CN108550874B - Cerium oxide-barium cerate-based solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cerium oxide-barium cerate-based solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cerium oxide-barium cerate-based solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, wherein the main component of the electrolyte is Ce0.8Bi x Re x(0.2‑)O2‑δ‑BaCe0.8Bi x Re x(0.2‑)O3‑δ(x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2), wherein Re is one of La, Nd, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er and Yb. One-step synthesis of Ce by adopting solid-phase reaction method0.8Bi x Re x(0.2‑)O2‑δ‑BaCe0.8Bi x Re x(0.2‑)O3‑δAnd granulating, pressing and molding the composite powder, and calcining at high temperature to prepare the composite electrolyte. The electrolyte has the advantages of low sintering temperature and high ionic conductivity, and the process has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency and convenience for industrialization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrolytes of solid oxide fuel cells, in particular to a cerium oxide-barium cerate-based electrolyte of a solid oxide fuel cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have become a hot point of research in the fuel cell field due to their advantages such as high energy conversion, no pollution, and fuel diversity. Electrolytes are key and core materials for SOFCs. Currently, YSZ (yttria doped zirconia) is the most developed of the mature SOFCs electrolyte materials. However, YSZ generally has a high ionic conductivity above 1000 ℃, and excessively high operating temperatures cause SOFCs to have a series of problems, such as: reduced electrode activity, high requirements for connector materials, poor battery sealing, etc. Therefore, lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs is an important development to expand the range of battery pack material choices and improve the long-term battery operating stability. However, as the operating temperature decreases, the conductivity of the YSZ electrolyte rapidly decreases, resulting in a sharp decrease in battery performance. The development of new electrolytes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells is the current direction of intense research.
Chinese patent document CN101000966 discloses 'a composite doped cerium oxide electrolyte and a preparation method thereof', wherein the composite doped cerium oxide electrolyte is in accordance with Ce1-xGdx-yYyO2-0.5xThe composite oxide of cerium oxide, gadolinium oxide and yttrium oxide in stoichiometric ratio has an electrical conductivity of 0.038S-cm at 600 deg.C in air-1. Chinese patent document CN102544559A discloses "a cerium oxide-based electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cell and a preparation method thereof", wherein the firing temperature is reduced by adding lanthanum oxide and vanadium oxide to cerium oxide, and the electrolyte has an electrical conductivity of 0.0178S-cm at 600 ℃ in air-1. However, Ce in the cerium oxide-based electrolyte4+Is easy to be partially reduced into Ce under low oxygen partial pressure or reducing atmosphere3+Electron conductance is generated, resulting in a drop in the open circuit voltage of the SOFCs, which in turn results in reduced battery performance.
Chinese patent document CN103086716A discloses a composite proton conductor material based on rare earth oxide doped barium cerate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the electrolyte is gadolinium oxide or yttrium oxide doped barium cerate, and the conductivity of the electrolyte is higher than 10 under the condition of 550 ℃ in air-2 S·cm-1. However, barium cerate electrolyte contains CO2、H2O is unstable under the condition and is easy to generate chemical reaction to generate barium carbonate, barium hydroxide and the like, thereby further reducing the conductivity.
Wenping Sun et al (A novel electronic current-blocked stable mixed oxide for solid oxide fuels, Journal of Power Sources, 2011, 196(1): 62-68) describe a rare earth element doped CeO2/BaCeO3The composite electrolyte realizes the complementary performance advantages of the cerium oxide-based electrolyte and the barium cerate-based electrolyte, and solves the problems that the cerium oxide-based electrolyte is easy to be partially reduced and the barium cerate-based electrolyte is unstable in chemistry. However, the firing temperature of the composite electrolyte is high (> 1350 ℃), and an interfacial reaction or element is likely to occur between the two electrolytesThe element diffuses, resulting in lower conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides Bi-doped Ce0.8Bi x Re x(0.2-)O2-δ- BaCe0.8Bi x Re x(0.2-)O3-δ(x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, and Re = La, Nd, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb and the like) composite electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. The prepared electrolyte has the advantages of low sintering temperature, high conductivity and the like. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process and convenient industrialization.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, which comprises the following steps.
1、Ce0.8Bi x Re x(0.2-)O2-δ-BaCe0.8Bi x Re x(0.2-)O3-δThe preparation method of the composite powder is as follows.
1.1 according to Ce0.8Bi x Re x(0.2-)O2-δ-BaCe0.8Bi x Re x)(0.2-O3-δStoichiometric weighing of BaCO3、CeO2、Bi2O3、Re2O3(Re = La, Nd, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb and the like), putting the mixture into a polyurethane ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ball milling for 8-12 hours by taking zirconia balls as a medium, wherein the mass ratio of the raw materials to the zirconia balls to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1 (2.5-3.5) to (0.8-0.9), so as to obtain the slurry.
And 1.2, drying, granulating, and pressing and forming under the pressure of 5-15 MPa to obtain a blank.
1.3, putting the blank into a heating furnace, heating to 900-1050 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace.
1.4 crushing the calcined lump material to obtain Ce0.8BixRe(0.2-x)O2-δ-Ba Ce0.8BixRe(0.2-x)O3-δAnd (3) composite powder.
2、Ce0.8BixRe(0.2-x)O2-δ-Ba Ce0.8BixRe(0.2-x)O3-δThe preparation method of the composite electrolyte is as follows.
2.1 to Ce0.8BixRe(0.2-x)O2-δ-Ba Ce0.8BixRe(0.2-x)O3-δAdding 1 wt.% of binder into the composite powder, uniformly mixing, granulating, and pressing under the pressure of 30-60 MPa to prepare a flaky electrolyte blank with the thickness of 0.3-1.5 mm.
2.2, putting the electrolyte blank into a heating furnace, heating to 1100-1250 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-6 hours to obtain the solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte.
The purity of the raw material is more than 99.9 percent; the absolute ethyl alcohol is of analytical pure grade.
Ce of step 1.1 of the invention0.8Bi x Re x(0.2-)O2-δAnd BaCe0.8Bi x Re x)(0.2-O3-δThe mass ratio of (95-50) to (5-50).
Preferred according to the invention, Ce in step 1.10.8Bi x Re x(0.2-)O2-δ-BaCe0.8Bi x Re x)(0.2-O3-δX is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.12.
In the step 1.2, the drying temperature is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time is 12-15 hours. The mesh number of the granulated powder is 40 meshes.
Preferably according to the invention, the temperature ramp profile in step 1.3 is: heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a speed of 3-6 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 11-13 hours.
The binder in step 2.1 of the present invention is one of a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) aqueous solution or a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) ethanol solution with a concentration of 5 wt.%.
Preferably, the mesh size of the crushed powder in step 2.1 is 40 meshes.
Preferably, in step 2.1, the thickness of the sheet-like electrolyte sheet is 0.6-1.2 mm.
Preferably according to the invention, the temperature ramp profile in step 1.3 is: heating to 1150-1200 ℃ at a speed of 2-4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3-5 hours.
Advantageous effects
1. The firing temperature is low: bi2O3Has a low melting point, Bi is doped so that CeO2/BaCeO3The firing temperature of the composite electrolyte is reduced by more than 100 ℃.
2. High oxygen ion conductivity: doped with single element of undoped Bi with CeO2/BaCeO3Compared with the composite electrolyte, the ionic conductivity is higher than 3 times.
3. The composite doped CeO can be prepared by one-step reaction2/BaCeO3The powder does not need subsequent mixing process, the process flow is simple, and the industrialization is convenient.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
As 90wt.% Ce0.8Bi0.1La0.1O2-δ-10 wt.% BaCe0.8Bi0.1La0.1O3-δStoichiometric weighing of BaCO3、CeO2、Bi2O3、La2O3Putting the mixture into a polyurethane ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and ball milling for 10 hours by taking zirconia balls as a medium, wherein the mass ratio of the raw materials to the zirconia balls to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 3: 0.8, so as to obtain slurry. Drying at 90 deg.C for 12 hr, sieving with 40 mesh sieve, granulating, and press-forming under 10MPa to obtain blank. And (3) putting the blank into a heating furnace, heating to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace. Crushing the calcined lump to obtain 90wt.% Ce0.8Bi0.1La0.1O2-δ-10 wt.% BaCe0.8Bi0.1La0.1O3-δAnd (3) composite powder. Adding 1 wt.% of PVA aqueous solution into the composite powder, uniformly mixing, sieving by a 40-mesh sieve, granulating, and pressing under the pressure of 50MPa to prepare a flaky electrolyte blank with the thickness of 1.0 mm. Putting the electrolyte blank into a heating furnace, heating at 3 DEG CHeating to 1150 ℃ in min, and preserving the temperature for 4 hours to obtain the solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte.
90wt.% Ce, tested using an electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Hua, CHI 660E)0.8Bi0.1La0.1O2-δ-10 wt.% BaCe0.8Bi0.1La0.1O3-δThe ionic conductivity of the composite electrolyte at 600 ℃ in air is 0.031S cm-1。
Example 2
As 70wt.% Ce0.8Bi0.1Gd0.1O2-δ-30 wt.% BaCe0.8Bi0.1Gd0.1O3-δStoichiometric weighing of BaCO3、CeO2、Bi2O3、Gd2O3Putting the mixture into a polyurethane ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and ball milling for 10 hours by taking zirconia balls as a medium, wherein the mass ratio of the raw materials to the zirconia balls to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 3.1: 0.9, so as to obtain the slurry. Drying at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve for granulation, and pressing and molding under the pressure of 8MPa to obtain a blank. And (3) putting the blank into a heating furnace, heating to 980 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 13 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace. Crushing the calcined lump to obtain 70wt.% Ce0.8Bi0.1Gd0.1O2-δ-30 wt.% BaCe0.8Bi0.1Gd0.1O3-δAnd (3) composite powder. Adding 1 wt.% PVB ethanol solution into the composite powder, mixing uniformly, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve for granulation, and pressing under 40MPa pressure to obtain a sheet electrolyte blank with the thickness of 0.9 mm. And (3) putting the electrolyte blank into a heating furnace, heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 5 hours to obtain the solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte.
Tested using an electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Hua, CHI 660E), 70wt.% Ce0.8Bi0.1Gd0.1O2-δ-30 wt.% BaCe0.8Bi0.1Gd0.1O3-δThe ionic conductivity of the composite electrolyte at 600 ℃ and under the air condition is 0.028S cm-1。
Comparative example 1
As described in example 1, except that: is prepared fromDoping Bi element. Namely: the composition of the composite electrolyte is 90wt.% Ce0.8La0.2O2-δ-10 wt.% BaCe0.8La0.2O3-δ. The firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1300 ℃. The ionic conductivity at 600 deg.C in air is 0.0078S cm-1。
Comparative example 2
As described in example 1, except that: is not doped with Bi element. Namely: the composition of the composite electrolyte is 70wt.% Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ-30 wt.% BaCe0.8Gd0.2O3-δ. The firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1350 ℃. The ionic conductivity at 600 deg.C in air is 0.0071S cm-1。
Compared with the comparative examples 1 and 2, the sintering temperature of the examples 1 and 2 is obviously reduced, and the conductivity is improved by more than 3 times. Shows that the doping of Bi element is beneficial to reducing CeO2/BaCeO3The firing temperature of the composite electrolyte is improved, and the ionic conductivity of the composite electrolyte is improved.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and other modifications are possible. All modifications directly or indirectly derivable by a person skilled in the art from the present disclosure are to be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. CeO (CeO)2/BaCeO3The preparation method of the electrolyte of the solid oxide fuel cell is characterized in that the main component of the electrolyte is Ce0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O2-δ-BaCe0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O3-δRe is La or Gd, wherein Ce0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O2-δWith BaCe0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O3-δThe mass ratio of (70-90) to (10-30), and the preparation steps are as follows:
weighing BaCO according to the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte components3、CeO2、Bi2O3、La2O3Or Gd2O3Putting the mixture into a polyurethane ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and ball milling for 10 hours by taking zirconia balls as a medium, wherein the mass ratio of the raw materials to the zirconia balls to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1 (3-3.1) to (0.8-0.9), so as to obtain slurry;
drying, granulating, and pressing and forming under the pressure of 8-10 MPa, wherein the drying temperature of the obtained blank is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time is 12-15 hours; the sieving mesh number of the granulated powder is 40 meshes;
putting the blank into a heating furnace, heating to 980-1000 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
crushing the calcined lump material to obtain Ce0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O2-δ-BaCe0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O3-δComposite powder;
to Ce0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O2-δ-BaCe0.8Bi0.1Re0.1O3-δAdding 1 wt.% of binder into the composite powder, uniformly mixing, granulating, and pressing under the pressure of 40-50 MPa to prepare a sheet electrolyte blank with the thickness of 0.9-1.0 mm, wherein the binder is PVA (polyvinyl acetate) aqueous solution or PVB (polyvinyl butyral) ethanol solution;
and (3) putting the electrolyte blank into a heating furnace, heating to 1150-1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-5 hours to obtain the solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte.
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| BaCeO3-CeO2复合电解质的制备、结构和电学性能研究;谷肄静 等;《贵州大学学报(自然科学版)》;20161031;第33卷(第5期);第36-41页 * |
| 复合电解质BaCe0.8Y0.2O2.9-Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9的化学稳定性;余守江 等;《硅酸盐学报》;20160430;第44卷(第4期);第487-492页 * |
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