CN108539837B - Wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth - Google Patents
Wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth Download PDFInfo
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- CN108539837B CN108539837B CN201810296813.8A CN201810296813A CN108539837B CN 108539837 B CN108539837 B CN 108539837B CN 201810296813 A CN201810296813 A CN 201810296813A CN 108539837 B CN108539837 B CN 108539837B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/06—Influence generators
- H02N1/08—Influence generators with conductive charge carrier, i.e. capacitor machines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth, which comprises: the self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth is formed by a graphene composite cotton thread type electret and a split type graphene composite cotton thread type electret; cloth is woven in graphite alkene complex cotton thread formula electret is from electricity generation and super capacitor energy storage integration includes: the device comprises an electret self-generating part, a graphene super-capacitor energy storage part and a flexible rectifying device; cloth is woven in integration that self-generating electricity and super capacitor energy storage are integrated to compound cotton thread formula electret of components of a whole that divides type graphite alkene includes: the device comprises an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire, an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire and a flexible rectifying device. According to the invention, the self-generating electric energy is stored in the graphene super capacitor through the flexible rectifying device or is output to the wearing equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of self-power supply of wearable equipment, in particular to a wearable graphene type electret self-power-generation and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth.
Background
In recent years, the market scale of wearable devices has been sharply expanded, and product applications cover the fields including medical treatment, health monitoring, fitness, entertainment, industry, military and the like, and bring about great changes to our lives and perceptions, but the development of the wearable devices also faces many technical problems, such as: the continuous supply time of the electric energy is still the largest pain point of the wearable equipment, the continuous supply time of the electric energy of the wearable equipment with better performance in the current market can only reach 3-5 days, but most products require that a user can charge one day, which undoubtedly brings great inconvenience to the user. The development of the battery technology of the wearable device at present can not keep pace with the steps of other technologies, and the importance of the energy and storage device of the wearable device as an electronic product which can be carried about is self-evident.
In recent years, the application of electrets in the field of electromechanical energy conversion is widely regarded, the development of related technologies is very rapid, and due to the outstanding advantages of the electrets, the organic electret material is particularly suitable for the field of flexible wearable electronic devices and can be used for preparing electromechanical energy devices to collect mechanical energy generated by human body movement. The electret generator uses the electret to generate the original voltage difference between the capacitors, and can store a certain amount of electric charge. The electret generator has the advantages that the capacitor for storing the charge quantity can generate relative displacement under the vibration excitation, and the flow of the charge is realized, namely, the vibration energy is generated into electric energy by changing the capacitor, and the electret generator does not need an external power supply. Currently, supercapacitors are developing faster. The super capacitor has the characteristics of long service life, high power density and the like, and has great application potential in the conventional wearable equipment energy storage device.
The wearable equipment is still in the initial development stage at present, and its design, aspects such as function and energy management have a series of technical problems to be solved yet, if: how to solve wearable electronic equipment's self-power supply problem, how to further improve the efficiency of flexible electret electricity generation, how to use flexible electret generator to wearable cotton, how to use ultracapacitor system to wearable cotton, how to combine together flexible electret generator and ultracapacitor system integration and be applied to wearable cotton etc.. The technical problems in the development process of wearable devices are to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth, which can store self-generating electric energy in a graphene super-capacitor or output the self-generating electric energy to a wearable device through a flexible rectifier.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the utility model provides a cloth is woven with super capacitor integration from electricity generation to wearing formula graphite alkene type electret, cloth is woven from electricity generation and super capacitor integration to wearing formula graphite alkene type electret includes: the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wire; the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage includes: the device comprises an electret self-generating part, a graphene super-capacitor energy storage part and a flexible rectifying device; the electret self-generating part is positioned on the outer side of the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part and is connected with the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part through the flexible rectifying device to form a rectifying circuit; the generated electric energy generated by the electret self-generating part is stored in the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part through the flexible rectifying device or is output to wearable equipment; two or more than two electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires are woven in a mutual twisting mode to form an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure.
Further, the electret self-generating portion includes: the micro-nano porous fiber electret, the micro-nano pattern elastic spacing layer, the upper electrode layer extraction electrode, the insulating cotton layer, the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the lower electrode and current collector common layer and the lower electrode and current collector common layer extraction electrode; the electret self-generating part and the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part are connected with the current collector common layer through the lower electrode; the lower electrode and current collector common layer is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer extraction electrode; the outer layer of the common layer of the lower electrode and the current collector is a micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer; the outer layer of the micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer is a micro-nano porous fiber electret layer; the outer layer of the micro-nano porous fiber electret layer is an upper electrode layer; the micro-nano porous fiber electret is connected with the upper electrode layer; the upper electrode layer is connected with an upper electrode layer extraction electrode; the outer layer of the upper electrode layer is a first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer; the outer layer of the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is an insulating cotton layer.
Further, the graphene super capacitor energy storage part comprises: the second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the diaphragm layer, the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the current collector core and the current collector core leading-out electrode; the current collector core is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode; the outer layer of the current collector core is a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer which is immersed in electrolyte; the outer layer of the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer which is immersed in the electrolyte is a diaphragm layer; the outer layer of the diaphragm layer is a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer which is immersed in electrolyte; the second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer immersed in the electrolyte is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer; an upper electrode layer leading-out electrode, a lower electrode and a current collector common layer leading-out electrode of the electret self-generating part are connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode of the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part through the flexible rectifying device; the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part, the electret self-generating part and the flexible rectifying device jointly form an integrated structure of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires.
Further, the micro-nano porous fibrous electret includes: polypropylene or polypropylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polycarbonate micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polytetrafluoroethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorine-containing polymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyester micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polystyrene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyvinylidene fluoride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, one or more of polydimethylsiloxane micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyimide micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polylactic acid micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, organic/inorganic composite micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret and core-shell structure composite material micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret.
Further, the lower electrode and current collector common layer, the upper electrode layer and the current collector core are all made of one or more of the following materials: three-dimensional graphene, graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric, graphene/cellulose fiber composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cotton cloth composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cellulose fiber composite fabric, nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, gold foam, silver foam; wherein the three-dimensional graphene includes: the three-dimensional porous graphene composite material comprises a three-dimensional porous graphene framework, a three-dimensional porous graphene oxide assembly, a three-dimensional porous graphene assembled nano conductive particle composite material, a three-dimensional porous graphene sponge, a three-dimensional porous graphene hydrogel, a three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel and a three-dimensional porous graphene foam.
The invention adopts another scheme that: the utility model provides a cloth is woven with super capacitor integration from electricity generation to wearing formula graphite alkene type electret, cloth is woven from electricity generation and super capacitor integration to wearing formula graphite alkene type electret includes: the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage split type composite graphene cotton wire; the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage components of a whole that can function independently includes: the system comprises an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire, an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire and a flexible rectifying device; the generated electric energy generated by the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread is stored in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread through the flexible rectifying device or is output to wearable equipment; the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire and the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire are woven in a mutual twisting mode to form an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure, and the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth is formed.
Further, the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage A type includes: the device comprises a first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, an upper electrode layer leading-out electrode and a micro-nano porous fiber electret; the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is used as a substrate to support the elastic core, and the outer layer of the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is an upper electrode layer; the upper electrode layer is connected with an upper electrode layer extraction electrode; the outer layer of the upper electrode layer is a micro-nano porous fiber electret; the micro-nano porous fiber electret is connected with the upper electrode layer in the processing process; the micro-nano porous fiber electret is the outermost layer.
Further, electret is from generating electricity and B type compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage includes: the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage B type includes: the current collector core, the current collector core leading-out electrode, the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the diaphragm layer, the lower electrode and current collector common layer and the lower electrode and current collector common layer leading-out electrode; the current collector core is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode; the outer layer of the current collector core is a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer; the third graphene/cotton composite fabric layer has been dipped in an electrolyte prior to assembly; the outer layer of the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is a diaphragm layer; the outer layer of the diaphragm layer is a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer; the outer layer of the second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is a common layer of a lower electrode and a current collector; the lower electrode and current collector common layer is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer extraction electrode; an upper electrode layer leading-out electrode in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode and a lower electrode in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire through a flexible rectifying device, and a rectifying circuit is formed.
Further, the micro-nano porous fibrous electret includes: polypropylene or polypropylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polycarbonate micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polytetrafluoroethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorine-containing polymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyester micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polystyrene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyvinylidene fluoride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, one or more of polydimethylsiloxane micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyimide micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polylactic acid micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, organic/inorganic composite micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret and core-shell structure composite material micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret.
Further, the lower electrode and current collector common layer, the upper electrode layer and the current collector core are all made of one or more of the following materials: three-dimensional graphene, graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric, graphene/cellulose fiber composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cotton cloth composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cellulose fiber composite fabric, nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, gold foam, silver foam; wherein the three-dimensional graphene includes: the three-dimensional porous graphene composite material comprises a three-dimensional porous graphene framework, a three-dimensional porous graphene oxide assembly, a three-dimensional porous graphene composite material, a three-dimensional porous graphene sponge, a three-dimensional porous graphene hydrogel, a three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel and a three-dimensional porous graphene foam.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth adopts a common layer of a lower electrode and a current collector, an electret self-generating part and a graphene super-capacitor energy storage part are tightly connected to form a novel compact structure, and the electret self-generating part, the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part and a flexible rectifier device jointly form an integrated structure of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton threads; the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wire is formed by a mode that two or more strands of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires are mutually twisted and woven, and the graphene composite cotton wire type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth can store self-generating electric energy for a graphene super-capacitor through a flexible rectifying device and can also output self-generating electric energy for wearing equipment;
(2) the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth adopts a mutual twisting and weaving mode of two or more strands of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires to form an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure in mutual twisting and weaving and mutual winding of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires, the number of winding turns and the distance between the two composite graphene cotton wires can be regulated in the processing and manufacturing process, and the two ends of the device are fixed by cotton wires to form a special structure of a series of arched flexible electret generators; when the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth is pressed and shaken by a human body, self-generating electricity can be generated and electric energy can be conveniently provided for wearable equipment;
(3) the micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer structure is adopted, and a synergistic effect can be generated with the micro-nano porous fiber electret and the common layer of the lower electrode and the current collector; when a human body moves or shakes, the thickness of an air gap between a micro-nano porous fiber electret in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wire and a common layer of a lower electrode and a current collector is instantaneously changed, so that induced charges in the upper electrode and the lower electrode are redistributed, the potential balance between the two electrodes is damaged, electrons are induced to flow back and forth in an external circuit, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through a flexible rectifying device;
(4) according to the invention, a micro-nano porous fiber electret structure is adopted, the surface area in the holes is large, and the charge storage capacity and the electricity storage stability are enhanced, so that the spontaneous electricity generation efficiency and the electricity storage capacity of the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-electricity generation and super capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth are obviously improved;
(5) according to the invention, the three-dimensional graphene material is adopted in the upper electrode, the lower electrode and the current collector, and the graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is adopted, so that the excellent conductive performance of the graphene is fully utilized, and the self-generating efficiency and the electricity storage capacity of the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven fabric are obviously optimized and improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton threads;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mutual twisting and weaving mode of a double-strand electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wire;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a layered structure of an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a mutual twisting and weaving mode of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage a-type composite graphene cotton thread and the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread of the invention.
In the figure: 1-electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread, 2-electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A type composite graphene cotton thread, 3-electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B type composite graphene cotton thread, 4-flexible rectifying device, 5-micro-nano porous fiber electret, 6-micro-nano pattern elastic spacing layer, 7-upper electrode layer, 8-upper electrode layer leading-out electrode, 9-lower electrode and current collector common layer, 10-insulating cotton layer, 11-first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, 12-diaphragm layer, 13-current collector core, 14-current collector core leading-out electrode, 15-lower electrode and current collector common layer leading-out electrode, 16-second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, 17-third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, 101-electret self-generating part and 102-graphene super capacitor energy storage part.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
The embodiment of the invention provides wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth, which is graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth and is formed by electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth 1. As shown in fig. 1, the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread 1 is a schematic layered structure diagram, and the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread 1 comprises an electret self-generating part 101, a graphene super-capacitor energy storage part 102 and a flexible rectifying device 4. The electret self-generating part 101 is positioned on the outer side of the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part 102, and the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part are connected through the flexible rectifying device 4 to form a rectifying circuit; the generated electric energy generated by the electret self-generating part 101 is stored in the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part 102 through the flexible rectifying device 4 or is output to wearable equipment.
The electret self-generating portion 101 includes: the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5, the micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer 6, the upper electrode layer 7, the upper electrode layer extraction electrode 8, the insulating cotton layer 10, the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 11, the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9 and the lower electrode and current collector common layer extraction electrode 15; the graphene supercapacitor energy storage portion 102 comprises: a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 16, a diaphragm layer 12, a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 17, a current collector core 13 and a current collector core leading-out electrode 14; the electret self-generating part 101 and the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part 102 are tightly connected through the lower electrode and the current collector common layer 9 to form a tight structure.
As shown in fig. 2, the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread 1 is structurally schematic, an upper electrode layer leading electrode 8 and a lower electrode and current collector common layer leading electrode 15 of the electret self-generating portion 101 are connected with a current collector core leading electrode 14 of the graphene super-capacitor energy storage portion 102 through the flexible rectifying device 4, so that a rectifying circuit is formed. The electret self-generating part 101, the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part 102 and the flexible rectifying device 4 jointly form an integrated composite structure of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread 1.
The electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread 1 has the structure and the composition sequence as follows: the current collector core 13 is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode 14; the outer layer of the current collector core 13 is a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 17 which is immersed in electrolyte; the outer layer of the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 17 is a diaphragm layer 12; the outer layer of the diaphragm layer 12 is a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 16 which is immersed in electrolyte; the outer layer of the second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 16 which is immersed in the electrolyte is a lower electrode and current collector common layer 9; the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9 is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer leading-out electrode 15 in the processing process; the outer layer of the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9 is a micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer 6; the outer layer of the micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer 6 is a micro-nano porous fiber electret layer 5; the outer layer of the micro-nano porous fiber electret layer 5 is an upper electrode layer 7; the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5 is tightly connected with the upper electrode layer 7 in the processing process; the upper electrode level layer 7 is connected with an upper electrode level layer extraction electrode 8; the outer layer of the upper electrode layer 7 is a first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 11; the outer layer of the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 11 is an insulating cotton layer 10.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a mutual twisting and weaving mode of a double-strand electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread is adopted, a mutual twisting and weaving mode of double-strand or more than two electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton threads 1 is adopted, a graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven fabric is formed, and self-generating electric energy is stored in a graphene super-capacitor or self-generating electric energy is output to a wearing device through a flexible rectifying device 4.
The micro-nano porous fiber electret 5 includes but is not limited to: polypropylene or polypropylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polycarbonate micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret (or tourmaline powder doped), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluoropolymer (CYTOP) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, Polyester (PET) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polystyrene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, Polyimide (PI) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, Polyethylene (PE) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polylactic acid micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polypropylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) micro-nano fiber, An organic/inorganic composite micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret and a core-shell structure composite material micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret. The materials for manufacturing the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9, the upper electrode layer 7 and the current collector core 13 include but are not limited to: three-dimensional graphene, graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric, graphene/cellulose fiber composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cotton cloth composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cellulose fiber composite fabric, nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, gold foam, silver foam; among them, three-dimensional graphene includes but is not limited to: the three-dimensional porous graphene composite material comprises a three-dimensional porous graphene framework, a three-dimensional porous graphene oxide assembly, a three-dimensional porous graphene assembled nano conductive particle composite material, a three-dimensional porous graphene sponge, a three-dimensional porous graphene hydrogel, a three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel and a three-dimensional porous graphene foam.
In this embodiment, preferably, the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5 is a Polyester (PET) micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, and the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9, the upper electrode layer 7, and the current collector core 13 are all made of three-dimensional graphene.
The working process of the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth in the first embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton threads 1 of the two electret strands are woven in a mutual twisting mode to form the self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth of the graphene composite cotton thread type electret. In the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton threads 1 which are mutually twisted and woven and mutually wound, an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure is formed, the number of winding turns and the distance between two composite graphene cotton threads can be regulated and controlled during processing and manufacturing, and the cotton threads are adopted to fix two ends of the electret self-generating device with the double-spiral structure to form a series of arched flexible electret generator structures; when people work or move by adopting the clothing made of the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth, when the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth is pressed and shaken by human bodies, under the synergistic action of the micro-nano pattern elastic spacing layer 6, the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5 and the air gap thickness of the lower electrode and the current collector common layer 9 in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton thread 1 are instantaneously changed, so that induced charges in the upper electrode layer 7, the lower electrode and the common layer 9 are redistributed, the potential balance between the two electrodes is damaged, induced electrons flow back and forth in an external circuit, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the flexible rectifying device 4, and the generated electric energy generated by the self-generating electret part 101 can be stored in the graphene super-capacitor electricity In the energy storage capacity part 102, self-generating electric energy can be provided for the wearing equipment. Due to the adoption of the structure of the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5, the surface area in the holes is large, and the charge storage capacity and the electricity storage stability are enhanced, so that the spontaneous electricity generation efficiency and the electricity storage capacity of the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-electricity generation and super capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth are remarkably improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4-7, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a wearable graphene-type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven fabric, which is a split type graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven fabric, and adopts electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage split type composite graphene cotton threads, and includes: the device comprises an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire 2 (shown in figure 4), an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire 3 (shown in figure 5) and a flexible rectifying device 4. The electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire 2 and the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire 3 are connected through the flexible rectifying device 4 to form a rectifying circuit; the electricity generation energy generated by the electret self-electricity-generation and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread 2 is stored in the electret self-electricity-generation and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread 3 through the flexible rectifying device 4 or is output to wearable equipment.
The electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread 2 comprises a first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 11, an upper electrode layer 7, an upper electrode layer leading-out electrode 8 and a micro-nano porous fiber electret 5; the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread 3 comprises a current collector core 13, a current collector core leading-out electrode 14, a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 17, a diaphragm layer 12, a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 16, a lower electrode and current collector common layer 9 and a lower electrode and current collector common layer leading-out electrode 15.
As shown in fig. 6, the electret is a schematic structural diagram of a self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage a-type composite graphene cotton thread 2, and the structure and the composition sequence of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage a-type composite graphene cotton thread 2 are as follows: the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 11 is used as a substrate to support an elastic core, and the upper electrode layer 7 is arranged on the outer layer of the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer; the upper electrode layer 7 is connected with an upper electrode layer extraction electrode 8; the outer layer of the upper electrode layer 7 is a micro-nano porous fiber electret 5; the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5 is tightly connected with the upper electrode layer 7 in the processing process; the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5 is the outermost layer; the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5, the upper electrode layer 7, the upper electrode layer leading-out electrode 8 and the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 11 jointly form a structure of an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread 2.
As shown in fig. 7, the schematic structural diagram of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread 3 is shown, and the structure and the composition sequence of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread 3 are as follows: the current collector core 13 is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode 14; the outer layer of the current collector core 13 is a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 17; the third graphene/cotton composite fabric layer 17 has been dipped in an electrolyte prior to assembly; the outer layer of the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 17 is the diaphragm layer 12; the outer layer of the diaphragm layer 12 is a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 16; the outer layer of the graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 16 is the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9; the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9 is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer leading-out electrode 15 in the processing process; the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread structure is formed by a lower electrode and current collector common layer 9, a lower electrode and current collector common layer leading-out electrode 15, a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 16, a diaphragm layer 12, a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer 17, a current collector core 13 and a current collector core leading-out electrode 14.
An upper electrode layer leading-out electrode 8 in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire 2 is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode 14 and a lower electrode in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire 3 through the flexible rectifying device 4, and a rectifying circuit is formed. The electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A type composite graphene cotton thread 2 and the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B type composite graphene cotton thread 3 are woven in a mutual twisting mode (see figure 8), and form a split type graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth together with the flexible rectifying device 4, and the cloth is formed by the flexible rectifying device 4 through self-generating electric energy stored in the graphene super-capacitor or self-generating electric energy output to the wearing equipment.
In the second embodiment, preferably, the micro-nano porous fibrous electret 5 is a fluoropolymer (CYTOP) micro-nano fibrous porous membrane electret; the lower electrode and current collector common layer 9, the upper electrode layer 7 and the current collector core 13 are all made of foam copper.
Cloth is woven with super capacitor integration from electricity generation to wearing formula graphite alkene type electret in this embodiment two, adopts graphite alkene complex cotton thread formula electret to generate electricity and the working process of super capacitor energy storage components of a whole that can function independently compound graphite alkene cotton thread as follows:
the weaving mode that the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wires 2 and the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wires 3 are mutually twisted is adopted (see figure 8). In the mutual twisting weaving and mutual winding, an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure is formed, the number of winding turns and the distance between two strands of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton threads can be regulated and controlled in the processing and manufacturing process, and the cotton threads are adopted to fix the two ends of the electret self-generating device with the double-spiral structure to form a series of arched flexible electret generator structures; when people work or move with the dress made of the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth, when the split type graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth is pressed and shaken by the human body, the thickness of the air gap between the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5 on the outer layer of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread 2 and the lower electrode on the outer layer of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread 3 and the current collector common layer 9 is changed, this causes a redistribution of the induced charges in the upper electrode layer 7 and in the common layer 15 of lower and current collectors, the potential balance between the two electrodes being disrupted, inducing the electrons to flow back and forth in the external circuit, converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy through said flexible rectifying means 4. The wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth can store generated electric energy in the graphene super-capacitor and can also provide self-generating electric energy for wearable equipment. Due to the adoption of the structure of the micro-nano porous fiber electret 5, the surface area in the holes is large, and the charge storage capacity and the electricity storage stability are enhanced, so that the spontaneous electricity generation efficiency and the electricity storage capacity of the split graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-electricity generation and super capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth are remarkably improved.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth adopts a common layer of a lower electrode and a current collector, an electret self-generating part and a graphene super-capacitor energy storage part are tightly connected to form a novel compact structure, and the electret self-generating part, the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part and a flexible rectifier device jointly form an integrated structure of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton threads; the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wire is formed by a mode that two or more strands of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires are mutually twisted and woven, and the graphene composite cotton wire type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth can store self-generating electric energy for a graphene super-capacitor through a flexible rectifying device and can also output self-generating electric energy for wearing equipment;
(2) the wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth adopts a mutual twisting and weaving mode of two or more strands of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires to form an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure in mutual twisting and weaving and mutual winding of the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires, the number of winding turns and the distance between the two composite graphene cotton wires can be regulated in the processing and manufacturing process, and the two ends of the device are fixed by cotton wires to form a special structure of a series of arched flexible electret generators; when the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth is pressed and shaken by a human body, self-generating electricity can be generated and electric energy can be conveniently provided for wearable equipment;
(3) the micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer structure is adopted, and a synergistic effect can be generated with the micro-nano porous fiber electret and the common layer of the lower electrode and the current collector; when a human body moves or shakes, the thickness of an air gap between a micro-nano porous fiber electret in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wire and a common layer of a lower electrode and a current collector is instantaneously changed, so that induced charges in the upper electrode and the lower electrode are redistributed, the potential balance between the two electrodes is damaged, electrons are induced to flow back and forth in an external circuit, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through a flexible rectifying device;
(4) according to the invention, a micro-nano porous fiber electret structure is adopted, the surface area in the holes is large, and the charge storage capacity and the electricity storage stability are enhanced, so that the spontaneous electricity generation efficiency and the electricity storage capacity of the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-electricity generation and super capacitor energy storage integrated woven cloth are obviously improved;
(5) according to the invention, the three-dimensional graphene material is adopted in the upper electrode, the lower electrode and the current collector, and the graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is adopted, so that the excellent conductive performance of the graphene is fully utilized, and the self-generating efficiency and the electricity storage capacity of the graphene composite cotton thread type electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage integrated woven fabric are obviously optimized and improved.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a cloth is woven with super capacitor integration from electricity generation to wearing formula graphite alkene type electret which characterized in that: wearable graphene type electret is from generating electricity and ultracapacitor system integration woven cloth includes: the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wire; the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage includes: the device comprises an electret self-generating part, a graphene super-capacitor energy storage part and a flexible rectifying device; the electret self-generating part is positioned on the outer side of the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part and is connected with the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part through the flexible rectifying device to form a rectifying circuit; the generated electric energy generated by the electret self-generating part is stored in the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part through the flexible rectifying device or is output to wearable equipment; two or more than two electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires are woven in a mutual twisting mode to form an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure;
the electret self-generating part comprises: the micro-nano porous fiber electret, the micro-nano pattern elastic spacing layer, the upper electrode layer extraction electrode, the insulating cotton layer, the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the lower electrode and current collector common layer and the lower electrode and current collector common layer extraction electrode; the electret self-generating part and the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part are connected with the current collector common layer through the lower electrode; the lower electrode and current collector common layer is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer extraction electrode; the outer layer of the common layer of the lower electrode and the current collector is a micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer; the outer layer of the micro-nano pattern elastic spacer layer is a micro-nano porous fiber electret layer; the outer layer of the micro-nano porous fiber electret layer is an upper electrode layer; the micro-nano porous fiber electret is connected with the upper electrode layer; the upper electrode layer is connected with an upper electrode layer extraction electrode; the outer layer of the upper electrode layer is a first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer; the outer layer of the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is an insulating cotton layer.
2. The wearable graphene-type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: the graphene super capacitor energy storage part comprises: the second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the diaphragm layer, the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the current collector core and the current collector core leading-out electrode; the current collector core is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode; the outer layer of the current collector core is a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer which is immersed in electrolyte; the outer layer of the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer which is immersed in the electrolyte is a diaphragm layer; the outer layer of the diaphragm layer is a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer which is immersed in electrolyte; the second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer immersed in the electrolyte is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer; an upper electrode layer leading-out electrode, a lower electrode and a current collector common layer leading-out electrode of the electret self-generating part are connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode of the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part through the flexible rectifying device; the graphene super-capacitor energy storage part, the electret self-generating part and the flexible rectifying device jointly form an integrated structure of electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage composite graphene cotton wires.
3. The wearable graphene-type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: the micro-nano porous fiber electret includes: polypropylene or polypropylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polycarbonate micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polytetrafluoroethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorine-containing polymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyester micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polystyrene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyvinylidene fluoride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, one or more of polydimethylsiloxane micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyimide micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polylactic acid micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, organic/inorganic composite micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret and core-shell structure composite material micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret.
4. The wearable graphene-type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lower electrode and current collector common layer, the upper electrode layer and the current collector core are all made of one or more of the following materials: three-dimensional graphene, graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric, graphene/cellulose fiber composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cotton cloth composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cellulose fiber composite fabric, nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, gold foam, silver foam; wherein the three-dimensional graphene includes: the three-dimensional porous graphene composite material comprises a three-dimensional porous graphene framework, a three-dimensional porous graphene oxide assembly, a three-dimensional porous graphene assembled nano conductive particle composite material, a three-dimensional porous graphene sponge, a three-dimensional porous graphene hydrogel, a three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel and a three-dimensional porous graphene foam.
5. The utility model provides a cloth is woven with super capacitor integration from electricity generation to wearing formula graphite alkene type electret which characterized in that: wearable graphene type electret is from generating electricity and ultracapacitor system integration woven cloth includes: the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage split type composite graphene cotton wire; the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage components of a whole that can function independently includes: the system comprises an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire, an electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire and a flexible rectifying device; the generated electric energy generated by the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton thread is stored in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton thread through the flexible rectifying device or is output to wearable equipment; the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire and the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire are woven in a mutual twisting mode to form an electret self-generating device with a double-spiral structure, and a wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth is formed;
the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage A type includes: the device comprises a first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, an upper electrode layer leading-out electrode and a micro-nano porous fiber electret; the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is used as a substrate to support the elastic core, and the outer layer of the first graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is an upper electrode layer; the upper electrode layer is connected with an upper electrode layer extraction electrode; the outer layer of the upper electrode layer is a micro-nano porous fiber electret; the micro-nano porous fiber electret is connected with the upper electrode layer in the processing process; the micro-nano porous fiber electret is the outermost layer.
6. The wearable graphene-type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth according to claim 5, characterized in that: the electret is from generating electricity and compound graphite alkene cotton thread of super capacitor energy storage B type includes: the current collector core, the current collector core leading-out electrode, the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer, the diaphragm layer, the lower electrode and current collector common layer and the lower electrode and current collector common layer leading-out electrode; the current collector core is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode; the outer layer of the current collector core is a third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer; the third graphene/cotton composite fabric layer has been dipped in an electrolyte prior to assembly; the outer layer of the third graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is a diaphragm layer; the outer layer of the diaphragm layer is a second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer; the outer layer of the second graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric layer is a common layer of a lower electrode and a current collector; the lower electrode and current collector common layer is connected with the lower electrode and current collector common layer extraction electrode; an upper electrode layer leading-out electrode in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage A-type composite graphene cotton wire is connected with a current collector core leading-out electrode and a lower electrode in the electret self-generating and super-capacitor energy storage B-type composite graphene cotton wire through a flexible rectifying device, and a rectifying circuit is formed.
7. The wearable graphene-type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth according to claim 5, characterized in that: the micro-nano porous fiber electret includes: polypropylene or polypropylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polycarbonate micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polytetrafluoroethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorine-containing polymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyester micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polystyrene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyvinylidene fluoride micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, one or more of polydimethylsiloxane micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyimide micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polyethylene micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, polylactic acid micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret, organic/inorganic composite micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret and core-shell structure composite material micro-nano fiber porous membrane electret.
8. The wearable graphene-type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lower electrode and current collector common layer, the upper electrode layer and the current collector core are all made of one or more of the following materials: three-dimensional graphene, graphene/cotton cloth composite fabric, graphene/cellulose fiber composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cotton cloth composite fabric, carbon nanotube/cellulose fiber composite fabric, nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, gold foam, silver foam; wherein the three-dimensional graphene includes: the three-dimensional porous graphene composite material comprises a three-dimensional porous graphene framework, a three-dimensional porous graphene oxide assembly, a three-dimensional porous graphene assembled nano conductive particle composite material, a three-dimensional porous graphene sponge, a three-dimensional porous graphene hydrogel, a three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel and a three-dimensional porous graphene foam.
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