CN108536961B - Marine diesel engine air valve quantitative detection device - Google Patents
Marine diesel engine air valve quantitative detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108536961B CN108536961B CN201810313357.3A CN201810313357A CN108536961B CN 108536961 B CN108536961 B CN 108536961B CN 201810313357 A CN201810313357 A CN 201810313357A CN 108536961 B CN108536961 B CN 108536961B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantitative detection device for valve wear of a marine diesel engine, which comprises a vibration detection module, a signal preprocessing and analog-to-digital conversion module and an analysis processing module, wherein a cylinder cover vibration signal is detected through an acceleration sensor arranged on a cylinder cover of the diesel engine, HHT (Hilbert-Huang transform) is adopted for decomposition, characteristic information related to wear is extracted, and on the basis, a mapping relation between a normalization value and valve wear is established through normalization processing, so that the valve wear can be detected on line, and the working reliability and the economical efficiency of the marine diesel engine are improved, and the device has remarkable practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of performance monitoring and fault diagnosis of marine diesel engines, and particularly relates to a device for quantitatively detecting the abrasion of an air valve of a marine diesel engine.
Background
The ship power system generates vibration noise signals during working, and the vibration signals contain abundant diesel engine running state information. The method for diagnosing the states of internal parts by analyzing the vibration noise signals of the diesel engine is one of important methods for evaluating the operation state of a power system and diagnosing faults, and therefore the state of a diesel engine air valve can be diagnosed by adopting vibration analysis. The diesel engine has complex motion form and more system excitation sources, including combustion vibration, collision of opening and closing of an intake valve and an exhaust valve, collision generated by various mechanical motion parts and the like, and the mutual coupling is serious, so that the difficulty in online identification of the diesel engine fault by adopting a vibration signal is higher.
At present, a vibration signal is adopted to diagnose a diesel engine air valve, the qualitative research aspect of the state of the diesel engine air valve is mainly focused, the quantitative diagnosis is not much, and the online quantitative monitoring of the air valve clearance is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device for quantitatively detecting the abrasion of a gas valve of a marine diesel engine, which adopts HHT (Hilbert-Huang transform) to decompose and extract characteristic information related to the abrasion, and on the basis, establishes a corresponding relation between a mode and characteristic parameters through normalization processing, solves the problem of difficulty in on-line identification of vibration signals and can realize quantitative detection of the abrasion of the gas valve of the diesel engine.
The device comprises a vibration detection module, a signal preprocessing and analog-to-digital conversion module and an analysis processing module. The vibration detection module comprises an acceleration sensor, a pressure sensor and a photoelectric encoder; the acceleration sensor is arranged at the top of a cylinder cover of the detected cylinder and used for extracting vibration information of the cylinder cover; the pressure sensor detects pressure information in a cylinder of the diesel engine; the photoelectric encoder is arranged at the output end of the diesel engine, detects the rotating speed and the top dead center information of the diesel engine and provides positioning information.
The signal preprocessing and digital-to-analog conversion module comprises a signal preprocessing circuit and an A/D conversion module; the A/D conversion module is 24 bits, 4 paths; the signal preprocessing circuit amplifies and filters analog signals such as an acceleration signal, a pressure signal, a rotating speed signal, an upper dead center signal and the like, converts the analog signals into digital signals through the A/D conversion module, and inputs the digital signals into a computer for processing.
The analysis processing module is developed by adopting a LabVIEW program and comprises acquisition, data analysis and quantitative calculation; based on the top dead center and the rotating speed signal, the output signal of the A/D conversion module is combined with the air cylinder pressure signal to intercept the vibration signal with strongest air valve impact, the vibration signal is subjected to time domain decomposition through HHT conversion to obtain a series of intrinsic signals, some intrinsic signals which can reflect vibration information most are selected, a Hilbert spectrum of the intrinsic signals is calculated, and the abrasion loss of the air valve is calculated through normalization processing and the corresponding relation between normalization quantity and air valve clearance;
the computer process comprises the steps of:
1. effective signal extraction: intercepting a signal of air valve impact in a period by an upper stop point signal, a rotating speed signal and an air cylinder pressure signal of a photoelectric encoder, wherein the number of the signals is 200;
2. signal time domain decomposition: the truncated signal is decomposed in the time domain into a series of intrinsic signals:
3. decompose the Hilbert spectrum of the signal: computing the Hilbert spectrum of the intrinsic signal:
4. and (3) carrying out normalization processing on the signals: the normalized values are:
η＝Eie x 100%, wherein
5. Mapping of normalized value to wear amount: establishing a mapping curve of the normalized value and the air valve clearance;
6. and (3) quantitative detection of abrasion loss: the vibration signal detected in real time is processed in the processing mode to calculate the normalized value, and the abrasion loss of the air valve can be quantitatively obtained in real time by comparing the normalized value with the air valve clearance mapping curve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the quantitative description problem of the diesel engine air valve abrasion detection, can quantitatively monitor the abrasion loss of the air valve, improves the stability, reliability and economy of equipment operation, and has obvious practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall design diagram and connection schematic diagram of each sub-module of the diesel engine air valve abrasion quantitative detection device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the calculation process for quantitative detection of valve wear of a diesel engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a normalized value versus valve clearance map of the present invention;
in fig. 1: 1-an acceleration sensor, 2-a photoelectric encoder, 3-a pressure sensor, 4-a diesel engine, 5-a propeller, 6-a transmission shaft, 7-a shaft bracket, 8-a conditioning circuit and a data acquisition card, and 9-a computer;
in fig. 2: 10-effective signal extraction, 11-signal time domain decomposition, 12-Hilbert spectrum of decomposed signals, 13-signal normalization, 14-mapping of normalized values and abrasion loss, and 15-quantitative abrasion loss detection.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in the figure 1-2, the invention adopts HHT transformation decomposition to extract the characteristic information related to the abrasion, and on the basis, the corresponding relation between the mode and the characteristic parameters is established through normalization processing, thereby solving the problem of difficult on-line identification of the vibration signal and realizing the quantitative detection of the abrasion of the air valve of the diesel engine.
The device comprises a vibration detection module, a signal preprocessing and analog-to-digital conversion module and an analysis processing module;
the vibration detection module comprises an acceleration sensor 1, a pressure sensor 3 and a photoelectric encoder 2, wherein the acceleration sensor 1 is installed at the top of a cylinder cover of a detected cylinder to extract vibration information of the cylinder cover, the pressure sensor 3 detects pressure information in the cylinder of the diesel engine, and the photoelectric encoder 2 is installed at the output end of the diesel engine 4 to detect rotating speed and top dead center information of the diesel engine 4 and provide positioning information. Signals of the acceleration sensor 1, the photoelectric encoder 2 and the pressure sensor 3 are preprocessed by a conditioning circuit and a data acquisition card 8, then are converted into digital signals to be input into a computer 9 for analysis and processing, and the abrasion loss of the air valve is identified according to the processing result.
The signal preprocessing and digital-to-analog conversion module comprises a signal preprocessing circuit and an A/D conversion module, the A/D conversion module is 24-bit and 4-path, the signal preprocessing circuit amplifies and filters analog signals such as an acceleration signal, a pressure signal, a rotating speed signal and an upper dead center signal, the analog signals are converted into digital signals through the A/D conversion module and then the digital signals are input into a computer for processing.
The analysis processing module is developed by adopting a LabVIEW program and comprises the steps of collecting, analyzing data and quantitatively calculating, wherein the output signal of the A/D conversion module is based on a top dead center signal and a rotating speed signal, a vibration signal with the strongest impact of the air valve is intercepted by combining an air cylinder pressure signal, the vibration signal is subjected to time domain decomposition through HHT (Hilbert transform) to obtain a series of intrinsic signals, some intrinsic signals which can reflect vibration information most are selected, a Hilbert spectrum of the intrinsic signals is calculated, and the abrasion loss of the air valve is calculated by combining the normalization quantity and the corresponding relation of the air valve gap through normalization processing. The invention has the following use and working processes:
when the marine diesel engine 4 works, heat energy is converted into mechanical energy, the mechanical energy is output to the propeller 5 through the transmission shaft 6 fixed on the shaft bracket 7, vibration, rotating speed, upper dead center and cylinder pressure signals detected by the sensor are subjected to preprocessing such as amplification and filtering, and then are input into the computer 9 for processing after data acquisition, and the processing process is as shown in fig. 2:
valid signal extraction 10 in fig. 2: intercepting a signal of air valve impact in a period by using an upper stop point signal, a rotating speed signal and an air cylinder pressure signal of the photoelectric encoder 2, wherein the number of the signals is 200;
signal time domain decomposition 11 in fig. 2: the truncated signal is decomposed in the time domain into a series of intrinsic signals:
the Hilbert spectrum 12 of the decomposed signal in FIG. 2: computing the Hilbert spectrum of the intrinsic signal:
signal normalization in fig. 2 13: and carrying out normalization processing on the signals, wherein the normalization value is as follows:
η＝Eie x 100%, wherein
Normalized value to wear amount map 14 in fig. 2: establishing a mapping curve of the normalized value and the air valve clearance, as shown in figure 3; quantitative determination of wear amount 15 in fig. 2: the vibration signal detected in real time is processed in the processing mode to calculate the normalized value, and the abrasion loss of the air valve can be quantitatively obtained in real time by comparing the normalized value with the air valve clearance mapping curve.
According to the device for quantitatively detecting the valve wear of the marine diesel engine, disclosed by the invention, the cylinder cover vibration information is processed, the normalized value is calculated and is compared with the normalized value-valve clearance mapping chart to obtain the current valve wear of the diesel engine, so that the valve wear can be determined on line, and the working reliability and the economical efficiency of the marine diesel engine are improved.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a marine diesel engine air valve wearing and tearing quantitative determination device which characterized in that: the device comprises a vibration detection module, a signal preprocessing and analog-to-digital conversion module and an analysis processing module; the vibration detection module comprises an acceleration sensor (1), a pressure sensor (3) and a photoelectric encoder (2); the acceleration sensor (1) is arranged at the top of a cylinder cover of the detected cylinder and used for extracting vibration information of the cylinder cover; the pressure sensor (3) detects the pressure information in the cylinder of the diesel engine; the photoelectric encoder (2) is arranged at the output end of the diesel engine (4), detects the rotating speed and the top dead center information of the diesel engine (4), and provides positioning information; the signal preprocessing and digital-to-analog conversion module comprises a signal preprocessing circuit and an A/D conversion module; the A/D conversion module is 24-bit and 4-path; the signal preprocessing circuit amplifies and filters analog signals of an acceleration signal, a pressure signal, a rotating speed signal and an upper stop point signal, the analog signals are converted into digital signals through an A/D conversion module and input into a computer (9) for processing; the analysis processing module is developed by adopting a LabVIEW program and comprises acquisition, data analysis and quantitative calculation; the method comprises the steps of taking an output signal of an A/D conversion module as a basis of a top dead center signal and a rotating speed signal, combining a cylinder pressure signal, intercepting a vibration signal with strongest air valve impact, carrying out time domain decomposition on the vibration signal through HHT (Hilbert transform) to obtain a series of intrinsic signals, selecting some intrinsic signals capable of reflecting vibration information most, calculating Hilbert spectrums of the intrinsic signals, and combining a normalization quantity with a corresponding relation of an air valve gap through normalization processing to calculate the abrasion quantity of the air valve.
2. The marine diesel engine valve wear quantitative detection device of claim 1, characterized in that: the computer (9) process comprises the steps of: 1. extracting effective signals (10), 2, decomposing the time domain of the signals (11), 3, decomposing Hilbert spectrums of the signals (12), 4, normalizing the signals (13), 5, mapping normalized values and abrasion loss (14), and 6, quantitatively detecting the abrasion loss (15).
3. The marine diesel engine valve wear quantitative detection device of claim 2, characterized in that: the effective signal extraction (10): and intercepting a signal of air valve impact in a period by using an upper stop point signal, a rotating speed signal and an air cylinder pressure signal of the photoelectric encoder (2), wherein the number of the signals is 200.
4. The marine diesel engine valve wear quantitative detection device of claim 2, characterized in that: the signal time domain decomposition (11): the truncated signal is decomposed in the time domain into a series of intrinsic signals:
5. the marine diesel engine valve wear quantitative detection device of claim 2, characterized in that: hilbert spectrum (12) of the decomposed signal: computing the Hilbert spectrum of the intrinsic signal:
6. the marine diesel engine valve wear quantitative detection device of claim 2, characterized in that: the signal is normalized (13), and the normalized value is as follows:
η＝Eie x 100%, wherein
7. The marine diesel engine valve wear quantitative detection device of claim 2, characterized in that: -mapping (14) of said normalized value to an amount of wear: and establishing a mapping curve of the normalized value and the air valve clearance.
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| CN112187942B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Edge computing system serving intelligent engine room |
| CN112796879A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | On-line testing method and device for air valve clearance of marine diesel engine |
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| CN102829962A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-12-19 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Quick wear test device of engine valve seat ring |
| CN102944764A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-02-27 | 四川农业大学 | Device for measuring dynamic change of friction static electricity and friction property of insulating material |
| US20150068506A1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2015-03-12 | General Electric Company | Multi-fuel control system and method |
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| US20150068506A1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2015-03-12 | General Electric Company | Multi-fuel control system and method |
| CN102829962A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-12-19 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Quick wear test device of engine valve seat ring |
| CN102944764A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-02-27 | 四川农业大学 | Device for measuring dynamic change of friction static electricity and friction property of insulating material |
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| Simulation Analysis on Wearing Quantity of Marine Low-speed Diesel Engine’s Piston Ring;Chen Guojin 等;《Applied Mechanics and Materials》;20120124;第152-154卷;第1057-1062页 * |
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