CN108551359A - High-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage and device - Google Patents
High-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage and device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
Abstract
High-effect multi-user association precoding (EI SLNR) method and device based on leakage that the invention discloses a kind of, this method include：Base station obtains all subscriber channel matrixes and prior information；Determine the dynamic power allocation matrix of each user；And the equivalent channel of weighting is constructed with this, and then the pre-coding matrix of each user is obtained by EI SLNR criterion；Each user's original signal is sent to base station and carries out precoding, is emitted from base station end after being then added to signal；User is collected mail using the docking of MMSE receivers number receives, normalize and adjudicate etc. processing, obtains the originally transmitted data of user.The present invention solves the problems, such as multi-user's fairness in MU mimo systems, while eliminating multi-user interference, improves the fairness between user.A kind of method of dynamic power distribution has been invented simultaneously, further improves performance.For the anti-interference of wireless communication field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field more particularly to a kind of multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output (abbreviation MU-
MIMO a kind of) the precoding in system down link, and in particular to high-effect multi-user association precoding (EI- based on leakage
SLNR) method and apparatus, for the anti-interference of wireless communication field.
Background technology
In MU-MIMIO systems, base station (BS) can at the same time with multiple terminal users are given in frequency resource
Signal is sent, so MU-MIMO system can provide very high throughput of system.But since BS sends letter to multiple users simultaneously
Number, the interference (MUI) between multi-user can be caused, need to inhibit MUI to sending signal progress precoding at the ends BS.
For dirty paper code (DPC) although optimal performance may be implemented, complexity is high, is difficult to apply in practice.ZF/
BD precodings realize the system performance of suboptimum, due to lower complexity, being widely used.But ZF algorithm performances
Poor, BD algorithms require Base Transmitter antenna number to be more than or equal to the sum of all user's reception antenna numbers, there is higher constraint item
Part.Therefore signals leakiness noise ratio (SLNR) criterion is the pre-coding scheme being widely adopted in MU-MIMO system.Due to SLNR
Criterion does not constrain antenna number, therefore the scene applied is more universal.
SLNR criterion first have to obtain the channel matrix of all users by channel state information (CSI)；It needs later
The interference matrix of structuring user's obtains pre-coding matrix using SLNR criterion；The pre-coding matrix that base station utilization obtains is to inciting somebody to action
The original signal to be sent carries out precoding, and the signal after precoding is launched by antenna；User receives signal
And use decoding matrix to signal into row decoding, the signal to be sent.
SLNR criterion in the prior art use constant power allocation strategy, limit the raising of performance.Meanwhile being based on SLNR
The precoding of criterion does not account for the problem of multi-user's fairness yet, and the fairness of multi-user is also in multi-user pre-coding
A major issue.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is be directed to it is in the prior art based on multi-user's fairness existing for SLNR criterion precodings and
The problems such as system velocity is relatively low distributes the methods of (DPA) using weighting equivalent channel (WEC) and dynamic power, provides a kind of base
In high-effect multi-user association precoding (EI-SLNR) method and device of leakage, there is better system velocity and higher to use
Family fairness.
The present invention provides a kind of high-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
Step 1：Base station obtains the down channel matrix H of each userk, wherein user k=1,2 ..., K, K are in system
Number of users, then construct the interference matrix of each user
Step 2：It lets out to make an uproar by traditional letter and obtains the receiving matrix R of priori than (SLNR) criterionk；
Step 3：Using dynamic power allocation strategy, converts power distribution problems to geometric programming (GP) and pass through iteration
The method of operation obtains the power distribution matrix of user；
Step 4：Weighted factor is constructed using channel matrix and the receiving matrix of priori, then initializes equivalent channel, and
Equivalent channel is weighted to improve the fairness between multi-user；
Step 5：A kind of high-effect joint precoding (EI-SLNR) method based on leakage through the invention obtains base
It stands the precoding at end, independent process is carried out to the transmission signal of each user using obtained precoding, then to all processing
Signal afterwards is added, and is launched finally by antenna for base station；
Step 6：User carries out relevant treatment to the signal received from base station by MMSE receivers, obtains original hair
Send data；
Step 7：Above step is repeated, traverses all users respectively.
The present invention also provides a kind of high-effect multi-user association pre-coding apparatus based on leakage, which is characterized in that press
It is connected in turn according to signal processing flow：Channel matrix and prior information acquisition module, dynamic power distribution module, weighting are equivalent
Matrix construction module, precoding processing module, receiver processing module, each module are described below：
Channel matrix and prior information acquisition module：The reception square of channel matrix and priori for obtaining all users
Battle array；Input is the sequence collection of each user, exports the receiving matrix of the channel matrix and priori for all users；For TDD systems
System, the training sequence or pilot frequency sequence of the uplink that subscriber channel matrix is received by base station obtain；For FDD system, use
Family channel matrix is obtained by feeding back；
Dynamic power distribution module：For obtaining power distribution matrix, to maximize the rate of system；By the way that optimization is asked
Topic is converted into geometric programming problem and is solved by interior point method；Input is that the channel matrix of each user and priori receive
Matrix exports the power distribution matrix for all users；
Weight equivalent channel constructing module：For the equivalent channel after being weighted, need to utilize channel matrix and priori
Receiving matrix；Input is the receiving matrix of the channel matrix and priori of each user, is exported equivalent for the weighting of all users
Channel；
Precoding processing module：Precoding is obtained using the EI-SLNR methods of the present invention, then original signal is passed through pre-
Coding is handled, and treated that signal is added by all, is launched finally by antenna for base station；Input is transmission
To the original signal of user, the signal after exporting as precoding；
Receiver processing module is connected with signal receiving submodule according to signal processing flow, data flow normalizes submodule
With signal decision submodule, each submodule is described below：
Signal receiving submodule：Signal is received for decoding user, inputs and receives signal for user, export as after decoding
Multiplex data stream, user utilize receiving matrix RkThe docking collection of letters number carries out reception decoding, the signal after being decoded；
Data flow normalizes submodule：Data flow after decoding is normalized by the submodule of a diagonalization；
Signal decision submodule：Signal after normalization is made decisions, the signal after the normalization for user is inputted, it is defeated
Go out to be sent to the estimation of the original signal of user for base station.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that：
Existing SLNR method for precoding does not account for multi-user's fairness problem, while using original constant power point
With strategy, the promotion of performance is limited.The present invention solves multi-user's fairness problem by weighting equivalent channel method, to letter
Condition poor user in road promotes the fairness of user to protect.A kind of dynamic power allocation strategy is proposed simultaneously, it is higher
Improve the performance of system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is MU-MIMO system down link structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of method for precoding of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the composition schematic diagram of pre-coding apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the composition schematic diagram of receiver processing module in pre-coding apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the rate capability comparative graph of the present invention and existing SLNR method for precoding.
Fig. 6 is the user fairness comparative graph of the present invention and existing SLNR method for precoding.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Embodiment 1
The present invention is a kind of joint method for precoding based on EI-SLNR, and referring to Fig. 1, a base station is K simultaneously in system
A user provides service.Base station end has NtRoot transmitting antenna, each user have NrRoot reception antenna.The signal that base station is sent is institute
There are the adduction of signal after user's precoding, the data fluxion that base station is sent to user equal with the reception antenna number of user.According to
Channel reciprocity under tdd mode, base station can know the channel matrix of all users.The channel matrix of user k is denoted as Hk, because
The signal that this user k is received isWherein skIt is sent to user k's for base station
Original signal, WkFor the pre-coding matrix of user k, nkIt is the additive white Gaussian noise of zero-mean and unit variance.Above formula equal sign is right
Side first item indicates that the useful signal of user k, Section 2 indicate MUI.
Referring to Fig. 2, EI-SLNR joints method for precoding of the present invention includes having the following steps：
Step 1：It determines that all subscriber channel matrixes, base station obtain the down channel matrix of each user, determines that institute is useful
Family channel matrixHkFor the down channel matrix of user k, k=1,2 ... K, K are user in system
Number, HTIndicate the transposition of channel matrix；Each user interference matrixes are constructed, by taking user k as an example, the interference matrix of user k is
Step 2：Then pass through SLNR criterion
Obtain the receiving matrix R of priorik；
Step 3：By dynamic power allocation strategy, converts power distribution problems to geometric programming (GP) problem and obtain
Power distribution matrix；Geometric programming (GP) can be solved by interior iterative method：One iterations L is set, does one
The power partition coefficient of the operation of loop iteration, initialization is pl-1=p0, calculate middle coefficient Am,Bm, then according to obtaining
The power partition coefficient that majorized function is iterated to obtain user k is pk=pL, the power partition coefficient of all users is formed one
A power distribution matrix；
Step 4：By the receiving matrix of known channel matrix and priori, weighted factor is constructedThen it initializes
Equivalent channel, and equivalent channel is weighted to obtain weighting equivalent channel Hej, to improve the fairness of user, improve channel item
The poor user experience of part；
Step 5：Base station end precoding after being optimized using the EI-SLNR methods of the present invention,
Base station precoding is expressed asThen using the precoding of construction to each user's
It sends signal and carries out independent processing, treated that signal is added to all, launches finally by antenna for base station；
Step 6：User docks the collection of letters number into row decoding and relevant treatment：User passes through the signal received from base station
MMSE receivers are handled, and receiving matrix isWherein dk=AkHkWk.It finally obtains original
Transmission data；
Above step is repeated, traverses all users respectively.
The joint method for precoding based on EI-SLNR of the present invention is compared with existing SLNR method for precoding, by adding
The method of equivalent channel is weighed to solve multi-user's fairness problem, poor user is protected to channel condition, is improved more
The fairness of user.The present invention uses dynamic user power allocation strategy simultaneously, further improves the performance of system.
Embodiment 2
The composition of dynamical EI-SLNR pre-coding apparatus is with embodiment 3, referring to Fig. 4, wherein dynamic power allocation strategy
It is described in detail below：
2.1 convert optimization aim to maximization system and rates, can obtain following formula
Wherein SINRdownFor the signal-to-noise ratio of downlink.
Optimization aim above is carried out conversion of equal value by 2.2, can be obtained
We define an auxiliary function
2.3 defined functionNon-convex object function is converted into a geometric programming (GP)
The problem of can solving
Obtained above formula is the GP problems of a standard.
2.4 pairs of majorized functionsCarry out a compression approximate processing
Wherein
2.5 final optimization aims are changed into
It can be solved by interior iterative method.One iterations L is set, the operation of a loop iteration is done.Initialization
Power partition coefficient be pl-1=p0, calculate middle coefficient Am,Bm, then used by iteration according to the majorized function of front
The power partition coefficient of family k is pk=pL。
Embodiment 3
Combine method for precoding with embodiment 1 based on EI-SLNR criterion, channel information and priori are utilized wherein in step 4
Information, construction weighting equivalent channel matrix specifically include following steps：
3.1：First assume the multiplex data stream of same user power having the same, therefore the power distribution square initialized
Battle array can be with
3.2：Construct weighted factor
Wherein HgRepresent average channel gain, pk,lRepresent the performance number of the jth circuit-switched data stream distribution of user k.
3.3 construction weighting equivalent channel Hej=DjQjRjHj, whereinIt is that weighting is diagonal
The each single item of matrix, the inside represents a weighted factor.
3.4 finally by EI-SLNR criterion
Obtain precoding Wk
3.5 update receiving matrix Rk
Wherein dk=AkHkWk。
3.6：Above step is repeated, inner iterative is carried out, until performance obtains putting down compared with excellent water.Then it is useful that institute is traversed again
The pre-coding matrix of each user is acquired at family.
Embodiment 4
The present invention also provides a kind of high-effect joint pre-coding apparatus based on EI-SLNR criterion, referring to Fig. 3, according to letter
Number process flow is connected in turn：Channel matrix and prior information acquisition module, dynamic power distribution module, weighting equivalent channel
Constructing module, precoding processing module, receiver processing module, each module are described below：
Channel matrix and prior information acquisition module：The reception square of channel matrix and priori for obtaining all users
Battle array；Input is the sequence collection of each user, exports the receiving matrix of the channel matrix and priori for all users；For TDD systems
System, the training sequence or pilot frequency sequence of the uplink that subscriber channel matrix is received by base station obtain；For FDD system, use
Family channel matrix is obtained by feeding back；
Dynamic power distribution module：For obtaining power distribution matrix, to maximize the rate of system；By the way that optimization is asked
Topic is converted into geometric programming (GP) problem and is solved by interior point method；Input is the channel matrix and priori of each user
Receiving matrix exports the power distribution matrix for all users；
Weight equivalent channel constructing module：For the equivalent channel after being weighted, need to utilize channel matrix and priori
Receiving matrix；Input is the receiving matrix of the channel matrix and priori of each user, is exported equivalent for the weighting of all users
Channel；
Precoding processing module：Precoding is obtained using the EI-SLNR methods of the present invention, then original signal is passed through pre-
Coding is handled, and treated that signal is added by all, is launched finally by antenna for base station；Input is transmission
To the original signal of user, the signal after exporting as precoding.
Embodiment 5
Composition based on EI-SLNR criterion joint pre-coding apparatus is with embodiment 4, and referring to Fig. 4, wherein receiver handles mould
Block is connected with signal receiving submodule, normalization submodule and signal decision submodule, each son in turn according to signal processing flow
Module is described below：
Signal receiving submodule, the reception signal for decoding user input the reception signal for user, export as decoding
Multiplex data stream afterwards passes through receiving matrix RkDocking collect mail number into row decoding, the signal after being decoded.
Data flow normalizes submodule, and the data flow after decoding is normalized by the submodule of a diagonalization.
Signal decision submodule makes decisions the signal after normalization, inputs the signal after the normalization for user, defeated
Go out to be sent to the estimation of the original signal of user for base station.
Embodiment 6
Joint pre-coding apparatus method and apparatus based on EI-SLNR are with embodiment 1-5, below to EI-SLNR of the present invention
Joint method for precoding carries out emulation comparison with the performance in the prior art based on SLNR criterion method for precoding.
Fig. 5 is that the high-effect EI-SLNR of the present invention combines method for precoding and SLNR method for precoding in the prior art
System velocity performance comparison analogous diagram.Horizontal axis indicates that the received signal to noise ratio of user, the longitudinal axis indicate user's and rate.Fig. 6
It is the emulation of the fairness between multi-user.It has been respectively compared the EI-SLNR schemes of the SLNR schemes and the present invention of traditional technology.
Simulated conditions are：MU-MIMO system, there are one base station in system, antenna for base station number is 4, the reception of each user
Antenna number is 2, and number of users 3, channel model is modeled as rayleigh fading channel, using monte carlo simulation methodology, sends signal
It is modulated using BPSK.
As shown in figure 5, the joint method for precoding and tradition SLNR method for precoding based on EI-SLNR criterion of the present invention
It compares, there is apparent advantage on rate capability.With the increase of iterations, the rate of system gets a promotion.When iteration time
Number reaches 5 times or so, is substantially achieved convergence.
As shown in fig. 6, the joint method for precoding proposed by the present invention based on EI-SLNR criterion, improves channel quality
The bit error rate performance of poor user, to improve the fairness between multi-user.
In conclusion the present invention is based on the joint method for precoding and device of EI-SLNR criterion, solve MU-MIMO systems
In system between receiving terminal antenna the technical issues of multi-user interference.Fairness between effective enhancing multi-user simultaneously, improves
The rate capability of system has stronger actual application value.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not imposed any restrictions to the present invention, every according to skill of the present invention
Art any simple modification, change and equivalent structure variation substantially made to the above embodiment, still fall within the technology of the present invention
In the protection domain of scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Base station obtains the down channel matrix H of each userk, wherein user k=1,2 ..., K, K are the user in system
Number, then constructs the interference matrix of each user
Step 2：It lets out to make an uproar by traditional letter and obtains the receiving matrix R of priori than criterionk；
Step 3：Using dynamic power allocation strategy, it converts power distribution problems to geometric programming and by the side of interative computation
Method obtains the power distribution matrix of user；
Step 4：Weighted factor is constructed using channel matrix and the receiving matrix of priori, then initializes equivalent channel, and weight
Equivalent channel improves the fairness between multi-user；
Step 5：A kind of high-effect joint method for precoding based on leakage through the invention obtains the precoding of base station end,
Independent process is carried out to the transmission signal of each user using obtained precoding, then treated that signal carries out phase to all
Add, launches finally by antenna for base station；
Step 6：User carries out relevant treatment to the signal received from base station by MMSE receivers, obtains original transmission number
According to；
Step 7：Above step is repeated, traverses all users respectively.
2. a kind of high-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
Step 1：It determines that all subscriber channel matrixes, base station obtain the down channel matrix of each user, determines all user's letters
Road matrixHkFor the down channel matrix of user k, k=1,2 ... K, K are number of users in system, HT
Indicate the transposition of channel matrix；Each user interference matrixes are constructed, by taking user k as an example, the interference matrix of user k is
Step 2：Then pass through SLNR criterion
Obtain the receiving matrix R of priorik；
Step 3：By dynamic power allocation strategy, converts power distribution problems to geometric programming problem and obtain power distribution
Matrix；Geometric programming can be solved by interior iterative method：One iterations L is set, the fortune of a loop iteration is done
It calculates, the power partition coefficient of initialization is pl-1=p0, calculate middle coefficient Am,Bm, then carried out according to obtained majorized function
The power partition coefficient that iteration obtains user k is pk=pL, the power partition coefficient of all users is formed a power distribution square
Battle array；
Step 4：By the receiving matrix of known channel matrix and priori, weighted factor is constructedThen it initializes equivalent
Channel, and equivalent channel is weighted to obtain weighting equivalent channel Hej, to improve the fairness of user, improve channel condition compared with
The user experience of difference；
Step 5：Base station end precoding after being optimized using the EI-SLNR methods of the present invention,
Base station precoding is expressed asThen the transmission using the precoding of construction to each user
Signal carries out independent processing, and treated that signal is added to all, launches finally by antenna for base station；
Step 6：User docks the collection of letters number into row decoding and relevant treatment：User connects the signal received from base station by MMSE
Receipts machine is handled, and receiving matrix isWherein dk=AkHkWk, finally obtain original transmission number
According to；
Step 7：Above step is repeated, traverses all users respectively.
3. the high-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3
The dynamic power allocation strategy, specifically includes：
3.1 optimization aim is set as maximization system and rates, can obtain following formula
Wherein SINRdownFor the signal-to-noise ratio of downlink；
Optimization aim above is carried out conversion of equal value by 3.2, can be obtained
Define an auxiliary function
3.3 defined functionIt is asked what non-convex object function was converted into that a geometric programming can solve
Topic
Obtained above formula is the GP problems of a standard；
3.4 pairs of majorized functionsCarry out a compression approximate processing
Wherein
3.5 final optimization aims are changed into
It can be solved by interior iterative method：One iterations L is set, the operation of a loop iteration, the work(of initialization are done
Rate distribution coefficient is pl-1=p0, calculate middle coefficient Am,Bm, user k is then obtained by iteration according to the majorized function of front
Power partition coefficient be pk=pL。
4. the high-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 4
The weighting equivalent channel, specifically includes：
4.1：First assume the multiplex data stream of same user power having the same, therefore the power distribution matrix initialized
4.2：Construct weighted factor
Wherein HgRepresent average channel gain, pk,lRepresent the performance number of the jth circuit-switched data stream distribution of user k；
4.3：Construction weighting equivalent channel Hej=DjQjRjHj, whereinIt is weighting diagonal matrix,
The each single item of the inside represents a weighted factor.
5. a kind of high-effect multi-user association method for precoding based on leakage as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that pre-
Pre-coding apparatus used in coding method, is connected in turn according to signal processing flow：Channel matrix and prior information obtain
Module, dynamic power distribution module, weighting equivalent channel constructing module, precoding processing module, receiver processing module, each mould
Block is described below：
Channel matrix and prior information acquisition module：The receiving matrix of channel matrix and priori for obtaining all users；It is defeated
Enter the sequence collection for each user, exports the receiving matrix of the channel matrix and priori for all users；For TDD system, use
The training sequence or pilot frequency sequence of the uplink that family channel matrix is received by base station obtains；For FDD system, subscriber channel
Matrix is obtained by feeding back；
Dynamic power distribution module：For obtaining power distribution matrix, to maximize the rate of system；By the way that optimization problem is turned
It turns to geometric programming problem and is solved by interior point method；Input is that the channel matrix of each user and priori receive square
Battle array, exports the power distribution matrix for all users；
Weight equivalent channel constructing module：For the equivalent channel after being weighted, connecing using channel matrix and priori is needed
Receive matrix；Input is the receiving matrix of the channel matrix and priori of each user, exports the weighting equivalent channel for all users；
Precoding processing module：Precoding is obtained using the EI-SLNR methods of the present invention, original signal is then passed through precoding
It is handled, and treated that signal is added by all, is launched finally by antenna for base station；Input is to be sent to use
The original signal at family, the signal after exporting as precoding；
Receiver processing module is connected with signal receiving submodule, data flow normalization submodule and letter according to signal processing flow
Number judgement submodule, each submodule is described below：
Signal receiving submodule：Signal is received for decoding user, inputs and receives signal, the multichannel after exporting as decoding for user
Data flow, user utilize receiving matrix RkThe docking collection of letters number carries out reception decoding, the signal after being decoded；
Data flow normalizes submodule：Data flow after decoding is normalized by the submodule of a diagonalization；
Signal decision submodule：Signal after normalization is made decisions, the signal after the normalization for user is inputted, exports and is
Base station is sent to the estimation of the original signal of user.
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| CN109361438A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of letter leakage noise ratio method for precoding of Filled function matching leakage weighting |
| CN109495147A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Superimposed pilot method based on spatial reuse in extensive mimo system |
| CN110212960A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-06 | 广西大学 | A kind of MU-MIMO system method for precoding and power distribution method based on improvement SLNR |
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