CN108540247B - Spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in cognitive wireless network - Google Patents

Spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in cognitive wireless network Download PDF

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CN108540247B
CN108540247B CN201810021766.6A CN201810021766A CN108540247B CN 108540247 B CN108540247 B CN 108540247B CN 201810021766 A CN201810021766 A CN 201810021766A CN 108540247 B CN108540247 B CN 108540247B
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CN108540247A (en
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高远
何海霞
邓志祥
汤一彬
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Changzhou Campus of Hohai University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract

The invention relates to a spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in a cognitive wireless network.A cognitive user performs spectrum sensing and energy collection by using a signal from a main user transmitter and uses the collected energy for information transmission. The invention provides working energy for the cognitive user while obtaining high spectrum sensing performance, prolongs the service life of the cognitive user, and reduces or does not need periodic battery replacement.

Description

Spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in cognitive wireless network
Technical Field
The invention relates to a spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in a cognitive wireless network, and belongs to the technical field of cognitive radio.
Background
Conventional wireless communications use fixed spectrum allocation methods and governments allocate these resources to authorized users or to serve a large geographic area for a long time, but these authorized spectrum are poorly utilized. Cognitive radio (cognitive radio) can solve the contradiction between the increasing demand of frequency spectrum and the scarcity and low utilization rate of frequency spectrum. It allows an unauthorized User (also called a cognitive User) to access the spectrum of an authorized User (also called a Primary User). The cognitive users detect the frequency spectrum using condition of the primary users by using a frequency spectrum sensing technology to find out unused frequency spectrum holes (spectrum holes) of the primary users, and then data transmission among the cognitive users is carried out by using the found frequency spectrum holes. And when the primary user appears to use the frequency spectrum again, the cognitive user must make way of the frequency spectrum so as to protect the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the primary user.
Energy harvesting (energy harvesting) is a green energy-saving technology that is of great interest to the industry and academia. Energy collection of a wireless network refers to a communication node collecting energy from the surrounding environment, such as the sun, wind, heat, and spatial radio frequency signals, for the node to work. When the primary user needs to use the frequency spectrum again, the cognitive user needs to give way to the frequency spectrum, and then the energy collection technology can be utilized to collect the signals transmitted when the primary user uses the frequency spectrum, so that the working energy source of the user can be identified. In order to fully utilize the rf signal transmitted by the primary user, there is a document "Throughput of cognitive radio network collecting energy of the primary user signal" (Bhowmick, s.roy, and s.kundu, "Throughput of a cognitive radio network with energy-collecting based on primary user signal," IEEE Wireless communication.let., vol.5, No.2, pp.136-139, apr.2016.) that completes spectrum sensing and energy collection at the cognitive node at the same time, that is, the Wireless node simultaneously receives information and collects energy by using a power distribution circuit.
However, if the radio frequency signal energy transmitted by the primary user is proportionally distributed by the cognitive node and then spectrum sensing and energy collection are simultaneously performed, the energy used for spectrum sensing is reduced because the power distribution proportion is less than 1. This may affect the degradation of the spectrum sensing performance, and especially the performance of spectrum sensing using the energy detection method is more significantly affected, because the principle of energy detection is to determine whether the primary user is using the spectrum according to the energy of the received signal compared with the threshold. Similarly, the amount of energy collected is also reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in a cognitive wireless network.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in a cognitive wireless network,
in the stage of detecting the master user, the cognitive user and the N cognitive relays jointly detect whether the master user occupies the frequency spectrum;
if the cognitive user detects that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum: in a reporting stage, a cognitive user collects radio frequency signal energy of a main user transmitter, and collects local detection result signal energy transmitted by K cognitive relays, wherein the K cognitive relays detect that the main user does not occupy a frequency spectrum, and K is less than or equal to N; in the information transmission stage, a cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy of a main user transmitter;
if the cognitive user detects that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum: in a reporting stage, a cognitive user receives local detection result signals transmitted by K cognitive relays, the cognitive user fuses K1 received and successfully decoded local detection results and N-K1 default values, and judges whether a master user occupies a frequency spectrum according to the fusion result, wherein the K cognitive relays detect that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, K is not more than N, and K1 is not more than K; if the fusion result judges that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, in the information transmission stage, the cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy of a master user transmitter; and if the fusion result judges that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, the cognitive user utilizes the detected master user frequency spectrum for communication in the information transmission stage.
The cognitive user and the cognitive relay adopt an energy detection method to detect whether a master user occupies a frequency spectrum, namely, the energy value of a radio frequency signal of a master user transmitter in a certain time period is received, the energy value is compared with a preset energy threshold, and judgment is carried out according to a comparison result, so that a local detection result is obtained; the preset energy threshold value of the cognitive user is larger than the preset energy threshold value of the cognitive relay.
Detecting a cognitive relay of which a master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, and sending a local detection result signal to a cognitive user by using the detected master user frequency spectrum; the frequency spectrum of the detected main user is divided into N sub-channels, and each cognitive relay occupies 1 sub-channel; meanwhile, the transmission power and the local detection probability of the cognitive relay need to meet certain constraint conditions.
And detecting the cognitive relay of the spectrum occupied by the master user, not sending a detection result to the cognitive user, but converting to a sleep energy-saving mode until the next spectrum sensing period comes.
The final judgment method for whether the master user occupies the frequency spectrum is that if the local detection result of the cognitive user is that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, the detection result is the final judgment result; and if the local detection result of the cognitive user is that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, the cognitive user is used as a fusion center, and final judgment is given according to the fusion result.
The process of collecting energy by the cognitive user comprises the following two parts: firstly, when a master user occupies a frequency spectrum and a cognitive user also detects the fact, the cognitive user simultaneously collects signal energy from K local detection results and radio frequency signal energy from a master user transmitter in a reporting stage, and the cognitive user continuously collects the radio frequency signal energy from the master user transmitter in an information transmission stage; secondly, when the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, but the cognitive user does not detect the fact, and finally judges and finds the fact after fusing K1 local detection results and N-K1 default values, the cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy from the master user transmitter in the information transmission stage.
The total energy collected by the cognitive user can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001543767570000041
wherein E ishFor the total collected energy, T is the period of spectrum sensing and information transmission, eta is the energy conversion efficiency, eta is more than 0 and less than 1, and PaProbability of unoccupied spectrum, P, of primary userrTransmit power for cognitive relays, PpFor the transmission power, p, of the primary user transmitteriSleep probability for the ith cognitive relay, PdsTo recognize the local detection probability, | h of the userrs|2For channel gain from cognitive relay to cognitive user, | hps|2Channel gain, P, for primary user to cognitive userdFFor global detection probability at the fused cognitive user, τDAnd τRStage and report for detecting primary user respectivelyOverhead of phases, 0 < τD＜1，0＜τR＜1。
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the spectrum sensing is completed by using the radio frequency signal of the main user transmitter, the energy collection is carried out on the spectrum sensing, and by using the method of combining the cognitive user and the multi-cognitive relay cooperative spectrum sensing, when the main user transmits a strong signal, the cognitive user detection result is the final detection result, so that the detection efficiency is improved; when a master user transmits weak signals, the multi-cognitive relay cooperative spectrum sensing (namely fusion) improves the reliability of detection results, and meanwhile, the collected energy comprises radio frequency signals of a master user transmitter and local detection result signals transmitted by the multi-cognitive relay, so that the quantity of the collected energy is increased.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a coexistence model of a cognitive wireless network and a primary user network,
FIG. 2 is a slot diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the global false alarm probability and detection probability performance of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the energy harvesting and consuming performance of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, a primary user transmitter PUTAnd receiver PURIn a master user network, a cognitive user SU and N cognitive relays are arranged in a cognitive wireless network and are expressed as { SR i1, 2., N }, where SU has a function of collecting spatial radio frequency signal energy, fig. 2 is a time slot diagram, where the period of spectrum sensing and information transmission is T, and the time slot diagram is divided into a primary user detection stage, a reporting stage and a data transmission stage in time sequence, and the time is τDT、τRT and (1- τ)D-τR)T，τDAnd τRThe expenses of a primary user detection stage and a report stage are respectively, and the 0 is more than tauD＜1，0＜τR＜1。
As shown in fig. 3, the method for spectrum sensing and information transmission with energy collection in a cognitive wireless network specifically includes the following steps:
1) in the stage of detecting the master user, the cognitive user SU and the N cognitive relays SR jointly detect whether the master user occupies the frequency spectrum.
The cognitive user and the cognitive relay detect whether a master user occupies a frequency spectrum by adopting an energy detection method, namely, an energy value of a radio frequency signal of a master user transmitter in a certain time period is received, the energy value is compared with a preset energy threshold, judgment is carried out according to a comparison result, and a local detection result is obtained, wherein the preset energy threshold of the cognitive user is larger than the preset energy threshold of the cognitive relay.
Let the ith cognitive relay SRiThe energy of the radio frequency signal received by the main user transmitter is epsiloniThen SRiThe decision rule of (a) is that,
Figure BDA0001543767570000061
wherein λ is1Is SRiThe energy threshold is preset in the energy storage device,
Figure BDA0001543767570000062
and
Figure BDA0001543767570000063
respectively representing the judgment of the occupied frequency spectrum and the unoccupied frequency spectrum of the main user by the cognitive user, H1And H0Respectively representing occupied frequency spectrum and unoccupied frequency spectrum of a master user;
SRithe local detection probability and the false alarm probability of (a) are respectively expressed as,
Figure BDA0001543767570000064
Figure BDA0001543767570000065
wherein, Pdi(λ1) Is SRiLocal detection probability of, Pfi(λ1) Is SRiPr { } denotes conditional probability, u ═ BT τDIs the product of time and bandwidth, T is the bandwidth of the frequency spectrum occupied by the primary user, gammaiIs SRiThe signal-to-noise ratio of the received radio frequency signal, Γ () is a non-complete gamma function,
Figure BDA0001543767570000066
Figure BDA0001543767570000067
since the noise variance of different cognitive relays is the same, there is Pf1(λ1)＝Pf2(λ1)＝…＝PfN(λ1) Below with Pf(λ1) In place of Pfi(λ1). However, since γiThe local detection probability cannot be simplified as much, depending on the value of (a).
Likewise, by εsIndicating that the SU receives the radio frequency signal energy of the master user transmitter, the SU has the decision rule of,
Figure BDA0001543767570000071
wherein λ is2Is a predetermined energy threshold in SU, and λ2＞λ1Then the local detection probability and the false alarm probability of the SU are respectively expressed as,
Figure BDA0001543767570000072
Figure BDA0001543767570000073
wherein, γsFor the signal-to-noise ratio of the rf signal received by the SU,
Figure BDA0001543767570000074
2) if the cognitive user detects that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, which means that the radio frequency signal of the master user transmitter is very strong, namely the master user has very strong interference on the cognitive user, the final judgment is directly made without considering the local detection result of the cognitive relay, namely the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, at the moment, the global detection probability and the false alarm probability of the cognitive user are respectively,
PdG＝Pds(λ2) (1)
PfG＝Pfs(λ2) (2)
in the next reporting stage, the cognitive user collects radio frequency signal energy of a main user transmitter, and collects local detection result signal energy transmitted by K cognitive relays, wherein the K cognitive relays detect that the main user does not occupy a frequency spectrum, and K is less than or equal to N; and then in the information transmission stage, the cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy of the main user transmitter.
And detecting the cognitive relay of which the main user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, performing cyclic redundancy coding on the local detection result, and then sending a local detection result signal obtained after coding to the cognitive user by using the detected main user frequency spectrum. In order to avoid mutual interference caused when a plurality of cognitive relays simultaneously transmit signals, a detected main user frequency spectrum is divided into N sub-channels, and each cognitive relay occupies 1 sub-channel.
Detecting a cognitive relay of a main user occupying a frequency spectrum, not transmitting a local detection result signal to a cognitive user to avoid interference on communication of the main user, but converting to a sleep mode to save energy loss until the next frequency spectrum sensing period comes; wherein the ith cognitive relay SRiSleep probability of (1)iIn order to realize the purpose,
ρi＝Pr{εi≥λ1}＝Pr{εi≥λ1|H1}Pr{H1}+Pr{εi≥λ1|H0}Pr{H0}
＝Pdi(λ1)(1-Pa)+Pf(λ1)Pa
in the formula, Pa＝{H0And the probability that the primary user does not occupy the frequency spectrum is adopted.
When the cognitive relay detects that the result of the spectrum not occupied by the master user is false detection (namely the master user actually occupies the spectrum, and the cognitive relay wrongly detects that the spectrum is not occupied by the master user), the cognitive relay sends a local detection result signal to the cognitive user, and interference to a master user receiver is caused. This interference is limited to protect the normal communications of the primary user. The normal communication of the master user needs to meet the transmission interruption probability P of the master userPUoutIs lower than a preset threshold value Pout_thI.e. PPUout≤Pout_th. The primary user transmission outage probability may be expressed as,
Figure BDA0001543767570000081
wherein SIR is the signal-to-interference ratio, SIR, received by the primary user receiverthIs the signal-to-interference ratio threshold, P, of the primary user receiverpIs the transmission power of the primary user transmitter,
Figure BDA0001543767570000082
to learn the average of the channel gains relayed to the primary user receiver,
Figure BDA0001543767570000083
for the mean value of the channel gain, P, from the primary user transmitter to the primary user receiverrIs the transmit power of the cognitive relay.
The interference of the cognitive relay on the master user receiver can be controlled by reducing the transmitting power of the cognitive relay and increasing the local detection probability of the cognitive relay.
3) If the cognitive user detects that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, which means that the radio-frequency signal of the master user transmitter is not very strong, in order to improve the reliability of the detection result, the cognitive user serves as a fusion center to receive local detection result signals transmitted by K cognitive relays, the cognitive user judges whether the master user occupies the frequency spectrum or not according to the fusion result by receiving and successfully decoding K1 local detection results and N-K1 default values, wherein the K cognitive relays detect that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, K is less than or equal to N, K1 local detection results are received and successfully decoded, K-K1 local detection results are failed to be received (if interruption occurs), N-K local detection result signals are not transmitted to the cognitive user, the reception is failed or the local detection result signals are not transmitted, and the cognitive user sets a default value, i.e., N-K1 default values. If the master user occupies the frequency spectrum after fusion, the cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy of the master user transmitter in the information transmission stage; otherwise, in the information transmission stage, the cognitive user utilizes the detected primary user frequency spectrum for communication.
The cognitive user is used as a fusion center, and the fusion judgment method comprises the following steps:
definition HisAn event representing the judgment of the local detection result signal from the ith cognitive relay by the cognitive user is shown, and H is used when the judgment result of the local detection result signal from the ith cognitive relay by the cognitive user is that the main user occupies the frequency spectrumisWhen the judgment result of the local detection result signal relayed by the ith cognitive user to the local detection result signal relayed by the ith cognitive user is that the primary user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, the frequency spectrum is represented by 1isAnd 0 represents. DsuRepresenting a final judgment event after the cognitive user fuses the cognitive relay local judgment result, and using D when the fused final judgment is that the master user occupies the frequency spectrumsuExpressed as 1, D is used when the final judgment after the fusion is that the primary user does not occupy the frequency spectrumsuAnd 0 represents.
The judgment rule of the cognitive user on the cognitive relay local detection result signal is as follows: when the cognitive relay detects that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum or the cognitive relay which detects that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum sends a local detection result to the cognitive user, the cognitive user is judged to be H is1 is ═ 1; upon cognitive relay detectionWhen a master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum and does not interrupt the transmission of the frequency spectrum to the cognitive user, the cognitive user is judged to be His0. The above decision rule can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001543767570000101
Wherein, theta is1 represents an event that the cognitive relay interrupts when sending a local detection result signal to the cognitive user, and thetaisAnd 0 represents an event that the cognitive relay successfully sends a local detection result signal to the cognitive user. According to shannon's theorem, if the channel capacity is greater than the information transmission rate, the information transmission is not interrupted, and thus ΘisThe probability of being 0 is expressed as,
Figure BDA0001543767570000102
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001543767570000103
γr＝Pr/N0，γp＝Pp/N0，N0is the variance of the Gaussian noise of the receiver, | hrs|2For channel gain from cognitive relay to cognitive user, | hps|2Channel gain, | h, from primary user to cognitive userrs|2And | hps|2Respectively obey mean value of
Figure BDA0001543767570000104
And
Figure BDA0001543767570000105
are distributed exponentially and are mutually independent random variables,
Figure BDA0001543767570000106
for the channel gain average of cognitive relays to cognitive users,
Figure BDA0001543767570000107
the channel gain mean value from a master user to a cognitive user is obtained;
because the local detection result is sent only when the cognitive relay detects that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, the 'AND' fusion rule is adopted for fusion, namely, only one H existsis0, then DsuNot all right 0, otherwise D su1. The overall detection probability and the false alarm probability of the cognitive user after the AND fusion are respectively,
Figure BDA0001543767570000108
Figure BDA0001543767570000111
the overall detection probability and the false alarm probability of the cognitive user can be obtained by combining the two conditions that the cognitive user detection result is the spectrum occupied by the master user and the spectrum not occupied by the master user, namely the combination formula (1) -4
PdG＝Pds(λ2)+(1-Pds(λ2))PdF (5)
PfG＝Pfs(λ2)+(1-Pfs(λ2))PfF (6)
The process of collecting energy by the cognitive user comprises the following two parts: firstly, when a master user occupies a frequency spectrum and a cognitive user also detects the fact, the cognitive user simultaneously collects local detection result signal energy from K cognitive relays and radio frequency signal energy of a master user transmitter in a reporting stage, and the cognitive user continuously collects the radio frequency signal energy from the master user transmitter in an information transmission stage; secondly, when the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, but the cognitive user does not detect the fact, and finally judges and finds the fact after fusing K1 local detection results and N-K1 default values, the cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy from the master user transmitter in the information transmission stage.
In summary, the total energy collected by the cognitive user in the reporting phase and the transmission phase can be expressed as,
Figure BDA0001543767570000112
wherein E ishEta is energy conversion efficiency, eta is more than 0 and less than 1, and P is total energy collecteddsLocal detection probability for cognitive users, i.e. Pds(λ2)；
On the other hand, the total energy consumed by the cognitive user in one period of spectrum sensing and information transmission is expressed as,
Ec＝PDTτD+PFTτR[Pa(1-Pfs(λ2))+(1-Pa)(1-Pds(λ2))]
+PTT(1-τD-τR)[Pa(1-PfG(λ2))+(1-Pa)(1-PdG(λ2))]
wherein E iscFor total energy consumed, PDRepresenting the power loss, P, of the cognitive user in the stage of detecting the primary userFRepresents the power loss, P, of the cognitive user in the reporting phase for recognizing the relayed signalTRepresenting the power loss, P, of the cognitive user during the information transmission phasedG(λ2) Global detection probability for cognitive users of equation (5), PfG(λ2) Global false alarm probability for the cognitive user of equation (6).
It can be seen that, in order to ensure that the energy collected by the cognitive user can meet the energy consumption requirement of the cognitive user, the total energy E collected by the cognitive user in the reporting phase and the transmission phasehShould be greater than the total energy E it consumes in one period of spectrum sensing and information transmissionc。
According to the above formula, an optimization problem is established that maximizes the global detection probability and minimizes the global false alarm probability. By solving the optimization problem, the relevant parameter values that optimize the global detection probability and the false alarm probability can be obtained.
The technical effect of the present invention will be described below by performing numerical simulation on the optimized parameters. Fig. 4 shows the relationship between the global false alarm probability threshold and the global detection probability, and it can be seen that no matter gammasAnd gammaiWhatever the magnitude relationship, the present invention can achieve a high detection probability of greater than 0.9 at a low false alarm probability (e.g., 0.01). Meanwhile, fig. 5 shows that the energy collected by the cognitive user can always satisfy the requirement of being more than the energy consumption of the cognitive user no matter the number of the cognitive relays changes or the transmission power of the primary user changes, and the collected energy can be increased along with the increase of the transmission power of the primary user. Therefore, the invention can improve the spectrum sensing performance and simultaneously ensure that the cognitive user obtains sufficient energy which can ensure the normal work of the cognitive user.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in the cognitive wireless network is characterized in that:
in the stage of detecting the master user, the cognitive user and the N cognitive relays jointly detect whether the master user occupies the frequency spectrum;
if the cognitive user detects that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum: in a reporting stage, a cognitive user collects radio frequency signal energy of a main user transmitter, and collects local detection result signal energy transmitted by K cognitive relays, wherein the K cognitive relays detect that the main user does not occupy a frequency spectrum, and K is less than or equal to N; in the information transmission stage, a cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy of a main user transmitter;
if the cognitive user detects that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum: in a reporting stage, a cognitive user receives local detection result signals transmitted by K cognitive relays, the cognitive user fuses K1 received and successfully decoded local detection results and N-K1 default values, and judges whether a master user occupies a frequency spectrum according to the fusion result, wherein the K cognitive relays detect that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, K is not more than N, and K1 is not more than K; if the fusion result judges that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, in the information transmission stage, the cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy of a master user transmitter; if the fusion result judges that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, in the information transmission stage, the cognitive user utilizes the detected master user frequency spectrum for communication;
the cognitive user and the cognitive relay adopt an energy detection method to detect whether a master user occupies a frequency spectrum, namely, the energy value of a radio frequency signal of a master user transmitter in a certain time period is received, the energy value is compared with a preset energy threshold, and judgment is carried out according to a comparison result, so that a local detection result is obtained; the energy threshold value preset by the cognitive user is larger than the energy threshold value preset by the cognitive relay;
detecting a cognitive relay of a main user occupying a frequency spectrum, not sending a detection result to a cognitive user, but converting to a sleep energy-saving mode until the next frequency spectrum sensing period comes;
the final judgment method for whether the master user occupies the frequency spectrum is that if the local detection result of the cognitive user is that the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, the detection result is the final judgment result; and if the local detection result of the cognitive user is that the master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, the cognitive user is used as a fusion center, and final judgment is given according to the fusion result.
2. The spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in the cognitive wireless network according to claim 1, wherein: detecting a cognitive relay of which a master user does not occupy the frequency spectrum, and sending a local detection result signal to a cognitive user by using the detected master user frequency spectrum; the frequency spectrum of the detected main user is divided into N sub-channels, and each cognitive relay occupies 1 sub-channel; meanwhile, the transmission power and the local detection probability of the cognitive relay need to meet certain constraint conditions.
3. The spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in the cognitive wireless network according to claim 1, wherein: the process of collecting energy by the cognitive user comprises the following two parts: firstly, when a master user occupies a frequency spectrum and a cognitive user also detects the fact, the cognitive user simultaneously collects signal energy from K local detection results and radio frequency signal energy from a master user transmitter in a reporting stage, and the cognitive user continuously collects the radio frequency signal energy from the master user transmitter in an information transmission stage; secondly, when the master user occupies the frequency spectrum, but the cognitive user does not detect the fact, and finally judges and finds the fact after fusing K1 local detection results and N-K1 default values, the cognitive user collects the radio frequency signal energy from the master user transmitter in the information transmission stage.
4. The spectrum sensing and information transmission method with energy collection in the cognitive wireless network according to claim 3, wherein: the total energy collected by the cognitive user can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0002605181180000021
wherein E ishFor the total collected energy, T is the period of spectrum sensing and information transmission, eta is the energy conversion efficiency, eta is more than 0 and less than 1, and PaProbability of unoccupied spectrum, P, of primary userrTransmit power for cognitive relays, PpFor the transmission power, p, of the primary user transmitteriSleep probability for the ith cognitive relay, PdsTo recognize the local detection probability, | h of the userrs|2For channel gain from cognitive relay to cognitive user, | hps|2Channel gain, P, for primary user to cognitive userdFFor global detection probability at the fused cognitive user, τDAnd τRThe expenses of a primary user detection stage and a report stage are respectively, and the 0 is more than tauD＜1，0＜τR＜1。
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