CN108550174A - A kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping and system based on half global optimization - Google Patents
A kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping and system based on half global optimization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a coastline Super-resolution Mapping and system based on half global optimization.The method includes mainly：It obtains initial coastline image and refers to image, carry out image preprocessing and image co-registration and Image registration, the grey scale change of the variation tendency of whole seashore line morphology and initial coastline periphery is combined, coastline change control point is extracted, it be used in combination that initial coastline is divided into several seashore line segments；In each section, in the neighborhood window of coastline, sub-pixed mapping positioning result is obtained, and combine the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix of all the points in same section, be fitted to a smooth curved section；All curved sections are combined as complete coastline vector result, the superresolution mapping in coastline is completed；The present invention proposes a kind of sub-pixed mapping localization method based on regional area and adapts to the shoreline environment of higher curvature, and positioning accuracy is high, is adapted to the coastline of different curvature, improves the accuracy of result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coastline image processing fields, are related to a kind of coastline super-resolution based on half global optimization
Drafting method and system.
Background technology
Coastline is the line of demarcation of flood and field, is one of most important 27 kinds of topographical features.Coastline by it is natural because
The influence of element and human factor, produces the variation of form and property.Extra large hydrodynamism (including Tides And Tidal Currents etc.), geology
The variation for the natural conditions such as sea level rise caused by meteorological disaster, climate warming cause seashore become silted up into, erosion move back；The mankind enclose and cultivate,
The movable influence of the mankind such as marine reclamation land, ocean engineering, the trend and length in coastline while causing shoreline types to change
Also apparent change has occurred.
Therefore, coast lining and variation detection have been Coastal erosion monitoring, coastal zone resources management, coastal area environment
The basic work of protection and coastal area sustainable development.China's marine resources are abundant, and coastline producing level is high, research
The quick and precisely extraction in coastline have littoral zone comprehensive plan and government using China, resource rational exploitation and utilization, for me
The society of state, economy have important practical significance with natural sustainable development.The main method of tidal saltmarsh has image
Dividing method and edge detection method.Image partition method is that image data is divided into foreground and background two parts, intersection
The coastline as extracted.
Image segmentation algorithm has very much, and coastline (Cerimele et are such as extracted from SAR image using Level Set Models
al. 2009；Ouyang,Chong,and Wu.2010；Shu,Li,and Gomes.2010)；Based on geometry active contour model
Extract coastline (Niedermeier, Romaneessen, and Lehner.2000；Xing,Fu,and Zhou.2012；
Zhang et al. 2013)；Coastline is extracted from high resolution image in conjunction with image partition method and image local feature
(Di et al.2003；Liu et al.2011)；It is integrated with supervision and unsupervised sorting technique is used for tidal saltmarsh
(Sekovski et al.2014)。
Edge detection method is to extract seashore by searching for energy intensity (brightness) discontinuity between adjacent pixel
Line (Buono et al.2014；Fugura,Billa,and Pradhan 2011；Zhang et al.2013b).
Other methods include that coastline (Puissant et are extracted from high resolution image using mathematical morphology
al.2008)；Based on photogrammetric technology, coastline (Lira et are extracted using digital aerial photograph and digital orthoimage
al.2016)；And the automatic detection coastline (Valentini.2017) based on remote sensing video system.
Up to the present, most research is all the best approach for finding a determining seashore line position.Due to most
Counting method is all based on Hard clustering, therefore coastline only has the positioning accuracy of pixel grade, cannot meet the need of available accuracy
It asks.Some scholars extract coastline using high-resolution remote sensing image, although high-precision coastline can be obtained, it is high
Expensive price cannot be satisfied the extraction in a wide range of coastline in actual demand.Therefore low resolution remote sensing in a kind of utilization is needed
The method in Extraction of Image high-precision coastline.With the development of image processing techniques, especially sub-pixed mapping positioning and super-resolution
The development of reconstruction technique, some scholars are used in the tidal saltmarsh of middle low resolution remote sensing image, make the seashore of extraction
Line has higher precision.
As a result Foody et al. (2005) is presented from the neural classifier in the simulation Landsat image quideds coastline of degeneration
Sub-pixed mapping scale coastline and RMSE be 2.25 meters.Pardo-Pascual et al. (2012) proposes a kind of automatic side
Method extracts the coastline of sub-pixed mapping precision from Landsat TM and ETM+, the RMSE of the seashore line position m from 4.69 to 5.47.
Due to natural seabeach time to time change, Almonacid-Caballer et al. (2016) applications are extracted from Landsat images
Annual seashore line position come the coastline that is greatly reduced the short term variations in coastline, and extracts deviate sea about 4 to
5 meters.
These methods are often complicated in practical applications and are difficult to realize, and have certain limitation, such as by
The influence of bank suspension bed sediment can not adapt to the shoreline environment of higher curvature, can not remove the influence etc. of vessel at anchor.
Most methods are all based on Hard clustering, therefore coastline only has the positioning accuracy of pixel grade, cannot meet reality
The demand of border precision.In the method for pixel grade tidal saltmarsh, image segmentation algorithm is when extracting coastline, in order to ensure
Extraction accuracy needs more post-processing steps to determine boundary pixel and threshold size；Algorithm of region growing must take into consideration very
Multi-standard and threshold value, including division, merging and starting point selection；Defect based on edge detection method is that these methods generate
Line of discontinuity cannot represent coastline well.Some scholars extract coastline using high-resolution remote sensing image, although can obtain
To high-precision coastline, but its expensive price cannot be satisfied the extraction in a wide range of coastline in actual demand.Therefore it needs
The method for wanting low resolution remote sensing image extraction high-precision coastline in a kind of utilization.And neural classifier is in practical applications
It is often complicated and be difficult to realize, and there is certain limitation, for example influenced by bank suspension bed sediment, it can not adapt to
The shoreline environment of higher curvature can not remove the influence etc. of vessel at anchor.
Invention content
The shortcomings that for prior art problem and deficiency, it is super that the present invention provides a kind of coastlines based on half global optimization
Resolution ratio drafting method and system, positioning accuracy is not high for solving, and the technology that can not adapt to the shoreline environment of higher curvature is asked
Topic.The method mainly includes the following steps：
S1,8 land imager images of Landsat and GF-2 are obtained with reference to image, 8 land Landsat is imaged respectively
Instrument image and GF-2 carry out image preprocessing with reference to image, obtain 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat, 8 fusion evaluations pair of Landsat
The water body index gray-scale map and GF-2 fusion evaluations answered；
S2, using GF-2 fusion evaluations as image is referred to, carried out with reference to image and 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat to described
Registration is obtained with reference to the offset parameter between 8 fusion evaluation of image and Landsat；
S3, pixel grade tidal saltmarsh is carried out to the water body index gray-scale map, obtains initial coastline；To referring to image
Tidal saltmarsh is carried out, obtains and refers to coastline；
S4, coastline change Control point extraction is carried out to the initial coastline, obtains initial coastline change control point,
The initial coastline is segmented by initial coastline change control point, obtains several sections of segmentation coastlines；
S5, the positioning of the sub-pixed mapping based on regional area is carried out to each pixel point in each section of coastline, obtain every
The sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix each put in one section of coastline；By the offset parameter described in step S2 to the sub-pixed mapping of each point
The elements of a fix carry out bias correcting；
S6, coastline minimum is carried out to the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix that the bias correcting of all the points in same section of coastline is crossed
Two multiply fitting, are fitted to a smooth curved section；All curved sections are combined to obtain complete coastline arrow
Amount is as a result, complete the superresolution mapping in coastline.
In a kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping based on half global optimization of the present invention, further include：It calculates separately
Position between the coastline sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix and reference coastline, between coastline vector result and reference coastline
Set error and analytical error result.
In a kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping based on half global optimization of the present invention, it is based on described in step S5
The sub-pixed mapping positioning of regional area comprises the steps of：
S51, the edge direction for calculating each pixel point in each section of initial coastline, according to different edges
Direction determines the different neighborhood window of each pixel point of initial coastline；
S52, by fitting function, the field window edge is described as a curve, the parameter of digital simulation function,
Determine the coordinate of the sub-pixed mapping anchor point of regional area.
In a kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping based on half global optimization of the present invention, seashore described in step S6
Line least square fitting comprises the steps of：
S61, it detects and extracts the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix on each section of coastline；
S62, the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix are divided into different point sets, to same point concentrate the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix into
Row least square fitting obtains sub-pixed mapping grade coastline.
Preferably, the coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization that the present invention also provides a kind of, including such as
Lower module：
Image preprocessing image co-registration module refers to image for obtaining 8 land imager images of Landsat and GF-2,
Image preprocessing is carried out with reference to image to 8 land imager images of Landsat and GF-2 respectively, Landsat 8 is obtained and merges
The corresponding water body index gray-scale map of image, 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat and GF-2 fusion evaluations；
Image registration module, for using GF-2 fusion evaluations as image is referred to, image and Landsat to be referred to described
8 fusion evaluations are registrated, and are obtained with reference to the offset parameter between 8 fusion evaluation of image and Landsat；
Tidal saltmarsh module obtains initial for carrying out pixel grade tidal saltmarsh to the water body index gray-scale map
Coastline；To carrying out tidal saltmarsh with reference to image, obtains and refer to coastline；
Coastline change Control point extraction is obtained for carrying out coastline change Control point extraction to the initial coastline
Initial coastline change control point is obtained, the initial coastline is segmented by initial coastline change control point, is obtained several
Section segmentation coastline；
Sub-pixed mapping locating module, for carrying out the Asia based on regional area to each pixel point in each section of coastline
Pixel location obtains the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix each put in each section of coastline；Pass through the offset described in Image registration module
Parameter carries out bias correcting to the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix of each point；
Anchor point fitting module, the sub-pixed mapping crossed for the bias correcting to all the points in same section of coastline position seat
Mark carries out coastline least square fitting, is fitted to a smooth curved section；All curved sections are combined
To complete coastline vector result, the superresolution mapping in coastline is completed.
Further include error analysis mould in a kind of coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization of the present invention
Block：For calculate separately the coastline sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix and with reference between coastline, coastline vector result and reference
Site error between coastline and analytical error result.
In a kind of coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization of the present invention, in sub-pixed mapping locating module
The sub-pixed mapping positioning based on regional area is comprising with lower module：
Neighborhood window determining module, the edge side for calculating each pixel point in described each section initial coastline
To determining the different neighborhood window of each pixel point of initial coastline according to different edge directions；
Sub-pixed mapping anchor point coordinate obtaining module, for by fitting function, the field window edge to be described as one
A curve, the parameter of digital simulation function determine the coordinate of the sub-pixed mapping anchor point of regional area.
In a kind of coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization of the present invention, in anchor point fitting module
The coastline least square fitting includes with lower module：
Sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix module is extracted, is sat for detecting and extracting the positioning of the sub-pixed mapping on each section of coastline
Mark；
Sub-pixed mapping grade coastline acquisition module, for the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix to be divided into different point sets, to same
The sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix that point is concentrated carry out least square fitting, obtain sub-pixed mapping grade coastline.
The present invention proposes a kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping and system based on half global optimization, obtains initial
Coastline image carries out image preprocessing and image co-registration and Image registration, by the change of whole seashore line morphology with reference to image
Change trend and the grey scale change on initial coastline periphery are combined, and extract coastline change control point, are used in combination it will initial sea
Water front is divided into several seashore line segments；In each section, in the neighborhood window of coastline, sub-pixed mapping positioning result is obtained, and combine
The sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix of all the points in same section, are fitted to a smooth curved section；The combination of all curved sections is existed
It is together complete coastline vector result, completes the superresolution mapping in coastline；The present invention proposes a kind of based on office
The sub-pixed mapping localization method in portion region and the shoreline environment for adapting to higher curvature, positioning accuracy is high, is adapted to different curvature
Coastline, improve the accuracy of result.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is 1 striograph of test block of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is 2 striograph of test block of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the initial tidal saltmarsh figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is coastline of embodiment of the present invention Inflexion extracting schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is sub-pixed mapping positioning result figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is piecewise fitting figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is 1 result figure of test block of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is 2 result figure of test block of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and example, to this
Invention is further elaborated.
The present invention proposes a kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping and system based on half global optimization, the method
Entire flow figure is shown in that Fig. 1, survey region of the embodiment of the present invention are divided into two large divisions：Prince wife Cao pasture port and Xiamen-Quanzhou periphery are coastal
Region.Prince wife Cao pasture port is located at 118.5 ° of E, near 39 ° of N, adjoins Chinese Jing-jin-ji region group of cities, is the important Ore Transportation of China
One of harbour.Cao Feidian is in the past a sand island, becomes harbour after manually building, therefore its main water front type is behaved
Work seashore, seashore line position is steady in a long-term, is not changed for many years.Xiamen-Quanzhou periphery test block is located at 118 ° of E -118.5 ° of E
Between 24.35 ° of N-24.6 ° of N, close to the Taiwan Straits, Xiamen is international economy and the important port of cultural exchanges.With the world
Increasingly closely contact, pushed the coastal development in Xiamen and Quanzhou periphery, cause in recent decades coastline status become rapidly
Change.The shoreline types in Xiamen and Quanzhou periphery mainly have rocky coast, artificial seashore and flat sandbank.
In inventive embodiments research, all experiment images are downloaded from USGS databases, and image is by the lands Landsat8
Ground imager sensor obtains.The land Landsat-8 imager image uses WGS84 ellipsoid models, using Transverse Mercator
(UTM) it projects, the detail parameters of the land Landsat-8 imager image are as shown in table 1.Table 1 summarizes each date, each
The error statistics (mean error, standard deviation) of Experimental Area and each data type.Mean error is by all errors
Obtained from carrying out averagely, because all errors are all by calculating from final coastline point to the distance with reference to coastline
Absolute value and obtain, so using mean error come explain to reference to coastline variance level.Standard deviation (STDEV)
Indicate the variability around mean error.
1 land Landsat-8 imager parameter list of table
Prince wife Cao pasture port is located in -033 row block of 122 row, we are to the region shadow of 12 width during 2013 to 2016
As being handled, the artificial coastline that three possess different water and soil distributions is had chosen from every width image and is used as test block 1, use
In determining the best band combination mode of noise immunity, as shown in Figure 2.Xiamen-Quanzhou periphery coastal region is arranged from 119 rows -043
It is obtained in block, the image capturing date is the morning on October 13rd, 2,015 2 points 33 minutes (UTC), and choosing 5 pieces from image has
The coastline of different curvature is used for the universality of verification algorithm as shown in Figure 3.
In addition, covering the reference coastline of survey region using No. 2 Optical remote satellite (GF-2) Extraction of Image of high score, such as
Shown in figure.No. two satellites of high score succeeded in sending up on the 19th in August in 2014, were that first spatial resolution of China is civilian better than 1 meter
Optical remote satellite, panchromatic, 4 meters of multispectral cameras equipped with two 1 meter of high-resolution have sub-meter grade spatial resolution, height
The features such as positioning accuracy and rapid attitude maneuver ability.Because three test blocks are artificial coastline in the port of prince wife Cao pasture, and position
It sets steadily in the long term, is not influenced by tide, therefore use the GF-2 images of the acquisition of on May 31st, 2015 to be used as and refer to image.
And there are sandbank and rocky coasts in Xiamen-Quanzhou periphery coastal region, are easily influenced by tide, therefore choose close to real
No. 2 images of high score for testing area's acquisition time are used as with reference to image, to eliminate or reduce influence of the tide to result precision.Due to
The spatial resolution of No. 2 images of high score is 1 meter/pixel, so the estimation of uncertainty of coastline reference position is ± 1.5 meters.
Table 1 lists the more information in relation to GF-2 images.
1. image preprocessing.Because of reasons such as sensor itself, air, landform, remote sensing satellite is in data acquisition
Error is will produce, picture quality is influenced by error, to influence the precision of images, it is therefore desirable to right respectively before experiment
8 OLI of Landsat experiment images and GF-2 carry out image preprocessing with reference to image.It is included first with GF-2 image datas
RPC parameters, ortho-rectification is carried out to GF-2 images multispectral data and full-colored data respectively.Just due to high-resolution data
Multispectral and full-colored data geographic registration is preferable after penetrating correction, therefore need not carry out image registration again, directly uses Nearest
Neighbor Diffusion (NNDiffuse) pan sharpening algorithms carry out image co-registration to No. GF-2 with reference to image,
No. GF-2 spatial resolution with reference to image is 1m after fusion.Nearest Neighbor Diffusion are used again
(NNDiffuse) pan sharpening algorithms carry out image co-registration to Landsat 8 OLI experiment images, after fusion
The spatial resolution of Landsat 8 OLI experiment images is 15m.The smaller sampling interval can be in the coastline of equal length
It is upper to obtain more pixels, more preliminary coastline pixels be conducive to gradient calculating and sub-pixed mapping positioning result it is accurate
Property, because neighborhood window area is smaller, more meets atural object and close on principle.Then, by radiation calibration parameter to Landsat
8 OLI test image and carry out radiation calibration, obtain radiance Value Data.Recycle FLAASH models to radiance value number
According to atmospheric correction (carrying out quick atmospheric correction to Landsat 8 OLI experiment images) is carried out, atmospheric scattering is eliminated to spectrum
It influences.
The present invention makes full use of the spectral signature of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data, calculates separately normalization difference water body index
(NDWI) and improved normalized difference water body index (MNDWI), expression are shown in formula 1, formula 2.Both water bodys refer to
Number can inhibit picture noise, and its image histogram is bimodal histogram, meets the original hypothesis of subsequent algorithm.
Influence in view of bank suspension bed sediment to result selects short-wave infrared (SWIR) wave band as another initial image, because
Short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelength is longer, can penetrate suspension bed sediment.It is consistent that these, which select the author of research similar with other,
's.
NDWI=(p (Green)-p (NIR))/(p (Green)+p (NIR)) (formula 1)
MNDWI=(p (Green)-p (MIR))/(p (Green)+p (MIR)) (formula 2)
2. Image registration.Calculate the geometry between 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat and GF-2 fusion evaluations (referring to image)
Displacement.Since 8 images of Landsat and the image resolution of GF-2 fusion evaluations (referring to image) differ, select
Sift algorithms with scale invariability carry out image registration, to obtain the geometry between 8 images of Landsat and reference image
Displacement (dx, dy).
3. tidal saltmarsh.Extraction schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 4, since water and soil are different in the spectral response of different-waveband, three
Bimodality is presented in the histogram of kind different-waveband combination image, meets the original hypothesis of OTSU algorithms, therefore the present invention is using most
Big Ostu method (OTSU) carries out image segmentation.Original image is divided into foreground by OTSU algorithms by calculating optimal threshold
With background two parts.Assuming that threshold value is T, then optimal threshold T* can be obtained by following algorithm：
W0=N0/(N0+N1)
W1=N1/(N0+N1)
W0+W1=1
U=W0*U0+W1*U1
G=W0*(U0-U)2+W1*(U1-U)2
Wherein pixel number of the pixel gray value less than threshold value T is N0, pixel number of the pixel gray scale more than threshold value T is N1,
W0Image scaled, U are accounted for for foreground pixel number0For foreground average gray, W1Image scaled, U are accounted for for backdrop pels number1For the back of the body
Scape average gray, U are whole figure average gray, and G is inter-class variance.
When inter-class variance G maximums, threshold value T at this time is optimal threshold T*.Because between the class between background and foreground
Variance is bigger, illustrates that the two-part difference for constituting image is bigger, foreground mistake is divided into background when part or part background mistake is divided into
Foreground all can cause two parts difference to become smaller.Therefore, the maximum optimal threshold T* of inter-class variance is allow to obtain misclassification probability most
Small image segmentation result.
Then, segmentation result is handled using region growing algorithm and morphological dilation filter, by land and waters
In " impurity " remove, finally obtain a series of pixels for indicating initial seashore line positions.
4. coastline change Control point extraction.Coastline change Control point extraction is carried out to initial coastline, is obtained initial
The initial coastline is segmented by initial coastline change control point, obtains several sections of segmentations by coastline change control point
Coastline.It is to utilize Harris Corner Detection Algorithms to extract initial coastline change control point, that is, initial coastline in calculating 3
The Harris responses R of each upper pixel；By the screening that threshold determination and neighborhood inhibit, and combine initial coastline
Configuration selects the local maximum in R, as the variation control point on the initial coastline.It is rung due to calculating Harris
Should value R when, pixel is calculated successively by connection relation in initial coastline, therefore the variation control point position obtained also presses connection
Relationship stores successively.Coastline change Control point extraction schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 5.
5. sub-pixed mapping positions and bias correction.On the basis of 4, to the initial seashore point in each section of segmentation coastline
(pixel grade) carries out sub-pixed mapping positioning.Sub-pixed mapping location algorithm based on neighborhood pixel gray scale is based on a hypothesis：According to neighbour
The gray value of nearly principle, each pixel is weighted by the gray value of different objects in pixel, and same object between adjacent pixel
Maximum probability.Only there are two types of atural object-land and water bodys around preliminary coastline pixel, so one can consider that every
The gray value of a preliminary coastline pixel is weighted by adjacent pure pixel.Therefore, sub-pixed mapping location algorithm is divided into two ranks
Section-determines neighborhood window size and calculates sub-pixed mapping coordinate position.Sub-pixed mapping positioning result is shown in Fig. 6.
The selection of window size needs to meet a precondition, i.e., on the basis of not violating neighbouring principle, ensures quasi-
Closing curve can enter from the side of neighborhood window, be pierced by from the other side.Therefore, in the water route binary map base of initial image segmentation
On plinth, the edge direction of each initial coastline pixel is calculated, initial coastline pixel is given according to different edge directions
Different neighborhood windows.When edge direction absolute value is less than or equal to 1,5 × 3 neighborhood window is used；When edge direction is absolute
When value is more than 1,3 × 5 neighborhood window is used.
After the confirmation of neighborhood window, sub-pixed mapping coordinate position is calculated.We are by fitting function, by the side in the window of field
Boundary is described as a curve, by calculating the parameter of fitting function, to determine the coordinate position of sub-pixed mapping anchor point.Based on 2
The middle geometric displacement (dx, dy) calculated between 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat and reference image, to sub-pixed mapping coastline anchor point
Geographical coordinate carry out error correction.
6. anchor point is fitted.Since most of coastline is substantially one flat in addition to angle point (coastline change control point)
Sliding line segment, therefore the secondary quasi- of least square method can be carried out to the sub-pixed mapping grade anchor point in each section of segmentation coastline
It closes, (the positioning result under sub-pixed mapping grade scale is corrected using the coastline configuration under pixel grade scale).It will
The sub-pixed mapping anchor point extracted in each section of segmentation coastline in 5 is considered as a point set, therefore one can consider that the same point
Then the not big variation of curvature between sub-pixed mapping anchor point in collection carries out most the sub-pixed mapping anchor point in same point set
Small two multiply fitting, and piecewise fitting schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 7.Adjacent segments junction setting connectivity is constrained, and carries out round and smooth place
Reason obtains a complete continuous sub-pixed mapping grade coastline, realizes superresolution mapping.1 result of test block is shown in Fig. 8, experiment
2 result of area is shown in Fig. 9.
7. error analysis.It calculates separately between the coastline sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix and reference coastline, coastline is sweared
Measure result and with reference to the site error and analytical error result between coastline.Error analysis the results are shown in Table shown in 2 and table 3.
2 error statistics of table
3 error statistics of table
Table 2 summarizes each date, error statistics (mean error, the standard of each Experimental Area and each data type
Deviation).Mean error is as obtained from being averaged to all errors, because all errors are all by calculating from most
Whole coastline point is obtained to the absolute value with reference to the distance in coastline, so being explained to reference to sea using mean error
The variance level of water front.Standard deviation (STDEV) indicates the variability around mean error.
As can be known from Table 3, the sub-pixed mapping location algorithm for domain gray scale being faced based on part effectively raises tidal saltmarsh
Precision, average error value is between 3.15 and 5.87, and 1.07 to 2.06, positioning accuracy improves amplitude and exists standard deviation
Between 30%~60%.Compare the sub-pixed mapping coastline precision of three kinds of different band combinations (selection).Obviously, with MNDWI numbers
According to obtained coastline precision highest, total average error value is minimum, and in different fields, most of mean errors are also most
It is small.This shows that MNDWI is the water body index of specific best noise immunity.Binding experiment area 1 and test block 2 as a result, the present invention carries
What is gone out has good universality based on half global Super-resolution Mapping, adapts to different curvature coastline.
The embodiment of the present invention is described with above attached drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, if can also make
Dry improvement and deformation, all of these belong to the protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping based on half global optimization, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1,8 land imager images of Landsat and GF-2 are obtained with reference to image, respectively to 8 land imager shadows of Landsat
Picture and GF-2 carry out image preprocessing with reference to image, and it is corresponding to obtain 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat, 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat
Water body index gray-scale map and GF-2 fusion evaluations；
S2, using GF-2 fusion evaluations as image is referred to, match with reference to image and 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat to described
Standard is obtained with reference to the offset parameter between 8 fusion evaluation of image and Landsat；
S3, pixel grade tidal saltmarsh is carried out to the water body index gray-scale map, obtains initial coastline；To being carried out with reference to image
Tidal saltmarsh obtains and refers to coastline；
S4, coastline change Control point extraction is carried out to the initial coastline, obtains initial coastline change control point, passes through
The initial coastline is segmented by initial coastline change control point, obtains several sections of segmentation coastlines；
S5, the positioning of the sub-pixed mapping based on regional area is carried out to each pixel point in each section of coastline, obtain each section
The sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix each put in coastline；The sub-pixed mapping of each point is positioned by the offset parameter described in step S2 and is sat
Mark carries out bias correcting；
S6, coastline least square is carried out to the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix that the bias correcting of all the points in same section of coastline is crossed
Fitting, is fitted to a smooth curved section；All curved sections are combined to obtain complete seashore line vector knot
Fruit completes the superresolution mapping in coastline.
2. a kind of coastline Super-resolution Mapping based on half global optimization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Further include：Calculate separately the coastline sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix and with reference between coastline, coastline vector result and reference
Site error between coastline and analytical error result.
3. the coastline Super-resolution Mapping based on half global optimization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Sub-pixed mapping positioning based on regional area described in S5 comprises the steps of：
S51, the edge direction for calculating each pixel point in each section of initial coastline, according to different edge directions
Determine the different neighborhood window of each pixel point of initial coastline；
S52, by fitting function, the field window edge is described as a curve, the parameter of digital simulation function determines
The coordinate of the sub-pixed mapping anchor point of regional area.
4. the coastline Super-resolution Mapping based on half global optimization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Coastline least square fitting described in S6 comprises the steps of：
S61, it detects and extracts the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix on each section of coastline；
S62, the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix are divided into different point sets, the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix that same point is concentrated is carried out most
Small two multiply fitting, obtain sub-pixed mapping grade coastline.
5. a kind of coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization, which is characterized in that including following module：
Image preprocessing image co-registration module refers to image, respectively for obtaining 8 land imager images of Landsat and GF-2
Image preprocessing is carried out with reference to image to 8 land imager images of Landsat and GF-2, obtain 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat,
The corresponding water body index gray-scale map of 8 fusion evaluations of Landsat and GF-2 fusion evaluations；
Image registration module, for using GF-2 fusion evaluations as image is referred to, melting with reference to image and Landsat 8 to described
Group photo is obtained as being registrated with reference to the offset parameter between 8 fusion evaluation of image and Landsat；
Tidal saltmarsh module obtains initial seashore for carrying out pixel grade tidal saltmarsh to the water body index gray-scale map
Line；To carrying out tidal saltmarsh with reference to image, obtains and refer to coastline；
Coastline change Control point extraction obtains just for carrying out coastline change Control point extraction to the initial coastline
The initial coastline is segmented by initial coastline change control point, obtains several sections points by beginning coastline change control point
Section coastline；
Sub-pixed mapping locating module, for carrying out the sub-pixed mapping based on regional area to each pixel point in each section of coastline
Positioning obtains the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix each put in each section of coastline；Pass through the offset parameter described in Image registration module
Bias correcting is carried out to the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix of each point；
Anchor point fitting module, the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix crossed for the bias correcting to all the points in same section of coastline into
Row coastline least square fitting is fitted to a smooth curved section；All curved sections are combined to have obtained
Whole coastline vector result, completes the superresolution mapping in coastline.
6. a kind of coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
It further include error analysis module：For calculate separately the coastline sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix and with reference between coastline, seashore
Site error between line vector result and reference coastline and analytical error result.
7. the coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization according to claim 5, which is characterized in that sub- picture
The sub-pixed mapping positioning based on regional area is comprising with lower module described in first locating module：
Neighborhood window determining module, the edge direction for calculating each pixel point in described each section initial coastline,
The different neighborhood window of each pixel point of initial coastline is determined according to different edge directions；
Sub-pixed mapping anchor point coordinate obtaining module, for by fitting function, the field window edge to be described as a song
Line, the parameter of digital simulation function determine the coordinate of the sub-pixed mapping anchor point of regional area.
8. the coastline superresolution mapping system based on half global optimization according to claim 5, which is characterized in that positioning
Coastline least square fitting described in point fitting module includes with lower module：
Sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix module is extracted, for detecting and extracting the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix on each section of coastline；
Sub-pixed mapping grade coastline acquisition module, for the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix to be divided into different point sets, to same point set
In the sub-pixed mapping elements of a fix carry out least square fitting, obtain sub-pixed mapping grade coastline.
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