazine structures after 400 DEG C~500 DEG C polymerizations3N4
(2) by the resulting presoma g-C of step (1)3N4With PMDA according to mass ratio 1:(1~4) mix, 300 DEG C~ 400 DEG C, 3~5 hours are fired under inert atmosphere conditions, drying obtains g-C after washing3N4/PDI;
(3) g-C for obtaining step (2)3N4/ PDI is mixed with lye, stirring, and it is at lye that solid phase is obtained after separation of solid and liquid The g-C managed3N4/PDI;The lye be sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate liquor or solution of potassium carbonate, it is excellent It is selected as sodium hydroxide solution;
(4) g-C for the base extraction for obtaining step (3)3N4/ PDI and ferric salt solution, preferably FeCl3Solution is mixed It closes, stirring, after filtering drying, obtains the visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/PDI/Fe。
Preferably, step (1) substance A is melamine or urea.
Preferably, step (3) lye is sodium hydroxide solution.
Preferably, Fe element and g-C in step (4) described trivalent iron salt3N4The mass ratio of/PDI is (0.4~2): 100.
Preferably, Fe element and g-C in step (4) described trivalent iron salt3N4The mass ratio of/PDI is 0.7:100.
Preferably, step (4) mixing time is 12~50h.
Preferably, step (4) mixing time is 40h.
Other side according to the invention provides visible-light response type catalyst g-C described in one kind3N4/PDI/ The degradation of organic pollutant is realized in the application of Fe applied to building from Fenton-like system.
Preferably, by the catalyst g-C when application3N4The treated waste containing organic pollutant is added in/PDI/Fe In, reducing agent is added, adjusts pH to 2~5.
Preferably, pH to 4 is adjusted.
Preferably, the reducing agent is oxalic acid, citric acid or nitrilotriacetic acid.
Preferably, the reducing agent is nitrilotriacetic acid.
Preferably, the treated waste containing organic matter is organic wastewater, and the catalyst is in organic wastewater Concentration is 0.5g/L~2g/L;The mass ratio of organic matter in the catalyst and the organic wastewater is 100:1;The reduction The concentration of agent is 0.1~0.5mM.
Preferably, concentration of the catalyst in organic wastewater is 1g/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the reducing agent is 0.4mM.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show Beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention provides a kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, by g-C3N4Basis Upper compound PMDA and ferric ion, obtaining one kind can make full use of the system to generate by constructing from Fenton-like system Hydrogen peroxide realizes the visible light catalyst of organic pollutant degradation.
(2) it the present invention provides the method for easy load Fe a kind of, is handled by using NaOH solution, takes sodium ion For the hydrogen on catalyst, then will be mixed by the modified catalyst of sodium ion and ferric salt solution, make iron ion and Exchange and in air bonding under the action of oxygen occur for sodium ion, and ferric iron is successfully finally carried on g-C3N4On/PDI, Compared to the cost that the mode of loading such as calcining save preparation.
(3) visible-light response type catalyst g-C of the invention3N4/ PDI/Fe is applied to building and degrades from Fenton-like system When organic pollutant, the iron being carried on catalyst is to degradation process while generating inhibition and promoting both sides effect.One side Face competes electronics with oxygen in water on catalyst conduction band due to ferric compound, and dissolved oxygen is caused to form super oxygen certainly The process that hydrogen peroxide is then formed by base is hindered, and influences the effect of degradation of contaminant;On the other hand, after load iron, Catalyst for visible light influx and translocation, and the recombination rate in light induced electron and hole reduce, promote light-catalysed efficiency with And the generation of hydrogen peroxide, facilitation effect is generated to degradation process.
(4) most of Fenton-like system degradation of contaminant is required to additionally add hydrogen peroxide at present, and the present invention is by by Fe It is supported on g-C3N4/ PDI is upper to realize for g-C3N4The a large amount of hydrogen peroxide generated in/PDI catalyst photocatalytic process Make full use of, build from Fenton-like system and for degradation of contaminant;But due to g-C3N4The design feature of/PDI/Fe, makes Obtain it has inhibition and engagement each other for the generation of hydrogen peroxide simultaneously, and catalyst prepared by the present invention is applied to degradation dirt When contaminating object, it is used as ferric reducing agent by the way that NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid) is added, by the ferric iron loaded on catalyst in visible light Under be reduced to ferrous iron, can eliminate ferric iron to generate hydrogen peroxide inhibition, greatly promote the generation of hydrogen peroxide, thus Can high degree promote its degradation for pollutant;
(5) reducing agent NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid) used in degradation process has very strong Biodegradable.NTA is logical Cross bacterial action decomposition run, final product CO2And NH3.NTA in river, 2 DEG C at a temperature of, resolution ratio after two weeks Be 82~88%, after several weeks can complete biodegradable, use will not cause secondary pollution to environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and embodiment 1 are modified3N4The UV-vis abosrption spectrogram of/PDI/Fe;
Fig. 2 is g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and embodiment 1 are modified3N4The band gap diagram of/PDI/Fe;
Fig. 3 is g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and embodiment 1 are modified3N4The photoluminescence spectra figure of/PDI/Fe;
Fig. 4 is g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and embodiment 1 are modified3N4The XRD of/PDI/Fe schemes;
Fig. 5 is g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and embodiment 1 are modified3N4The infrared spectrum of/PDI/Fe
Fig. 6 is g-C3N4The modified g-C with embodiment 13N4The 1h yields of hydrogen peroxide figure of/PDI;
Fig. 7 is g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and embodiment 1 are modified3N4/ PDI/Fe degradation of contaminant (PNP) figure is (not Add NTA);
Fig. 8 is g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and embodiment 1 are modified3N4/ PDI/Fe degradation of contaminant (PNP) figure (is thrown Add NTA).
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
The present invention provides a kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe includes in the catalyst molecule structure Fe-O key, infrared spectroscopy is in 463cm-1Position there is the peak of Fe-O key;It passes through first by g-C3N4With PMDA it is compound after Obtain g-C3N4/ PDI intermediate product, then by g-C3N4The further compound ferric iron of/PDI makes iron atom replace the g- C3N4Hydrogen in/PDI intermediate product forms Fe-O key.The band gap width of the catalyst is 2.4~2.8eV, can directly absorb wave The visible light of a length of 440nm, and the visible light of entire visible light region can be absorbed indirectly.
Visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4The preparation method of/PDI/Fe, includes the following steps:
(1) by substance A at 400 DEG C~500 DEG C, 3~5 hours are fired under inert atmosphere conditions, obtain presoma g- C3N4;The substance A can generate the g-C of three s-triazine structures after 400 DEG C~500 DEG C polymerizations3N4;Substance A be melamine or Urea, preferably melamine.Heating rate control is in 3~15 DEG C/min when firing melamine.Firing temperature is preferably 400 DEG C~450 DEG C, particularly preferably 425 DEG C.
(2) by the resulting presoma g-C of step (1)3N4With PMDA (pyromellitic acid anhydride) according to mass ratio 1:(1~ 4) it mixes, at 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, 3~5 hours is fired under inert atmosphere conditions, drying obtains g-C after washing3N4/PDI; Firing temperature is preferably 300 DEG C~350 DEG C, particularly preferably 325 DEG C.Heating rate is controlled in 5~15 DEG C/min.
(3) g-C for obtaining step (2)3N4/ PDI is mixed with NaOH solution, stirring, obtains processed g- after suction filtration C3N4/PDI;
(4) g-C for obtaining step (2)3N4/ PDI is mixed with lye, stirring, and it is at lye that solid phase is obtained after separation of solid and liquid The g-C managed3N4/PDI;The lye be sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate liquor or solution of potassium carbonate, it is excellent It is selected as sodium hydroxide solution;The process of base extraction makes H in catalyst be replaced into Na.
(4) g-C for the base extraction for obtaining step (3)3N4/ PDI and ferric salt solution, preferably FeCl3Solution is mixed It closes, stirring, after filtering drying, ferro element displacement sodium element obtains the visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/PDI/Fe。 Fe element and g-C3N4The mass ratio of/PDI is (0.4-2): 100, preferably 0.7:100.Mixing time is 12~50h, preferably For 40h.
Since ferrous iron is unstable, present invention selection first loads ferric iron, and the mode that reducing agent is then added is formed from fragrant System.But how ferric iron load to be got on, directly whether load can be be the difficult point in design process of the present invention.It is logical A large amount of experiment discovery is crossed, by base extraction, first replaces g-C3N4Hydrogen on/PDI, is then added ferric ion, and iron is set Hydrogen is changed, finally realizes and ferric successfully loads.
Visible-light response type catalyst g-C provided by the invention3N4/ PDI/Fe can be applied to building and realize from Fenton-like system The degradation of organic pollutant.Because load is ferric iron on a catalyst, to promote degradation of contaminant process, added to system Reducing agent of the NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid) as iron adds reducing agent and not only facilitates generation ferrous iron, and building is embodied from Fenton, separately On the one hand inhibition of the ferric iron to hydrogen peroxide is generated is also eliminated, the generation of hydrogen peroxide is promoted, substantially increases pollution Object degradation effect.In application, by the catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe is added in the treated waste containing organic pollutant, adds Enter reducing agent, adjust pH to 2~5, preferably adjusting pH to 4.Reducing agent can commonly be gone back for Fenton-like system or Fenton-like Former agent, such as oxalic acid, citric acid or nitrilotriacetic acid, preferably nitrilotriacetic acid.The concentration of reducing agent is 0.1~0.5mM, preferably 0.4mM.Treated waste containing organic matter is organic wastewater, and concentration of the catalyst in organic wastewater is 0.5g/L~2g/ L, preferably 1g/L;The mass ratio of organic matter in catalyst and organic wastewater is 100:1 or so.
The following are embodiments:
Embodiment 1
A kind of g-C of modification3N4The preparation method of base visible-light photocatalyst, include the following steps: the photochemical catalyst be can Light-exposed response type g-C3N4Based photocatalyst.
(1) g-C is prepared3N4
Melamine is put into tube furnace, 5 DEG C/min of heating rate, burns 4h under 425 DEG C of condition of nitrogen gas, make melamine High temperature polymerization forms semiconductor material g-C3N4
(2) g-C is prepared3N4/PDI
By material obtained in (1) and PMDA according to mass ratio to be put into tube furnace after 1:2 mixed grinding, heating rate 7 DEG C/min, 4h is burnt under 325 DEG C of condition of nitrogen gas, the material after firing is washed 3 times, can be prepared by g-C after dry3N4/PDI。
(3) g-C is prepared3N4/PDI/Fe
The NaOH solution of material obtained in (2) is handled for a period of time, after suction filtration, with FeCl3With ferro element and g- C3N4/ PDI mass ratio is that 0.7:100 is mixed in 30ml pure water, stirs 40h, obtains required modified g-C after filtering drying3N4Base Catalyst.
Interpretation of result: g-C mentioned below is carried out to photochemical catalyst manufactured in the present embodiment3N4Refer to 1 step of embodiment (1) obtained g-C is fired at 425 DEG C3N4;g-C3N4/ PDI refers to that 1 step of embodiment (1) fires obtained g-C at 425 DEG C3N4 The catalyst obtained through step (2);g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe refers to that 1 step of embodiment (1) fires obtained g-C at 425 DEG C3N4 The g-C of the modification obtained through step (2) (3)3N4Based photocatalyst.
(1)g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and the present embodiment are modified3N4The UV-vis spectrogram of/PDI/Fe
As shown in Figure 1, it can be seen that g-C from UV-vis spectrogram3N4G- is significantly lower than for the absorbability of visible light C3N4/ PDI, at the same time, g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe compares g-C for the absorption of visible light3N4/ PDI is promoted there has also been certain.From The range of visible absorption is compared, g-C3N4Absorbent wavelength is again smaller than modified g-C3N4/ PDI is absorbent Wavelength, after load iron, absorption region broadens again, therefore modified g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe has the utilization rate of visible light Very big promotion.
(2)g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and the present embodiment are modified3N4The band gap diagram of/PDI/Fe can from Fig. 2 Out, g-C3N4Band gap is 2.92eV, g-C3N4/ PDI band gap is 2.85eV, and modified g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe band gap is 2.83eV, Illustrate that the present invention by the improvement to material, changes its band gap width, increases its absorption for visible light, improve and urge Agent photo-catalysis capability.
(3)g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and the present embodiment are modified3N4The photoluminescence spectra figure of/PDI/Fe is from luminescence generated by light light It can be evident that in spectrogram Fig. 3, g-C3N4/ PDI luminous intensity is very high, illustrates that its electrons and holes recombination rate is very high, light The electrons and holes really to play a role when catalysis reaction are seldom.And g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe luminous intensity is very weak, illustrates its electronics Very low with the combined efficiency in hole, photocatalysis efficiency is very high, is more advantageous to the utilization to visible light.
(4)g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and the present embodiment are modified3N4The XRD diagram of/PDI/Fe is as shown in figure 4, in 2 θ Peak at=27.42 is sheet g-C3N4Structure, with PDI and g-C3N4It is compound, which substantially reduces.It is right Compare g-C3N4X-ray diffractogram, composite material forms first new peak at 2 θ=19.01, this is because PDI and g-C3N4 Forming stacking for pi-pi bond causes.Diffraction maximum at 2 θ=6.02 and 31.02 is the peak that the iron of load up is formed, this shows Fe has successfully been loaded to g-C by loading process3N4On/PDI, to constitute from Fenton-like system.
(5)g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and the present embodiment are modified3N4The infrared spectrum of/PDI/Fe
By to g-C3N4/ PDI and modified g-C3N4The comparative analysis of the infared spectrum of/PDI/Fe, as shown in figure 5, can With discovery, modified g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe is in 463cm-1Position there is new peak, this position is the peak of Fe-O, illustrates to pass through Overload process, ferric iron have been incorporated on catalyst in the form of Fe-O key, so that the photo-catalysis capability of catalyst be made to obtain Enhancing.
(6)g-C3N4And g-C3N4/ PDI illumination 1h yields of hydrogen peroxide compares
It is g-C shown in Fig. 63N4With modified g-C3N4/ PDI produces the comparison of hydrogen peroxide, reaction system are as follows: 50mL Deionized water is added in 250mL beaker, then weighs 0.05g catalyst, after stirring 30 minutes under dark condition, with 300W xenon lamp Irradiation samples every half an hour and surveys concentration of hydrogen peroxide.It can be it is clear to see that g-C from figure3N4It is very low to produce amount of hydrogen peroxide, Do not leading to when close to 0, and passing through the composite modified 1h concentration of hydrogen peroxide of catalysis later and reached 250 μm of ol/L, and reacting It is carried out under the air conditions of gas, illustrates g-C3N4Have significantly in the amount for producing hydrogen peroxide after composite modified It is promoted, can be used for constructing from Fenton-like system degradation of contaminant.
(7)g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and the present embodiment are modified3N4/ PDI/Fe degradation of contaminant (PNP) figure (is not thrown Add NTA)
Shown in fig. 7 is g-C3N4, g-C3N4/ PDI and modified g-C3N4The comparison of/PDI/Fe degradation of contaminant PNP, Reaction system are as follows: 50mL reaction solution is added in 250mL beaker, wherein including 0.05g catalyst, the PNP of 10mg/L.It is dark Under the conditions of stir 30 minutes after, with 300W xenon lamp irradiate, sampling and measuring PNP concentration.It can be seen from the figure that not adding NTA In the case where, compare g-C3N4, g-C3N4/ PDI and modified g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe is significantly improved for the degradation of PNP. But due to producing promotion for catalyst after load iron and inhibiting both sides effect, on the one hand due to ferric multiple It closes, competes electronics with oxygen in water on catalyst conduction band, cause dissolved oxygen to form superoxide radical and then form peroxide The process for changing hydrogen is hindered, and influences the effect of degradation of contaminant;On the other hand, after load iron, catalyst is for visible light Influx and translocation, and the recombination rate in light induced electron and hole reduce, promote the generation of light-catalysed efficiency and hydrogen peroxide, Facilitation effect is generated to degradation process.In the case where cancelling out each other, modified g-C3N4The degradation effect that/PDI/Fe is presented is anti- And it is not so good as g-C3N4/PDI。
(8)g-C3N4, g-C3N4The g-C that/PDI and the present embodiment are modified3N4/ PDI/Fe degradation of contaminant (PNP) figure (adds NTA)
Shown in fig. 8 is g-C3N4, g-C3N4/ PDI and modified g-C3N4The comparison of/PDI/Fe degradation of contaminant PNP, Reaction system are as follows: 50mL reaction solution is added in 250mL beaker, wherein include 0.05g catalyst, the PNP of 10mg/L and The NTA of 0.4mmol/L.After being stirred 30 minutes under dark condition, irradiated with 300W xenon lamp, sampling and measuring PNP concentration.It can from figure To find out, in the case where adding NTA, g-C3N4And g-C3N4The not big fluctuation of the degradation of/PDI for PNP, but it is modified G-C3N4/ PDI/Fe has great promotion for the degradation of PNP, in 1 hour, reaches to the degradation of pollutant PNP 80% or so, illustrate to achieve very good effect from Fenton-like system degradation of contaminant by building, while adding NTA as Fe Reducing agent for degradation greatly facilitate effect.
By above-mentioned analysis it is found that the g-C with visible light catalysis activity prepared by the method for the present embodiment3N4Base light is urged Agent g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe has very strong photocatalytic activity, and can generate degradation to pollutant (PNP), while adding After NTA is as the reducing agent of Fe, there is the promotion of high degree for the degradation of pollutant (PNP).
Embodiment 2
A kind of g-C of modification3N4The preparation method of base visible-light photocatalyst, include the following steps: the photochemical catalyst be can Light-exposed response type g-C3N4Based photocatalyst.
(1) g-C is prepared3N4
Melamine is put into tube furnace, 10 DEG C/min of heating rate, burns 4h under 400 DEG C of condition of nitrogen gas, make melamine Amine high temperature polymerization forms semiconductor material g-C3N4
(2) g-C is prepared3N4/PDI
By material obtained in (1) and PMDA according to mass ratio to be put into tube furnace after 1:1 mixed grinding, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, 4h is burnt under 300 DEG C of condition of nitrogen gas, the material after firing is washed 3 times, can be prepared by g-C after dry3N4/PDI。
(3) g-C is prepared3N4/PDI/Fe
The NaOH solution of material obtained in (2) is handled for a period of time, after suction filtration, with FeCl3With ferro element and g- C3N4/ PDI mass ratio is that 1.4:100 is mixed in 30ml pure water, and stirring for 24 hours, obtains required modified g-C after filtering drying3N4Base Catalyst.
Embodiment 3
A kind of g-C of modification3N4The preparation method of base visible-light photocatalyst, include the following steps: the photochemical catalyst be can Light-exposed response type g-C3N4Based photocatalyst.
(1) g-C is prepared3N4
Melamine is put into tube furnace, 5 DEG C/min of heating rate, burns 4h under 500 DEG C of condition of nitrogen gas, make melamine High temperature polymerization forms semiconductor material g-C3N4
(2) g-C is prepared3N4/PDI
By material obtained in (1) and PMDA according to mass ratio to be put into tube furnace after 1:3 mixed grinding, heating rate 5 DEG C/min, 4h is burnt under 300 DEG C of condition of nitrogen gas, the material after firing is washed 3 times, can be prepared by g-C after dry3N4/PDI。
(3) g-C is prepared3N4/PDI/Fe
The NaOH solution of material obtained in (2) is handled for a period of time, after suction filtration, with FeCl3With ferro element and g- C3N4/ PDI mass ratio is that 0.4:100 is mixed in 30ml pure water, stirs 12h, obtains required modified g-C after filtering drying3N4Base Catalyst.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, which is characterized in that include Fe- in the catalyst molecule structure O key, infrared spectroscopy is in 463cm-1Position there is the peak of Fe-O key;By first by g-C3N4With the compound rear acquisition g- of PMDA C3N4/ PDI intermediate product, then by g-C3N4The further compound ferric iron of/PDI makes iron atom replace the g-C3N4In/PDI Between hydrogen in product form Fe-O key;
The visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4The preparation method of/PDI/Fe, includes the following steps:
(1) by substance A at 400 DEG C~500 DEG C, 3~5 hours are fired under inert atmosphere conditions, obtain presoma g-C3N4;Institute The g-C of three s-triazine structures can be generated after 400 DEG C~500 DEG C polymerizations by stating substance A3N4
(2) by the resulting presoma g-C of step (1)3N4With PMDA according to mass ratio 1:(1~4) it mixes, at 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, 3~5 hours are fired under inert atmosphere conditions, drying obtains g-C after washing3N4/PDI;
(3) g-C for obtaining step (2)3N4/ PDI is mixed with lye, stirring, and it is base extraction mistake that solid phase is obtained after separation of solid and liquid G-C3N4/PDI;The lye is sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate liquor or solution of potassium carbonate;
(4) g-C for the base extraction for obtaining step (3)3N4/ PDI is mixed with ferric salt solution, stirring, after filtering drying, Obtain the visible-light response type catalyst g-C3N4/PDI/Fe。
2. visible-light response type catalyst g-C as described in claim 13N4/ PDI/Fe, which is characterized in that the catalyst Band gap width is 2.4eV~2.8eV, directly absorbing wavelength can be the visible light of 440nm, and can be absorbed indirectly entire visible The visible light in light region.
3. visible-light response type catalyst g-C as described in claim 13N4/ PDI/Fe, which is characterized in that step (1) is described Substance A is melamine or urea.
4. visible-light response type catalyst g-C as described in claim 13N4/ PDI/Fe, which is characterized in that step (4) is described Ferric salt solution is FeCl3Solution.
5. visible-light response type catalyst g-C as described in claim 13N4/ PDI/Fe, which is characterized in that step (4) is described Fe element and g-C in trivalent iron salt3N4The mass ratio of/PDI is (0.4~2): 100.
6. visible-light response type catalyst g-C as described in claim 13N4/ PDI/Fe, which is characterized in that step (4) is described Mixing time is 12~50h.
7. a kind of such as visible-light response type catalyst g-C as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 63N4The application of/PDI/Fe, it is special Sign is, realizes the degradation of organic pollutant from Fenton-like system applied to building.
8. the use as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that by the catalyst g-C3N4/ PDI/Fe, which is added, contains organic dirt In the treated waste for contaminating object, reducing agent is added, adjusts pH to 2~5.
9. application as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the reducing agent is oxalic acid, citric acid or nitrilotriacetic acid.
10. application as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the treated waste containing organic matter is organic wastewater, Concentration of the catalyst in organic wastewater is 0.5g/L~2g/L;The concentration of the reducing agent is 0.1~0.5mM.
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