CN108549968B - Heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation unit and wind power combined dispatching method for reducing sulfur and nitrate discharge - Google Patents

Heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation unit and wind power combined dispatching method for reducing sulfur and nitrate discharge Download PDF

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CN108549968B
CN108549968B CN201810197601.4A CN201810197601A CN108549968B CN 108549968 B CN108549968 B CN 108549968B CN 201810197601 A CN201810197601 A CN 201810197601A CN 108549968 B CN108549968 B CN 108549968B
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崔杨
杨志文
仲悟之
叶小晖
赵钰婷
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Abstract

The invention relates to a combined dispatching method of a heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation unit and wind power, which reduces the emission of sulfur and nitrate and is characterized in that: analyzing the running characteristics of a cogeneration unit and wind power; determining the combined dispatching value of the cogeneration unit and the wind power, and comprehensively considering the power generation cost, the operation cost of the cogeneration unit, the wind power operation maintenance cost, the operation cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device, and the SO of the conventional thermal power unit on the basis of the operation characteristics of the wind power and cogeneration unit2With NOxThe pollution discharge charge is collected, and the related constraints of thermal balance and electric power balance are considered SO as to reduce SO2、NOxThe method aims at discharging and improving the wind power consumption, realizes the combined dispatching of the heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit and the wind power, determines a dispatching value, and has the advantages of being scientific and reasonable, accurate in dispatching, good in effect and the like.

Description

Heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation unit and wind power combined dispatching method for reducing sulfur and nitrate discharge
The invention relates to the technical field of combined dispatching of a cogeneration unit and wind power, in particular to a combined dispatching method of a cogeneration unit containing heat storage and wind power, which reduces the emission of sulfur and nitrate.
Background
In recent years, the atmospheric pollution is intensified, the extreme weather is frequent, and SO generated by electric coal burning2、NOxIs an important cause of air pollution. For the northeast, northeast and northwest China, called three-north for short, the combined heat and power machine in the heating period in winterThe Combined Heat and Power (CHP) mode of operation further limits the grid-connected consumption of new energy power generation, resulting in large-area wind and light abandonment and aggravating the environmental deterioration. With the enhancement of environmental awareness of people and the coming of relevant national policies, the inevitable requirements for social development are energy conservation, emission reduction and vigorous development of clean energy.
The heat storage device is added on the cogeneration unit, so that the operation mode of 'fixing power by heat' can be broken, the grid-connected consumption of new energy power generation such as wind power and the like is promoted, and the pollution emission is reduced to a certain extent. However, the high demand of heating in winter in the "three north" area still makes the cogeneration unit have a high output level for a long time, and the environmental pollution caused by the high demand is not negligible. With the increasing emphasis of the country on the environmental protection of electric power, higher requirements are put forward on the pollutant emission of power plants. Therefore, the desulfurization, denitrification and SO are accounted in the combined dispatching of the cogeneration unit and the wind power2、NOxThe environmental cost such as emission can improve the grid-connected consumption of wind power, reduces the sulfur and nitrate emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for comprehensively considering the power generation cost, the running cost of the cogeneration unit, the wind power running and maintenance cost, the running cost of a desulfurization and denitrification device and SO of a conventional thermal power generating unit on the basis of the running characteristics of the wind power and cogeneration unit2With NOxThe pollution discharge charge is levied, the related constraints of thermal balance and electric power balance are considered, and the purpose is to reduce SO2、 NOxThe method for jointly scheduling the heat-storage-containing cogeneration units and the wind power is scientific, reasonable and optimal in effect.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: a heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation unit and wind power combined dispatching method for reducing sulfur and nitrate emission is characterized in that the operating characteristics of the wind power and combined heat and power generation unit are taken as the basis, the related constraints of thermal balance and electric power balance are considered, and SO is reduced2、NOxThe method is characterized in that the method aims at discharging and improving the wind power consumption, carries out combined dispatching of a heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit and wind power, and determines a dispatching value, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) analysis of cogeneration units and wind power operating characteristics
The traditional cogeneration unit has the characteristic of thermal coupling, operates according to the working mode of 'deciding power by heat', and limits the grid-connected consumption of new energy power generation such as wind power and the like to a great extent; the heat storage device is added on the basis of the traditional cogeneration unit, so that the thermoelectric coupling characteristic of the unit can be broken, and the purposes of reliably supplying heat and improving the grid-connected consumption of new energy sources such as wind power and the like are achieved;
wind power is used as a clean new energy power generation form, has good characteristics of environmental protection and no pollution, but the controllability is poor because the wind power generation depends on wind energy;
2) combined dispatching of cogeneration units and wind power
(a) Establishment of combined scheduling model of cogeneration unit and wind power
Comprehensively considering the power generation cost of a conventional thermal power generating unit, the operation cost of a cogeneration unit, the operation and maintenance cost of wind power, the operation cost of a desulfurization and denitrification device and SO2With NOxThe pollution discharge collection cost factor is adopted, and a heat storage cogeneration unit and wind power combined output scheduling model for reducing the emission of sulfur and nitrate is constructed;
Figure BDA0001593542640000021
wherein: f is the economic total cost of the system; c1The power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; c2The running cost of the cogeneration unit is reduced; c3The operation and maintenance cost of the wind power is reduced; c4The operation cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device is reduced; c5Is SO2、NOxThe charge is levied for pollution discharge; pitGenerating power of a conventional thermal power generating unit i at the time t; pe,itGenerating power of the cogeneration unit i at the moment t;
Figure BDA0001593542640000029
generating power of the wind power plant at the time t; a. theSRemoving SO for desulfurization and denitrification device2The mass of (c); a. theNRemoving NO for desulfurization and denitrification devicexThe mass of (c); l isSIs SO2The discharge amount of (c); l isNIs NOxThe discharge amount of (c); min is the minimum value;
the calculation of the power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is as follows (2):
Figure BDA0001593542640000022
wherein: u. ofitRepresents the operation state of a conventional thermal power generating unit i at the moment t, wherein uit1 denotes run, uit0 represents shutdown; siRepresenting the starting cost of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; a isi，bi，ciThe fuel cost coefficient of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; n is the number of conventional thermal power generating units; t is the total time period; t is the time; i is the ith unit;
the calculation of the operation cost of the heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit is represented by the formula (3):
Figure BDA0001593542640000023
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000025
the total heating power of the heat-storage cogeneration unit i at the moment t is obtained;
Figure BDA0001593542640000026
for storing and releasing heat power of the heat storage device at time t and releasing heat
Figure BDA0001593542640000027
Is a negative value; a isir，bir，cirThe fuel cost coefficient of the cogeneration unit i; c. CvIncreasing the reduction value of the power output of the cogeneration unit when the unit heat output is increased when the steam inlet quantity is not changed; n is the number of cogeneration units;
the calculation of the wind power operation and maintenance cost is represented by the formula (4):
Figure BDA0001593542640000024
wherein: k is a radical ofiwMaintaining a cost coefficient for the operation of the wind power plant i;
Figure BDA0001593542640000028
generating power of the wind power plant i at the time t; m is the number of wind power plants;
the calculation of the running cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device is as the following formula (5):
C4＝TSAS+TNAN (5)
wherein: t isSRemoving unit mass SO for desulfurization and denitrification device2The cost of (2); t isNRemoving NO per unit mass for desulfurization and denitrification devicexThe cost of (2);
ASis calculated as (6):
Figure BDA0001593542640000031
ANis calculated as (7):
Figure BDA0001593542640000032
wherein: j. the design is a squaremIs the unit price of the coal; f. ofSSO when unit coal is used for power generation2The discharge amount of (c); f. ofNNO when unit coal is used for power generationxThe discharge amount of (c); etaSIs the efficiency of the desulfurization unit; etaNEfficiency of the denitrification facility; s1The fuel cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced;
S1is calculated as (8):
Figure BDA0001593542640000033
SO2、NOxpollution discharge signThe charge is calculated as (9):
C5＝CS+CN (9)
wherein: cSIs SO2The charge is levied for pollution discharge; cNIs NOxThe charge is levied for pollution discharge;
CSis calculated as (10):
Figure BDA0001593542640000034
CNis calculated as (11):
Figure BDA0001593542640000035
wherein: dSIs SO2The pollution equivalent value of (a); dNIs NOxThe pollution equivalent value of (a); j. the design is a squareSEquivalent of SO per pollution2The levy charge standard of (1); j. the design is a squareNFor each contamination equivalent of NOxThe levy charge standard of (1);
LSis calculated as (12):
Figure BDA0001593542640000036
LNis calculated as (13):
Figure BDA0001593542640000037
(b) system operational constraints
The electric power balance constraint is (14):
Figure BDA0001593542640000041
wherein: pltIs the electric load value at the moment t;
the thermal power balance constraint is (15):
Figure BDA0001593542640000042
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000043
is the thermal load value at the time t;
Figure BDA0001593542640000044
directly supplying heat power to the cogeneration unit;
Figure BDA0001593542640000045
the heat supply power of the heat storage device;
the output constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Pimin≤Pit≤Pimax (16)
wherein: pimaxThe maximum output of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; piminThe minimum output of a conventional thermal power generating unit i;
the conventional thermal power generating unit climbing rate constraint is as follows (17):
-rdi≤Pit-Pi(t-1)≤rui (17)
wherein: r isuiThe maximum upward climbing rate of the conventional thermal power generating unit i is obtained; r isdiThe maximum downward climbing rate of the conventional thermal power generating unit i is obtained;
the output constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit during starting and stopping is as the formula (18):
Figure BDA0001593542640000046
the electric output constraint of the cogeneration unit is (19):
Pe,imin≤Pe,it≤Pe,imax (19)
wherein: pe,iminThe lower limit of the power output of the cogeneration unit i is set; pe,imaxThe upper limit of the power output of the cogeneration unit i is set;
the thermal output constraint of the cogeneration unit is the formula (20):
Figure BDA0001593542640000047
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000048
the heat output of the cogeneration unit i at the moment t is obtained;
Figure BDA0001593542640000049
the upper limit of the thermal output of the cogeneration unit;
the heat storage capacity constraint of the heat storage device of the cogeneration unit is as follows (21):
Figure BDA00015935426400000410
wherein:
Figure BDA00015935426400000411
is the minimum heat storage capacity of the heat storage device;
Figure BDA00015935426400000412
is the maximum heat storage capacity of the heat storage device;
Figure BDA00015935426400000413
the heat storage quantity at the moment t of the heat storage device is obtained;
the heat storage and release power of the heat storage device of the cogeneration unit is restricted to be in a formula (22):
Figure BDA00015935426400000414
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000051
the maximum heat storage power of the heat storage device;
Figure BDA0001593542640000052
the maximum heat release power of the heat storage device.
According to the heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation unit and wind power combined scheduling method for reducing sulfur and nitrate emission, the operating characteristics of the wind power and combined heat and power generation unit are taken as the basis, the related constraints of thermal balance and power balance are considered, and the power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generation unit, the operating cost of the combined heat and power generation unit, the operating maintenance cost of the wind power, the operating cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device, and the SO are comprehensively considered2With NOxThe pollution discharge collection cost can be reduced by carrying out combined dispatching of the heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit and the wind power and determining a dispatching value2、NOxThe method has the advantages of improving the wind power consumption, along with discharge capacity, scientific and reasonable structure, optimal effect and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal load versus electrical load and wind power output prediction curve;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical and thermal characteristics of a heat-containing cogeneration unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of annual wind power generation output curves;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power generation scheduling of each unit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of scheduling of heat output of the cogeneration unit and the heat storage device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of wind power prediction power and absorption power.
Detailed Description
The heat-storage cogeneration unit and wind power combined dispatching method for reducing the emission of sulfur and nitrate according to the invention is further described by using the attached drawings and the embodiment.
The invention relates to a heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation dispatching method for reducing sulfur and nitrate emission, which takes the running characteristics of wind power and combined heat and power generation units as the basis and gives consideration to the relevant constraints of thermal balance and electric power balance SO as to reduce SO2、NOxThe method is characterized in that the method aims at discharging and improving the wind power consumption, carries out combined dispatching of a heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit and wind power, and determines a dispatching value, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) analysis of cogeneration units and wind power operating characteristics
The traditional cogeneration unit has the characteristic of thermal coupling, operates according to the working mode of 'deciding power by heat', and limits the grid-connected consumption of new energy power generation such as wind power and the like to a great extent; the heat storage device is added on the basis of the traditional cogeneration unit, so that the thermoelectric coupling characteristic of the unit can be broken, and the purposes of reliably supplying heat and improving the grid-connected consumption of new energy sources such as wind power and the like are achieved;
wind power is used as a clean new energy power generation form, has good characteristics of environmental protection and no pollution, but the controllability is poor because the wind power generation depends on wind energy;
2) combined dispatching of cogeneration units and wind power
(a) Establishment of combined scheduling model of cogeneration unit and wind power
Comprehensively considering the power generation cost of a conventional thermal power generating unit, the operation cost of a cogeneration unit, the operation and maintenance cost of wind power, the operation cost of a desulfurization and denitrification device and SO2With NOxThe pollution discharge collection cost factor is adopted, and a heat storage cogeneration unit and wind power combined output scheduling model for reducing the emission of sulfur and nitrate is constructed;
Figure BDA0001593542640000061
wherein: f is the economic total cost of the system; c1The power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; c2The running cost of the cogeneration unit is reduced; c3The operation and maintenance cost of the wind power is reduced; c4The operation cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device is reduced; c5Is SO2、NOxThe charge is levied for pollution discharge; pitGenerating power of a conventional thermal power generating unit i at the time t; pe,itGenerating power of the cogeneration unit i at the moment t;
Figure BDA00015935426400000610
generating power of the wind power plant at the time t; a. theSRemoving SO for desulfurization and denitrification device2The mass of (c); a. theNFor the purpose of desulfurizationDenitration device for removing NOxThe mass of (c); l isSIs SO2The discharge amount of (c); l isNIs NOxThe discharge amount of (c); min is the minimum value;
the calculation of the power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is as follows (2):
Figure BDA0001593542640000062
wherein: u. ofitRepresents the operation state of a conventional thermal power generating unit i at the moment t, wherein u it1 denotes run, u it0 represents shutdown; siRepresenting the starting cost of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; a isi，bi，ciThe fuel cost coefficient of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; n is the number of conventional thermal power generating units; t is the total time period; t is the time; i is the ith unit;
the calculation of the operation cost of the heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit is represented by the formula (3):
Figure BDA0001593542640000063
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000064
the total heating power of the heat-storage cogeneration unit i at the moment t is obtained;
Figure BDA0001593542640000065
for storing and releasing heat power of the heat storage device at time t and releasing heat
Figure BDA0001593542640000066
Is a negative value; a isir，bir，cirThe fuel cost coefficient of the cogeneration unit i; c. CvIncreasing the reduction value of the power output of the cogeneration unit when the unit heat output is increased when the steam inlet quantity is not changed; n is the number of cogeneration units;
the calculation of the wind power operation and maintenance cost is represented by the formula (4):
Figure BDA0001593542640000067
wherein: k is a radical ofiwMaintaining a cost coefficient for the operation of the wind power plant i;
Figure BDA0001593542640000068
generating power of the wind power plant i at the time t; m is the number of wind power plants;
the calculation of the running cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device is as the following formula (5):
C4＝TSAS+TNAN (5)
wherein: t isSRemoving unit mass SO for desulfurization and denitrification device2The cost of (2); t isNRemoving NO per unit mass for desulfurization and denitrification devicexThe cost of (2);
ASis calculated as (6):
Figure BDA0001593542640000069
ANis calculated as (7):
Figure BDA0001593542640000071
wherein: j. the design is a squaremIs the unit price of the coal; f. ofSSO when unit coal is used for power generation2The discharge amount of (c); f. ofNNO when unit coal is used for power generationxThe discharge amount of (c); etaSIs the efficiency of the desulfurization unit; etaNEfficiency of the denitrification facility; s1The fuel cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced;
S1is calculated as (8):
Figure BDA0001593542640000072
SO2、NOxmeter for collecting charge for pollution dischargeCalculating as formula (9):
C5＝CS+CN (9)
wherein: cSIs SO2The charge is levied for pollution discharge; cNIs NOxThe charge is levied for pollution discharge;
CSis calculated as (10):
Figure BDA0001593542640000073
CNis calculated as (11):
Figure BDA0001593542640000074
wherein: dSIs SO2The pollution equivalent value of (a); dNIs NOxThe pollution equivalent value of (a); j. the design is a squareSEquivalent of SO per pollution2The levy charge standard of (1); j. the design is a squareNFor each contamination equivalent of NOxThe levy charge standard of (1);
LSis calculated as (12):
Figure BDA0001593542640000075
LNis calculated as (13):
Figure BDA0001593542640000076
(b) system operational constraints
The electric power balance constraint is (14):
Figure BDA0001593542640000077
wherein: pltIs the electric load value at the moment t;
the thermal power balance constraint is (15):
Figure BDA0001593542640000078
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000081
is the thermal load value at the time t;
Figure BDA0001593542640000082
directly supplying heat power to the cogeneration unit;
Figure BDA0001593542640000083
the heat supply power of the heat storage device;
the output constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Pimin≤Pit≤Pimax (16)
wherein: pimaxThe maximum output of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; piminThe minimum output of a conventional thermal power generating unit i;
the conventional thermal power generating unit climbing rate constraint is as follows (17):
-rdi≤Pit-Pi(t-1)≤rui (17)
wherein: r isuiThe maximum upward climbing rate of the conventional thermal power generating unit i is obtained; r isdiThe maximum downward climbing rate of the conventional thermal power generating unit i is obtained;
the output constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit during starting and stopping is as the formula (18):
Figure BDA0001593542640000084
the electric output constraint of the cogeneration unit is (19):
Pe,imin≤Pe,it≤Pe,imax (19)
wherein: pe,iminThe lower limit of the power output of the cogeneration unit i is set; pe,imaxThe upper limit of the power output of the cogeneration unit i is set;
the thermal output constraint of the cogeneration unit is the formula (20):
Figure BDA0001593542640000085
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000086
the heat output of the cogeneration unit i at the moment t is obtained;
Figure BDA0001593542640000087
the upper limit of the thermal output of the cogeneration unit;
the heat storage capacity constraint of the heat storage device of the cogeneration unit is as follows (21):
Figure BDA0001593542640000088
wherein:
Figure BDA0001593542640000089
is the minimum heat storage capacity of the heat storage device;
Figure BDA00015935426400000810
is the maximum heat storage capacity of the heat storage device;
Figure BDA00015935426400000811
the heat storage quantity at the moment t of the heat storage device is obtained;
the heat storage and release power of the heat storage device of the cogeneration unit is restricted to be in a formula (22):
Figure BDA00015935426400000812
wherein:
Figure BDA00015935426400000813
the maximum heat storage power of the heat storage device;
Figure BDA00015935426400000814
the maximum heat release power of the heat storage device.
In the embodiment, an IEEE-30 node system is taken as an example, CPLEX is utilized to perform model solution, and the combined output scheduling of the heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit and the wind power is determined, so that the effectiveness of the method is verified. The thermal power generating units No. 1 and No. 2 in the original system are respectively replaced by two cogeneration units, specific data of the conventional thermal power generating units are shown in a table 1, and a schematic diagram of a thermal load, an electrical load and a wind power output prediction curve is shown in a graph 1.
TABLE 1 conventional thermal power plant parameters
Figure BDA0001593542640000091
1. Analysis of cogeneration units and wind power operating characteristics
The schematic diagram of the electric heating characteristic of the heat-storage cogeneration unit is shown in fig. 2, and the electric heating operation space of the cogeneration unit in fig. 2 is CHIJKL, Pe,max、Pe,minRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the power output, P, of the cogeneration unit under the pure condensation working conditione,LIs the minimum value of the power output, P, of the cogeneration unithit,HIs the maximum value of the heat output when the electricity output of the cogeneration unit is maximum, Phit,J、Phit,KRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of thermal output, P, when the electrical output of the cogeneration unit is minimumhitc,maxThe maximum value of the heat output of the cogeneration unit. As can be seen from fig. 2, the heat storage device is added on the basis of the traditional cogeneration unit, so that the thermoelectric coupling characteristic of the unit can be broken, and the purposes of reliable heat supply and improvement of grid-connected consumption of new energy power generation such as wind power and the like are achieved. The schematic diagram of the annual output curve of wind power generation is shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, wind power has larger fluctuation and randomness, and the problems of wind abandonment and environmental pollution become more and more serious along with the increase of installed capacity, the contradiction between the demands of heat load and electric load in the heating period in winter, the operation mode of cogeneration units and the like.
2. Establishment of combined scheduling model of cogeneration unit and wind power
Selecting the operation and maintenance cost k of the wind power in the optimization processiwIs 120 yuan/MWh, and the unit mass SO is removed by a desulfurization and denitrification device2、NOxThe cost is 2.99 yuan/kg and 15 yuan/kg respectively, and the unit fire coal price is J m500 yuan/t is taken, and each ton of fire coal SO is consumed by a unit2With NOxDischarge amount f ofS、fN8.5kg and 7.4kg respectively, and the efficiency eta of the desulfurization and denitrification deviceS、ηN85% and 85%, respectively, SO2、NOxPollution equivalent value L ofS、LN0.95kg, respectively, per pollution equivalent SO2With NOxCharge collection criteria ofS、JNAnd respectively setting 0.6 yuan and 0.6 yuan, and establishing a combined scheduling model of the cogeneration unit and the wind power.
3. Determination of combined scheduling value of cogeneration unit and wind power
And CPLEX is utilized to carry out model solution, and the combined output modulation value of the heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit and the wind power is determined. Through solving, the lowest comprehensive cost is 50.75 ten thousand yuan/day, wherein the operation cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device is 8.97 ten thousand yuan/day, the proportion of the operation cost to the comprehensive cost is 17.67 percent, the pollution discharge collection charge is 1161 yuan/day, and the proportion of the operation cost to the comprehensive cost is 0.23 percent.
The schematic diagram of the generated power scheduling of each unit when the comprehensive cost is the lowest is shown in fig. 4, the schematic diagram of the thermal output scheduling of the cogeneration unit and the heat storage device is shown in fig. 5, and the schematic diagram of the predicted power and the absorbed power of the wind power is shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the sum of the electric output and the thermal output of the unit at each time in the scheduling mode is equal to the electric load and the thermal load, and the balance between the heat and electricity supply and the demand is satisfied. Comparing the two figures, it can be seen that in the peak period of the thermal load (1h-7h, 21h-24h), the electrical load is in the valley period, and the power-on and thermal demands are in clear contradiction in time. Because the fuel cost of the cogeneration unit is obviously lower than that of the thermal power unit, and the thermal output and the electric output have certain coupling characteristics, the electric output of the cogeneration unit needs to be increased for reducing the output of the thermal power unit at the peak time of the electric load. Therefore, the heat storage device releases heat in the peak period of the electric load, so that the heat output of the cogeneration unit is reduced, the purpose of increasing the electric output is further achieved, and the aim of reducing the comprehensive operation cost is fulfilled. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the high operation and maintenance cost of wind power results in obvious wind abandon phenomenon when the comprehensive cost is the lowest, and the consumption of wind power is 37.05%. The wind power consumption time period is 7h-16h, the wind power output in the time period is small, the electric load requirement is large, and the wind power is nearly completely consumed.
The computing conditions, illustrations and the like in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for further description of the present invention, are not exhaustive, and do not limit the scope of the claims, and those skilled in the art can conceive other substantially equivalent alternatives without inventive step in light of the teachings of the embodiments of the present invention, which are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A heat-storage-containing combined heat and power generation unit and wind power combined dispatching method for reducing sulfur and nitrate emission is characterized in that the operating characteristics of the wind power and combined heat and power generation unit are taken as the basis, the related constraints of thermal balance and electric power balance are considered, and SO is reduced2、NOxThe method is characterized in that the method aims at discharging and improving the wind power consumption, carries out combined dispatching of a heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit and wind power, and determines a dispatching value, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) analysis of cogeneration units and wind power operating characteristics
The traditional cogeneration unit has the characteristic of thermal coupling, operates according to the working mode of 'deciding power by heat', and limits the grid-connected consumption of new energy power generation such as wind power and the like to a great extent; the heat storage device is added on the basis of the traditional cogeneration unit, so that the thermoelectric coupling characteristic of the unit can be broken, and the purposes of reliably supplying heat and improving the grid-connected consumption of new energy sources such as wind power and the like are achieved;
wind power is used as a clean new energy power generation form, has good characteristics of environmental protection and no pollution, but the controllability is poor because the wind power generation depends on wind energy;
2) combined dispatching of cogeneration units and wind power
(a) Establishment of combined scheduling model of cogeneration unit and wind power
Comprehensively considering the power generation cost of a conventional thermal power generating unit, the operation cost of a cogeneration unit, the operation and maintenance cost of wind power, the operation cost of a desulfurization and denitrification device and SO2With NOxThe pollution discharge collection cost factor is adopted, and a heat storage cogeneration unit and wind power combined output scheduling model for reducing the emission of sulfur and nitrate is constructed;
Figure FDA0001593542630000011
wherein: f is the economic total cost of the system; c1The power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced; c2The running cost of the cogeneration unit is reduced; c3The operation and maintenance cost of the wind power is reduced; c4The operation cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device is reduced; c5Is SO2、NOxThe charge is levied for pollution discharge; pitGenerating power of a conventional thermal power generating unit i at the time t; pe,itGenerating power of the cogeneration unit i at the moment t;
Figure FDA0001593542630000012
generating power of the wind power plant at the time t; a. theSRemoving SO for desulfurization and denitrification device2The mass of (c); a. theNRemoving NO for desulfurization and denitrification devicexThe mass of (c); l isSIs SO2The discharge amount of (c); l isNIs NOxThe discharge amount of (c); min is the minimum value;
the calculation of the power generation cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is as follows (2):
Figure FDA0001593542630000013
wherein: u. ofitRepresents the operation state of a conventional thermal power generating unit i at the moment t, wherein uit1 denotes run, uit0 represents shutdown; siRepresenting the starting cost of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; a isi，bi，ciThe fuel cost coefficient of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; n is the number of conventional thermal power generating units; t is the total time period; t is the time; i is the ith unit;
the calculation of the operation cost of the heat-storage-containing cogeneration unit is represented by the formula (3):
Figure FDA0001593542630000014
wherein:
Figure FDA0001593542630000021
the total heating power of the heat-storage cogeneration unit i at the moment t is obtained;
Figure FDA0001593542630000022
for storing and releasing heat power of the heat storage device at time t and releasing heat
Figure FDA0001593542630000029
Is a negative value; a isir，bir，cirThe fuel cost coefficient of the cogeneration unit i; c. CvIncreasing the reduction value of the power output of the cogeneration unit when the unit heat output is increased when the steam inlet quantity is not changed; n is the number of cogeneration units;
the calculation of the wind power operation and maintenance cost is represented by the formula (4):
Figure FDA0001593542630000023
wherein: k is a radical ofiwMaintaining a cost coefficient for the operation of the wind power plant i;
Figure FDA0001593542630000024
generating power of the wind power plant i at the time t; m is the number of wind power plants;
the calculation of the running cost of the desulfurization and denitrification device is as the following formula (5):
C4＝TSAS+TNAN (5)
wherein: t isSRemoving unit mass SO for desulfurization and denitrification device2The cost of (2); t isNRemoving NO per unit mass for desulfurization and denitrification devicexThe cost of (2);
ASis calculated as (6):
Figure FDA0001593542630000025
ANis calculated as (7):
Figure FDA0001593542630000026
wherein: j. the design is a squaremIs the unit price of the coal; f. ofSSO when unit coal is used for power generation2The discharge amount of (c); f. ofNNO when unit coal is used for power generationxThe discharge amount of (c); etaSIs the efficiency of the desulfurization unit; etaNEfficiency of the denitrification facility; s1The fuel cost of the conventional thermal power generating unit is reduced;
S1is calculated as (8):
Figure FDA0001593542630000027
SO2、NOxthe calculation of the pollution discharge charge is (9):
C5＝CS+CN (9)
wherein: cSIs SO2The charge is levied for pollution discharge; cNIs NOxThe charge is levied for pollution discharge;
CSis calculated as (10):
Figure FDA0001593542630000028
CNis calculated as(11) Formula (II):
Figure FDA0001593542630000031
wherein: dSIs SO2The pollution equivalent value of (a); dNIs NOxThe pollution equivalent value of (a); j. the design is a squareSEquivalent of SO per pollution2The levy charge standard of (1); j. the design is a squareNFor each contamination equivalent of NOxThe levy charge standard of (1);
LSis calculated as (12):
Figure FDA0001593542630000032
LNis calculated as (13):
Figure FDA0001593542630000033
(b) system operational constraints
The electric power balance constraint is (14):
Figure FDA0001593542630000034
wherein: pltIs the electric load value at the moment t;
the thermal power balance constraint is (15):
Figure FDA0001593542630000035
wherein:
Figure FDA0001593542630000036
is the thermal load value at the time t;
Figure FDA0001593542630000037
directly supplying heat power to the cogeneration unit;
Figure FDA0001593542630000038
the heat supply power of the heat storage device;
the output constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Pimin≤Pit≤Pimax (16)
wherein: pimaxThe maximum output of a conventional thermal power generating unit i; piminThe minimum output of a conventional thermal power generating unit i;
the conventional thermal power generating unit climbing rate constraint is as follows (17):
-rdi≤Pit-Pi(t-1)≤rui (17)
wherein: r isuiThe maximum upward climbing rate of the conventional thermal power generating unit i is obtained; r isdiThe maximum downward climbing rate of the conventional thermal power generating unit i is obtained;
the output constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit during starting and stopping is as the formula (18):
Figure FDA0001593542630000039
the electric output constraint of the cogeneration unit is (19):
Pe,imin≤Pe,it≤Pe,imax (19)
wherein: pe,iminThe lower limit of the power output of the cogeneration unit i is set; pe,imaxThe upper limit of the power output of the cogeneration unit i is set;
the thermal output constraint of the cogeneration unit is the formula (20):
Figure FDA0001593542630000041
wherein:
Figure FDA0001593542630000042
for cogeneration unit i at time tHeat output;
Figure FDA0001593542630000043
the upper limit of the thermal output of the cogeneration unit;
the heat storage capacity constraint of the heat storage device of the cogeneration unit is as follows (21):
Figure FDA0001593542630000044
wherein:
Figure FDA0001593542630000045
is the minimum heat storage capacity of the heat storage device;
Figure FDA0001593542630000046
is the maximum heat storage capacity of the heat storage device;
Figure FDA0001593542630000047
the heat storage quantity at the moment t of the heat storage device is obtained;
the heat storage and release power of the heat storage device of the cogeneration unit is restricted to be in a formula (22):
Figure FDA0001593542630000048
wherein:
Figure FDA0001593542630000049
the maximum heat storage power of the heat storage device;
Figure FDA00015935426300000410
the maximum heat release power of the heat storage device.
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