CN108526684B - 一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置 - Google Patents

一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置 Download PDF

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CN108526684B
CN108526684B CN201810669131.7A CN201810669131A CN108526684B CN 108526684 B CN108526684 B CN 108526684B CN 201810669131 A CN201810669131 A CN 201810669131A CN 108526684 B CN108526684 B CN 108526684B
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titanium alloy
filter element
laser
alloy filter
nanosecond laser
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刘鹏
向阳
王大鹏
李俊伟
郭晨策
苏孝国
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China Shipbuilding Haiwei High Tech Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B23K26/0648Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36Removing material
    • B23K26/38Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B23K26/382Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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    • B23K26/702Auxiliary equipment

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Abstract

一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置,包括纳秒激光器,和在纳秒激光器的后的光路上依次设置的扩束镜、聚焦透镜、不锈钢薄片、钛合金滤芯。所述钛合金滤芯后部设置激光防护板。该加工装置可在钛合金滤芯上加工出大深径比,直径小于40微米的通孔。一方面利用一定厚度的不锈钢薄片过滤光束周围微弱光线,使光束轮廓规则,提高加工孔质量,另一方面利用一定厚度的不锈钢薄片将加工光斑直径缩小一半以上,从而缩小加工孔的直径。通过扩束镜配合25mm聚焦透镜缩小光斑直径,可使光斑直径进一步缩小;设置激光防护系统可防止人员和物品被激光辐照。

Description

一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工工艺,它包括:纳秒激光器,不锈钢薄片,聚焦透镜,扩束镜,激光防护板。
背景技术
钛合金滤芯是以高纯钛合金为原料配合特殊工艺,经过高温烧结而成,适合各种介质的气液体过滤。钛合金滤芯过滤孔的大小和质量决定了滤芯的过滤能力和过滤效果。由于钛合金导热系数低、强度高等特点,传统的钛合金滤芯机械钻孔必须采用耐磨性和硬度高的高速钢或硬质合金钢,加工费用昂贵且最小尺寸仅为100μm。近年来脉冲激光的发展使得加工钛合金滤芯取得了新进展。利用脉冲激光瞬间能量大的特点,可使钛合金材料气化或融化,从而使材料去除,不存在刀具磨损、机械振动、刀具升温的问题。目前应用在加工100μm以下尺寸微孔的脉冲激光有纳秒激光、皮秒激光和飞秒激光。但是由于皮秒激光和飞秒激光功率相对纳秒激光相对小,尽管能加工出尺寸更小的孔,但皮秒和飞秒激光器价格动辄上百万,当前用于批量加工钛合金微孔性价比过低。纳秒激光由于相对技术成熟,其工业应用较前两者较为普及,但由于瞬时能量相对较小,很难在钛合金滤芯上加工出大深径比、50μm以下的微小孔,其加工工艺亟待改进与突破。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工工艺,以解决上述问题。
本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置,包括纳秒激光器1,和在纳秒激光器1的后的光路上依次设置的扩束镜2、聚焦透镜3、不锈钢薄片4、钛合金滤芯5。
所述钛合金滤芯5后部设置激光防护板6。
所述不锈钢薄片4的厚度位于100-200μm之间。
所述钛合金滤芯5待加工外表面垂直于纳秒激光器1发射的激光光束,并处于纳秒激光器1的焦点位置。
所述纳秒激光器1的激光在焦点处直径不大于100μm。
所述不锈钢薄片4位于钛合金滤芯5和聚焦透镜3之间,距离钛合金滤芯表面1mm以内。
所述纳秒激光器1输出功率能够使不锈钢薄片4在2秒内被纳秒激光烧蚀并穿透,重复频率≥50Hz。
所述激光防护板6位于钛合金滤芯5后,距离钛合金滤芯5的距离为300mm-500mm之间。
所述聚焦透镜3的焦距为25mm。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
该加工装置可在钛合金滤芯上加工出大深径比,直径小于40微米的通孔。一方面利用一定厚度的不锈钢薄片过滤光束周围微弱光线,使光束轮廓规则,提高加工孔质量,另一方面利用一定厚度的不锈钢薄片将加工光斑直径缩小一半以上,从而缩小加工孔的直径。通过扩束镜配合25mm聚焦透镜缩小光斑直径,可使光斑直径进一步缩小;设置激光防护系统可防止人员和物品被激光辐照。
附图说明
图1为钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳米激光加工工艺示意图。
图2为应用该加工装置加工的微小孔入口与出口扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1所示,本发明提供一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置,包括提供激光光源的纳秒激光器1,和在纳秒激光器1的后部光路上依次设置的扩束镜2、聚焦透镜3、不锈钢薄片4、钛合金滤芯5。为了人员安全,钛合金滤芯5后部设置激光防护板6,该防护板为不锈钢防护板,防止人员和物体被激光辐照。
其中,钛合金滤芯5待加工外表面垂直于纳秒激光器1发射的激光光束,并处于纳秒激光器1的焦点位置。
本发明在工作时,纳秒激光器1发出脉冲激光,经过扩束镜2将光束直径扩大后经过聚焦透镜3聚焦,通过设置在焦点前的不锈钢薄片4将光束直径缩小,仅光斑中心区域可击穿不锈钢薄片4在焦点处对钛合金滤芯5进行烧蚀。图2为应用该加工装置加工的微小孔入口与出口扫描电镜图。其中,钛合金滤芯壁厚500μm,孔径不大于35μm,深径比大于14。
本发明的加工装置可在钛合金滤芯上加工出大深径比、直径小于40微米的通孔。且能够利用一定厚度的不锈钢薄片过滤光束周围微弱光线,使光束轮廓规则,提高加工孔质量,还能够利用一定厚度的不锈钢薄片将加工光斑直径缩小一半以上,从而缩小加工孔的直径。通过扩束镜配合25mm聚焦透镜缩小光斑直径,可使光斑直径进一步缩小;设置激光防护系统可防止人员和物品被激光辐照。
本发明的加工装置的各设备参数可设置如下:
(1)不锈钢薄片4的厚度位于100-200μm之间。
(2)纳秒激光器1的激光在焦点处直径不大于100μm。
(3)不锈钢薄片4位于钛合金滤芯5和聚焦透镜3之间,距离钛合金滤芯5表面1mm以内。
(4)纳秒激光器1输出功率能够使不锈钢薄片4在2秒内被纳秒激光烧蚀并穿透,重复频率≥50Hz。
(5)激光防护板6位于钛合金滤芯5后,距离钛合金滤芯5的距离为300mm-500mm之间。
(6)聚焦透镜3的焦距为25mm。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明整体构思前提下,还可以作出若干改变和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置,其特征在于:包括纳秒激光器(1),和在纳秒激光器(1)的后的光路上依次设置的扩束镜(2)、聚焦透镜(3)、不锈钢薄片(4)、钛合金滤芯(5);
所述钛合金滤芯(5)待加工外表面垂直于纳秒激光器(1)发射的激光光束,并处于纳秒激光器(1)的焦点位置;
所述钛合金滤芯(5)后部设置激光防护板(6);
纳秒激光器(1)发出脉冲激光,经过扩束镜(2)将光束直径扩大后经过聚焦透镜(3)聚焦,通过设置在焦点前的不锈钢薄片(4)将光束直径缩小,仅光斑中心区域可击穿不锈钢薄片(4)在焦点处对钛合金滤芯(5)进行烧蚀;
所述不锈钢薄片(4)的厚度位于100-200μm之间;
所述纳秒激光器(1)的激光在焦点处直径不大于100μm;
所述不锈钢薄片(4)位于钛合金滤芯(5)和聚焦透镜(3)之间,距离钛合金滤芯(5)表面1mm以内;
所述激光防护板(6)位于钛合金滤芯(5)后,距离钛合金滤芯(5)的距离为300mm-500mm之间;
所述聚焦透镜(3)的焦距为25mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛合金滤芯大深径比通孔的纳秒激光加工装置,其特征在于:
所述纳秒激光器(1)输出功率能够使不锈钢薄片(4)在2秒内被纳秒激光烧蚀并穿透,重复频率≥50Hz。
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