CN108531035B - Coating, preparation method and air source heat pump evaporator with coating - Google Patents

Coating, preparation method and air source heat pump evaporator with coating Download PDF

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CN108531035B
CN108531035B CN201810282193.2A CN201810282193A CN108531035B CN 108531035 B CN108531035 B CN 108531035B CN 201810282193 A CN201810282193 A CN 201810282193A CN 108531035 B CN108531035 B CN 108531035B
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coating
icing
modifier
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parts
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CN108531035A (en
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苏斌
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
    • C09D5/082—Anti-corrosive paints characterised by the anti-corrosive pigment
    • C09D5/084—Inorganic compounds
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
    • C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
    • C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
    • C09D5/1675—Polyorganosiloxane-containing compositions
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1681—Antifouling coatings characterised by surface structure, e.g. for roughness effect giving superhydrophobic coatings or Lotus effect
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1687—Use of special additives
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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    • C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
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    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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Abstract

The invention discloses a coating, a preparation method and an air source heat pump evaporator with the coating, wherein the coating comprises an anti-icing coating and a modifier, wherein the anti-icing coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55 parts of resin base material, 0.1-0.2 part of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.2 part of flatting agent, 30-40 parts of solvent, 10-15 parts of hydrophobic nano powder and 2-4 parts of defoaming agent; the anti-icing coating and the modifier are sequentially coated on the cold surface of the air source heat pump evaporator. The air source heat pump evaporator provided by the invention has good hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, and has good deicing and defrosting effects.

Description

Coating, preparation method and air source heat pump evaporator with coating
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to a coating and a preparation method thereof, and provides an air source heat pump evaporator with the surface coated with the coating.
Background
The air source heat pump is a device which takes air as a low-temperature heat source and improves low-temperature heat energy in the air into high-temperature heat energy for utilization, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection, no pollution and the like. The weather conditions are generally poor in winter in the north, and the frosting problem becomes one of the technical problems of a plurality of air source heat pump manufacturers along with the continuous reduction of outdoor temperature, the main reason is that the frosting has two main effects on the operation of a heat pump unit, and the heat transfer performance of an evaporator is weakened due to the large amount of frosting accumulation; and secondly, frost formation hinders the critical gas flow of the outdoor plate, and the energy loss of the fan is increased. Along with the increase of frost layers of the walls of the outdoor heat exchangers, the temperature of the evaporator of the outdoor heat exchanger is reduced, the heating capacity of the unit is reduced, a fan type electrical system is attenuated, the input current is increased, the heat supply performance coefficient is reduced, and even the compressor can be shut down in serious conditions, so that defrosting becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved when the air source heat pump unit is normally operated.
Although defrosting can be realized in a plurality of modes, in order to ensure heating of the heat pump unit, only electric auxiliary heat can be adopted, so that COP of the whole air energy heat pump unit is reduced, and the operation cost is greatly increased. Generally, the defrosting mainly includes shutdown defrosting, electric heating defrosting, hot gas bypass defrosting, reverse cycle defrosting, and the like, wherein the reverse cycle defrosting is the most common defrosting mode at present. The super-hydrophobic thin surface of the anti-icing and frosting coating reported at present is poor in transparency, weak in binding force with a base material, easy to fall off and poor in durability and ageing resistance. In addition, the surface of the coating is not oleophobic, and in real life, a plurality of pollutants are organic matters, and the oleophobic surface can effectively prevent or reduce the attachment of the organic pollutants, thereby really achieving the self-cleaning effect.
The evaporator frost-proof and ice-proof nano coating is based on a nanotechnology and can regulate and control the physical and chemical properties of the surface of the evaporator fin. The coating material can effectively reduce the adhesion between the surface of the base material and condensed water, so that the coating material has super-hydrophobicity to the condensed water, the condensed water is in a bead shape on the cold surface, is easy to roll off and difficult to accumulate on the surface of the fin, the cold surface is free of frost and can be solidified, and the frosting time of the surface of the fin can be effectively delayed.
Therefore, it is an urgent problem to provide a coating material having high hydrophobicity and high oil-release property and excellent defrosting effect and an air heat source pump evaporator coated with the coating material.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a coating material, which has good hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, can effectively reduce the acting force between the condensed water drops or frost layer and the surface of the substrate, and has an excellent defrosting effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the coating comprises an anti-icing coating, wherein the anti-icing coating comprises the following components in parts by weight 100:
Figure BDA0001612472010000021
according to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the anti-icing coating has the following beneficial effects after being coated on the surface of the base material:
1. in a low-temperature and humid environment, the frosting phenomenon cannot be completely avoided, after the anti-icing coating is coated on the surface of a base material, the frost layer and the surface of the base material have lower acting force, and the frost layer can be melted when the temperature of the surface of the base material is slightly higher than 0 ℃, so that the whole frost layer is easy to fall off from the surface of the base material under the action of gravity;
2. the condensed water is difficult to accumulate: the contact angle of the condensed water drops is more than 150 degrees, the adhesion force of the condensed water on the surface of the base material coated with the anti-icing coating is reduced, so that the condensed water drops are easy to roll off from the surface of the base material and are difficult to accumulate.
3. Delay of formation time of frost: the heat transfer area between the condensate water drops and the cold surface of the base material is reduced, the condensate water is prevented from being converted into frost, and meanwhile, the formation of the frost is further prevented due to the fact that the condensate water is not easy to accumulate, and the defrosting period is greatly prolonged;
4. more power saving during defrosting: the acting force between the frost layer and the surface of the base material is effectively reduced, the defrosting is easier, the defrosting time is obviously shortened, and more electricity and energy are saved during the defrosting.
Preferably, in one of the above coatings, the resin binder is one or a combination of more of an aqueous self-drying ceramic resin, an aqueous self-drying polyurea resin, an aqueous self-drying epoxy phosphoric acid resin and an aqueous self-drying organic silicon resin.
The resin material has the following functional characteristics:
(1) the resin material has the characteristic of self-drying film forming at normal temperature, so that baking is not needed, and the preparation process is simple.
(2) The coating hardness of the resin base material is as high as 2H-9H, and the resin base material has good wear resistance and scratch resistance.
(3) The coating has excellent antifouling, anti-fouling, antibacterial and anti-fingerprint performances, is not easy to stain and is convenient to manage.
(4) The coating film has high transparency, high glossiness, high mirror surface degree, good color-moistening effect, smooth and fine surface, rich and smooth texture and comfortable hand feeling.
(5) The resin has tiny particles and excellent adhesive property, can be used with various primers, is not easy to peel off, and is a good primer and finish paint.
(6) The paint has the advantages of rust prevention, skid resistance, acid and alkali salt resistance and other chemicals corrosion, water resistance, hydrophobicity, liquid permeation prevention, mildew resistance, high temperature resistance (700 ℃) without combustion, ultraviolet aging resistance, electrical insulation and other excellent performances.
(7) The combination of the raw materials in a specific proportion does not need to add a curing agent, has simple operation and construction tools, and is suitable for coating of various spraying devices such as spraying, roll coating, dip coating, hairbrush and the like; the coating is constructed at normal temperature, curing equipment such as UV or baking is not needed, the production cost can be greatly reduced, and the coating is environment-friendly, non-toxic, green, healthy, free of environmental pollution, convenient to discard and recycle, and free of secondary cost.
Preferably, in one of the above coatings, the dispersant is one or a combination of more of BYK902, BYK2015, BYK141, SN5040, and EFKA 4050.
Preferably, in one of the above coatings, the leveling agent is one or more of BYK306, EFKA3777, BNK333, BYK333, TEGO450, SRE3045, DC 57.
Due to the influence of the performance of the hydrophobic nano powder, the invention preferably selects the macromolecular dispersing agent and the leveling agent with different molecular weight ranges and polarities to be used in the coating, has strong adsorption effect on the surface of the hydrophobic nano powder, and simultaneously has the characteristics of good wetting effect, short grinding time, high output and the like, and the treated product has excellent anti-flocculation property and can prevent the re-aggregation of dispersed particles. The combination of the preferred leveling agent of the invention ensures that the coating has excellent substrate lubricating and leveling performance, simultaneously has good water solubility and oil solubility, can prevent the generation of defects such as shrinkage cavity, orange peel and the like, and can obviously improve the caking property.
Preferably, in one of the above-mentioned coating materials, the solvent is one or a combination of more of benzene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, alcohol, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, and diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.
Preferably, in one of the above coatings, the hydrophobic nanopowder is one or more of nano zinc oxide, nano titanium dioxide, nano aluminum trioxide, nano silicon dioxide, nano antimony tin oxide, and nano indium tin oxide. More preferably, the particle size of the hydrophobic nanopowder is in the range of 10nm to 50 nm.
The addition of the hydrophobic nanometer powder enables the prepared coating to form a nanometer coating with excellent effect on the surface of equipment, so that the coating forms a lotus leaf effect, and can effectively prevent the equipment surface from being affected with damp and corroded by acid, alkali and salt.
The inventor unexpectedly discovers that the nano zinc oxide, the nano titanium dioxide and the nano aluminum trioxide are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1-10 and are used in the coating, preferably, the nano zinc oxide, the nano titanium dioxide and the nano aluminum trioxide are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1 and are used in the coating, and the mixing of the nano zinc oxide, the nano titanium dioxide and the nano aluminum trioxide is synergetic, so that the effects of corrosion prevention, sterilization and mildew removal are improved, the adhesive force and the wear resistance of the coating are improved, and the cost is saved.
Preferably, in one of the coatings, the defoaming agent is one or any combination of polydimethylsiloxane, cyclomethicone, aminosiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane and polyether polysiloxane copolymer.
Preferably, in the above paint, the paint further comprises a modifier, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in 100 parts by weight:
0.5 to 5 parts of a siloxane-based material,
95-99.5 parts of an alcohol solvent.
After the modifier coating is added, the hydrophobicity of the coating can be obviously improved, the anti-icing performance is improved, and the durability and the water resistance of the coating are improved, namely the anti-icing performance is improved.
Preferably, in one of the above coatings, the siloxane-based material is CF3(CF2)5CH2CH2SiCl3、C8F17CH2CH2SiCl3、C8F17SiCl3、C8F17CH2CH2-Si(OCH3)3、C10F21SiCl3、CF3(CF2)5(CH2)2-(CH3)2SiCl、C6F13(CH2)2Si(OC2H5)3One or more combinations thereof.
Preferably, in one of the above-mentioned coating materials, the alcoholic solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and diethylene glycol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the coating, the coating comprises an anti-icing coating, and the preparation method of the anti-icing coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the anti-icing coating, mixing and dispersing the hydrophobic nano material, the dispersing agent, the flatting agent and the solvent to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) adding a resin base material into the dispersion solution obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring, adding a defoaming agent, and stirring again to obtain the anti-icing coating. Specifically, the mechanical stirring can be 8-12 min, and the re-stirring time can be 4-6 min after the defoaming agent is added.
Preferably, in the above one of the coating preparation methods, in step (1), the mixture of the hydrophobic nanomaterial, the dispersant, the leveling agent, and the solvent is poured into a stirrer, a homogenizer, and an ultrasonic disperser in sequence for dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid. Specifically, stirring is carried out for 25-35 min under the condition that the rotating speed of a stirrer is 4000-5000 r/min, homogenizing is carried out for 8-12 min under the condition that the rotating speed of a homogenizer is 20000r/min, and dispersing is carried out for 25-35 min in an ultrasonic wave dispersing instrument, so as to obtain the dispersion liquid.
According to the technical scheme, three times of dispersing processes are respectively carried out by the stirrer, the homogenizer and the ultrasonic disperser in the preparation process of the anti-icing coating, so that the particles of all materials are finer and more uniform in mixing, and the flatness and smoothness of the surface layer of the coating are improved.
Preferably, in the above method for preparing a coating, the coating further comprises a modifier, and the method for preparing the modifier comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the modifier, and sequentially pouring the siloxane material and the alcohol solvent into a homogenizer for dispersion to obtain dispersion liquid; specifically, firstly, pouring the siloxane material and the alcohol solvent into a homogenizer for soaking for 1 hour, and then homogenizing for 25-35 min under the condition that the rotating speed of the homogenizer is 600r/min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier. Specifically, the heating time can be 1 hour, and the heating temperature can be 110-130 ℃.
The invention provides an air source heat pump evaporator which comprises an evaporator body, wherein the cold surface of the evaporator body is coated with the anti-icing coating and the modifier in sequence. Preferably, the thickness of the anti-icing coating is 40-50 um, and the thickness of the modifying agent is 9-11 um.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described in conjunction with the following embodiments, which are given by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example one
The coating in the embodiment comprises an anti-icing coating and a modifier, wherein the anti-icing coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: water-based self-drying ceramic resin: 500g, BYK 902: 1g, BYK 306: 1g, benzene: 350g, nano-silica: 125g, polydimethylsiloxane: 23 g.
The preparation method of the anti-icing coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the anti-icing paint, adding nano silicon dioxide, BYK902, BYK306 and benzene into a stirrer, stirring at the rotation speed of 5000r/min, pouring into a homogenizer after stirring for 25min, homogenizing at the rotation speed of 20000r/min, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic disperser after homogenizing for 8min, and dispersing for 25min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) adding the water-based self-drying ceramic resin into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring for 8min, adding polydimethylsiloxane, and stirring again for 4min to obtain the anti-icing coating.
The modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps: CF (compact flash)3(CF2)5CH2CH2SiCl3: 15g, ethylene glycol: 985 g.
The preparation method of the modifier in the embodiment is as follows:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the modifier, and sequentially adding CF3(CF2)5CH2CH2SiCl3And ethylene glycol are poured into a homogenizer, and after soaking for 1h, the mixture is homogenized for 25min under the condition of 600r/min, and then dispersion liquid is obtained;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier.
The air source heat pump evaporator in the embodiment comprises an evaporator body, wherein the anti-icing coating is sprayed on the cold surface of the evaporator body, the coating thickness is 45um, the modifying agent is sprayed on the surface of the anti-icing coating, the coating thickness of the modifying agent is 10um, and the air source heat pump evaporator is kept stand and self-dried for 24 hours.
Example two
The coating in the embodiment comprises an anti-icing coating and a modifier, wherein the anti-icing coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: water-based self-drying epoxy phosphoric acid resin: 500g, BYK 141: 1g, EFKA 3777: 1g, acetone: 350g, nano titanium dioxide: 125g, cyclomethicone: 23 g.
The preparation method of the anti-icing coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the anti-icing paint, adding nano titanium dioxide, BYK141, EFKA3777 and acetone into a stirrer, stirring at the rotation speed of 5000r/min, pouring into a homogenizer after stirring for 25min, homogenizing at the rotation speed of 20000r/min, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic disperser after homogenizing for 8min, and dispersing for 25min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) adding the water-based self-drying epoxy phosphoric acid resin into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring for 8min, adding cyclomethicone, and stirring again for 4min to obtain the anti-icing coating.
The modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps: c8F17CH2CH2SiCl3: 25g, ethanol: 975 g.
The preparation method of the modifier in the embodiment is as follows:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the modifier, and sequentially adding C8F17CH2CH2SiCl3Adding ethanol, soaking for 1 hr, and homogenizing at 600r/min for 25min to obtain dispersion;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier.
In the embodiment, the anti-icing coating is sprayed on the cold surface of the evaporator body, the thickness of the coating is 40 microns, the modifying agent is sprayed on the surface of the anti-icing coating, the thickness of the modifying agent coating is 10 microns, and after the spraying is finished, the air source heat pump evaporator is baked for 1 hour at the temperature of 140 ℃.
EXAMPLE III
The coating in the embodiment comprises an anti-icing coating and a modifier, wherein the anti-icing coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: water-based self-drying ceramic resin: 330g of water-based self-drying polyurea resin: 200g, BYK 2015: 1.5g, BYK 306: 1g, EFKA 3777: 0.5g, ethyl acetate: 300g, nano zinc oxide: 130g, polydimethylsiloxane: 17g and 20g of aminosiloxane.
The preparation method of the coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the anti-icing paint, sequentially adding nano zinc oxide, BYK2015, BYK306, EFKA3777 and ethyl acetate into a stirrer, stirring at the rotating speed of 4500r/min, stirring for 30min, pouring into a homogenizer, homogenizing at the rotating speed of 20000r/min, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic disperser for ultrasonic dispersion after homogenizing for 10min, and dispersing for 30min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) sequentially adding the water-based self-drying ceramic resin and the water-based self-drying polyurea resin into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring for 10min, adding polydimethylsiloxane and aminosiloxane, and stirring again for 5min to obtain the anti-icing coating.
The modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps: C8F17SiCl 3: 30g, ethanol: 520g, ethylene glycol: 450 g.
The preparation method of the modifier in the embodiment is as follows:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the modifier, sequentially pouring C8F17SiCl3, ethanol and ethylene glycol into a homogenizer, soaking for 1h, and homogenizing at 600r/min for 25min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier.
The air source heat pump evaporator in the embodiment comprises an evaporator body, wherein the anti-icing coating is sprayed on the cold surface of the evaporator body, the coating thickness is 45um, the modifying agent is sprayed on the surface of the anti-icing coating, the coating thickness of the modifying agent is 10um, and the air source heat pump evaporator is kept stand and self-dried for 24 hours.
Example four
The coating in the embodiment comprises an anti-icing coating and a modifier, wherein the anti-icing coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: water-based self-drying silicone resin: 550g, SN 5040: 1.5g, BYK 333: 1.5g, propylene glycol methyl ether: 300g, nano zinc oxide: 40g, nano titanium dioxide: 40g of the total weight of the mixture; nano aluminum trioxide: 40g of the total weight of the mixture; polymethylphenylsiloxane: 27 g.
The preparation method of the anti-icing coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the anti-icing paint, adding nano zinc oxide, SN5040, BYK333 and propylene glycol methyl ether into a stirrer, stirring at the rotation speed of 5000r/min, stirring for 30min, pouring into a homogenizer, homogenizing at the rotation speed of 20000r/min, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic disperser after homogenizing for 10min, and dispersing for 30min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) adding the water-based self-drying organic silicon resin into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring for 10min, adding polymethylphenylsiloxane, and stirring again for 5min to obtain the anti-icing coating.
The modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps: c10F21SiCl3: 35g, diethylene glycol: 965 g.
The preparation method of the modifier in the embodiment is as follows:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the modifier, and sequentially adding C10F21SiCl3And diethylene glycol are poured into a homogenizer, soaked for 1h and dispersed for 25min under the condition of 600r/min to obtain dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier.
In the embodiment, the anti-icing coating is sprayed on the cold surface of the evaporator body, the thickness of the coating is 45 microns, the modifying agent is sprayed on the surface of the anti-icing coating, the thickness of the modifying agent coating is 10 microns, and after the spraying is finished, the air source heat pump evaporator is baked for 1 hour at the temperature of 150 ℃.
EXAMPLE five
The coating in the embodiment comprises an anti-icing coating and a modifier, wherein the anti-icing coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: water-based self-drying silicone resin: 250g, water-based self-drying ceramic resin: 250g, EFKA 4050: 2g, BNK 333: 1g, BYK 306: 1g, ethyl acetate: 320g, nano zinc oxide: 50g of the total weight of the mixture; nano titanium dioxide: 50g of the total weight of the mixture; nano aluminum trioxide: 50g of the total weight of the mixture; polydimethylsiloxane: 26 g.
The preparation method of the anti-icing coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the anti-icing paint, sequentially adding nano silicon dioxide, EFKA4050, BNK333, BYK306 and ethyl acetate into a stirrer, stirring at the rotation speed of 4000r/min, pouring into a homogenizer after stirring for 35min, homogenizing at the rotation speed of 20000r/min, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic disperser after homogenizing for 12min, and dispersing for 35min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) adding the water-based self-drying organic silicon resin into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring for 12min, adding polydimethylsiloxane, and stirring again for 6min to obtain the anti-icing coating.
The modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps: c6F13(CH2)2Si(OC2H5)3: 50g, isopropyl alcohol: 1000 g.
The preparation method of the modifier in the embodiment is as follows:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the modifier, and sequentially adding C6F13(CH2)2Si(OC2H5)3Pouring the mixture and isopropanol into a homogenizer, soaking for 1h, and dispersing for 30min at the speed of 600r/min to obtain dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier.
The air source heat pump evaporator comprises an evaporator body, wherein anti-icing paint is sprayed on the cold surface of the evaporator body, the thickness of the coating is 50um, a modifier is sprayed on the surface of the anti-icing paint coating, the thickness of the modifier coating is 10um, and after the spraying is finished, the evaporator body is baked for 1 hour at the temperature of 160 ℃.
EXAMPLE six
The coating in the embodiment comprises an anti-icing coating and a modifier, wherein the anti-icing coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: water-based self-drying epoxy phosphoric acid resin: 300g, aqueous self-drying polyurea resin: 250g, BYK 2015: 1g, BYK 141: 1g, BNK 333: 2g, propylene glycol methyl ether: 300g, nano aluminum trioxide: 110g, polymethylphenylsiloxane: 15g, cyclomethicone: 21 g.
The preparation method of the anti-icing coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the anti-icing paint, sequentially adding nano aluminum trioxide, BYK2015, BYK141, BNK333 and propylene glycol methyl ether into a stirrer, stirring at the rotation speed of 4000r/min, pouring into a homogenizer after stirring for 35min, homogenizing at the rotation speed of 20000r/min, pouring the mixture into an ultrasonic disperser after homogenizing for 12min, and dispersing for 35min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) sequentially adding the water-based self-drying epoxy phosphoric acid resin and the water-based self-drying polyurea resin into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring for 12min, adding polymethylphenylsiloxane and cyclomethicone, and stirring again for 6min to obtain the anti-icing coating.
The modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps: C8F17SiCl 3: 50g, ethylene glycol: 1000 g.
The preparation method of the modifier in the embodiment is as follows:
step (1): respectively weighing the raw materials of the modifier, sequentially pouring C8F17SiCl3 and ethylene glycol into a homogenizer, soaking for 1h, and dispersing for 30min at the speed of 600r/min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier.
The air source heat pump evaporator comprises an evaporator body, wherein anti-icing paint is sprayed on the cold surface of the evaporator body, the thickness of the coating is 50um, a modifier is sprayed on the surface of the anti-icing paint coating, the thickness of the modifier coating is 10um, and after the spraying is finished, the evaporator body is baked for 1 hour at 150 ℃.
Test No.)
Seven air source heat pump evaporators are provided by Beijing brocade new century research institute in 2017, 11 and 30, wherein one cold surface is not subjected to coating treatment, and in addition, six air source heat pump evaporators are sequentially coated with an anti-icing coating and a modifier on the cold surface according to the spraying methods of the first embodiment to the sixth embodiment respectively, wherein the coating thickness of the anti-icing coating is 40 microns, the coating thickness of the modifier is 10 microns, and the air source heat pump coated with the anti-icing coating and the modifier is subjected to standing and curing for 24 hours to cure the coating. And performing performance tests between 12 and 1 days in 2017 and 03 and 01 days in 2018, wherein the air source heat pump evaporator coated with the anti-icing coating and the modifier is not provided with an electric auxiliary heating device, and the air source heat pump evaporator without the coating is provided with the electric auxiliary heating device. The coating adhesion test was carried out according to the test standard GB/T9286-1998 and evaluated in grades, the test results being shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001612472010000111
In table 1, the coating adhesion was evaluated as follows: the 0 level represents that the cutting edge is completely smooth and no lattice falls off; level 1 indicates that a small amount of sheet peeling occurs at the cut, but the cross-cut area has little effect; grade 2 represents that the shedding proportion of the edge of the overcut at the cutting part is more than 5 percent, but the influence is not more than 15 percent; grade 3 represents the coating falling off partially or totally in large fragments along the cutting edge, with a percentage of falling off greater than 15% and the affected area not greater than 35%; level 4 represents the coating falling off as large pieces along the cut edge, or some squares partially or completely, with a percentage of fall off greater than 35% and an area affected no greater than 65%.
Test No. two
Providing seven air source heat pump evaporators, coating one of the cold surfaces with a commercially available anti-icing coating, sequentially coating the other six air source heat pump evaporators with the anti-icing coating and a modifier on the cold surfaces according to the spraying methods of the first embodiment to the sixth embodiment, wherein the coating thickness of the anti-icing coating is 50 microns, the coating thickness of the modifier is 10 microns, and baking the air source heat pump evaporators coated with the anti-icing coating and the modifier at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 1 hour to cure the coating. And carrying out comparison tests in the Xixia Yinchuan region from 2016 (11-15 months) to 2017 (03-15 months), wherein the coating is tested by a light aging test method according to the national standard GB/T1865-1997 for 1000h, and the aging degree of the coating is evaluated according to the national standard GB/T1766-1995. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001612472010000121
In table 2, the rating criteria for the photoaging test are as follows: level 0 represents no perceptible change; level 1 represents very slight, i.e. just noticeable, change; level 2 represents slight, i.e. clearly noticeable, changes; level 3 represents medium, i.e. clearly noticeable changes; level 4 represents a large, i.e., large, variation; grade 5 represents severe, i.e. strongly varying.
Through the first test and the second test, after the anti-icing coating and the modifier prepared in any one of the first test and the sixth test are coated on the cold surface of the air source heat pump evaporator, no frosting phenomenon exists even at the temperature of minus 30 ℃, the contact angle of the surface of the air source heat pump evaporator and water is more than 150 degrees, the contact angle of the surface of the air source heat pump evaporator and oil is more than 120 degrees, in the light aging test, the obvious damage does not occur for 1000 hours, in the comparative example, after the light aging test is carried out for 200 hours, the obvious damage starts to occur, and after the light aging test is carried out for 1000 hours, the surface of the air source heat pump evaporator is greatly damaged. Therefore, the air source heat pump evaporators provided in the first to sixth embodiments all have good hydrophobic and oleophobic characteristics, and not only are the deicing and defrosting effects excellent, but also the anti-aging capability is strong.
From the above tests, it can be seen that in the fourth and fifth examples, the surface of the coating remains unchanged after the photoaging test is continued for 1000 hours, and therefore, when the nano zinc oxide, the nano titanium dioxide and the nano aluminum trioxide are mixed and used in the coating at a ratio of 1:1:1, the mixing of the three components synergistically improves the anti-aging performance of the coating through the electrochemical anticorrosion protection effect.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. The coating is characterized by comprising an anti-icing coating, wherein the anti-icing coating comprises the following components in parts by weight 100:
Figure FDA0002680100290000011
the hydrophobic nano powder is a combination of nano zinc oxide, nano titanium dioxide and nano aluminum trioxide; the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide to the nano titanium dioxide to the nano aluminum trioxide is 1:1: 1;
the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight:
0.5 to 5 parts of a siloxane-based material,
95-99.5 parts of an alcohol solvent;
wherein the siloxane material is CF3(CF2)5CH2CH2SiCl3、C8F17CH2CH2SiCl3、C8F17SiCl3、C8F17CH2CH2-Si(OCH3)3、C10F21SiCl3、CF3(CF2)5(CH2)2-(CH3)2SiCl、C6F13(CH2)2Si(OC2H5)3One or any combination of several of them.
2. The paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin binder is one or more of water-soluble self-drying ceramic resin, water-soluble self-drying polyurea resin, water-soluble self-drying epoxy phosphoric acid resin and water-soluble self-drying organic silicon resin.
3. A coating according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant is one or more of BYK902, BYK2015, BYK141, SN5040, EFKA 4050.
4. The coating of claim 1 wherein the leveling agent is one or more combinations of BYK306, EFKA3777, BNK333, BYK333, TEGO450, SRE3045, DC 57.
5. The preparation method of the coating is characterized in that the coating comprises an anti-icing coating, and the preparation method of the anti-icing coating comprises the following steps:
step (1): weighing raw materials of the anti-icing paint as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 respectively, mixing and dispersing the hydrophobic nano material, the dispersing agent, the flatting agent and the solvent to obtain a dispersion solution;
step (2): and (2) adding the resin base material into the dispersion solution obtained in the step (1), mechanically stirring, adding the defoaming agent, and uniformly stirring again to obtain the anti-icing coating.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the coating further comprises a modifying agent, and the modifying agent is prepared by the method comprising the steps of:
step (1): respectively weighing raw materials of the modifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and sequentially pouring siloxane materials and alcohol solvents into a homogenizer for dispersion to obtain dispersion liquid;
step (2): and (2) heating the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1), and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modifier.
7. An air source heat pump evaporator, characterized by comprising an evaporator body, wherein the cold surface of the evaporator body is coated with the anti-icing coating and the finishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in sequence.
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