CN108540278A - A kind of fast decoding method of Physical Broadcast Channel system message in LTE communication system - Google Patents

A kind of fast decoding method of Physical Broadcast Channel system message in LTE communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108540278A
CN108540278A CN201810226031.7A CN201810226031A CN108540278A CN 108540278 A CN108540278 A CN 108540278A CN 201810226031 A CN201810226031 A CN 201810226031A CN 108540278 A CN108540278 A CN 108540278A
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pbch
antenna port
port number
channel
pss
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田增山
蒋朋纯
周牧
杨小龙
李志濠
李玲霞
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Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H04L5/0008—Wavelet-division
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
    • H04B1/7083—Cell search, e.g. using a three-step approach
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0057—Physical resource allocation for CQI

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of fast decoding methods of Physical Broadcast Channel system message in LTE communication system, belong to mobile communication technology field.This approach includes the following steps：(1) in order to fast implement down-going synchronous, the method for being segmented aliasing fast correlation using PSS codes finds frame start position；(2) antenna port number that may be used according to transmission data extracts all possible CRS information, and obtains complete channel information H by linear interpolation method；(3) the phase scatter plot of channel information H is subjected to the matched curve that smothing filtering obtains using Kalman filtering algorithm and acquires phase absolute error as difference with former scatter plot(4) according to the absolute error of the thresholding of setting and 4 portsIt makes decisions, to obtain antenna port number.Then PBCH decodings, if CRC check passes through, successfully decoded are carried out.This method accelerates the speed of down-going synchronous, at the same avoid antenna port number it is unknown caused by PBCH blind Detectings operation, the decoding speed of PBCH can be greatly speeded up.

Description

A kind of fast decoding method of Physical Broadcast Channel system message in LTE communication system
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology fields, are related to a kind of quick decoding side of Physical Broadcast Channel system message Method.
Background technology
LTE (Long Term Evolution, long term evolution) is by 3GPP (The 3rd Generation Partnership Project, third generation partner program) UMTS (the Universal Mobile that organize to set up Telecommunications System, Universal Mobile Communication System) technical standard Long Term Evolution, in 2004 12 The moon formally sets up the project and starts in the meeting of the Toronto 3GPP.Ministry of Industry and Information in December, 2013 to China Mobile, China Unicom and in State's telecommunications formally promulgates " LTE/ forth generation digital mobile cellular telecommunication business (TD-LTE) " operation permission, in 2 months 2015 to China Telecom and China Unicom formally promulgate " LTE/ forth generation digital mobile cellular telecommunication business (FDD-LTE) " operation permission. LTE system introduces OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing simultaneously With) and the key technologies such as MIMO (Multi-Input＆Multi-Output, multiple-input and multiple-output), significantly increase spectrum efficiency And message transmission rate, LTE preferably meets the demand that people transmit high speed information compared with preceding third-generation mobile communication, Downlink peak rates can reach 100Mbps, and uplink is up to 50Mbps.
LTE network is mainly made of E-UTRAN (access net) and EPC (core net), and access net is made of eNodeB, core Net is by MME (Mobility Management Entity), S-GW (Serving Gateway) and P-GW (PDN Gateway it) constitutes.UE (user terminal) is by connecting eNodeB, then by eNodeB connects EPC, UE and Packet Data Network it Between seamless mobile IP connections are provided.LTE communication system protocol stack is followed successively by rrc layer from top to bottom, PDCP layers, rlc layer, MAC Layer, physical layer.Wherein physical layer realizes the function that transmission channel is mapped to physical channel, and the downlink of physical layer includes mainly PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PMCH (Physical Multicast Channel), PDCCH (physical downs Control channel), PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel) and PHICH (Physical HARQ Indicator Channel).Wherein the present invention relates to And be process that physical broadcast in physical layer (PBCH) channel quickly solves MIB message.
The sides eNodeB carry out PBCH transmission blocks to carry out scrambling and QPSK modulation after channel coding, rate-matched, pass through RE mappings and IFFT conversion process are carried out after layer mapping and precoding behaviour, then is carried out after Digital Up Convert operation by multi-antenna diversity Transmission carries out signal broadcast.The MIB message of PBCH transmission includes 24bit data, and preceding 14bit is information bit, and rear 10bit is sky White bit.The content that mib information bit includes is followed successively by：The bandwidth indication bit of 3bit, is used to refer to dl-Bandwidth (n6,n15,n25,n50,n100)；The PHICH config indication bits of 3bit, wherein 1 bit indicates the PHICH duration (normal/extend), 2 bits instruction PHICH resource numbers (1/6,1/2,1,2)；8bit is used to refer to SFN afterwards (System Frame Number, System Frame Number) most-significant byte, low 2 of SFN are obtained by PBCH blind Detectings.
In LTE system, conventional cell search and down-going synchronous process rely primarily on the good perseverance mould zero of main synchronous PSS sequences Autocorrelation performance, it is related by the PSS sequences progress for being locally generated complete PSS sequences to receiving, according to relevant peaks Position judges Primary Synchronisation Code position, to further acquire frame start position.One group of PSS sequence by 63 values ZC Sequence forms, and totally 168 groups of local PSS sequences, and the computationally intensive time delay of conventional slip related algorithm is high.In addition, signal is sent End can send PBCH message by four antennas that port numbers are 0,1,2,3, and antenna port number embodying information is in object It manages in the cyclic redundancy check code (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC) in broadcast channel MIB message.Traditional blind examination Method of determining and calculating needs to carry out complete PBCH decoding operates to the antenna port number situation for being possibly used for transmission, then by sentencing Whether disconnected CRC check is by carrying out port number verification.It may undergo 3 complete decoding processes, need prodigious calculating Amount, has a great impact to the time delay of system.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, a kind of the quick of Physical Broadcast Channel system message is provided Coding/decoding method, this method can realize the fast correlation of Primary Synchronisation Code, effectively reduce the time of down-going synchronous process consumption；And And smothing filtering is carried out to the phase of channel estimation value by Kalman filtering algorithm, by filter result and practical reception value phase It is poor to make, and gained difference is denoted as ε, sets thresholding γ, and the ε that antenna port 0,1,2,3 is calculated separately out is compared with γ, without carrying out Blind Detecting can be obtained the antenna port number that transmitting terminal uses.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：
A kind of fast decoding method of LTE system Physical Broadcast Channel system message, includes the following steps：
S1：After the sides eNodeB send downlink PBCH data, the sides UE carry out cell searching and down-going synchronous first.Down-going synchronous Process utilizes the strong autocorrelation of PSS code ZC sequences, takes half frame length Receiving Order row to carry out segmentation overlap-add operation, then will be after superposition Sequence carries out that sliding is related to local PSS codes, and the position that relevant peaks occur is PSS code positions.It is extrapolated by PSS code positions Possible SSS code positions, all possible position is related to local SSS code characters progress, obtain frame start position.
S2：The information of the subframe 0 where PBCH channel massages is extracted, OFDM demodulation is carried out, goes subcarrier maps, antenna end The case where mouth number detection operation is 0,1,2,3 to antenna port extracts cell specific reference signal (CRS) message respectively, according to The ratio for receiving CRS and local CRS is worth to channel information, and obtains complete channel information H by linear interpolation method.
S3：The phase dispersion point diagram of transmission data running time-frequency resource image resource particle is obtained according to channel information H, and uses card Kalman Filtering algorithm carries out smothing filtering and obtains matched curve, is put down taking absolute value after matched curve and discrete point diagram work difference Equal errorIt willIt is compared to obtain antenna port number with threshold value γ.
S4：Corresponding PBCH message is extracted according to the antenna port number determined, it is pre- to PBCH channels solve Coding, the mapping of solution layer, QPSK demodulation, descrambling, solution rate-matched, solution Channel encoding operations, then carry out antenna port verification, if CRC check passes through at this time, then representative antennas port number detects successfully, PBCH channel successfully decodeds.
Further, in step sl, the fast cell search and down-going synchronous specific method are：
First, the sides UE need to carry out cell searching and down-going synchronous after receiving downlink data.Take half frame length base band number It is M according to note length, baseband sequence is denoted as s, according to LTE frame structures it is found that there will necessarily be PSS (main synchronization) in arbitrary half frame data Code and SSS (auxiliary synchronization) code, by this half frame data it is isometric be divided into after b sections be directly superimposed, final stage length can be with other points Segment length is different.Sequence after superposition still has the strong autocorrelation performance of ZC sequences, can pass through the PSS code sequence phases with local Pass obtains relevant peaks.Formula (1) indicates that i-th section of fragment sequence, formula (2) indicate the fragment sequence after superposition.
The PSS codes sequence that sequence after superposition is from a locally generated is subjected to the related obtained result of sliding and is denoted as r (n), remembers r (n) the position r of maximum value inmax(n)=r (k), then PSS codes be likely to be present on the position k of each segmentation, take each segmentation Position k does correlation computations and obtains sequence of correlation values：r1(k),r2(k),r3(k),...,rb(k).Remember that sequence where maximum value is bmax, then the position p that can obtain PSS codes is：To complete field detection.According to PSS codes Position estimating goes out all possible SSS code positions, and the whole frame detection of completion related to local sequence；Refer again to LTE running time-frequency resources Synchronous code mapping position in figure, to acquire frame start position.
Further, in step s 2, described that the corresponding positions CRS are determined by possible antenna port number, to The specific method of extraction channel information H is：
The information of the subframe 0 where PBCH channel massages is extracted, OFDM demodulation is carried out, removes subcarrier maps, antenna port Number detection operation, transmitting terminal use 1/2/4 antenna port transmission data, respectively it is corresponding using 0/ port 0 of port, 1/ port 0, 1,2,3 three kind of situation.It is provided according to agreement, can map CRS in the different resource particle of running time-frequency resource figure using different port. The value Y (k) received is extracted respectively according to all possible CRS mapping positions, it and local CRS is divided by, to obtain Channel state information H (k) corresponding with the possible positions CRS.
Using linear interpolation method, the channel information H of remaining position is estimated, to obtain complete channel information：
Wherein m indicates the serial number of cell reference signals in a symbol, IfBetween expression diamond shape cell reference signals frequency domain Interval, k and l be respectively RE frequency domain and when Domain Index.
Further, in step s3, the Kalman filtering algorithm asks the specific method of antenna port number to be：
The data for extracting the subframe 0 where PBCH message carry out antenna port number detection, and traversal reference signal is possible to Mapping mode, respectively obtain antenna port number be 1,2, the channel estimation value H in the case of 4 three kind, using Kalman filtering by H Phase dispersion point be smoothed to obtain fit line, and phase dispersion point and the absolute value of fit line difference are averaged Number obtains mean error Shown in value such as formula (4)：
Wherein, X (k) indicates that the phase value of k points on the fit line after Kalman filtering, Y (k) indicate the data k that receives The phase value of point, H (k) indicate the channel information of k points.By comparing the thresholding γ and mean error of settingSize, to Determine antenna port number.
Further, in step s 4, whether the verification antenna port number detects successful specific method and is：
Corresponding PBCH message is extracted according to the antenna port number determined, is prelisted to carry out solution to PBCH channels Code, layer mapping, QPSK demodulation, descrambling, solution rate-matched, solution Channel encoding operations, then carry out antenna port number verification.Because The antenna port number embodying information of PBCH is in the mask information of the cyclic redundancy check code of PBCH, if CRC check passes through at this time, Then representative antennas port number detects successfully, PBCH channel successfully decodeds.This method determines antenna port number before decoding, keeps away Having exempted from traditional blind checking method may need completely to decode 3 problems, greatly reduce computation complexity.
Description of the drawings
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention make into The detailed description of one step, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the wireless frame data aliasing and sliding related algorithm flow diagram of LTE system PSS Fast synchronizations；
Fig. 2 is the CRS time-frequency resource maps figures using different antenna ports；
Fig. 3 is the algorithm flow chart for the phase estimation value that Kalman filtering optimizes channel information；
Fig. 4 is the antenna port number detection algorithm flow chart based on Kalman filtering.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make those skilled in the art be better understood when the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect, below It is completely described with attached drawing is illustrated in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the wireless frame data aliasing and sliding related algorithm flow diagram of LTE system PSS Fast synchronizations；
LTE terminal user carries out cell searching and down-going synchronous first after the downstream message for receiving base station side transmission. It is M to take half frame length base band data note length, according to LTE frame structures it is found that there will necessarily be PSS (main synchronization) in arbitrary half frame data Code and SSS (auxiliary synchronization) code, by this half frame data it is isometric be divided into after b sections be directly superimposed, final stage length can be with when segmentation Other section lengths are different, extend N number of chip if length difference and supplied.Sequence after superposition still has ZC sequences Strong autocorrelation performance can obtain relevant peaks by related to local PSS code sequences.Sequence after superposition is from a locally generated PSS codes sequence carries out the related obtained result of sliding and is denoted as r (n), remembers the position r of maximum value in r (n)max(n)=r (k), then PSS codes are likely to be present on the position k of each segmentation, and every fragment position k is taken to do the sequence of correlation values that correlation computations obtain：r1(k), r2(k),r3(k),...,rb(k).Sequence where remembering maximum value is bmax, then the position p that can obtain PSS codes is：To complete field detection.All possible SSS code positions are deduced according to PSS code positions, And the whole frame detection of completion related to local sequence；Synchronous code mapping position in LTE running time-frequency resource figures is referred again to, is risen to acquire frame Beginning position.
Fig. 2 is the CRS time-frequency resource maps figures using different antenna ports；
Base station side can only select to use 0,1,2,3 transmission data of port when sending PBCH signals, so being examined in receiving terminal Which need judgement to receive data when survey to send using port.After completing down-going synchronous operation, where extraction PBCH message The information of subframe 0 carries out OFDM demodulation, subcarrier maps, antenna port number detection operation, transmitting terminal is gone to use 1/2/4 day Line end mouth transmission data, it is corresponding respectively to use 0/ port 0 of port, 1/ port 0,1,2,3 three kind of situation.It is provided, is made according to agreement CRS can be mapped with different port on the different resource particle of running time-frequency resource figure.When Fig. 2 illustrates four port transmission datas CRS corresponding mapping positions in running time-frequency resource figure.It extracts and receives respectively according to all possible CRS mapping positions Value Y (k), it and local CRS are divided by, to obtain the channel information H (k) that three kinds of possible CRS location estimations go out.
Formula (3) utilizes linear interpolation method, the channel information H of remaining position is estimated, to obtain complete channel information：
Wherein m indicates the serial number of cell reference signals in a symbol, IfBetween expression diamond shape cell reference signals frequency domain Interval, k and l be respectively RE frequency domain and when Domain Index.
Fig. 3 is the algorithm flow chart for the phase estimation value that Kalman filtering optimizes channel information；
The complete channel information estimated according to S2, by Kalman filtering algorithm by each resource in running time-frequency resource figure The phase value of particle makees smoothing processing, Fig. 3 i.e. flow chart of the processing procedure, and newer specific algorithm is as follows：
According to known optimal initial phase and covariance, phase and covariance to NextState carry out predictive estimation：
P (k | k-1)=Ap (k-1 | k-1) A'+Q (5)
Wherein,It is the optimal result under k-1 states,It is predicted according to laststate As a result, U (k) indicates that controlled quentity controlled variable of the k moment to system, A and B are systematic parameter.The phase measurement of state k is Z (k), according to Measured value and prediction are worth to the optimization estimated value of current state k
Kalman gain is：
Kg (k)=p (k | k-1) H'/(Hp (k | k-1) H'+R) (7)
It also needs to be updated the covariance under state k simultaneously：
P (k | k)=(l-Kg (k) H) p (k | k-1) (8)
Fig. 4 is the antenna port number detection algorithm flow chart based on Kalman filtering.
By on the phase value fitted regression line obtained after Kalman filtering point and the phase value discrete point that receives make it is poor After take absolute value, be denoted as absolute error average value
Pass through error in judgement average valueDetermine whether current antenna port configures CRS with the size of thresholding γ, to Determine the antenna port number that transmitting terminal uses.First determine whether port 2 and port 3Whether threshold value is less than, if then sending Antenna port number is 4；Otherwise judge port 1Whether threshold value is less than, if then transmission antenna port number is 2；Otherwise it sends out Antennas port number is 1.After the completion of detecting antenna port number, decodes PBCH information and carry out CRC check, the generation if verification passes through Table antenna port number verifies successfully, the success of PBCH source codecs.

Claims (2)

  1. A kind of fast decoding method of Physical Broadcast Channel system message in 1.LTE communication systems, which is characterized in that this method packet Include following steps：
    S1：After the sides eNodeB send downlink physical broadcast channel (PBCH) data, the sides UE carry out cell searching first and downlink is same Step；Down-going synchronous utilizes the strong autocorrelation of Primary Synchronisation Code (PSS) ZC sequences, and half frame length Receiving Order row is taken to carry out segmentation superposition behaviour Make, then the sequence after superposition carries out to local PSS codes to sliding is related, the position of relevant peaks appearance is PSS code positions；Pass through PSS code positions extrapolate the position possible secondary synchronization code (SSS), and all possible position is related to local SSS code characters progress, Obtain frame start position；
    S2：The information of the subframe 0 where PBCH channel massages is extracted, OFDM demodulation is carried out, goes subcarrier maps, antenna port number The case where detection operation is 0,1,2,3 to antenna port extracts CRS message respectively, according to the ratio for receiving CRS and local CRS Channel information is obtained, and complete channel information H is obtained by linear interpolation method；
    S3：The phase dispersion point diagram of each resource particle in transmission data running time-frequency resource figure is obtained according to channel information H, and is used Kalman filtering algorithm carries out smothing filtering and obtains matched curve, and the phase point of matched curve corresponding position and discrete point diagram are made It takes absolute value after difference and average obtains mean errorIt willIt is compared to obtain antenna end with from gating limit value γ Mouth number；
    S4：Corresponding PBCH message is extracted according to the antenna port number determined, and solution precoding, solution are carried out to PBCH message Layer mapping, QPSK demodulation, descrambling, solution rate-matched, solution Channel encoding operations, then carry out antenna port verification, if CRC at this time Verification passes through, then representative antennas port number detects successfully, PBCH channel successfully decodeds.
  2. 2. a kind of fast decoding method of Physical Broadcast Channel system message in LTE communication system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that：The data for extracting the subframe 0 where PBCH channel massages carry out antenna port number detection, traversal reference signal institute Possible mapping mode respectively obtains antenna port number as the channel estimation value H in the case of 1,2,4 three kind, uses Kalman The phase dispersion point of H is smoothed to obtain a high matched curve of stability by filtering, and by phase dispersion point with The absolute value of fit line difference is averaged to obtain mean error Shown in value such as formula (3)：
    Wherein, X (k) indicates that the phase value of k points on the fit line after Kalman filtering, Y (k) indicate the data k point phases that receive Place value, H (k) indicate the channel information of k points；
    By comparing the thresholding γ and mean error of settingSize, to determine antenna port number；According to the antenna of differentiation Port number carries out PBCH decoding operates, if CRC check success, represents Physical Broadcast Channel system message successfully decoded.
CN201810226031.7A 2018-03-19 2018-03-19 A kind of fast decoding method of Physical Broadcast Channel system message in LTE communication system Pending CN108540278A (en)

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Application publication date: 20180914