CN108535539A - A kind of electric energy meter and its AFE(analog front end) meeting IR46 standards - Google Patents
A kind of electric energy meter and its AFE(analog front end) meeting IR46 standards Download PDFInfo
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- CN108535539A CN108535539A CN201810736754.1A CN201810736754A CN108535539A CN 108535539 A CN108535539 A CN 108535539A CN 201810736754 A CN201810736754 A CN 201810736754A CN 108535539 A CN108535539 A CN 108535539A
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- electric energy
- energy meter
- filter
- main body
- computation chip
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/10—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods using digital techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of AFE(analog front end)s for the electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards, including：For collection voltages signal and the sample circuit of current signal；The frequency overlapped-resistable filter that input terminal is connect with sample circuit；The output end of input terminal and frequency overlapped-resistable filter connects, and the control unit of output end and electric energy meter connects, the computation chip main body for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing；Input terminal is connect with the PGA in computation chip main body, the Butterworth filter that output end is connect with the ADC in computation chip main body；Wherein, when electric energy meter is single-phase meter, Butterworth filter is 8 10 ranks, and when electric energy meter is three-phase meter, Butterworth filter is 9 11 ranks.Since the above-mentioned exponent number of Bart's filter is arranged so that the AFE(analog front end) of electric energy meter meets the standard of IR46.The scheme of the application additionally provides a kind of electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards, has relevant art effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Electric Energy Metering Technology fields, more particularly to a kind of electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards and its simulation
Front end.
Background technology
International Legal Organization disclosed active electric energy meter proposed standard R46-1-2/3 series standards in 2012, this
IR46 standards are referred to as in application, which proposes new requirement to the higher hamonic wave metrology capability of electric energy meter, for single-phase
Table, it is desirable that voltage and current measurement loop is wanted can be by 15-40 subharmonic voltage and electricity from low to high and from high to low
Road superposition experiment is flowed back to, and GB/T17215 series standards are marked by previously used former capital, require nothing more than to be superimposed by 5 subharmonic and test.
The AFE(analog front end) of electric energy meter contains the signal sampling of voltage and current, filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and digital signal
Functions, the processing of analog-to-digital conversion and digital signal such as processing would generally be integrated in computation chip.Shown in FIG. 1 is existing
The basic structure schematic diagram of computation chip in technology, the input terminal of the computation chip are used for the sampling letter of receiving voltage and electric current
Number, the computation chip is by ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter, A/D converter) and DSP (Digital
Signal Processing, Digital Signal Processing) etc. function modules integrated, can design and be based in the computation chip of part
The comb filter of ADC, the output end of computation chip then are used to connect the control unit of electric energy meter, include the MCU of electric energy meter
(Microcontroller Unit, micro-control unit) and display circuit etc..Make electric energy meter meet IR46 standards, then needs
Redesign the AFE(analog front end) of electric energy meter so that new AFE(analog front end) meets the requirement of the standard.
In conclusion a kind of AFE(analog front end) meeting IR46 standards of design, is that current those skilled in the art are badly in need of solving
The technical issues of.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric energy meters and its AFE(analog front end) meeting IR46 standards.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：
A kind of AFE(analog front end) for the electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards, including：
For collection voltages signal and the sample circuit of current signal；
The frequency overlapped-resistable filter that input terminal is connect with the sample circuit；
Input terminal is connect with the output end of the frequency overlapped-resistable filter, and the control unit connection of output end and electric energy meter is used
In the computation chip main body for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing；
Input terminal is connect with the programmable gain amplifier PGA in the computation chip main body, output end and the metering
The Butterworth filter of analog-digital converter ADC connections in chip body；
Wherein, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the Butterworth filter is the Butterworth of 8-10 ranks
Filter, when the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 9-11 ranks.
Preferably, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is adopting for the ADC therein
Sample rate is higher than the computation chip main body of 7.54ksps；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is the sampling rate of the ADC therein
Computation chip main body higher than 12ksps.
Preferably, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is adopting for the ADC therein
Sample rate is the computation chip main body of 7.6ksps-8.2ksps；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is the sampling rate of the ADC therein
For the computation chip main body of 12ksps-16ksps.
Preferably, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is that the ADC therein is
HC-49S types, working frequency 4.032MHz, sampling rate 7875sps, or be HC-49S types, working frequency is
4.14MHz, sampling rate 8086sps, or be HC-49S types, working frequency 4.1952MHz, sampling rate are
The computation chip main body of 8193sps；
When the electric energy meter be three-phase electric energy meter when, the computation chip main body be the ADC therein be HC-49S types,
Working frequency is 13.1072MHz, sampling rate 12.8ksps, or for HC-49S types, working frequency 16.3840MHz,
Sampling rate is the computation chip main body of 16ksps.
Preferably, the frequency overlapped-resistable filter is passive RC filter.
Preferably, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the passive RC filter is more than for cutoff frequency
31.2khz filter；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the passive RC filter is the filter that cutoff frequency is more than 62.5khz
Wave device.
Preferably, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the passive RC filter is that filter resistance therein is
1.0k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 4.7nF or filter resistance therein be 1.1k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C,
Filter capacitor is 4.7nF or filter resistance therein is ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 100 Ω, filter capacitor 47nF, Huo Zheqi
In filter resistance be ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 110 Ω, the filter that filter capacitor is 47nF；
When the electric energy meter be three-phase electric energy meter when, the passive RC filter be filter resistance therein be 1.0k Ω ±
1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 2.2nF or filter resistance therein are 1.1k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor
For 2.2nF, either filter resistance therein is ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 100 Ω, filter capacitor 22nF or filtering therein
The filter that resistance is ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 110 Ω, filter capacitor is 22nF.
Preferably, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the sample circuit includes voltage sampling circuit, firewire electricity
The copper-manganese sample circuit of stream and the mutual inductor sample circuit of neutral line current；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the sample circuit includes voltage sampling circuit, the mutual inductor of electric current
Sample circuit.
Preferably, when the electric energy meter be single-phase electric energy meter when, the copper-manganese sample circuit include manganese copper diverter and
First resistor, the first end of the first resistor are connect with the first input end of the manganese copper diverter, the first resistor
Second end is connect with the second input terminal of the manganese copper diverter.
A kind of electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards includes the mould of the electric energy meter described in any one of the above embodiments for meeting IR46 standards
Quasi- front end.
Using technical solution provided by the present invention, including：Sampling electricity for collection voltages signal and current signal
Road；The frequency overlapped-resistable filter that input terminal is connect with sample circuit；The output end of input terminal and frequency overlapped-resistable filter connects, output end
It is connect with the control unit of electric energy meter, the computation chip main body for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing；Input terminal
It is connect with the programmable gain amplifier PGA in computation chip main body, output end and the analog-digital converter in computation chip main body
The Butterworth filter of ADC connections；Wherein, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, Butterworth filter is 8-10 ranks
Butterworth filter, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 9-11 ranks.
In the scheme of the application, the input terminal of Butterworth filter is connect with the PGA in computation chip main body, is exported
End is connect with the ADC in computation chip main body, is single-phase electricity due to working as electric energy meter to be filtered by Butterworth filter
When energy table, Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 8-10 ranks, can make the 15-40 subharmonic of voltage and current
Passing through undampedly so that the AFE(analog front end) meets the standard of IR46, correspondingly, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, Bart
Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 9-11 ranks so that the AFE(analog front end) of the three-phase electric energy meter meets the standard of IR46.
Therefore, the AFE(analog front end) of electric energy meter provided by the present application meets IR46 standards.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of computation chip in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the AFE(analog front end) for the electric energy meter for meeting IR46 standards in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the computation chip main body of single-phase meter and the company of Butterworth filter in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention
Connect structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the signal bandwidth schematic diagram of bandpass filter；
Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit schematic of Butterworth filter in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the frequency-response characteristic curve of the Butterworth filter of different rank in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the computation chip main body of three-phase meter and the company of Butterworth filter in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention
Connect structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the frequency-response characteristic curve of passive RC filter；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of voltage sampling circuit in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention；
Before simulations of the Figure 10 to meet the electric energy meter of the three-phase and four-line of IR46 standards in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram at end；
Before simulations of the Figure 11 to meet the electric energy meter of the phase three-wire three of IR46 standards in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram at end；
Figure 12 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the copper-manganese sample circuit of specific implementation mode moderate heat line current of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of the mutual inductor sample circuit of neutral line current in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the knot of the AFE(analog front end) for the single-phase electric energy meter for meeting IR46 standards in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Core of the invention is to provide a kind of AFE(analog front end) for the electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
The present invention is described in further detail.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Lower obtained every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of the AFE(analog front end) for the electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards in the present invention
Figure, the AFE(analog front end) include：
For collection voltages signal and the sample circuit 10 of current signal.
In the sample circuit 10, it may include voltage sampling circuit and current sampling circuit, pass through voltage sampling circuit
The voltage signal for obtaining respective lines obtains the current signal of respective lines by current sampling circuit, and finally by acquisition
Voltage signal and current signal transfer are to computation chip main body 30.It should be noted that voltage sampling circuit and electric current are adopted
The design of sample circuit can carry out setting and adjusting accordingly according to actual conditions, have no effect on the implementation of the present invention, example
As in the specific implementation, according to the difference of the size of current in circuit, current sampling circuit can include diversified forms, such as
The firewire electric current of neutral line current and single-phase electric energy meter for single-phase electric energy meter, designs two different current sampling circuits.
The frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20 that input terminal is connect with sample circuit 10.
Frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20 is commonly used in filtering out the interference signal of high frequency, specifically, being commonly used for filtering out
Interference signal of 2 times higher than ADC sample frequencys.Frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20 is generally arranged at sample circuit 10 and computation chip master
Between body 30.
Input terminal is connect with the output end of frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20, and the control unit connection of output end and electric energy meter is used for
Carry out the computation chip main body 30 of analog-to-digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing.
Computation chip main body 30 described in this application is referred to computation chip in the prior art, i.e. computation chip master
Body 30 can realize the functions such as ADC and DSP with the sampled signal of receiving voltage and electric current, can be to the control unit of electric energy meter
Corresponding data are sent, the control unit of electric energy meter described herein may include the portions such as MCU and the display circuit of electric energy meter
Part.Such as in the structure chart of Fig. 3, the remainder for removing No. 3 Butterworth filters 40 can be considered as this kind of embodiment
In computation chip main body 30, V1P therein, V1N, V2P, V2N, the input of V3P and V3N as computation chip main body 30
End, the output end of IRQ_N/ZX, PF and QF as computation chip main body 30.Certainly, it should be pointed out that shown in Figure 2
It is that (Pmgrammable Gain Amplifier may be programmed and increase the Butterworth filter 40 and PGA in computation chip main body 30
Beneficial amplifier) and ADC connection relation, do not show that the other structures in computation chip main body 30, what is provided in Fig. 3 is one
The structure of computation chip main body 30 in kind specific implementation mode in practical applications can be according to actual conditions to metering core
The structure of piece main body 30 set and adjust accordingly, such as the increased portion in computation chip main body 30 according to actual needs
Divide function module, has no effect on the implementation of the present invention.
Input terminal is connect with the programmable gain amplifier PGA in computation chip main body 30, output end and computation chip master
The Butterworth filter 40 of analog-digital converter ADC connections in body 30；
Wherein, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, Butterworth filter 40 is the Butterworth filter of 8-10 ranks
40, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, Butterworth filter 40 is the Butterworth filter 40 of 9-11 ranks.
The signal bandwidth of active band-pass filter refers to the upper lower frequency of signal when signal decays to -3dB from 0dB
Between difference, reference can be made to Fig. 4, fH are properly termed as upper cut-off frequency, fL is properly termed as lower-cut-off frequency.In view of exchange
The lower-cut-off frequency of the characteristics of electric energy meter, the bandpass filter of selection should be 0Hz, you can so that DC component passes through this
Active band-pass filter.
Applicant has stable amplitude versus frequency characte in view of Butterworth filter 40 inside and outside passband, and designs letter
It is single, it is easy to make, therefore choose Butterworth filter 40 and be used as active band-pass filter, so that the AFE(analog front end) can expire
The requirement of sufficient IR46 standards, gets the harmonic wave of corresponding number.
Fig. 5 show the equivalent circuit schematic of Butterworth filter 40, in figure, resistance RSCan be 1 Ω, capacitance and
The parameter values matching relationship of inductance can be：
CapacitanceK therein is odd number；
InductanceK therein is even number.
N therein is the exponent number of Butterworth filter 40.Its cutoff frequency is：Cutoff frequency herein can
To be interpreted as upper cut-off frequency hereinbefore.The transmission function of the Butterworth filter 40 is：
Wherein, ω is the frequency of input signal, ωcFor cutoff frequency, n is the exponent number of Butterworth filter 40.
It can be seen from transmission function as ω=0, | H (ω) |2=1, that is, illustrate that the DC component of input signal can be with
By Butterworth filter 40, as ω=ωcWhen, | H (ω) |2=0.5, i.e., attenuated input signal extremely -3dB at this time.Bart is fertile
The frequency-response characteristic curve of this filter 40 can give 2 ranks refering to Fig. 6 in Fig. 6,5 ranks, the Bart of 10 ranks and 20 ranks
The frequency-response characteristic curve of Butterworth filter 40.It can be seen that frequency response | H (ω) |2For monotonous descending function, be not in
The fluctuating of amplitude response, as n --- when → ∞, Butterworth filter 40 tends to ideal low-pass filter, i.e. Butterworth
The exponent number of filter 40 is higher, frequency gain be approximately 1 flat segments it is wider.
Butterworth filter 40 is under different rank | H (ω) | truth table may refer to table 1.
Table 1：
In view of when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, it is desirable that examine the error to 40 subharmonic, i.e., it is required that 40 times
Harmonic wave is undampedly by the AFE(analog front end) of the single-phase electric energy meter, and for the alternating current of 50Hz, Butterworth filter 40 is cut
Only frequency should be arranged in 2kHz or more.Also, applicant is it is considered that in practical applications, the exchange of AC energy meter metering
The rated frequency of electricity between 50~60Hz, then reserved ± 10% frequency franchise, simultaneously, it is contemplated that the frequency of alternating current when metering
Rate wavelength band is 45~66Hz, then, the cutoff frequency of Butterworth filter 40 should be arranged in 2.64kHz or more, make
40 times in practical application harmonic frequencies are obtained can accurately to be measured.
In addition, it is also contemplated that it is red line to measure dynamic gain error within 0.2% usually required that, i.e., it is required that | H
(ω)>0.998, therefore, using ω=2.64kHz as frequency boundary, the cutoff frequency for the Butterworth filter 40 that can be selected
Rate ωcTruth table can be found in table 2.
Table two：
In table 2, from top to bottom, the last one frequency of each row, expression be：It is filtered in the Butterworth of current exponent number
In the case of wave device 40, and meet ω=2.64kHz as frequency boundary, | H (ω) |>0.998, the Butterworth filter
40 required minimum cutoff frequencies.That is, when choosing 5 rank Butterworth filter 40,5 rank Butterworth filtering
Device 40 needs cutoff frequency being at least set as 5.28kHz.
Applicant is configured higher in view of the cutoff frequency of Butterworth filter 40, then to the sampling of subsequent ADC
The requirement of rate is then higher, and the design difficulty for also allowing for computation chip main body 30 increases, and power consumption is also got higher.Therefore, specific
When implementation, for the single-phase electric energy meter for meeting IR46 standards, the Bart that the AFE(analog front end) of the application can choose 8-10 ranks is fertile
This filter 40, and set the cutoff frequency of the Butterworth filter of selection 40 to 3.77kHz.In practical applications,
For the common single-phase electric energy meters of the not high IR46 of required precision, the Butterworth filter 40 of 8 ranks may be used in AFE(analog front end),
For high-precision single-phase intelligent electric energy meter, AFE(analog front end) can choose the Butterworth filter 40 of 8-10 ranks.
Detailed description hereinbefore is made that the selection process of Butterworth filter 40 by taking single-phase electric energy meter as an example, it is right
For the AFE(analog front end) of three-phase electric energy meter, the design of corresponding Butterworth filter 40 can also be used.Fig. 7 is seen,
In Fig. 7, after 7 road PGA, the Butterworth filter 40 on 7 tunnels is increased.
Three-phase electric energy meter, which usually requires that, can measure 0-63 harmonic component, and the active energy of fundamental wave and harmonic wave exists
When within 0.1% error, dynamic range is no less than 5000:1.It can be deduced by the corresponding description of single-phase electric energy meter, need accurately to count
The harmonic wave that amount is 0-63 times, the cutoff frequency of Butterworth filter 40 should be arranged in 4.2kHz or more.Correspondingly, with by ω=
4.2kHz is as frequency boundary, the cutoff frequency ω for the Butterworth filter 40 that can be selectedcTruth table can be found in table 3.
Table three：
Therefore, for the electric energy meter for meeting IR46 standards of three-phase, the AFE(analog front end) of the application can choose 8-11 ranks
Butterworth filter 40, and set the cutoff frequency of the Butterworth filter of selection 40 to 6.0kHz.In view of
In practical application, for the common 1 grade of three-phase electric energy meter of the not high IR46 of required precision, bar of 8 ranks may be used in AFE(analog front end)
Special Butterworth filter 40, for common high-precision three-phase intelligent ammeter, the Bart that 9-11 ranks may be used in AFE(analog front end) is fertile
This filter 40.Correspondingly, should 6.0kHz be set as the cutoff frequency of Butterworth filter 40.
Using technical solution provided by the present invention, including：Sampling electricity for collection voltages signal and current signal
Road；The frequency overlapped-resistable filter that input terminal is connect with sample circuit；The output end of input terminal and frequency overlapped-resistable filter connects, output end
It is connect with the control unit of electric energy meter, the computation chip main body for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing；Input terminal
It is connect with the programmable gain amplifier PGA in computation chip main body, output end and the analog-digital converter in computation chip main body
The Butterworth filter of ADC connections；Wherein, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, Butterworth filter is 8-10 ranks
Butterworth filter, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 9-11 ranks.
In the scheme of the application, the input terminal of Butterworth filter is connect with the PGA in computation chip main body, is exported
End is connect with the ADC in computation chip main body, is single-phase electricity due to working as electric energy meter to be filtered by Butterworth filter
When energy table, Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 8-10 ranks, can make the 15-40 subharmonic of voltage and current
Passing through undampedly so that the AFE(analog front end) meets the standard of IR46, correspondingly, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, Bart
Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 9-11 ranks so that the AFE(analog front end) of the three-phase electric energy meter meets the standard of IR46.
Therefore, the AFE(analog front end) of electric energy meter provided by the present application meets IR46 standards.
In a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, computation chip main body 30 is
The sampling rate of ADC therein is higher than the computation chip main body 30 of 7.54ksps；
When electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the sampling rate that computation chip main body 30 is ADC therein is higher than 12ksps
Computation chip main body 30.
In view of the sampling rate of ADC usually should be greater than 2 times of signal bandwidth.In being described above it is known that when electricity
When energy table is single-phase electric energy meter, the signal bandwidth of Butterworth filter 40 is 3.77kHz, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter
When, the signal bandwidth of Butterworth filter 40 is 6.0kHz.Therefore, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, computation chip master
The sampling rate of ADC in body 30 should at least be higher than 7.54ksps, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, computation chip main body
The sampling rate of ADC in 30 should at least be higher than 12ksps.In addition, in the specific implementation, it is contemplated that the sample frequency mistake of ADC
The design difficulty of height, computation chip main body 30 can also be got higher, and corresponding power consumption is also got higher, therefore, according to table 2 and the meter of table 3
It calculates as a result, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the sampling rate of ADC can be set to 7.6ksps-8.2ksps, work as electric energy
When table is three-phase electric energy meter, the sampling rate of ADC can be set to 12ksps-16ksps.
In the specific implementation, single-phase measurement chip generally use 49S type crystal oscillators, dominant frequency truth table may refer to
Table 4.
Table 4：
When sampling external crystal oscillator as work pace in view of ADC, if avoiding the integer with 50Hz and 60Hz
The identical sampling rate of overtones band can further decrease power supply noise influence, then can be set as the preferred work dominant frequency of ADC
4.032MHz, 4.14MHz and 4.1952MHz.That is ADC can be chosen for HC-49S types, working frequency 4.032MHz, sampling rate
For 7875sps, be either HC-49S types, working frequency 4.14MHz, sampling rate 8086sps or be HC-49S types,
Working frequency is 4.1952MHz, sampling rate 8193sps.
Correspondingly, for three-phase electric energy meter, the ADC in computation chip main body 30 can be HC-49S types, work frequency
Rate is 13.1072MHz, sampling rate 12.8ksps, or is HC-49S types, working frequency 16.3840MHz, sampling speed
Rate is 16ksps.
In a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention, frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20 is passive RC filter.
Before carrying out discretization acquisition to analog signal, low-pass filter may be used and filter out higher than 1/2 sample frequency
Radio-frequency component, to solve frequency alias.In the design process of practical ammeter, the cutoff frequency of anti-aliasing low-pass filter is usual
For：Sampling rate/2.56.By above it is found that for meet IR46 requirement AFE(analog front end), when electric energy meter be single-phase electric energy meter
When, the sampling rate of ADC is approximately 8ksps, and therefore, the cutoff frequency of frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20 should be 3.125kHz.
Easy to make in view of passive RC filter is simple in structure, in the specific implementation, frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20 can be
Passive RC filter.
Fig. 8 is seen, is the frequency-response characteristic curve of passive RC filter, it is known that when choosing passive RC filtering
When device is as frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20, so that signal is undistorted, the minimum cutoff of the passive RC filter should be
31.2kHz.Based on identical principle, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, passive RC filter should be cutoff frequency and be more than
62.5khz filter.
In a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, it is contemplated that passive RC filtering
Device can be the filter that cutoff frequency is 31.2kHz, at this time：And in view of common electricity
The resistance value of resistance and capacitance can set the filter resistance in passive RC filter to 1.0k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filtering
Capacitance is 4.7nF, or sets filter resistance therein to 1.1k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 4.7nF, or
Person sets filter resistance therein to ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 100 Ω, filter capacitor 47nF, or by filtered electrical therein
The filter that resistance is set as ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 110 Ω, filter capacitor is 47nF.
Correspondingly, when electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the filter resistance in passive RC filter can be set to
1.0k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 2.2nF, or set filter resistance therein to 1.1k Ω ± 1%
50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 2.2nF, or set filter resistance therein to ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 100 Ω, filtered electrical
It is 22nF to hold, or sets filter resistance therein to ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 110 Ω, the filter that filter capacitor is 22nF.
It should be pointed out that is be given above is preferred filter resistance and filter capacitor in specific implementation mode
Set-up mode can carry out adaptable adjustment to filter resistance and filter capacitor in other embodiments, have no effect on this
The implementation of invention.For example, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the filter resistance in passive RC filter can be set to
2.2k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 2.2nF.It is to be noted that recommends the most is still directed to single-phase electric energy
Table：Filter resistance is set as 1.0k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 4.7nF, or sets filter resistance to
1.1k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 4.7nF.And for three-phase electric energy meter：Filter resistance is set as 1.0k Ω
± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 2.2nF, or set filter resistance to 1.1k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filtered electrical
It is 2.2nF to hold.
In a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention, when electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, sample circuit 10 includes electricity
Press sample circuit, the copper-manganese sample circuit of firewire electric current and the mutual inductor sample circuit of neutral line current；When electric energy meter is three-phase
When electric energy meter, sample circuit 10 includes voltage sampling circuit, the mutual inductor sample circuit of electric current.
Fig. 9 is can be found in, is the schematic diagram of voltage sampling circuit in the present invention, for three-phase electric energy meter and single-phase electric energy meter
For, voltage sampling circuit shown in Fig. 9 may be used.
When electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, Ua can be accessed in the zero curve of single-phase electric energy meter, R1~R6 can be envelope
The precision resistance of 330k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of dress, resistance R and resistance C in Fig. 9 constitute passive RC filter, i.e.,
The frequency overlapped-resistable filter 20 being connect with sample circuit 10 is also showed that in Fig. 9, Figure 12 and Figure 13 are also such.Being somebody's turn to do in Fig. 9
The resistance and capacitance of passive RC filter are chosen according to description above.It should be pointed out that voltage sample electricity
Lu Zhong using differential signal as input, and enters before computation chip main body 30, the input filter circuit of potential-divider network
Input filter circuit with low potential must be completely the same.When the interference from power grid causes ground potential to fluctuate, V3P and
The variation of same amplitude will occur for V3N, also allows for undulate quantity and cancels out each other in the ADC input terminals of computation chip main body 30, into
Without having an adverse effect to metric results.
Three-phase electric energy meter generally includes the mode of connection of phase three-wire three and three-phase and four-line, for the electric energy of three-phase and four-line
Table has 3 tunnel of A/B/C three-phases partial pressure measuring circuit that voltage sample shown in Fig. 9 may be used for each phase in three-phase
Circuit.For the electric energy meter of phase three-wire three, having two lines of AB/CB, partial pressure measuring circuit in totally 2 tunnels can also use this two-way
The principle of Fig. 9.Figure 10 and Figure 11 is can be found in, respectively when it is implemented, the electric energy meter of three-phase and four-line and phase three-wire three
The structural schematic diagram of AFE(analog front end).
When electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, firewire electric current generally use copper-manganese sample circuit 10 sees Figure 12,
In, r0 is the resistance value of copper-manganese, generally selects 175~350 μ Ω, naturally it is also possible to according to the range of electric energy meter in practical application into
Row reasonably selects.In this kind of embodiment, it is provided with first resistor Rs, the first end of first resistor and the of manganese copper diverter
One input terminal connects, and the second end of first resistor and the second input terminal of manganese copper diverter connect, and manganese copper diverter herein can
To be considered as the remainder for removing first resistor in Figure 12.In the design of manganese copper diverter, when copper-manganese output lead is assembling
After touching broken string in the process, since V1P and V1N signals are hanging, extraneous any interference may all lead to computation chip input signal
Mutation, after the amplification of computation chip main body 30, can export high frequency electric pulse, be commonly called as flying away.Under the circumstances, this hair
It is provided with first resistor Rs in this kind of bright embodiment, after can preventing copper-manganese output lead from touching broken string, V1P and V2N's
Signal is hanging.First resistor Rs may be used low excursion with temperature, high voltage precision resistance, resistance value can be 510~1000 Ω
± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, i.e. its resistance value should be much larger than the metalfilmresistor of r0, prevent the accuracy for influencing to measure.In addition, when specific
In, when copper-manganese output pin directly welds together with PCB, first resistor Rs can not be configured.
Similar to voltage sampling circuit, copper-manganese sample circuit also uses Differential Input method, for offsetting since current potential is dry
Influence of the ground electric potential fluctuation to metric results caused by disturbing.In copper-manganese sample circuit, resistance R and capacitance C are passive RC
Filter.It should be pointed out that in copper-manganese sample circuit, the resistance value setting of resistance R and the capacitance setting of capacitance C should be with
Corresponding setting in voltage sampling circuit remains exactly the same.
When electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, Figure 13 is seen, neutral line current is using mutual inductor sample circuit, figure
R1 in 13 is sample resistance, can select the precision resistance of ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 5.1 Ω of high voltage.It is adopted in neutral line current
In mutual inductor sample circuit, current signal is input to computation chip main body 30 after r1 is transformed to voltage signal, it is also necessary to
Using Differential Input (V2P and V2N), the influence that power grid interferes directly is offset.Also, filter circuit is also shown in figure,
The setting of its filter resistance R and filter resistance C, also should be to the corresponding setting in copper-manganese sample circuit and voltage sampling circuit
It remains exactly the same.Figure 14 is can be found in, before the simulation for the single-phase electric energy meter for meeting IR46 standards in a kind of specific implementation mode
The structural schematic diagram at end, in this kind of embodiment, the filter resistance of passive RC filter circuits is 1k Ω, filter capacitor 4.7nF.
When electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, for three-phase and four-line electric energy meter, A/B/C three-phases use current transformer
The mode of sampling, i.e., for any one phase in three-phase, elementary diagram can be to have some special measurement fields shown in Figure 13
It in conjunction, needs to sample neutral line current, at this point, zero curve needs to install current transformer, connection principle is also identical as A/B/C.For
Three-phase three-wire electric energy meter usually only needs to measure A phases and C phase currents, so, only two-way current measurement device, each phase are electric
The mode of connection of stream can also be identical as Figure 13.
The present invention also provides a kind of electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards, which may include any of the above-described embodiment
In the electric energy meter for meeting IR46 standards AFE(analog front end), not repeated explanation herein.
It should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to one
Entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
There are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to contain
Lid non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
Principle and implementation of the present invention are described for specific case used herein, and above example is said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand technical scheme of the present invention and its core concept.It should be pointed out that for the common of the art
, without departing from the principle of the present invention, can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention for technical staff, these
Improvement and modification are also fallen within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of AFE(analog front end) for the electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that including：
For collection voltages signal and the sample circuit of current signal；
The frequency overlapped-resistable filter that input terminal is connect with the sample circuit；
Input terminal is connect with the output end of the frequency overlapped-resistable filter, the connection of the control unit of output end and electric energy meter, for into
The computation chip main body of row analog-to-digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing；
Input terminal is connect with the programmable gain amplifier PGA in the computation chip main body, output end and the computation chip
The Butterworth filter of analog-digital converter ADC connections in main body；
Wherein, when the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the Butterworth filter is that the Butterworth of 8-10 ranks filters
Device, when the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the Butterworth filter is the Butterworth filter of 9-11 ranks.
2. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to claim 1 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that when the electric energy
When table is single-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is that the sampling rate of the ADC therein is higher than the metering of 7.54ksps
Chip body；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is that the sampling rate of the ADC therein is higher than
The computation chip main body of 12ksps.
3. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to claim 2 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that when the electric energy
When table is single-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is that the sampling rate of the ADC therein is 7.6ksps-8.2ksps's
Computation chip main body；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is that the sampling rate of the ADC therein is
The computation chip main body of 12ksps-16ksps.
4. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to claim 3 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that when the electric energy
Table be single-phase electric energy meter when, the computation chip main body be the ADC therein be HC-49S types, working frequency is
4.032MHz, sampling rate 7875sps, or be HC-49S types, working frequency 4.14MHz, sampling rate are
8086sps, or be 8193sps for HC-49S types, working frequency 4.1952MHz, sampling rate computation chip main body；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the computation chip main body is that the ADC therein is HC-49S types, work
Frequency is 13.1072MHz, sampling rate 12.8ksps, or is HC-49S types, working frequency 16.3840MHz, sampling
Rate is the computation chip main body of 16ksps.
5. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to claim 1 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that described anti-aliasing
Filter is passive RC filter.
6. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to claim 5 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that when the electric energy
When table is single-phase electric energy meter, the passive RC filter is the filter that cutoff frequency is more than 31.2khz；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the passive RC filter is the filter that cutoff frequency is more than 62.5khz.
7. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to claim 6 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that when the electric energy
When table is single-phase electric energy meter, the passive RC filter is that filter resistance therein is 1.0k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filtered electrical
Appearance be 4.7nF either filter resistance therein be 1.1k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 4.7nF or therein
Filter resistance is that ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 100 Ω, filter capacitor 47nF or filter resistance therein are 110 Ω ± 1%
50ppm/ DEG C, the filter that filter capacitor is 47nF；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the passive RC filter is that filter resistance therein is 1.0k Ω ± 1%
50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor 2.2nF or filter resistance therein are 1.1k Ω ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C, filter capacitor is
Either filter resistance therein is ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 100 Ω, filter capacitor 22nF or filtered electrical therein to 2.2nF
Resistance be ± 1%50ppm/ DEG C of 110 Ω, the filter that filter capacitor is 22nF.
8. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that
When the electric energy meter is single-phase electric energy meter, the sample circuit includes voltage sampling circuit, the copper-manganese sampling electricity of firewire electric current
The mutual inductor sample circuit of road and neutral line current；
When the electric energy meter is three-phase electric energy meter, the sample circuit includes voltage sampling circuit, the mutual inductor sample of electric current
Circuit.
9. the AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter according to claim 8 for meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that when the electric energy
When table is single-phase electric energy meter, the copper-manganese sample circuit includes manganese copper diverter and first resistor, and the of the first resistor
One end is connect with the first input end of the manganese copper diverter, and the of the second end of the first resistor and the manganese copper diverter
Two input terminals connect.
10. a kind of electric energy meter meeting IR46 standards, which is characterized in that meet including as described in any one of claim 1 to 9
The AFE(analog front end) of the electric energy meter of IR46 standards.
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| CN201810736754.1A CN108535539A (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | A kind of electric energy meter and its AFE(analog front end) meeting IR46 standards |
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| CN110082701A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-02 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of electric energy meter measurement error on-line monitoring circuit and method based on copper-manganese sampling |
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| WO2021035615A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Analog front-end circuit and related chip, and handheld apparatus |
| CN113325214A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-31 | 深圳市鼎阳科技股份有限公司 | Oscilloscope supporting sound analysis and triggering |
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