CN108539998A - One kind is based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches - Google Patents

One kind is based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108539998A
CN108539998A CN201810372529.4A CN201810372529A CN108539998A CN 108539998 A CN108539998 A CN 108539998A CN 201810372529 A CN201810372529 A CN 201810372529A CN 108539998 A CN108539998 A CN 108539998A
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Prior art keywords
submodule
carrier wave
bridge
mmc
voltage
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CN201810372529.4A
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Inventor
花婷
张亮
孙玉坤
杨婷
水恒华
韦统振
雷达
汤国晟
徐昊
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Nanjing Institute of Technology
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Nanjing Institute of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses one kind based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, influence different from FBSM characteristics for HBSM, submodule fluctuation, DC bus-bar voltage fluctuation are to mixing MMC ac output voltages, improves existing PWM method as follows：The carrier frequency of FBSM is set as the half of HBSM, keeps the equivalent switching frequency of the two equal, the wear leveling distribution between module；Carrier wave is corrected using busbar voltage feedforward, adjusts the instantaneous value of carrier wave in real time；Submodule voltage hierarchical control is added in modulating wave, adjusts the instantaneous value of modulating wave in real time, this modulator approach is made to meet " area equivalent principle "；When submodule number is even number, modulated using " 2N+1 "；When submodule number is odd number, modulated using " N+1 "；The present invention can effectively inhibit to mix the low-order harmonic content of MMC output voltages, reduce the size of filter.

Description

One kind is based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, belongs to power electronic technique.
Background technology
The concept and structure of Modular multilevel converter (Modular Multilevel Converter, MMC) are by moral The scholar of university of Munich Federal Defence Forces of state proposed in 2002, can four quadrant running realize the power conversion of alternating current-direct current, by In module-cascade so that its equivalent switching frequency is higher, the harmonic content of output voltage is low, so extensive that be applied to high-voltage dc transmission The fields such as electricity, reactive-load compensation, however the MMC based on half-bridge submodule can not fault current limiting, solution in dc-side short-circuit Higher cost, the occasion especially required with higher DC fault, the application based on half-bridge submodule MMC is needed to have Limit.And the MMC based on full-bridge submodule has a DC Line Fault Scavenging activity, therefore the two is combined and makes every bridge arm by half-bridge and full-bridge Submodule is in series, which is referred to as to mix MMC, as shown in Figure 2.
CPS-PWM is simple and practicable compared with the methods of space vector PWM, nearest level modulation, and sharpest edges are can be with Higher equivalent switching frequency is obtained with low devices switch frequency, so that device output voltage electric current is had good harmonic wave special Property, to reduce the use of passive filtration unit, switching loss is finally reduced, improves the efficiency of device, it is so extensive that be applied to MMC, and existing literature focuses on the CPS-PWM based on full-bridge submodule or based on half-bridge submodule MMC substantially, for the two In conjunction with mixed type MMC research it is still few, because of the characteristics of half-bridge and full-bridge submodule respectively have itself, the device count of full-bridge submodule Mesh is twice of half-bridge submodule, when identical carrier frequency acts on half-bridge with full-bridge, the equivalent switch frequency of full-bridge output Rate is twice of half-bridge, that total switching loss full-bridge is also twice of half-bridge, this will cause half-bridge and full-bridge submodule it Between unbalanced loss distribution.According to the feature of mixing MMC topologys, DC bus-bar voltage fluctuation is fluctuated with submodule capacitor voltage Also the harmonic wave for influencing ac output voltage is distributed.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention different from FBSM characteristics for HBSM, sub The influence of module fluctuation, DC bus-bar voltage fluctuation to mixing MMC ac output voltages, it is proposed that become the improvement of carrier wave modulating wave Type phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approach.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
One kind being based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, and mixing MMC is identical per phase structure, and per mutually equal It is made of the identical bridge arm of upper and lower two structures, is made of half-bridge submodule HBSM and full-bridge submodule FBSM per bridge arm；Entirely Bridge submodule FBSM device counts are twice of half-bridge submodule HBSM device counts, when identical carrier frequency acts on submodule When block, the equivalent switching frequency of full-bridge submodule FBSM outputs is the two of the equivalent switching frequency of half-bridge submodule HBSM outputs Times, therefore the total switching losses of full-bridge submodule FBSM are also twice of the total switching losses of half-bridge submodule HBSM, this will lead Cause the unbalanced loss distribution between submodule；Thus, it is half-bridge submodule that full-bridge submodule FBSM carrier frequencies, which are arranged, in the present invention The half of block HBSM carrier frequencies keeps the equivalent switching frequency of each submodule, total switching loss equal, balanced each submodule it Between loss.
Since DC bus-bar voltage fluctuates so that the area equivalent principle of PWM modulation is difficult to meet；Meanwhile it is defeated to mix MMC Going out in voltage has more low-order harmonic, need to increase the size of filter；Busbar voltage feedforward is added in carrier wave and repaiies by the present invention Just, using the quotient of DC bus-bar voltage sampled value and DC bus a reference value as feedforward gain coefficient, the instantaneous of carrier wave is adjusted in real time Value, thus it is possible to vary the intersection moment of modulating wave and carrier wave reduces output voltage low-order harmonic content, to meet the face of PWM modulation The product principle of equal effects, while reducing the size of filter.
Since the submodule number of mixing MMC is more, similar with DC bus-bar voltage, the fluctuation of submodule voltage also can shadow Ring modulation strategy；Submodule voltage hierarchical control is added in the present invention in modulating wave, adjusts the instantaneous value of modulating wave in real time, with full The area equivalent principle of sufficient PWM modulation reduces output voltage low-order harmonic content.
On the basis of busbar voltage feedforward is corrected with submodule voltage hierarchical control, the phase shifting angle of each submodule is set, Remember that the sum of sum of half-bridge submodule HBSM and full-bridge submodule FBSM in single bridge arm is N：When N is even number, using list Pole multiple-frequency modulation method carries out PWM modulation (" 2N+1 " modulator approach being used to carry out PWM modulation), exports 2N+1 level；When this When the sum of sum is odd number, when N is odd number, PWM modulation is carried out using bipolar multiple-frequency modulation method and (" N+1 " is used to modulate Method carries out PWM modulation), export N+1 level；Work-in parameters are adjusted, and can effectively inhibit the low order for mixing MMC output voltages humorous Wave content further increases the stability of system operation.
Advantageous effect：It is provided by the invention to be based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, it can effectively inhibit mixed The low-order harmonic content for closing MMC output voltages, reduces the size of filter；Compared with the existing technology, specifically have Following advantage：1, the carrier frequency of FBSM is set as the half of HBSM, makes the equivalent switching frequency of the two, total switching loss phase Deng the wear leveling distribution between module；2, to carrier wave using busbar voltage feedforward correct, by DC bus-bar voltage sampled value with The quotient of DC bus a reference value adjusts the instantaneous value of carrier wave in real time as feedforward gain coefficient；3, submodule is added in modulating wave Block voltage hierarchical control adjusts the instantaneous value of modulating wave in real time, this modulator approach is made to meet " area equivalent principle "；4, work as submodule It when block number is even number, is modulated using " 2N+1 ", when submodule number is odd number, is modulated using " N+1 ".
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the implementing procedure figure of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit topology schematic diagram of mixed type MMC；
Fig. 3 (a) is the submodule voltage balance control figure of upper bridge arm；Fig. 3 (b) is the submodule electric voltage equalization control of lower bridge arm Drawing；
Fig. 4 is submodule average voltage control figure；
Fig. 5 is the distribution of the modulated signal of PSC-PWM modulation.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is identical per phase structure to mix MMC, and per being mutually made of upper and lower two structures identical bridge arm, every bridge arm by Half-bridge submodule HBSM and full-bridge submodule FBSM compositions, for this mixing MMC, the present invention proposes a kind of based on mixing MMC Modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approach makes following improvement relative to existing PWM modulation：1. carrier wave is added busbar voltage feedforward and repaiies Just；2. setting the carrier frequency of FBSM as the half of HBSM；3. submodule voltage hierarchical control is added in modulating wave, adjusts carry in real time Wave is with modulating wave；4. setting the phase shifting angle of each submodule, half-bridge submodule HBSM and full-bridge submodule in single bridge arm are remembered The sum of sum of FBSM is N：When N is even number, PWM modulation is carried out using " 2N+1 " modulator approach；When N is odd number, use " N+1 " modulator approach carries out PWM modulation.Through above-mentioned improved PWM modulation, we are known as PSC-PWM modulation.
The present invention is made further instructions with reference to theoretical calculation.
According to the DC bus-bar voltage V of samplingdcWith DC bus a reference valueIt is corrected using feedforward, with For feedforward gain coefficient, the instantaneous value of carrier wave is adjusted in real time, to change the intersection moment of modulating wave and carrier wave so that in direct current In the case of busbar voltage fluctuation, PWM modulation mode remains to meet " area equivalent principle ".It is layered using submodule capacitor voltage Control, and be on the one hand voltage balance control to controlling in terms of two, as shown in figure 3, each submodule in i.e. same phase The control of block, wherein Vcjpi、VcjniThe capacitance voltage instantaneous value of the single submodule of upper and lower bridge arm is indicated respectively,Indicate submodule Block capacitance voltage reference value, K are that proportional control factor is generally higher than zero, ipj、injIndicate the electric current of upper and lower bridge arm, VAjpi、VAjni The respectively output of upper and lower bridge arm submodule voltage balance control.Another aspect is average voltage control, i.e. son between three-phase Module average voltage controls, as shown in figure 4, whereinFor the average value of the submodule capacitor voltage sum of every phase, VBjFor average electricity The output voltage of voltage-controlled system,For the reference value of every phase circulation, using the control mode of interior circular current outer shroud voltage.Half-bridge can be obtained The modulation voltage of submodule is：
Wherein：Vref-pj-HBFor the modulation voltage reference value of upper bridge arm half-bridge submodule, Vref-nj-HBFor lower bridge arm half-bridge The modulation voltage reference value of module, VAjpi+VBjFor upper bridge arm voltage correction amount, VAjni+VBjFor lower bridge arm voltage increment, j= A, b, c, M are modulating wave, ω0For angular frequency.
The modulation voltage that can must go up bridge arm full-bridge submodule is：
Wherein：Vref-pj-left-FB、Vref-pj-right-FBThe modulation electricity of the left and right bridge arm of respectively upper bridge arm full-bridge submodule Press reference value.
The modulation voltage that lower bridge arm full-bridge submodule can be obtained is：
Wherein：Vref-nj-left-FB、Vref-nj-right-FBThe respectively modulation electricity of the left and right bridge arm of lower bridge arm full-bridge submodule Press reference value.
The distribution of the modified PSC-PWM modulated signals of MMC is mixed as shown in figure 5, taking carrier wave of every bridge arm based on half-bridge The angle of phase displacement of frequency, 2 π of each triangular carrier phase shift of HBSM, FBSM/N, upper and lower bridge arm HBSM and FBSM is all θ*.Wherein PWMnjWith PWMpj(j=1,2..., H) is the PWM trigger pulses of upper and lower bridge arm HBSM, PWMni-leftWith PWMni-right(i=1,2..., F) For the PWM trigger pulses of the left and right side IGBT of lower bridge arm FBSM, PWMpi-leftWith PWMpi-right(i=1,2..., F) is upper bridge The PWM trigger pulses of the left and right side IGBT of arm FBSM.Δuh-njWith Δ uh-pjFor upper and lower bridge arm HBSM voltage increments, Δ uf-ni-lWith Δ uf-ni-rFor lower bridge arm FBSM voltage increments, Δ uf-pi-lWith Δ uf-pi-rFor upper bridge arm FBSM voltage increments. And the dual Fourier's expression formula for each submodule voltage obtain after dual Fourier decomposition ac output voltage is：
Wherein：M=1,2 ..., ∞ are the harmonic orders of carrier wave, and n=- ∞ ..., -1,0,1 ..., ∞ is modulating wave Harmonic order, Jn(x) be exponent number n and parameter x Bezier coefficient.ujFor ac output voltage.In order to realize harmonic wave of output voltage It minimizes, phase shifting angle θ should be selected by condition below*：
In these cases, expression formula below can be obtained：
It can be obtained by above formula when mN subcarrier groups are odd number, harmonic wave of output voltage 0, then：
I.e. when the submodule number N of single bridge arm is even number, modulated using " 2N+1 ", when the submodule number N of single bridge arm is strange It when number, is modulated using " N+1 ", effectively inhibits the low-order harmonic content of mixing MMC output voltages.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. one kind is based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, it is characterised in that：Mixing MMC is identical per phase structure, And per being mutually made of the identical bridge arm of upper and lower two structures, per bridge arm by half-bridge submodule HBSM and full-bridge submodule FBSM is formed, and setting full-bridge submodule FBSM carrier frequencies are the half of half-bridge submodule HBSM carrier frequencies.
2. according to claim 1 based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, it is characterised in that：In carrier wave Middle addition busbar voltage feedforward is corrected, using the quotient of DC bus-bar voltage sampled value and DC bus a reference value as feedforward gain system Number adjusts the instantaneous value of carrier wave in real time, changes the intersection moment of modulating wave and carrier wave, former with the area equivalent for meeting PWM modulation Reason.
3. according to claim 1 based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, it is characterised in that：It is modulating Submodule voltage hierarchical control is added in wave, adjusts the instantaneous value of modulating wave in real time, it is former with the area equivalent for meeting PWM modulation Reason.
4. according to claim 1 based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches, it is characterised in that：Note is single The sum of sum of half-bridge submodule HBSM and full-bridge submodule FBSM in bridge arm is N：When N is even number, using monopole frequency multiplication Modulator approach carries out PWM modulation, exports 2N+1 level；When N is odd number, PWM modulation is carried out using bipolar multiple-frequency modulation method, Export N+1 level.
CN201810372529.4A 2018-04-24 2018-04-24 One kind is based on mixing MMC modified phase-shifting carrier wave modulator approaches Pending CN108539998A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3683950A1 (en) * 2019-01-21 2020-07-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for the control of a modular multilevel converter with half- and fullbridge cells
CN113410979A (en) * 2021-08-05 2021-09-17 珠海澳大科技研究院 Carrier phase-shifting pulse width modulation method, controller and MMC cascade system

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CN104682390A (en) * 2015-01-22 2015-06-03 湖南大学 Alternating current (AC) hybrid active power filter system for high-voltage direct current (DC) transmission, and control method thereof
CN105356780A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-02-24 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Modulation method and system for modularized multi-level current converter with mixed sub modules

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3683950A1 (en) * 2019-01-21 2020-07-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for the control of a modular multilevel converter with half- and fullbridge cells
US11152868B2 (en) 2019-01-21 2021-10-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power converter arrangement and method for its regulation using voltage setpoint values by use of a pre-modulator
CN113410979A (en) * 2021-08-05 2021-09-17 珠海澳大科技研究院 Carrier phase-shifting pulse width modulation method, controller and MMC cascade system
CN113410979B (en) * 2021-08-05 2021-11-30 珠海澳大科技研究院 Carrier phase-shifting pulse width modulation method, controller and MMC cascade system

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