CN108550645B - Reflective film, photovoltaic glass panel, photovoltaic module, and method for manufacturing photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Reflective film, photovoltaic glass panel, photovoltaic module, and method for manufacturing photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN108550645B CN108550645B CN201810577165.3A CN201810577165A CN108550645B CN 108550645 B CN108550645 B CN 108550645B CN 201810577165 A CN201810577165 A CN 201810577165A CN 108550645 B CN108550645 B CN 108550645B
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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Abstract
The invention provides a reflective film, a photovoltaic glass panel, a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module. The EVA layer is arranged on the upper surface of the reflecting film, so that the reflecting film and the photovoltaic glass panel can be conveniently attached, the installation is convenient, the stable distance between the reflecting layer and the photovoltaic glass panel can be kept, the light reaching the surface of the reflecting layer is ensured to be efficiently reflected, and the power of the photovoltaic assembly is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a reflecting film, a photovoltaic glass panel, a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module.
Background
The photovoltaic module is used for directly converting solar light energy into electric energy, reduces emission of greenhouse gases and pollutants due to no consumption of petrochemical energy, is harmonious with ecological environment and accords with the sustainable development strategy of the economy and society. With popularization of photovoltaic modules and vigorous competition in industry, the generated power per unit area of the photovoltaic modules becomes an important index for performance. In order to increase the generated power, a reflection structure layer is directly or indirectly arranged on a welding strip on the surface of a battery piece in many photovoltaic modules, so that light rays incident on the surface of the welding strip are reflected to the surface of other positions of the battery piece to be absorbed.
However, the larger gap area between the cell strings is not fully utilized, and at present, a small part of the gap area between the cell strings is provided with the reflecting film in two main modes, namely, the reflecting film is lapped at the edge of the cell to stabilize the position of the reflecting film; and secondly, attaching the reflecting film on the backboard. For the first mode, the reflecting film is lapped on the edge area of the battery piece, local pressure can be generated on the battery piece during lamination, battery piece fragments are easy to cause, and in the laying lamination process, the reflecting structure on the reflecting film is unstable in contact with the packaging material and cannot be fully fused, so that light rays are affected to be smoothly transmitted to the reflecting structure; for the distance between the reflecting film and the glass panel in the second mode is larger, the light energy loss is large, part of light can be blocked by the side face of the battery piece, the comprehensive utilization rate of the light is not high, and in the laying and laminating process, the pressure between the reflecting structure on the reflecting film and the packaging material is larger, so that the structural stability of the reflecting structure is influenced. In conclusion, the arrangement mode of the two reflecting films cannot stabilize the distance between the reflecting films and the glass, and the light recycling efficiency is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a reflecting film capable of improving the power of a photovoltaic module.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the reflecting film comprises a substrate layer, a reflecting layer and an EVA layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the reflecting layer is provided with a microstructure which is regularly densely distributed.
Compared with the prior art, the EVA layer is arranged on the upper surface of the reflecting film, so that the reflecting film and the photovoltaic glass panel can be conveniently attached, the installation is convenient, the stable distance between the reflecting layer and the photovoltaic glass panel can be kept, and the light reaching the surface of the reflecting layer is ensured to be reflected efficiently.
Further, the microstructure is formed by directly molding a reflective material.
Further, the reflecting layer comprises a microstructure and a reflecting coating film covered on the upper surface of the microstructure.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the microstructure can reduce the thickness of the reflective film and improve the reflection efficiency; the reflective coating has stable structure, uniform and compact reflective surface and is not easy to fall off.
Further, the thickness t of the EVA layer satisfies the following formula (1.1):
Wherein a is the width of the reflective film; alpha is the included angle between the microstructure reflecting surface and the horizontal plane.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the upper limit value of the thickness of the EVA layer is set to be 0.5mm, so that the stable laying of the photovoltaic module packaging material can be ensured; the lower limit value of the EVA layer thickness can enable light rays irradiated to a gap area between the cell strings to be reflected to the cell for absorption and utilization after being reflected for 1-2 times by the reflecting layer, so that a reflecting path is reduced, and loss in the light ray reflecting process is reduced.
Further, the thickness t of the EVA layer satisfies the following formula (1.2):
Wherein a is the width of the reflective film, a=2-3 mm; α is the angle between the microstructure reflective surface and the horizontal plane, and α=30°.
By adopting the preferable scheme, according to the conventional experimental value of the gaps among the cell strings of the photovoltaic module, the reasonable microstructure reflecting surface angle is adopted, and the optimal EVA layer thickness value in the formula (1.2) is adopted, so that the incident light can reach the surface of the cell after once reflection of the reflecting layer and be absorbed and utilized, the light reflection loss is greatly reduced, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Further, the thickness of the substrate layer is 0.03-0.1mm, the thickness of the reflecting layer is 0.01-0.05mm, and the thickness of the EVA layer is 0.1-0.5mm.
Further, the EVA layer has a thickness of 0.35mm.
By adopting the preferable scheme, under the thickness condition, the solar cell module can be ensured to be applied to most photovoltaic modules, incident light can reach the surface of the cell through primary reflection of the reflecting layer to be absorbed and utilized, the reflecting film does not need to be customized according to the gaps of the cell strings of the photovoltaic modules, the production efficiency is improved, and the production and maintenance cost is reduced.
Further, the microstructure is a micro triangular prism, and the direction of the ridge line of the micro triangular prism is parallel to the length direction of the reflecting film.
Further, the tops of the micro triangular prisms are cut into multi-sharp corner structures with alternate concave-convex surfaces.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the height of the microstructure is reduced, the space is saved, the vertical reflecting surface is also strongly increased, and the incident light with a small incident angle is better utilized.
Further, the microstructure is a microprism, and the ridge line direction of the microprism and the length direction of the reflecting film are arranged at an angle of 15-65 degrees.
Further, one side surface of the microprism is provided with a plurality of W-shaped sharp corner structures.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the W-shaped sharp corner structure is arranged on one side of the main light receiving surface of the microprism, so that the light reflecting area is effectively increased, and the light energy utilization rate is improved.
Further, the microstructure is a micro pyramid.
Further, the micro pyramid rectangular pyramid is of a multi-slope structure, and the inclination angles of the ridge lines are sequentially reduced from bottom to top.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the height of the micro pyramid rectangular pyramid is reduced, the space is saved, the reflecting area is increased, and the efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Further, the microstructure comprises at least one prism, the prism having the following characteristics: the height of the apex of the prism and/or the width of the base of the prism varies periodically.
The height of the top point of the prism and/or the width of the bottom of the prism are periodically changed to form a multi-surface structure, and adjacent surfaces can be in a mirror image structure, so that the whole prism can simultaneously take the reflection of the sunlight in the morning and afternoon, the reflection efficiency of the sunlight in the whole working period is improved, and the defects of the prior art are overcome. In the prior art, the reflecting surface of the flat triangular prism has a fixed and invariable angle relative to the axis of the working plane of the photovoltaic cell assembly, so that the flat triangular prism has higher reflecting efficiency only for sunlight at a certain time.
Further, the height of the apex of the prism varies periodically according to a smooth curve.
Further, the cross section of the prism is one or two or more than two of closed curves formed by combining a plurality of straight line segments with curve segments in triangles, semicircles, trapezoids and polygons.
Further, the width of the bottom of the prism changes along with the change of the height of the prism vertex, when the height of the prism vertex becomes large, the width of the prism bottom synchronously becomes large, and when the height of the prism vertex becomes small, the width of the prism bottom synchronously becomes small.
Further, the change curves of the bottom width of the prism and the height of the prism vertex are sinusoidal.
Further, the curved surface angle phi between the point A at the position with the largest width of the bottom of the prism and the point a at the position with the smallest width is 20-80 degrees, phi is an included angle between a straight line T and a straight line Q, wherein T is a perpendicular line between the point a and the central axis of the prism, and Q is a tangent line between the point a and a bottom curve between the point a and the point A. Phi is preferably 45 deg. -65 deg..
The photovoltaic glass panel comprises a glass body, the lower surface interval of the glass body is provided with the reflecting film, the EVA layer of the reflecting film is attached to the lower surface of the glass body, and the setting position of the reflecting film on the glass body is matched with the string gap between two adjacent battery piece strings in the photovoltaic assembly and the edge gap between the battery piece strings and the frame.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the reflecting film is directly attached to the lower surface of the glass body, so that the convenience of the installation of the reflecting film is improved, the assembly efficiency is improved, the distance between the reflecting film and the glass body is more accurate and controllable, and the reflection efficiency is improved.
The photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic glass panel, an upper packaging layer, a plurality of groups of cell strings, a lower packaging layer, a back plate and a frame, wherein the reflecting film on the lower surface of the photovoltaic glass panel corresponds to the positions of a string gap between two adjacent cell strings and an edge gap between a cell string and the frame.
A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, comprising the steps of:
Step 1: placing attaching jigs on the glass body, attaching a plurality of reflecting films to the glass body, wherein the arrangement positions of the reflecting films on the glass body are matched with the string gaps between two adjacent battery piece strings in the photovoltaic module and the edge gaps between the battery piece strings and the frame, and taking down the attaching jigs after the attaching of the reflecting films is completed to form the photovoltaic glass panel;
Step 2: welding the battery pieces into battery piece strings by adopting a bus belt;
step 3: sequentially paving a photovoltaic glass panel, an upper packaging layer, a battery piece string, a lower packaging layer and a back plate, wherein the battery piece string is correspondingly paved at a position between reflecting films of the photovoltaic glass panel; laminating and curing in a laminating machine;
step 4: trimming the laminated and solidified assembly, and installing a frame.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the assembly efficiency of the reflecting film is higher, the position accuracy is higher, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of one embodiment of a reflective film of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective film of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective film of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principles of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a reflective layer of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a prior art structure;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of one embodiment of a photovoltaic glass panel of the present invention;
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.
Names of the corresponding parts indicated by numerals and letters in the drawings:
1-a reflective film; 11-a substrate layer; 12-a reflective layer; 121-microstructure; 122-reflective coating; 13-EVA layer; 2-a photovoltaic glass panel; 21-a glass body; 3-upper encapsulation layer; 4-battery piece strings; 41 a battery piece; 5-a lower encapsulation layer; 6-backboard; 7-frame.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, there is: the reflecting film 1 comprises a base material layer 11, a reflecting layer 12 and an EVA layer 13 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the reflecting layer 12 is provided with a microstructure which is regularly densely distributed.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the EVA layer 13 is arranged on the upper surface of the reflecting film 1, the EVA layer 13 can facilitate the adhesion of the reflecting film and the photovoltaic glass panel, the installation is convenient, the stable distance between the reflecting layer and the photovoltaic glass panel can be kept, and the light reaching the surface of the reflecting layer is ensured to be reflected efficiently.
In other embodiments of the present invention, as in fig. 2, microstructures 121 are directly molded from light reflecting material.
In other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the reflective layer 12 includes a microstructure 121 and a reflective coating 122 covering an upper surface of the microstructure 121. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the microstructure 121 can reduce the thickness of the reflective film and improve the reflection efficiency; the reflective coating 122 has a stable structure, and the reflective surface is uniform and compact and is not easy to fall off.
In other embodiments of the invention, as shown in figures 1, 4, 5, EVA layer 13
The thickness t of (2) satisfies the following formula (1.1):
wherein a is the width of the reflective film; alpha is the included angle between the microstructure reflecting surface and the horizontal plane. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the upper limit value of the thickness t of the EVA layer is set to be 0.5mm, so that stable laying of the photovoltaic module packaging material can be ensured; the lower limit value of the EVA layer thickness t can enable light rays irradiated to the gap area between the cell strings to be reflected to the cell 41 for absorption and utilization after being reflected for 1-2 times by the reflecting layer, so that the reflecting path is reduced, and the loss in the light ray reflecting process is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5, in other embodiments of the present invention, the thickness t of the EVA layer 13 satisfies the following formula (1.2):
Wherein a is the width of the reflective film, a=2-3 mm; α is the angle between the microstructure reflective surface and the horizontal plane, and α=30°. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: according to the conventional experimental value of the gap between the cell strings of the photovoltaic module, a reasonable microstructure reflecting surface angle is adopted, and the optimal EVA layer thickness value of the formula (1.2) is adopted, so that incident light can reach the surface of the cell 41 after once reflection of the reflecting layer 12 and is absorbed and utilized, the light reflection loss is greatly reduced, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved. Experiments were performed with a photovoltaic module with a maximum power of 270W for 60 cells: the power of the photovoltaic module without the reflective film between the cell strings is 270W; a reflecting film is arranged on the backboard between the cell strings, and the power of the assembly is improved by 2W; the reflective film is lapped at the edge of the battery piece between the battery piece strings, and the power of the assembly is improved by 4-5W; according to the embodiment, the reflecting film with the EVA layer thickness meeting the formula (1.2) is attached to the photovoltaic glass panel, and the power of the assembly is improved by 8W.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the substrate layer 11 is 0.03-0.1mm, the thickness of the reflective layer 12 is 0.01-0.05mm, and the thickness of the EVA layer 13 is 0.1-0.5mm.
In other embodiments of the invention, the EVA layer 13 has a thickness of 0.35mm. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: under the thickness condition, the solar cell module can ensure that the solar cell module is applied to most photovoltaic modules, incident light can reach the surface of the cell piece through primary reflection of the reflecting layer and be absorbed and utilized, the reflecting film does not need to be customized according to the gaps of the cell piece strings of the photovoltaic modules, the production efficiency is improved, and the production and maintenance cost is reduced.
In other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the microstructures 121 are micro triangular prisms, and the direction of the ridge lines of the micro triangular prisms is parallel to the length direction of the reflective film. As shown in fig. 7, the tops of the micro triangular prisms are cut into multi-sharp corner structures with alternate concavities and convexities. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the height of the microstructure 121 is reduced, space is saved, the vertical reflecting surface is also strongly increased, and the incident light rays with small incidence angles are better utilized.
In other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the microstructures 121 are microprisms, the direction of the ridge lines of which are disposed at an angle of 15 ° to 65 ° with respect to the length direction of the reflective film. In fig. 9, one side of the microprism has a plurality of W-shaped sharp-corner structures. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the W-shaped sharp corner structure is arranged on one side of the main light receiving surface of the microprism, so that the light reflecting area is effectively increased, and the light energy utilization rate is improved.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in fig. 10, microstructures 121 are micro-pyramid pyramids. In fig. 11, the micro pyramid square pyramid has a multi-slope structure, and the inclination angles of the ridge lines become smaller from bottom to top, i.e., γ < β < θ. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the height of the micro pyramid and the rectangular pyramid is reduced, the space is saved, the reflecting area is increased, and the efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.
In other embodiments of the present invention, microstructure 121 comprises at least one prism having the following characteristics: the height of the apex of the prism and/or the width of the base of the prism varies periodically. In fig. 12 is an example of a simultaneous periodic variation of the apex height of the prism and the base width of the prism. The invention creatively utilizes the periodical change of the height of the top point of the prism and/or the width of the bottom of the prism to form a multi-surface structure, and the adjacent surfaces can be in a mirror image structure, so that the whole prism can simultaneously take the reflection of the sunlight in the morning and afternoon, the reflection efficiency of the sunlight in the whole working period is improved, and the defects of the prior art are overcome. In the prior art, the reflecting surface of the flat triangular prism has a fixed and invariable angle relative to the axis of the working plane of the photovoltaic cell assembly, so that the flat triangular prism has higher reflecting efficiency only for sunlight at a certain time. While the particle type reflecting microstructure, such as a triangular pyramid, can be used for aligning sunlight on two sides of the triangular pyramid, and reflecting the sunlight in the morning and afternoon is considered, the blank areas among particles are more, the effect of preventing the reflecting efficiency is achieved, and the processing difficulty of the microstructure is high, the cost is high, and the industrial application is not facilitated. However, for the improvement of the light utilization efficiency, as shown in fig. 14, the invention patent with publication No. US20160172518A1 by the well-known company 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY has never been stopped, and the proposal is that the original triangular prism is changed into a form similar to a half cylinder, the plane reflection surface of the original triangular prism is changed into an arc surface, and the single reflection angle is changed into multiple reflection angles in the vertical direction with the long axis of the reflection microstructure, but the reflection angle is not changed in the non-vertical direction, because the cross section of any part of the reflection microstructure is consistent as in other prior arts. Other prior art techniques are also mostly similar fine tuning and exploration of applications at different locations in the photovoltaic cell assembly. It can be seen that, while being bound by the prior art ideas, every small change requires a laborious effort, not seemingly thought to be easy to think, which is probably clear from the technical development trails of patent applications in this field. Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress.
In some embodiments, the height of the apices of the prisms varies periodically in accordance with a smooth curve. Thus, the processing speed is improved, the reflection angle of the light is richer, and the coverage range of the reflected light is improved.
In practical application, the cross section of the prism is one or two or more than two of closed curves formed by combining a plurality of straight line segments with curve segments in triangles, semicircles, trapezoids and polygons.
Preferably, the width of the bottom of the prism changes along with the change of the height of the prism vertex, when the height of the prism vertex becomes larger, the width of the prism bottom synchronously becomes larger, and when the height of the prism vertex becomes smaller, the width of the prism bottom synchronously becomes smaller.
In one specific example, the variation curves of the bottom width of the prism and the height of the prism vertex are sinusoidal.
As shown in fig. 13, in order to achieve the sunlight reflection efficiency in different areas and in the afternoon, the curved surface angle phi between the point a at the maximum width of the bottom of the prism and the point a at the minimum width is 20 ° -80 °, phi is the included angle between the straight line T and the straight line Q, wherein T is the perpendicular line between the point a and the central axis of the prism, and Q is the tangent line between the point a and the bottom curve between the point a and the point a. Phi is preferably 45 deg. -65 deg.. I.e. the included angle phi shown in fig. 13, may be the most efficient in a certain area for reflecting sunlight, for example, when phi is 20 deg. or 45 deg. or 50 deg. or 65 deg. or 80 deg., then we can control conveniently by the rotation speed or advancing speed of the die during processing, and the strokes and speeds of the cutter feeding and retracting, and can also obtain further adjustment on the shape change of the cutter as required. Therefore, the curved surface change of the reflecting surface is easy to control, adjust and process, and is suitable for large-scale production. According to the solar energy reflection device, the solar energy reflection device is convenient to adjust for the application of areas with different dimensions, and the reflection area for reflecting the solar energy is improved by multi-angle reflection besides the solar energy reflection efficiency of the periodically-changed mirror curved surface in different periods of the afternoon, so that the reflected light cannot intensively irradiate on the limited band-shaped area on the battery piece. As a general option, 45 ° or 65 ° may be chosen.
In practice, the cross-section of the prism may be chosen to be triangular, the apex angle of which is 1-150 °, preferably in the range 110 ° -130 °, most preferably 120 °.
In practice, the width of the base of the prism is between 1 and 150 μm, preferably between 40 and 60 μm, at its widest point. Such as 40 μm, 50 μm or 60 μm.
As shown in fig. 15, the photovoltaic glass panel 2 comprises a glass body 21, wherein a reflective film 1 is arranged on the lower surface of the glass body 21 at intervals, an EVA layer 13 of the reflective film 1 is attached to the lower surface of the glass body 21, and the arrangement position of the reflective film 1 on the glass body 21 is matched with the string gap between two adjacent battery strings in the photovoltaic module and the edge gap between the battery strings and the frame. The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the reflection film 1 is directly attached to the lower surface of the glass body 21, so that the convenience of installation of the reflection film 1 is improved, the assembly efficiency is improved, the distance between the reflection film 1 and the glass body 21 is more accurate and controllable, and the reflection efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 16, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic glass panel 2, an upper encapsulation layer 3, a plurality of groups of cell strings 4, a lower encapsulation layer 5, a back plate 6 and a frame 7, and the reflective film 1 on the lower surface of the photovoltaic glass panel 2 corresponds to the positions of the string gaps between two adjacent cell strings 4 and the edge gaps between the cell strings 4 and the frame 7.
A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, comprising the steps of:
Step 1: placing attaching jigs on the glass body 21, attaching a plurality of reflecting films 1 to the lower surface of the glass body 21, wherein the arrangement positions of the reflecting films 1 on the glass body 21 are matched with the string gaps between two adjacent battery piece strings 4 and the edge gaps between the battery piece strings 4 and the frame 7 in the photovoltaic module, and taking down the attaching jigs after the attaching of the reflecting films 1 is completed to form the photovoltaic glass panel;
step 2: welding the battery pieces into a battery piece string 4 by adopting a bus bar;
Step 3: sequentially paving the photovoltaic glass panel 2, the upper packaging layer 3, the battery piece strings 4, the lower packaging layer 5 and the backboard 6, wherein the battery piece strings 4 are correspondingly paved at positions among the photovoltaic glass panel reflecting films 1; laminating and curing in a laminating machine;
step 4: trimming the laminated and solidified assembly, and installing a frame.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the assembly efficiency of the reflecting film is higher, the position accuracy is higher, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, but not limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The reflective film is characterized by comprising a substrate layer, a reflective layer and an EVA layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the reflective layer is provided with a regularly densely distributed microstructure; wherein,
The microstructure comprises at least one prism having the following characteristics: the height of the apex of the prism and/or the width of the base of the prism varies periodically; and wherein the first and second heat sinks are disposed,
The EVA layer is attached to the lower surface of the glass body of the photovoltaic glass panel at intervals, and the arrangement position of the reflecting film on the glass body is matched with the string gap between two adjacent battery piece strings and the edge gap between the battery piece strings and the frame in the photovoltaic assembly;
The thickness t of the EVA layer satisfies the following formula (1.1):
equation (1.1);
Wherein a is the width of the reflective film; alpha is the included angle between the microstructure reflecting surface and the horizontal plane.
2. The reflective film of claim 1 wherein said microstructures are directly molded from a light reflecting material.
3. The reflective film of claim 1 wherein said reflective layer comprises a microstructure and a light reflective coating overlying an upper surface of the microstructure.
4. The reflective film of claim 1, wherein the EVA layer has a thickness t that satisfies the following formula (1.2):
Equation (1.2);
Wherein a is the width of the reflective film, a=2-3 mm; α is the angle between the microstructure reflective surface and the horizontal plane, and α=30°.
5. The reflective film of claim 1 wherein said substrate layer has a thickness of 0.03-0.1mm, said reflective layer has a thickness of 0.01-0.05mm, and said EVA layer has a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm.
6. The reflective film of claim 1, wherein,
The microstructure is a micro triangular prism, and the direction of the ridge line of the micro triangular prism is parallel to the length direction of the reflecting film;
Or the microstructure is a micro prism, and the ridge line direction of the micro prism and the length direction of the reflecting film are arranged at an angle of 15-65 degrees;
Or the microstructure is a micro pyramid quadrangular pyramid.
7. The photovoltaic glass panel comprises a glass body and is characterized in that the reflecting film according to any one of claims 1-6 is arranged on the lower surface of the glass body at intervals, an EVA layer of the reflecting film is attached to the lower surface of the glass body, and the arrangement position of the reflecting film on the glass body is matched with a string gap between two adjacent battery piece strings in the photovoltaic assembly and an edge gap between a battery piece string and a frame.
8. The photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the photovoltaic glass panel, an upper packaging layer, a plurality of groups of cell strings, a lower packaging layer, a back plate and a frame, wherein the reflecting film on the lower surface of the photovoltaic glass panel corresponds to the positions of a string gap between two adjacent cell strings and an edge gap between a cell string and the frame.
9. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, comprising the steps of:
step 1: placing a bonding jig on a glass body, bonding a plurality of reflective films according to any one of claims 1-6 on the glass body, wherein the arrangement positions of the reflective films on the glass body are matched with the string gaps between two adjacent battery piece strings and the edge gaps between the battery piece strings and the frame in the photovoltaic assembly, and removing the bonding jig after the reflective films are bonded to form a photovoltaic glass panel;
Step 2: welding the battery pieces into battery piece strings by adopting a bus belt;
step 3: sequentially paving a photovoltaic glass panel, an upper packaging layer, a battery piece string, a lower packaging layer and a back plate, wherein the battery piece string is correspondingly paved at a position between reflecting films of the photovoltaic glass panel; laminating and curing in a laminating machine;
step 4: trimming the laminated and solidified assembly, and installing a frame.
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| EP3667738A1 (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-17 | BASF Coatings GmbH | Photovoltaic module |
| CN110085698A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-02 | 肇庆东洋铝业有限公司 | Optical reflection film and photovoltaic cell component |
| CN110112246A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-09 | 肇庆东洋铝业有限公司 | Photovoltaic cell gap reflective membrane and photovoltaic cell component |
| CN110444623B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2024-03-08 | 东莞南玻太阳能玻璃有限公司 | Solar cover plate glass with anti-dazzle pattern structure |
| CN111180539B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2023-05-23 | 常州时创能源股份有限公司 | Method for improving power generation capacity of solar cell module and square matrix |
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