CN108547577B - Spiral drill bit - Google Patents

Spiral drill bit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108547577B
CN108547577B CN201810606002.3A CN201810606002A CN108547577B CN 108547577 B CN108547577 B CN 108547577B CN 201810606002 A CN201810606002 A CN 201810606002A CN 108547577 B CN108547577 B CN 108547577B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cutter head
drill bit
rod
drill
bit
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CN201810606002.3A
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CN108547577A (en
Inventor
姜庆
王德利
赵玉相
鲁克涛
葛晓冬
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Weihai Hydraulic & Geotechnical Engineering Co ltd
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Weihai Hydraulic & Geotechnical Engineering Co ltd
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Priority to CN201810606002.3A priority Critical patent/CN108547577B/en
Publication of CN108547577A publication Critical patent/CN108547577A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/44Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/26Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of spiral soil squeezing pile equipment for civil engineering, in particular to a spiral drill bit, which comprises a drill bit rod and a spiral blade and is characterized in that the lower end of the drill bit rod is provided with a cutter head seat surface, one side of the upper end of the cutter head seat surface is hinged with the drill bit rod, two sides of the lower end of the cutter head seat surface are respectively provided with a group of central rock-prying cutter heads, each central rock-prying cutter head consists of a central cutter head seat and a central cutter head, each central cutter head faces the rotation direction of the spiral blade and inclines obliquely downwards, the leaf surface of the spiral blade at the lower end of the drill bit rod is provided with a side rock-prying cutter head group, each side rock-prying cutter head consists of a side cutter head seat and a side cutter head, each side cutter head inclines obliquely downwards towards the rotation direction of the spiral blade, and the spiral drill bit has the advantages of good soil squeezing effect, high soil squeezing efficiency, capacity and the pile bearing capacity and friction resistance increasing.

Description

Spiral drill bit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spiral soil squeezing pile equipment for civil engineering, in particular to a spiral drill bit which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, good soil squeezing effect, high soil squeezing efficiency and capacity of increasing the bearing capacity and frictional resistance of piles.
Background
As is well known, in building construction, a long spiral drilling pile is usually formed by using a lower end connecting bolt of a common long spiral drilling rod to squeeze an earth drill bit, then installing the upper end of the drilling rod on the long spiral drilling machine to drill holes, wherein the existing earth-squeezing drilling bit is generally composed of a drill point, a drill bit rod and spiral blades, and the earth in the diameter range of the drilling rod is lifted out of the holes along with the blades in the drilling process, so that compaction piles are required to be added when collapsible loess or the soil needing compaction is treated, the drill bit rods between the spiral blades are provided with earth-squeezing expansion bodies with gradually-increasing diameters from bottom to top, the compaction effect is increased, the upward movement of the earth is hindered because the diameter of the earth-squeezing expansion bodies is gradually increased from bottom to top, the upward movement speed of the earth is reduced, the downward movement speed of the whole drill body is influenced, the earth-squeezing effect is influenced, and especially the existing earth-squeezing drilling bit is generally difficult to drill the rock stratum, the soil-squeezing effect is poor, and the damage of the drill bit is extremely easy to cause weathering due to hard weathering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide the spiral drill bit which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, good soil squeezing effect, high soil squeezing efficiency and capacity of increasing the bearing capacity and frictional resistance of the pile.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
The utility model provides a screw drill bit, this drill bit includes drill bit pole and helical blade, and the upper end of drill bit pole is connected with the drilling rod, is equipped with helical blade on the drill bit pole, helical blade upper end is equipped with the tool bit seat face with helical blade on the drilling rod smooth continuous connection, its characterized in that drill bit pole's lower extreme is equipped with tool bit seat face, and tool bit seat face upper end one side articulates with the drill bit pole mutually, and the both sides of tool bit seat face lower extreme are equipped with a set of central sled rock bit respectively, and the central sled rock bit comprises central tool bit seat and central tool bit, central tool bit seat be connected with tool bit seat face, the central tool bit is established on the central tool bit seat, and the central tool bit is 10-60 degrees contained angles towards helical blade rotation direction and oblique below respectively, is equipped with side sled rock bit head group on the blade face of helical blade of drill bit pole lower extreme, side sled rock bit head group comprises a side sled rock bit seat and side tool bit, side sled bit seat and side blade face are connected, side bit face are established on the side bit seat face, side bit seat face orientation respectively, the side bit face orientation is the tip of tip that the tool bit and tool bit face tip and tool bit face tip are 10-60 degrees contained angles, the tip that the tip of tool bit face is located to the tip, the tip of side face that the tip is in the oblique, the tip is the tip that the tip is located.
According to the invention, at least two side edge rock prying cutter head groups are uniformly distributed on the spiral circumference of the spiral blade surface of the lower end of the drill rod, so that the rock prying effect of the side edge rock prying cutter heads is increased.
According to the invention, the distance between the tip part of the central rock-prying tool bit on the tool bit seat surface and the tool bit seat surface is gradually reduced outwards along the axis of the drill bit shaft, so that a taper pile hole is formed by connecting the central rock-prying tool bit with the side rock-prying tool bit, and the drilling can be performed quickly and labor is saved.
The axis of the central cutter head and the axis of the drill rod are optimally formed into an included angle of 30-35 degrees, and the axis of the side cutter head and the axis of the drill rod are optimally formed into an included angle of 30-35 degrees.
The drill bit rod is provided with at least one soil squeezing and expanding unit, the soil squeezing and expanding unit is in a frustum shape with the diameter gradually reduced from bottom to top, the taper angle of the frustum-shaped soil squeezing and expanding unit is 30-85 degrees, the drill bit rod and the soil squeezing and expanding unit are continuously wound with squeezing and expanding spiral blades from bottom to top, the squeezing and expanding spiral blades are smoothly connected with the spiral blades on the drill bit, the squeezing and expanding spiral blades are in a frustum shape with the diameter gradually increased from bottom to top, the taper angle of the frustum-shaped squeezing and expanding spiral blades is 7-19 degrees, the pitch of the squeezing and expanding spiral blades wound on the drill bit rod and the soil squeezing and expanding unit is gradually increased from bottom to top, the squeezing and expanding effect is increased, and rapid drilling and reaming are realized through the simultaneous action of the upper tapered soil squeezing and expanding unit and the tapered squeezing and expanding spiral blades.
The soil squeezing and expanding units on the drill rod are sequentially arranged and connected in a continuous mode, and the squeezing and expanding spiral blades are wound on the soil squeezing and expanding units from bottom to top and are connected with the spiral blades on the drill rod in a smooth mode.
The soil squeezing and expanding units on the drill rod are connected at intervals, and the spiral squeezing and expanding blades are wound on the soil squeezing and expanding units and the drill rod from bottom to top and are continuously connected with the spiral blades on the drill rod.
The upper end face and the lower end face of the soil squeezing and expanding unit are respectively overlapped with the squeezing and expanding spiral blades wound on the upper end face and the lower end face of the soil squeezing and expanding unit, so that soil is prevented from being stored in gaps between the soil squeezing and expanding unit and the squeezing and expanding spiral blades, and the soil up-moving effect is ensured.
The diameter of the upper end face of the soil squeezing and expanding unit at the uppermost end of the drill rod is matched and connected with the diameter of the lower end face of the drill rod, so that the soil squeezing continuity is ensured, and the soil pushing effect is ensured.
Due to the adoption of the structure, the spiral drill bit has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, good soil squeezing effect, high soil squeezing efficiency and capability of increasing the bearing capacity and friction resistance of the pile.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the continuous connection of soil-squeezing and body-expanding units on a drill rod.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of part of fig. 2 in the F direction.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of M in fig. 2.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spacing connection of soil-squeezing and body-expanding units on a drill rod.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a bottom view of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the center prying bit with the drill stem of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a side prying bit to a drill stem in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in the drawing, the spiral drill bit comprises a drill bit rod 1 and spiral blades, wherein the upper end of the drill bit rod 1 is connected with a drill rod, the spiral blades are arranged on the drill bit rod 1, the upper ends of the spiral blades are smoothly and continuously connected with the spiral blades 2 on the drill rod 10, the spiral drill bit is characterized in that the lower end of the drill bit rod 1 is provided with a cutter head seat surface 3, one side of the upper end of the cutter head seat surface 3 is hinged with the drill bit rod 1, two sides of the lower end of the cutter head seat surface 3 are respectively provided with a group of central rock prying cutter heads, each central rock prying cutter head consists of a central cutter head seat 4 and a central cutter head 5, the central cutter head seat 4 is connected with the cutter head seat surface 3, the central cutter heads 5 are arranged on the central cutter head seat 4, the central cutter heads 5 face the rotation direction of the spiral blades and incline downwards obliquely, the axis of the center cutter head 5 forms an included angle of 10-60 degrees with the axis of the drill bit rod 1, the included angle is optimized to be 30-35 degrees, a side edge rock-prying cutter head group is arranged on the blade surface of the helical blade at the lower end of the drill bit rod 1, the side edge rock-prying cutter head group at least consists of a side edge rock-prying cutter head, the side edge rock-prying cutter head consists of a side edge cutter head seat 7 and a side edge cutter head 8, the side edge cutter head seat 7 is connected with the blade surface of the helical blade, the side edge cutter head 8 is arranged on the side edge cutter head seat 7, the side edge cutter head 8 faces the rotation direction of the helical blade and inclines obliquely downwards, the axis of the side edge cutter head 8 forms an included angle of 10-60 degrees with the axis of the drill bit rod 1, the included angle is optimized to be 30-35 degrees, and the end part of the side edge cutter head 8 extends out of the end plane of the cutter head seat surface 3, the distance between the end part of the center cutter head 5 and the cutter head seat surface 3 is larger than the distance between the end part of the side cutter head 7 and the cutter head seat surface 3, at least larger than 3cm, at least two side prying cutter head groups are uniformly distributed on the spiral circumference of the spiral blade surface of the spiral blade on the blade surface of the drill bit rod 1, the prying effect of the side prying cutter heads is increased, the distance between the tip part of the center prying cutter head on the cutter head seat surface 3 and the cutter head seat surface 3 is gradually reduced outwards along the axis of the drill bit rod 1, so that a taper pile hole is formed by connecting the center prying cutter head and the side prying cutter heads, the drill bit rod 1 can be quickly drilled and saves labor, at least one soil squeezing and expanding unit 8 is arranged on the drill bit rod 1, the soil squeezing and expanding unit 8 is in a frustum shape with gradually reduced diameter from bottom to top, the taper angle B of the frustum-shaped soil squeezing and expanding unit 8 is 30-85 degrees, the drill bit rod 1 and the soil squeezing and expanding unit 8 are continuously wound with a squeezing and expanding helical blade 9 from bottom to top, the squeezing and expanding helical blade 9 is smoothly connected with the helical blade 2 on the drill bit 10, the squeezing and expanding helical blade 9 is in a frustum shape with gradually increased diameter from bottom to top, the taper angle A of the frustum-shaped squeezing and expanding helical blade 9 is 7-19 degrees, the edge of the squeezing and expanding helical blade 9 is provided with drilling teeth facing the outer side of the blade, and the rapid down drilling is realized through the simultaneous action of the upper tapered soil squeezing and expanding unit 8 and the tapered squeezing and expanding helical blade 9, Reaming, the pitch of the extruding and expanding spiral blade 9 wound on the drill rod 1 and the extruding and expanding unit 8 is gradually increased from bottom to top, the pitch is L1, L2 and L3 in figure 1, L1 is smaller than L2 and L3, the extruding and expanding effect is increased, the extruding and expanding unit 8 on the drill rod 1 is orderly arranged and continuously connected, the extruding and expanding spiral blade 9 is wound on the extruding and expanding unit 8 from bottom to top and is smoothly connected with the spiral blade 2 on the drill rod 10, the extruding and expanding unit 8 on the drill rod 1 is connected at intervals, the extruding and expanding spiral blade 9 is wound on the extruding and expanding unit 8 and the drill rod 1 from bottom to top and is continuously connected with the spiral blade 2 on the drill rod 10, the upper end face and the lower end face of the soil extrusion and expansion unit 8 are respectively overlapped with extrusion and expansion spiral blades 9 wound on the upper end face and the lower end face of the soil extrusion and expansion unit 8, so that soil is prevented from being stored in a gap between the soil extrusion and expansion unit 8 and the extrusion and expansion spiral blades 9, the soil up-moving effect is ensured, the diameter of the upper end face of the soil extrusion and expansion unit 8 at the uppermost end of the drill rod 1 is matched and connected with the diameter of the lower end face of the drill rod 10, the soil extrusion continuity is ensured, and the soil pushing effect is ensured, the other end of the connecting guard plate 11 is wrapped on the outer surface of the uppermost soil-squeezing and body-expanding unit 8 of the drill rod 1 and is connected through a connecting bolt 12, a connecting boss 13 is arranged on the lower end face of the drill rod 10, a connecting groove 14 matched with the connecting boss 13 is arranged on the upper end face of the drill rod 1, the drill bit and the drill rod 10 are connected in a positioning mode through the matching connection of the connecting boss 13 and the connecting groove 14, drill points are arranged on the circumferential edges of the soil-squeezing and expansion spiral blades, and soil expansion is assisted.
When the invention is used, the drill rod 10 is connected with the drill bit, the driving mechanism drives the rotary head to rotate and move downwards, in the process of rotating and moving downwards, the central rock-picking tool bit and the lateral rock-picking tool bit are arranged in the drill bit, so that a rock soil layer can be quickly picked up, the extrusion expansion spiral blade 9 in the drill bit is downwards conical, the drill bit is beneficial to drilling, the descending speed is improved, meanwhile, the drill rod 1 is provided with the soil extrusion expansion unit 8 which is upwards conical, the soil extrusion expansion unit 8 forms a cutting edge, the cutting is beneficial to cutting, the soil extrusion can be carried out, the soil is beneficial to bulldozing and ascending, the reaction force pushes the extrusion expansion spiral blade 9 to downwards, the compaction effect is realized on the soil, the construction efficiency is improved, and particularly the extrusion expansion unit which is upwards conical can be used for extruding the filled concrete pile, so that the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is increased, and the drill rod and the concrete pile are hollow.
Examples
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a center prying bit a is arranged on the left side of a bit seat surface of the lower end face of the drill bit rod, two center prying bit b and c are arranged on the right side of the bit seat surface, a side prying bit d is arranged on the left side of the drill bit rod, a side prying bit e is arranged on the right side of the drill bit rod, a distance a < b < c < d < e between the center prying bit and the side prying bit and a distance a > b > c > d > e between the center prying bit and the side prying bit and a distance a > b > c > e between the center prying bit and the side prying bit and a face of the bit seat surface are respectively, in the prying process, the center prying bit b and c, the side prying bit d and the side prying bit e sequentially pry a tapered pile hole, so that a plurality of prying bits are dispersed and reamed and continuously reamed compared with single bit in the prior art, the stress is small and continuous, and the reaming effect and efficiency are increased.

Claims (5)

1. The screw drill bit comprises a drill bit rod and screw blades, wherein the upper end of the drill bit rod is connected with the drill bit rod, the screw blades are arranged on the drill bit rod, the upper end of the screw blades are smoothly and continuously connected with the screw blades on the drill bit rod, the screw drill bit is characterized in that the lower end of the drill bit rod is provided with a cutter head seat surface, one side of the upper end of the cutter head seat surface is hinged with the drill bit rod, two sides of the lower end of the cutter head seat surface are respectively provided with a group of central cutter heads, each central cutter head consists of a central cutter head seat and a central cutter head, the central cutter heads are connected with the cutter head seat surface, each central cutter head is arranged on the central cutter head seat, each central cutter head faces the rotation direction of the screw blade and inclines obliquely downwards, the blade surface of the screw blades at the lower end of the drill bit rod is provided with a side cutter head set, each side cutter head set consists of at least one side cutter head seat and each side cutter head, the side edge tool bit seat is connected with the blade surface of the helical blade, the side edge tool bit is arranged on the side edge tool bit seat, the side edge tool bit faces the rotation direction of the helical blade and inclines obliquely downwards, the axis of the side edge tool bit and the axis of the drill bit rod form an included angle of 10-60 degrees, the end part of the side edge tool bit extends out of the end plane of the tool bit seat surface, the distance between the end part of the center tool bit and the tool bit seat surface is larger than the distance between the end part of the side edge tool bit and the tool bit seat surface, at least two side edge rock-prying tool bit groups are uniformly distributed on the helical circumference of the blade surface of the helical blade, the distance between the tip part of the center rock-prying tool bit on the tool bit seat surface and the tool bit seat surface gradually decreases outwards along the axis of the drill bit rod so that the connecting line of the center rock-prying tool bit and the side edge rock-prying tool bit forms a taper pile hole, the center tool bit axis is 30-35 degrees contained angles with the drill bit axis optimization, the axis of side tool bit is 30-35 degrees contained angles with the drill bit axis optimization, the drill bit pole on be equipped with at least one crowded native body unit that expands, crowded native body unit from bottom to top is the frustum form that reduces gradually in diameter, the taper angle of the crowded native body unit that expands of frustum form is 30~85 degrees, the drill bit pole is with crowded spiral vane that expands from bottom to top twines in succession, crowded spiral vane is connected with spiral vane on the drilling rod smoothly, crowded spiral vane that expands from bottom to top is the frustum form that increases gradually in diameter, the taper angle of the crowded spiral vane that expands of frustum form is 7 degrees ~19 degrees, the crowded spiral vane that expands on the crowded native body unit that expands of drill bit pole and crowded, the drill bit pole face middle part through crowded native body unit that expands of upper cone and the crowded spiral vane that expands of cone effect realization is down drilling, reaming simultaneously.
2. The spiral drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the soil squeezing and expanding units on the drill bit rod are sequentially arranged to be continuously connected, and the soil squeezing and expanding spiral blades are wound on the soil squeezing and expanding units from bottom to top and are in smooth connection with the spiral blades on the drill rod.
3. The screw drill according to claim 1, wherein the soil squeezing and expanding units on the drill rod are connected at intervals, and the soil squeezing and expanding screw blades are wound on the soil squeezing and expanding units and the drill rod from bottom to top and are continuously connected with the screw blades on the drill rod.
4. The screw drill according to claim 1, wherein the upper end face and the lower end face of the soil-squeezing and body-expanding unit are respectively overlapped with the squeezing and body-expanding screw blades wound on the upper end face and the lower end face of the soil-squeezing and body-expanding unit.
5. The screw drill according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the upper end face of the earth-squeezing and expanding unit at the uppermost end of the drill rod is matched and connected with the diameter of the lower end face of the drill rod.
CN201810606002.3A 2018-06-13 2018-06-13 Spiral drill bit Active CN108547577B (en)

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CN108547577B true CN108547577B (en) 2024-06-11

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110219597B (en) * 2019-06-25 2024-06-21 吉林省大星基础工程科技有限公司 Drilling tool device for spiral soil squeezing and pile pressing and pile foundation pile construction method

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JP2004308291A (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-11-04 Nippon Koatsu Concrete Kk Excavation head for embedding existing pile with enlarging bit
CN101812976A (en) * 2010-05-14 2010-08-25 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 Adjustable multiple coil extruding and expanding drilling tool
RU116889U1 (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-06-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Торгово-промышленная компания "СПЕРАНЦА" Rock Drill
CN202866660U (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-04-10 郑州正弘桩工机械制造有限公司 Drilling machine drill bit and long spiral drilling machine utilizing the same
CN104806169A (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-29 上海工程机械厂有限公司 Hole expanding drill bit
CN107503683A (en) * 2017-09-19 2017-12-22 浙江鸿晨建设有限公司 The embedding lithotype rig gantry type drill bit device of long spire
CN208280905U (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-25 威海市水利岩土工程有限公司 A kind of augers

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US10190280B2 (en) * 2009-12-18 2019-01-29 Foundation Constructors, Inc. Drill tip for foundation pile

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004308291A (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-11-04 Nippon Koatsu Concrete Kk Excavation head for embedding existing pile with enlarging bit
CN101812976A (en) * 2010-05-14 2010-08-25 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 Adjustable multiple coil extruding and expanding drilling tool
RU116889U1 (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-06-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Торгово-промышленная компания "СПЕРАНЦА" Rock Drill
CN202866660U (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-04-10 郑州正弘桩工机械制造有限公司 Drilling machine drill bit and long spiral drilling machine utilizing the same
CN104806169A (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-29 上海工程机械厂有限公司 Hole expanding drill bit
CN107503683A (en) * 2017-09-19 2017-12-22 浙江鸿晨建设有限公司 The embedding lithotype rig gantry type drill bit device of long spire
CN208280905U (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-25 威海市水利岩土工程有限公司 A kind of augers

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