CN108547826B - Built-in gas-liquid mixing buffering extension type high-speed cylinder - Google Patents
Built-in gas-liquid mixing buffering extension type high-speed cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN108547826B CN108547826B CN201810695225.1A CN201810695225A CN108547826B CN 108547826 B CN108547826 B CN 108547826B CN 201810695225 A CN201810695225 A CN 201810695225A CN 108547826 B CN108547826 B CN 108547826B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/22—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke
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Abstract
A built-in gas-liquid mixed buffer extension type high-speed cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel (1), a piston rod (2), an end cover (3), a snap ring (4), a damping ring (5), buffer hydraulic oil (6), a damping hole plug (7), a floating piston (8) and a reset spring (9); the piston rod (2) is arranged inside the cylinder barrel (1), and the cylinder barrel (1) is provided with an air inlet B in the rodless cavity A; a cavity is arranged in the piston rod (2), and a damping hole plug (7), a floating piston (8) and a return spring (9) are sequentially arranged in the cavity; the floating piston divides the inner cavity of the piston rod into C, D two cavities, the cavity C is communicated with the rod cavity F of the cylinder, and the rod cavity F of the cylinder is filled with buffer hydraulic oil (6); the damping ring (5) is fixed at the tail end of the stroke of the cylinder through the end cover (3) and the clamping ring (4); the piston rod starts to move under the action of the gas filled in the gas inlet B, the piston rod extrudes buffer hydraulic oil, the buffer hydraulic oil enters the cavity C and pushes the floating piston (8) to move, and meanwhile, a return spring (9) in the cavity D provides buffer back pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-speed cylinder with a buffer, in particular to an extension type single-action high-speed cylinder. The device has compact structure and high integration level, realizes the characteristics of high and low movement speed before and after and large and small force before and after basically without increasing the volume of a common cylinder, and has good high-speed and buffering effects. The landing gear is suitable for landing gear and cabin door retracting and releasing mechanisms of unmanned planes or other space vehicles and the like, and a space vehicle landing system, and is suitable for various industrial purposes.
Background
The high-speed cylinder operation end easily produces impact and vibration to damage cylinder and relevant peripheral equipment, so need set up buffer at stroke end, at present with regard to cylinder buffering form diversified, but buffer structure mainly exists buffer capacity weak at present, difficult regulation, and the life-span is short, and complicated or external device etc. of structure causes shortcomings such as bulky, weight height. For aerospace, weapons, ships and some special industrial applications, the high-speed cylinder is required to be small in size, external devices are reduced as much as possible, good buffering is achieved basically under the condition that the size of the cylinder is not changed, the high-speed cylinder is light in weight, easy to adjust in buffering capacity, capable of achieving a certain self-adaption capacity, capable of being repeatedly used, strong in interference capacity such as external vibration impact resistance and the like, long in service life and high in reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects in the prior art are overcome, and the built-in gas-liquid mixing buffer extension type high-speed cylinder is provided.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a built-in gas-liquid mixed buffer extension type high-speed cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston rod, an end cover, a clamping ring, a damping ring, buffer hydraulic oil, a damping hole plug, a floating piston and a return spring;
the piston rod is arranged in the cylinder barrel of the air cylinder, and the cylinder barrel of the air cylinder is provided with an air inlet B in the rodless cavity A; a cavity is arranged in the piston rod, and a damping hole plug, a floating piston and a return spring are sequentially arranged in the cavity; the floating piston divides the inner cavity of the piston rod into C, D two cavities, the cavity C is communicated with the rod cavity F of the cylinder, and the rod cavity F of the cylinder is filled with buffer hydraulic oil; the damping ring is fixed at the tail end of the stroke of the cylinder through an end cover and a clamping ring;
the piston rod starts to move under the action of the gas filled in the gas inlet B, the normal-pressure (air pressure in an atmospheric assembly environment) gas in the rod cavity is compressed in the early stage of the movement of the piston rod, the buffer hydraulic oil is extruded in the later stage of the movement, the buffer hydraulic oil enters the cavity C and pushes the floating piston to move, and meanwhile, the reset spring in the cavity D provides buffer back pressure.
Furthermore, the damping hole plug is of a variable damping structure and comprises a plug, a valve core and a locking nut; the plug is fixedly connected with the piston rod, the inner cavity of the piston rod is sealed with the rodless cavity, the plug is close to the C cavity and is provided with a damping hole E for adjusting damping, the valve core with the adjustable opening of the valve hole is arranged at the valve hole, and the valve core after being adjusted is locked through a locking nut.
Furthermore, the contact surface of the valve core and the valve hole adopts a parabolic conical surface design, the valve core adjusts the opening degree of the valve hole through threads, and hydraulic oil flows into the C cavity through a flow passage arranged in the valve core.
Furthermore, the damping hole plug adopts a double-check ring and sealing ring combined sealing mode, and the check rings are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the sealing ring, so that the sealing ring can be prevented from being extruded by pressure difference on two sides.
Furthermore, the floating piston is provided with a sealing structure for isolating the C, D cavity, a guide section which is designed to be hollow and used for guiding the return spring, and meanwhile, the guide section of the floating piston also has a limiting function so as to prevent the spring from being compressed and damaging the spring or generating clamping stagnation.
Furthermore, the floating piston is provided with a process threaded hole for assembly and disassembly.
Furthermore, the piston rod is designed to be variable in section, wherein the diameter D2 of the root of the piston rod, the diameter D1 of the front end of the piston rod and the diameter D3 of the damping ring meet the requirement that D1 is more than D2 and more than D3.
Furthermore, the damping ring is an adjustable damping ring, and the diameter of the damping ring is adjusted according to the buffering effect.
Furthermore, the damping ring is made of copper.
Furthermore, the rigidity of the return spring is adjusted according to the buffering effect and the buffering hydraulic oil return effect.
Furthermore, the cylinder barrel of the air cylinder is designed integrally.
Furthermore, a rod cavity F of the cylinder barrel of the air cylinder is filled with partial buffer hydraulic oil, and the volume of the buffer hydraulic oil is smaller than the maximum volume of the cavity C.
Furthermore, the cavity C is communicated with a rod cavity F of the cylinder through a damping hole E arranged on the damping plug and a fixed damping hole G on the piston rod.
Further, the position of the fixed damping hole G needs to exceed the damping ring when the piston rod moves to the end of the stroke.
Furthermore, the air cylinder also comprises an adjustable support lug which is connected to the front end of the piston rod and locked through a locking nut.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the built-in gas-liquid mixing buffer extension type cylinder does not change the appearance of a common cylinder basically, and has extremely compact overall layout, high space utilization rate, large output in the early stage of movement, high speed and good buffer effect in the later stage of movement;
(2) the piston rod is internally provided with the buffer cavity for containing buffer oil outside the rod cavity, the space of the piston rod is fully utilized, any external accessories are not needed, the space is saved, the weight of the air cylinder is reduced, and the piston rod is suitable for occasions with strict space and weight requirements.
(3) The rod cavity is filled with part of buffering hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil has a lubricating effect on the movement of the piston rod, the high-speed movement of the piston rod in the early stage is facilitated, the service life of the air cylinder is prolonged, the hydraulic oil is used for buffering in the later stage of the movement, and meanwhile, the amount of the hydraulic oil can be adjusted according to the requirement, so that the buffering effect and the buffering distance are changed, and the adaptability of the air cylinder is enhanced;
(4) the variable damping hole plug is arranged between the buffer cavity and the rod cavity, and the size of the damping hole can be continuously adjusted by the variable damping hole plug, so that the buffer effect can be continuously adjusted according to different working conditions, the design and manufacturing requirements can be reduced, and the debugging efficiency can be improved;
(5) the piston rod is internally provided with a return spring, so that the floating piston arranged in the piston rod is at an initial position, and in an environment with vibration impact, if the air cylinder is not started, buffer hydraulic oil cannot enter the buffer inner cavity, so that the buffer quality is ensured, and the anti-interference capability is improved;
(6) the buffer inner cavity is provided with a floating piston with a built-in piston rod, and under the pressure action of the buffer inner cavity, the actuator is reset after the actuator actuates for one stroke, the buffer liquid pressure of the actuator can also be reset, and the actuator can be repeatedly used without being disassembled, so that good buffer performance is kept, and the repeated use requirement is met;
(7) the reset spring pushes the floating piston to provide certain back pressure for buffering, and the buffering back pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the rigidity of the reset spring, so that the buffering performance is adjusted;
(8) the diameter of the root of the piston rod is increased, and when the stroke end passes through the variable damping ring, the damping effect of the tail end is increased, so that the buffering effect of the tail end is improved, the damping ring is easy to replace, and the buffering capacity is improved.
(9) The high-speed buffer cylinder integrates various buffer adjustment modes, can conveniently adjust the buffer effect according to the load condition under the condition of not changing the structure, and has certain self-adaptive capacity. .
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a built-in gas-liquid mixing buffer extension type high-speed cylinder of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cylinder of the present invention at a later stage of its motion;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a variable cross-section design of a piston rod of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a damping hole plug according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the floating piston structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the high-speed cylinder with a built-in gas-liquid mixing buffer extension type according to the present invention is shown in the schematic diagram, and the high-speed cylinder with a built-in gas-liquid mixing buffer extension type comprises a cylinder barrel 1, a piston rod 2, an end cover 3, a snap ring 4, a variable damping ring 5, hydraulic buffer oil 6, a damping hole plug 7, a floating piston 8, a return spring 9, an adjustable support lug 10, and a lock nut 11. Wherein the piston rod 2 is installed inside the cylinder barrel 1, the cylinder barrel 1 is provided with an air inlet B in the rodless cavity A, and the air inlet B is communicated with high-pressure gas for driving the piston rod 2 to drive a load. The cylinder barrel 1 is integrally designed, has no complex characteristics, is convenient to cast or machine-added, reduces the sealing quantity and improves the sealing reliability. The adjustable lug is connected to the front end of the piston rod 2 and locked by a locking nut 11.
The damping plug 7 seals the piston rod buffer cavity through a sealing ring and threads, the damping hole plug 7 is provided with a variable damping hole E, the variable damping hole is connected with a fixed damping hole on the piston rod, a cavity is arranged in the piston rod 2, a floating piston 8 is placed in the cavity, the floating piston 8 can move back and forth in the cavity, and the floating piston divides the inner cavity of the piston rod into C, D two cavities. The cavity C is communicated with a rod cavity F of the air cylinder through a variable damping hole E and a fixed damping hole G on the piston rod, the rod cavity F of the air cylinder is filled with part of hydraulic oil 6, and the volume of the buffering hydraulic oil is smaller than the maximum volume of the cavity C. In the process of the movement of the piston rod, the piston rod compresses the normal-pressure gas (air pressure in an atmospheric assembly environment) in the rod cavity at the early stage of the stroke, basically no hydraulic oil damping exists, when the end of the stroke is reached, the piston rod extrudes buffer hydraulic oil, and the buffer hydraulic oil enters the cavity C through the damping hole E and pushes the floating piston 8 to move rightwards, so that the buffer effect is realized. The position of the fixed orifice E needs to exceed the damping ring 5 when the piston rod moves to the end of its stroke.
The cavity D of the piston rod 2 is provided with a return spring 9 for providing a certain buffering back pressure, which is beneficial to improving the buffering effect. The variable damping ring 5 is fixed at the end of the cylinder stroke by the end cover 3 and the snap ring 4. The adjustable support lug 10 is connected with the piston rod 2 through threads, and the locking nut 11 locks the adjustable support lug 10 with the piston rod 2 through threads.
The piston rod 2 is designed with a variable cross section, wherein the diameter D2 of the root part of the piston rod, the diameter D1 of the front end of the piston rod and the diameter D3 of the damping ring 5 meet the requirement that D1 is more than D2 and more than D3. When the piston rod moves to the tail end of the stroke, a gap formed by the piston rod and the damping ring 5 is reduced, the damping effect is enhanced, the damping ring 5 is made of copper materials, the service life under the impact of high-speed liquid flow can be prolonged, the hardness of copper is lower than that of the piston rod, the piston rod can be prevented from being damaged by the damping ring, and the damping ring 5 can be replaced according to the buffering effect.
As shown in figure 4, the damping hole plug 7 is provided with a plug 7-1, a valve core 7-2, a locking nut 7-3, a check ring 7-4 and a sealing ring 7-5, the plug 7-1 is fixedly connected with the piston rod 2 in a threaded manner and is prevented from loosening through the loosening prevention check ring, the variable damping hole plug 7 adopts a double-channel check ring 7-4 and sealing ring 7-5 combined sealing mode, and the check rings 7-4 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the sealing ring 7-5, so that the sealing ring can be prevented from being extruded by pressure difference on two sides, the sealing performance of the inner cavity of the piston rod and the rodless cavity is ensured, and the processing manufacturability of the piston. A choke plug 7-1 is provided with a damping hole E for adjusting damping close to the cavity C, a valve core 7-2 with adjustable valve hole opening is arranged at the valve hole, and the adjusted valve core is locked by a locking nut 7-3. The valve core 7-2 in the variable damping hole plug 7 adopts a parabolic conical surface design, so that the linear relation between the valve flow of the valve port and the position rotation of the valve core is ensured, the damping adjustment is easy, a flow channel is arranged in the valve core 7-2, and the damping opening degree of the valve core 7-2 is adjusted through threads, so that the damping size can be adjusted steplessly, the buffering capacity can be adjusted, the structure is simple, and the buffering performance can be adjusted continuously. The rear end of the valve core 7-2 in the variable damping hole plug 7 is provided with a locking nut 7-3 for locking the valve core 7-2 after damping is set, so that the damping effect of the valve core is prevented from being changed due to vibration impact in the working process, and the anti-interference capability of the cylinder is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the floating piston 8 is provided with a sealing structure for isolating the C, D cavity, a guiding section which is hollow and is used for guiding the return spring 9 to prevent the spring from inclining and bending, and the guiding section of the floating piston also has a limiting function to prevent the spring from pressing and damaging the spring or generating clamping stagnation. The floating piston is provided with a process threaded hole for assembly and disassembly.
The reset spring 9 can provide certain backpressure for the buffering, and simultaneously after the piston rod resets manually, buffering hydraulic oil can return to there is pole chamber F through the damping hole under reset spring 9 promotes, resumes buffer function. The rigidity of the spring can be adjusted according to the buffering effect and the resetting effect of the buffering hydraulic oil.
When gas enters the rodless cavity A from the gas inlet B, the piston rod 2 is pushed to move rightwards. The piston rod 2 moves earlier stage, compresses the atmospheric pressure under the atmospheric pressure assembly environment in having the pole chamber F, and gaseous entering C chamber through damping hole E, because gaseous compressible and gaseous viscosity is very little, so the piston rod velocity of motion is fast, exerts oneself greatly. As shown in FIG. 2, when the piston rod continues to move rightwards, the piston rod 2 begins to extrude buffering hydraulic oil, the buffering hydraulic oil is forced to enter a cavity C of the inner cavity of the piston rod through a fixed damping hole G and an adjustable damping hole E on the piston rod, and the pressure of the cavity C rises to push the floating piston 8 to move rightwards to compress a cavity D. When the floating piston 8 moves to the limit position, the end surface H of the guide section of the floating piston is in contact with the end surface I of the piston rod for limiting. At the stroke end, the diameter of the piston rod is increased from D1 to D2, the area of a throttling ring formed by the throttling ring and the diameter D3 of the damping ring 5 is reduced, the damping effect is enhanced, and the buffering capacity of the tail end is improved.
When the cylinder is required to reset, the piston rod 2 is pushed back through manual operation or external machinery, when the piston rod 2 is pushed back, the pressure of the rod cavity F and the pressure of the C cavity are reduced, hydraulic oil in the C cavity is compressed under the action of the spring force of the D cavity, the hydraulic oil returns to the rod cavity through the fixed damping hole G and the adjustable damping hole E, the buffering capacity of the cylinder is reset, and preparation is made for the next cylinder movement.
The invention is provided with a plurality of buffer adjusting means. Firstly, adjusting the filling amount of buffer hydraulic oil 6; secondly, the size of a damping hole G on the piston rod 2 is adjusted; thirdly, the size of the adjustable damping hole E is adjusted by adjusting the valve core 7-2 in the damping plug 7; fourthly, the diameter of the damping ring 5 is adjusted; fifthly, the rigidity of the return spring 9 is adjusted, so that the buffering back pressure is adjusted, and the buffering capacity is adjusted.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, after reading the present invention.
The invention has not been described in detail in part of the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (15)
1. A built-in gas-liquid mixed buffer extension type high-speed cylinder is characterized by comprising a cylinder barrel (1), a piston rod (2), an end cover (3), a snap ring (4), a damping ring (5), buffer hydraulic oil (6), a damping hole plug (7), a floating piston (8) and a reset spring (9);
the piston rod (2) is arranged inside the cylinder barrel (1), and the cylinder barrel (1) is provided with an air inlet B in the rodless cavity A; a cavity is arranged in the piston rod (2), and a damping hole plug (7), a floating piston (8) and a return spring (9) are sequentially arranged in the cavity; the floating piston divides the inner cavity of the piston rod into C, D two cavities, the cavity C is communicated with the rod cavity F of the cylinder, and the rod cavity F of the cylinder is filled with buffer hydraulic oil (6); the damping ring (5) is fixed at the tail end of the stroke of the cylinder through the end cover (3) and the clamping ring (4);
the piston rod starts to move under the action of the gas filled in the gas inlet B, the piston rod extrudes buffer hydraulic oil, the buffer hydraulic oil enters the cavity C and pushes the floating piston (8) to move, and meanwhile, a return spring (9) in the cavity D provides buffer back pressure.
2. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the damping hole plug (7) is of a variable damping structure and comprises a plug (7-1), a valve core (7-2) and a locking nut (7-3);
the plug (7-1) is fixedly connected with the piston rod (2) and ensures that the inner cavity of the piston rod is sealed with the rodless cavity, the plug (7-1) is provided with a damping hole E for adjusting damping close to the cavity C, the valve core (7-2) capable of adjusting the opening degree of the valve hole is arranged at the valve hole, and the valve core after adjustment is locked through the locking nut (7-3).
3. The cylinder of claim 2, wherein: the contact surface of the valve core (7-2) and the valve hole is designed by adopting a parabolic conical surface, the valve core (7-2) adjusts the opening degree of the valve hole through threads, and hydraulic oil flows into the cavity C through a flow passage arranged in the valve core (7-2).
4. The cylinder of claim 2, wherein: the damping hole plug (7) adopts a double-channel check ring (7-4) and sealing ring (7-5) combined sealing mode, and the check rings (7-4) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the sealing ring (7-5), so that the sealing ring can be prevented from being extruded by pressure difference on two sides.
5. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the floating piston (8) is provided with a sealing structure for isolating C, D cavities, is also provided with a guide section which is designed to be hollow and used for guiding a return spring (9), and simultaneously, the guide section of the floating piston also has a limiting function so as to prevent the spring from being compressed and damaging the spring or generating clamping stagnation.
6. The cylinder of claim 5, wherein: the floating piston is provided with a process threaded hole for assembly and disassembly.
7. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the piston rod (2) is designed to be variable in section, wherein the diameter D2 of the root of the piston rod, the diameter D1 of the front end of the piston rod and the diameter D3 of the damping ring (5) meet the requirement that D1 is more than D2 and more than D3.
8. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the damping ring (5) is an adjustable damping ring, and the diameter of the damping ring (5) is adjusted according to the buffering effect.
9. The cylinder according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: the damping ring (5) is made of copper.
10. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the rigidity of the reset spring is adjusted according to the buffering effect and the resetting effect of the buffer hydraulic oil.
11. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the cylinder barrel (1) is designed integrally.
12. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: and a rod cavity F of the cylinder is filled with partial buffer hydraulic oil (6), and the volume of the buffer hydraulic oil is smaller than the maximum volume of the cavity C.
13. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the cavity C is communicated with a rod cavity F of the cylinder through a damping hole E arranged on a damping hole plug (7) and a fixed damping hole G on the piston rod.
14. The cylinder of claim 13, wherein: the position of the fixed damping hole G needs to exceed the damping ring (5) when the piston rod moves to the stroke end.
15. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the adjustable support lug is connected to the front end of the piston rod (2) and locked through a locking nut (10).
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CN110539883B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-11-16 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Undercarriage receive and releases executor |
CN112744365B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-10-28 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Method for guaranteeing consistency of damping characteristics of shimmy damper of aircraft landing gear system |
CN116773358B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-07-02 | 台州远巢新型建材有限公司 | Concrete compression-resistant detection device and control method thereof |
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CN102454657A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-16 | 张宏如 | Pressure-controlled zero/full-load self-adapting oil vapor hanging cylinder |
CN104389849B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-08-17 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | A kind of buffering acting device being applicable to gas actuation |
CN204371830U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-06-03 | 广东天恒液压机械有限公司 | A kind of oil cylinder with throttle damping device |
EP3081820B1 (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2017-11-01 | Safran Landing Systems UK Limited | Hydraulic actuator and method of producing the same |
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