CN108543420B - Automatic-adjustment ammonia spraying grid device capable of simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention and ammonia spraying method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic-adjustment ammonia spraying grid device capable of simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention and ammonia spraying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108543420B CN108543420B CN201810464267.4A CN201810464267A CN108543420B CN 108543420 B CN108543420 B CN 108543420B CN 201810464267 A CN201810464267 A CN 201810464267A CN 108543420 B CN108543420 B CN 108543420B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ammonia spraying grid device capable of automatically adjusting and simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention and an ammonia spraying method thereof, belonging to the field of environmental protection of coal-fired boilers. The existing ammonia spraying grid has poor mixing effect of ammonia gas and flue gas, large adjustment workload and easy blockage. In the invention, a smoke flow velocity tracking device is connected with a first lever which is connected with an ammonia spraying branch pipe; the second lever is connected with the first lever, and the second lever is also connected with the connecting rod; the connecting rod is positioned in the nozzle, sequentially penetrates through the nozzle opening adjusting valve and the elastic component and is connected with the supporting ring, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is positioned on the nozzle, the elastic component is positioned in the nozzle, one end of the elastic component is adjacent to the nozzle opening adjusting valve and is fixed with the inner wall of the nozzle, and the other end of the elastic component is fixed with the supporting ring; the guide ring is arranged on the outer wall of the nozzle, and the second lever penetrates through the guide ring; the spray nozzle is communicated with the ammonia spraying branch pipe. The invention realizes automatic adjustment of the opening degree of each nozzle according to the flow velocity of the flue gas by applying a simple mechanical principle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ammonia spraying grid device capable of automatically adjusting and simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention and an ammonia spraying method thereof, belonging to the field of environmental protection of coal-fired boilers.
Background
The coal generates a large amount of harmful substances in the combustion process, and the problem of NOx pollution generated by the coal in the thermal power generation industry is widely focused by various communities. The method provides a serious challenge for the stable and efficient operation of the denitration device for comprehensively realizing the ultralow emission reconstruction of the coal-fired unit. The running condition of the ammonia injection grid is directly related to the NOx removal efficiency, the ammonia escape rate, the catalyst life, the air preheater blockage and the like of the denitration system.
The conventional ammonia injection grid has some disadvantages and shortcomings: the traditional ammonia injection grids are arranged linearly or in a partitioned mode, the injection quantity reduced in the same line or the same area is the same, such as the Chinese patent with the application number of 201710070946.9, but the flow field distribution in a flue is uneven, the flue gas flow of each injection point is different or even changes in real time, and in the face of the situation, the mixing effect of ammonia and the flue gas is poor no matter the ammonia injection grids are arranged linearly or in a partitioned mode. The traditional ammonia injection grid has large adjustment workload, the ammonia injection grid is not changed along with the change of the load and the condition of the flue internal flow field after the adjustment, but the condition of the flue internal flow field is complex, and almost every second is changed, so the traditional ammonia injection grid has poor adaptability to the change of the flue gas condition, and the system operation efficiency is low. In addition, part of the nozzles in the ammonia injection grid are upward in opening and are easily blocked by flue collapse ash or low-load sedimentation ash.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an ammonia spraying grid device which is reasonable in design and can be used for automatically adjusting and simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention, and an ammonia spraying method thereof.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the ammonia spraying grid device capable of automatically adjusting and simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention is characterized by comprising a smoke flow velocity tracking device, a first lever, a second lever, a connecting component, a nozzle opening adjusting valve, an elastic component, a connecting rod, a supporting ring, a nozzle, an ammonia spraying branch pipe, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a guide ring; the smoke flow velocity tracking device is connected with one end of a first lever, and the other end of the first lever is connected with the ammonia spraying branch pipe through a first rotating shaft; one end of the second lever is connected with the first lever through a second rotating shaft, and the other end of the second lever is connected with the connecting rod through a connecting part; the connecting rod is positioned in the nozzle, the connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the nozzle opening adjusting valve and the elastic component and is connected with the supporting ring, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is positioned on the nozzle, the elastic component is positioned in the nozzle, one end of the elastic component is adjacent to the nozzle opening adjusting valve and is fixed with the inner wall of the nozzle, and the other end of the elastic component is fixed with the supporting ring; the guide ring is arranged on the outer wall of the nozzle, and the second lever penetrates through the guide ring; the nozzle is communicated with the ammonia spraying branch pipe. The smoke flow velocity tracking device is used for turbulent flow of smoke, so that the smoke generates vortex, the first lever is driven to move, the second lever is driven to move by the first lever, and accordingly a gap is generated between the nozzle opening adjusting valve and the nozzle, and gas in the nozzle is ejected.
Furthermore, the nozzles are arranged in a plurality, and the nozzles are sequentially arranged on the ammonia spraying branch pipe. The gas flow sprayed out of the nozzle can adapt to the flue gas flow at different positions.
Further, the nozzles are arranged perpendicular to the ammonia injection branch pipe.
Further, the smoke flow velocity tracking device is rigidly connected with the first lever. The device can respond to the flow velocity of the flue gas at the flue gas flow velocity tracking device more sensitively, and is convenient for the nozzle opening regulating valve to have proper opening.
Further, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is of an inverted cone structure, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is located at the end of the nozzle, and the nozzle opening adjusting valve is matched with the nozzle. And when the flow rate of the flue gas is 0m/s, the nozzle opening regulating valve is completely closed.
Further, the support ring has a hollow plate structure for gas circulation. Facilitating the passage of gas from the middle.
An ammonia spraying method for automatically adjusting an ammonia spraying grid device capable of simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention as described above is characterized by comprising the following steps: the flue gas collides with the flue gas flow velocity tracking device in the flowing process, and forms vortex at the flue gas flow velocity tracking device; the smoke flow velocity tracking device and the first lever rotate around the first rotating shaft under the pushing of smoke, so that the second lever is driven to rotate around the second rotating shaft, and meanwhile, the second lever and the guide ring move; under the action of the second lever, the connecting rod is pulled to move through the connecting part, so that the nozzle opening adjusting valve is driven to move, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is opened, and the ammonia gas and air mixture in the ammonia spraying branch pipe is sprayed and is vigorously mixed with the flue gas under the turbulent flow action of the flue gas at the flue gas flow velocity tracking device. The flow of gas sprayed by the nozzle can be automatically regulated according to the flow rate of the flue gas, the change of the flow of the flue gas in the flue can be adapted, the adaptability is strong, and the operation efficiency of the system is improved.
Further, the smoke flow velocity tracking device and the first lever rotate around the first rotating shaft by different angles according to different smoke flow velocities. Thereby controlling the opening of the nozzle opening regulating valve to adapt to the change of the flue gas flow.
Furthermore, the opening of the nozzle opening regulating valve is correspondingly regulated by each flue gas flow velocity tracking device according to the flue gas flow velocity at the position of the flue gas flow velocity tracking device, and the responding flue gas flow velocity range is 0-20m/s, so that the aim of automatically regulating the opening of each nozzle according to the flue gas flow velocity is fulfilled.
Further, when the flue gas flow rate is zero, the nozzle opening regulating valve is tightly matched with the inner wall of the nozzle; the opening of the nozzle opening regulating valve is increased along with the increase of the flue gas flow rate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the flue gas flow velocity tracking device can timely adjust the opening of the nozzle opening regulating valve according to the flue gas flow in front of the nozzle, so that NH (NH) generated by too high ammonia concentration in a region with small flue gas flow caused by equal ammonia injection of the traditional ammonia injection grid is avoided 4 HSO 4 Phenomenon and ammonia escape phenomenon, and phenomenon that NOx is not fully removed and is out of standard emission caused by too low ammonia concentration in a region with large flue gas flow before a nozzle.
2. The flue gas flow velocity tracking device has the function of enabling the flue gas flowing through the flue gas flow velocity tracking device to generate vortex, and the flue gas is intensified to be mixed with ammonia gas sprayed out of the nozzle under the action of the vortex, so that the full reaction of the ammonia gas and NOx in the subsequent catalyst section is facilitated.
3. The nozzle opening regulating valve is closed under the condition that the flow rate of the flue gas is 0m/s or the machine is stopped, so that the nozzle blockage caused by smoke dust sedimentation, ash collapse and the like can be effectively avoided, and the serious ammonia injection caused by the nozzle blockage is avoidedUneven, reduced denitration efficiency, excessive ammonia slip, asymmetric catalyst life consumption, and NH 4 HSO 4 A series of problems such as deposition and increased equipment resistance.
4. The smoke flow velocity tracking device is made of wear-resistant materials, and other equipment and parts are made of common steel materials; the mechanical automatic transmission is adopted, the failure rate is small, the operation is stable, special personnel operation is not needed, only inspection and maintenance are needed during the shutdown period, the full localization condition is achieved, and the equipment and operation and maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the front view of an ammonia injection grid device capable of automatically adjusting and simultaneously enhancing mixing and blocking prevention in the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ammonia injection grid device for automatically adjusting and simultaneously enhancing mixing and blocking prevention in the present embodiment.
In the figure: the flue gas flow velocity tracking device 1, a first lever 2, a second lever 3, a connecting part 4, a nozzle opening adjusting valve 5, an elastic part 6, a connecting rod 7, a supporting ring 8, a nozzle 9, an ammonia injection branch pipe 10, a first rotating shaft 11, a second rotating shaft 12 and a guide ring 13.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, an automatic adjustment ammonia injection grille device capable of simultaneously enhancing mixing and blocking prevention comprises a flue gas flow rate tracking device 1, a first lever 2, a second lever 3, a connecting component 4, a nozzle opening adjusting valve 5, an elastic component 6, a connecting rod 7, a supporting ring 8, a nozzle 9, an ammonia injection branch pipe 10, a first rotating shaft 11, a second rotating shaft 12 and a guide ring 13.
The smoke flow velocity tracking device 1 is rigidly connected with one end of a first lever 2, and has no elastic deformation at 500 ℃. The other end of the first lever 2 is connected with an ammonia spraying branch pipe 10 through a first rotating shaft 11, and the first lever 2 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 11; one end of the second lever 3 is connected with the first lever 2 through a second rotating shaft 12, and the other end of the second lever 3 is connected with the connecting rod 7 through a connecting part 4; the connecting rod 7 is positioned in the nozzle 9, the connecting rod 7 sequentially penetrates through the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 and the elastic component 6 and is connected with the supporting ring 8, the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 is positioned on the nozzle 9, the elastic component 6 is positioned in the nozzle 9, one end of the elastic component 6 is adjacent to the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 and is fixed with the inner wall of the nozzle 9, and the other end of the elastic component 6 is fixed with the supporting ring 8; the supporting ring 8 is of a hollow plate-shaped structure and is used for gas circulation, so that the through flow of the ammonia gas and air mixture in the nozzle 9 is ensured. The guide ring 13 is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle 9, and the lever No. 2 penetrates the circular guide ring 13 and can slide in the guide ring 13. The spray nozzles 9 are communicated with the ammonia spraying branch pipes 10, a plurality of spray nozzles 9 are arranged, and the spray nozzles 9 are sequentially arranged on the ammonia spraying branch pipes 10; the nozzles 9 are arranged perpendicular to the ammonia injection branch pipe 10. The nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 is of an inverted cone structure, and in the state that the nozzle 9 is opened, the flue gas is sprayed outwards in a conical shape along the aperture of the wall of the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 and the aperture of the wall of the nozzle 9, so that the mixing of ammonia gas and the flue gas can be enhanced. The nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 is located at an end of the nozzle 9, and the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 is engaged with the nozzle 9.
An ammonia spraying method for automatically adjusting an ammonia spraying grid device capable of simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention comprises the following steps: the ammonia spraying grille device and related equipment are arranged at the inlet of the SCR denitration system and positioned in the front flue of the denitration catalyst, and the flue gas passes through the ammonia spraying grille device and related guide plates and enters the denitration reactor after passing through the rectification grille. The flue gas collides with the flue gas flow velocity tracking device 1 in the flowing process, and a vortex is formed at the flue gas flow velocity tracking device 1 under the turbulent flow action of the flue gas flow velocity tracking device 1; the smoke flow velocity tracking device 1 and the first lever 2 rotate around the first rotating shaft 11 under the pushing of smoke, so that the second lever 3 is driven to rotate around the second rotating shaft 12, and meanwhile, the second lever 3 and the guide ring 13 move; under the action of the second lever 3, the connecting rod 7 is pulled to move through the connecting part 4, so that the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 is driven to move, the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 is opened, and the ammonia gas-air mixture in the ammonia spraying branch pipe 10 is sprayed and is vigorously mixed with the flue gas under the turbulent flow action of the flue gas at the flue gas flow velocity tracking device 1.
The smoke flow velocity tracking device 1 and the first lever 2 rotate around the first rotating shaft 11 for different angles according to different smoke flow velocities, each smoke flow velocity tracking device 1 correspondingly adjusts the opening of the nozzle opening adjusting valve 5 according to the smoke flow velocity at the position of the smoke flow velocity tracking device, and the responsive smoke flow velocity range is 0-20m/s, so that the aim of automatically adjusting the opening of each nozzle 9 according to the smoke flow velocity is fulfilled; when the flow rate of the flue gas is 0m/s, the nozzle opening regulating valve 5 is completely closed, and as the flow rate of the flue gas increases, the opening of the nozzle opening regulating valve 5 increases, so that the automatic tracking adjustment of the ammonia injection amount on the flow rate of the flue gas is realized.
Although the present invention is described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but is capable of modification and variation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The ammonia spraying grid device capable of automatically adjusting and simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention is characterized by comprising a smoke flow velocity tracking device, a first lever, a second lever, a connecting component, a nozzle opening adjusting valve, an elastic component, a connecting rod, a supporting ring, a nozzle, an ammonia spraying branch pipe, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a guide ring; the smoke flow velocity tracking device is connected with one end of a first lever, and the other end of the first lever is connected with the ammonia spraying branch pipe through a first rotating shaft; one end of the second lever is connected with the first lever through a second rotating shaft, and the other end of the second lever is connected with the connecting rod through a connecting part; the connecting rod is positioned in the nozzle, the connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the nozzle opening adjusting valve and the elastic component and is connected with the supporting ring, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is positioned on the nozzle, the elastic component is positioned in the nozzle, one end of the elastic component is adjacent to the nozzle opening adjusting valve and is fixed with the inner wall of the nozzle, and the other end of the elastic component is fixed with the supporting ring; the guide ring is arranged on the outer wall of the nozzle, and the second lever penetrates through the guide ring; the nozzle is communicated with the ammonia spraying branch pipe; the nozzle opening adjusting valve is positioned at the end part of the nozzle; the smoke flow velocity tracking device is rigidly connected with the first lever, and the smoke flow velocity tracking device and the first lever rotate around the first rotating shaft by different angles according to different smoke flow velocities.
2. The automatic-adjusting and simultaneous-mixing-enhancing and anti-blocking ammonia injection grid device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of nozzles are provided, and the plurality of nozzles are sequentially arranged on the ammonia injection branch pipe.
3. The automatic-adjusting and simultaneous-mixing and anti-blocking ammonia injection grid device according to claim 2, wherein the nozzles are arranged perpendicular to the ammonia injection branch pipes.
4. The automatic-adjusting and simultaneous-mixing-enhancing and anti-blocking ammonia injection grid device according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle opening adjusting valve is of an inverted cone structure and is matched with the nozzle.
5. The automatic mixing and anti-blocking ammonia injection grid device according to claim 1, wherein the support ring has a hollow plate structure for gas circulation.
6. An ammonia injection method for automatically adjusting an ammonia injection grid device for simultaneously enhancing mixing and blocking prevention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ammonia injection method comprises the following steps: the flue gas collides with the flue gas flow velocity tracking device in the flowing process, and forms vortex at the flue gas flow velocity tracking device; the smoke flow velocity tracking device and the first lever rotate around the first rotating shaft under the pushing of smoke, so that the second lever is driven to rotate around the second rotating shaft, and meanwhile, the second lever and the guide ring move; under the action of the second lever, the connecting rod is pulled to move through the connecting part, so that the nozzle opening adjusting valve is driven to move, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is opened, and the ammonia gas and air mixture in the ammonia spraying branch pipe is sprayed and is vigorously mixed with the flue gas under the turbulent flow action of the flue gas at the flue gas flow velocity tracking device.
7. The ammonia spraying method of the ammonia spraying grille device capable of automatically adjusting and simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking according to claim 6, wherein each flue gas flow rate tracking device correspondingly adjusts the opening of the nozzle opening adjusting valve according to the flue gas flow rate at the position of the flue gas flow rate tracking device, and the responsive flue gas flow rate range is 0-20m/s, so that the aim of automatically adjusting the opening of each nozzle according to the flue gas flow rate is fulfilled.
8. The method for automatically adjusting an ammonia injection of an ammonia injection grille device capable of simultaneously enhancing mixing and blocking prevention according to claim 7, wherein when the flow rate of flue gas is zero, the nozzle opening adjusting valve is tightly matched with the inner wall of the nozzle; the opening of the nozzle opening regulating valve is increased along with the increase of the flue gas flow rate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810464267.4A CN108543420B (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | Automatic-adjustment ammonia spraying grid device capable of simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention and ammonia spraying method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810464267.4A CN108543420B (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | Automatic-adjustment ammonia spraying grid device capable of simultaneously strengthening mixing and blocking prevention and ammonia spraying method thereof |
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| CN108543420A CN108543420A (en) | 2018-09-18 |
| CN108543420B true CN108543420B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5660656A (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1981-05-25 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Nozzle direction regulating mechanism for liquid injector |
| CN101829498A (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2010-09-15 | 东南大学 | Ammonia-spraying grille and design method thereof |
| CN203520711U (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-02 | 田旭 | Energy conversion demonstration instrument |
| CN205745568U (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-11-30 | 河北惠沧节能科技有限公司 | A kind of high-precision flow self-adjusting valve |
| CN206897179U (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-01-19 | 华电电力科学研究院 | A kind of anti-blocking efficient ammonia-gas spraying device of adverse current for SCR denitration system ammonia-spraying grid |
| CN207153628U (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-03-30 | 国电科学技术研究院 | SCR denitration system vortex mixer accumulatingdust device |
| CN208583181U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-03-08 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of adjust automatically strengthens mixing and anti-blocking ammonia-spraying grid device simultaneously |
-
2018
- 2018-05-15 CN CN201810464267.4A patent/CN108543420B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5660656A (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1981-05-25 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Nozzle direction regulating mechanism for liquid injector |
| CN101829498A (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2010-09-15 | 东南大学 | Ammonia-spraying grille and design method thereof |
| CN203520711U (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-02 | 田旭 | Energy conversion demonstration instrument |
| CN205745568U (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-11-30 | 河北惠沧节能科技有限公司 | A kind of high-precision flow self-adjusting valve |
| CN206897179U (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-01-19 | 华电电力科学研究院 | A kind of anti-blocking efficient ammonia-gas spraying device of adverse current for SCR denitration system ammonia-spraying grid |
| CN207153628U (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-03-30 | 国电科学技术研究院 | SCR denitration system vortex mixer accumulatingdust device |
| CN208583181U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-03-08 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of adjust automatically strengthens mixing and anti-blocking ammonia-spraying grid device simultaneously |
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