CN108521613B - A kind of compressed domain video watermark insertion and extracting method based on moving target - Google Patents
A kind of compressed domain video watermark insertion and extracting method based on moving target Download PDFInfo
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- CN108521613B CN108521613B CN201810458733.8A CN201810458733A CN108521613B CN 108521613 B CN108521613 B CN 108521613B CN 201810458733 A CN201810458733 A CN 201810458733A CN 108521613 B CN108521613 B CN 108521613B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/835—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates
- H04N21/8358—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
- H04N19/467—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process characterised by the embedded information being invisible, e.g. watermarking
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compressed domain video watermark embedding method based on moving target, it is characterized in that, it include: that scrambling encryption is carried out to binary system watermark information, to obtain encrypted binary system watermark information, figure is marked using the moving target that the video object method for tracing based on compression domain obtains each frame image of video, corresponding moving target is obtained in each frame image according to the moving target label figure, and corresponding motion vector is obtained from the moving target in each frame image extracted, the modulus value of all motion vectors for the moving target in each frame image being calculated, and in all modulus value, more than or equal to the modulus value of a preset threshold, its corresponding motion vector carries out loop embedding water mark operation using obtained binary system watermark information, to obtain the video after insertion watermark.The technical issues of present invention is able to solve the existing video digital watermark embedding grammar based on compression domain after the video that will have watermark is recoded, and watermark will damage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of multi-media information safety, regard more particularly, to a kind of compression domain based on moving target
Frequency watermark insertion and extracting method.
Background technique
With the continuous development of modern society's network technology, Digital Media is increasingly easy to be replicated and illegal on network
It propagates, especially in recent years, along with the prevalence of " pirated video disc " film, copyright problem has been that major movie studio faces most
How main problem protects the copyright of Digital Media author and legitimate interests to have become Internet era letter to be solved
A great problem.Digital Video Watermarking Techniques are precisely in order to solving this problem and occurring.
In Digital Video Watermarking Techniques, the method that many video digital watermark insertions have been proposed at present is main
It is divided into the method based on compression domain and the method two major classes based on pixel domain.Wherein, the method based on compression domain is led at present
If telescopiny first swears the total movement in video using the video digital watermark embedding grammar based on motion vector
Amount extracts, and is then modified using watermark to the motion vector extracted.
However, the existing video digital watermark embedding grammar based on compression domain haves the defects that can not ignore, i.e. band
There is the video of watermark after recoding, watermark therein will damage.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of compression domains based on moving target
Video watermark insertion and extracting method exist it is intended that solving the existing video digital watermark embedding grammar based on compression domain
By the technical issues of after the video recodification for having watermark, watermark will be damaged.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of compression domain view based on moving target is provided
Frequency watermark embedding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) scrambling encryption is carried out to binary system watermark information, to obtain encrypted binary system watermark information；
(2) moving target that each frame image of video is obtained using the video object method for tracing based on compression domain is marked
Figure obtains corresponding moving target according to the moving target label figure in each frame image, and from each frame figure extracted
Corresponding motion vector is obtained in moving target as in；
(3) modulus value of all motion vectors of the moving target in each frame image that step (2) obtain is calculated, and is used
Binary system watermark information obtained in step (1) in all modulus value be greater than or equal to its corresponding fortune of the modulus value of a preset threshold
Dynamic vector carries out loop embedding water mark operation, to obtain the video after insertion watermark.
Preferably, scrambling encryption method is Arnold conversion method, Fibonacci transposition encryption algorithm, Hilbert curve
Transposition encryption algorithm, affine transformation Encryption Algorithm or Magic Square Transformation Encryption Algorithm etc.；Binary system watermark information be bianry image or
{ 0,1 } sequence, video object method for tracing are the video object method for tracing based on space-time Markov model.
Preferably, obtain corresponding motion vector from the moving target in each frame image extracted specifically,
Moving target marks the position coordinates that moving target is searched in figure, and according to the position coordinates of the moving target found right
Motion vector corresponding with the moving target is searched in the motion vector for the frame image answered.
Preferably, the value range of preset threshold is greater than 0, in the modulus value less than all motion vectors of moving target
Maximum value.
It preferably, the use of the process that binary system watermark information carries out insertion water mark operation to motion vector is transported by modification
The parity of motion vector residual error is realized in dynamic vector.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that a kind of compressed domain video watermark extracting method based on moving target is provided,
The following steps are included:
(1) video after insertion watermark is subjected to partial-decoding operation, to obtain motion vector and block coding mode letter
Breath；
(2) according to the motion vector and block coding mode obtained after partial decoding of h in step (1) and using based on compression domain
Video object method for tracing obtain the moving target label figure of each frame image, extract the moving target in the video, and from
Corresponding motion vector is obtained in the moving target in each frame image extracted；
(3) modulus value for calculating all motion vectors of the moving target in each frame image that step (2) obtain, to all
It is greater than or equal to its corresponding motion vector of the modulus value of a preset threshold in modulus value and extracts water mark operation, obtains binary system
Watermark cipher-text information.
(4) binary system watermark cipher-text information obtained in step (3) is carried out inverting random decryption, to obtain binary system watermark
Cleartext information.
Preferably, the process for extracting water mark operation to motion vector is according to motion vector residual error in motion vector
Parity is realized.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
(1) since the present invention is during watermark telescopiny, be it is from each frame image extracted, have it is good anti-
Obtain motion vector in the moving target of weight compression performance, thus motion vector obtained and watermark be provided with it is good anti-heavy
Compression performance；
(2) the flexible insertion of watermark capacity size may be implemented by way of threshold value is arranged in the present invention；
(3) the method for the present invention can further increase method by carrying out scrambling encryption processing to binary system watermark information
Safety；
(4) since motion vector residual error data is utilized in method of the invention, this method is widely portable to
MPEG-4, H.264, H.265 etc. in the video of formats；
(5) since the present invention can be realized loop embedding watermark, the attacks such as frame loss, frame replacement can be prevented, to mention
The present invention is risen for the robustness of frame attack；
It (6) is all at compression domain since the present invention extracts the motion vector of moving target and is embedded in watermark and extracts watermark
Reason, using partial-decoding operation, avoids video and decodes and reconstruct completely, the treatment effeciency of system can be improved in this way,
Convenient for applying in real time.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the binary system watermark information schematic diagram obtained by the method for the present invention the step of after (1) encryption；
The label figure of moving target obtained in the step of Fig. 2 is the method for the present invention (2)；
Fig. 3 show in the step of the method for the present invention (2) according to moving target mark figure in each frame image obtained in
Moving target；
Fig. 4 is shown in the step of the method for the present invention (2) obtained in the moving target in each frame image extracted
Motion vector；
Fig. 5 is that the weight contracting number-PSNR curve of the present invention and existing method compare；
Fig. 6 is that weight contracting number-watermark error rate curves of the present invention and existing method compare；
Fig. 7 is that weight contracting number-video SSIM curve of the present invention and existing method compare；
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the compressed domain video watermark embedding method the present invention is based on moving target；
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the compressed domain video watermark extracting method the present invention is based on moving target.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
As shown in figure 8, the present invention is based on the compressed domain video watermark embedding method of moving target the following steps are included:
(1) scrambling encryption is carried out to binary system watermark information, to obtain encrypted binary system watermark information (such as Fig. 1 institute
Show)；
Specifically, the scrambling encryption method used in this step can be Arnold conversion method, Fibonacci becomes
Change Encryption Algorithm, Hilbert curve transposition encryption algorithm, affine transformation Encryption Algorithm or Magic Square Transformation Encryption Algorithm etc.；This step
The binary system watermark information mentioned in rapid, can be bianry image, is also possible to { 0,1 } sequence.
(2) moving target that each frame image of video is obtained using the video object method for tracing based on compression domain is marked
Scheme (Fig. 2), obtains the corresponding moving target (wheel of grey in such as Fig. 3 in each frame image according to the moving target label figure
Profile area encompassed), and corresponding motion vector is obtained (as schemed from the moving target in each frame image extracted
Shown in 4)；Specifically, the video object method for tracing used in this step based on compression domain is based on space-time Markov
Video object method for tracing (the Video object tracking in the compressed domain using of model
Spatio-temporal Markov Random Fields)。
Corresponding motion vector is obtained from the moving target in each frame image extracted, is real in the following ways
Existing: the position coordinates of moving target are searched in the moving target label figure of Fig. 2, and according to the moving target found
Position coordinates search motion vector corresponding with the moving target in the motion vector of corresponding frame image.
(3) modulus value of all motion vectors of the moving target in each frame image that step (2) obtain is calculated, and is used
Binary system watermark information obtained in step (1) in all modulus value be greater than or equal to its corresponding fortune of the modulus value of a preset threshold
Dynamic vector carries out loop embedding water mark operation, to obtain the video after insertion watermark；
In the present embodiment, the value range of preset threshold is greater than 0, less than all motion vectors of moving target
Maximum value in modulus value.
Preset threshold is smaller, can be realized and is completely embedded in binary system watermark information in video, but can be to video quality
It affects greatly；If preset threshold is bigger, the influence to video quality is smaller, but preset threshold is excessive, will lead to
Binary system watermark information can not be completely embedded among video.Preferably, the value of preset threshold should be close to moving target
Maximum value in the modulus value of all motion vectors.
In this step, insertion water mark operation is carried out to motion vector using binary system watermark information obtained in step (1)
Process be to be realized by the parity of motion vector residual error in modification motion vector, i.e., if in binary system watermark information
A certain position be 0, then by the corresponding motion vector residual error of this (Motion vector difference, abbreviation MVD) modify
The corresponding MVD of this is revised as odd number if a certain position in binary system watermark information is 1 for even number.It should be understood that
It is to be also possible to: if a certain position in binary system watermark information is 1, by the corresponding motion vector residual error (Motion of this
Vector difference, abbreviation MVD) it is revised as even number, it is if a certain position in binary system watermark information is 0, this is right
The MVD answered is revised as odd number.
As shown in figure 9, the present invention is based on the compressed domain video watermark extracting method of moving target the following steps are included:
(1) video after insertion watermark is subjected to partial-decoding operation, to obtain motion vector and block coding mode letter
Breath；
Specifically, coding/decoding method used in this step is corresponding with the type of video, if video is H.264 lattice
Formula, then corresponding coding/decoding method is exactly H.264 coding/decoding method.
(2) according to the motion vector and block coding mode obtained after partial decoding of h in step (1) and using based on compression domain
Video object method for tracing obtain the moving target label figure of each frame image, extract the moving target in the video, and from
Corresponding motion vector is obtained in the moving target in each frame image extracted；
Specifically, video object method for tracing and above-mentioned watermark telescopiny used in this step based on compression domain
The process of middle step (2) is identical.
The specific mistake of corresponding motion vector is obtained in this step from the moving target in each frame image extracted
Journey is identical with the process of step (2) in above-mentioned watermark telescopiny, and details are not described herein.
(3) modulus value of all motion vectors of the moving target in each frame image that step (2) obtain is calculated, and to institute
Have in modulus value be greater than or equal to its corresponding motion vector of the modulus value of a preset threshold extract water mark operation, with obtain two into
Watermark cipher-text information processed.
It is according to motion vector residual error in motion vector to the process that motion vector extracts water mark operation in this step
Parity realize, process with process of insertion watermark in (3) the step of above-mentioned telescopiny be it is corresponding, i.e., such as
Fruit motion vector residual error MVD is even number, then 0 is set by position corresponding with the MVD in binary system watermark information, if MVD is
Odd number then sets 1 for position corresponding with the MVD in binary system watermark information；If being also possible to motion vector residual error MVD
For even number, then 1 is set by position corresponding with the MVD in binary system watermark information, if MVD is odd number, by binary system water
Position corresponding with the MVD is set as 0 in official seal breath.
(4) binary system watermark cipher-text information obtained in step (3) is carried out inverting random decryption, to obtain binary system watermark
Cleartext information；
It is the scrambling encryption side with step (1) in above-mentioned insertion watermarking process that random decryption method is inverted used in this step
The corresponding algorithm for inversion of method.
Experimental result and analysis
One, the binary system watermark information performance obtained after watermark extraction process:
(1) Y-PSNR (Peak noise signal ratio, abbreviation PNSR)
Fig. 5 is by taking table tennis video sequence as an example, by recording the binary system watermark information extracted after each weight contracting
PSNR value (Y-PSNR) come that comparison is of the invention and existing method contracts after video is embedded in watermark by multiple weight extracts
The damaged condition for the watermark arrived, from fig. 5, it can be seen that being respectively embedded into watermark with the present invention and existing method and by repeatedly pressure
Contracting, the speed that the watermark quality extracted is damaged in multiple compression process have very big difference, with present invention insertion watermark
Video watermark damage in multiple compression process is slower, can satisfy the protection of watermark quality.
(2) error rate ((Error Rate, abbreviation ER)
Fig. 6 is to be mentioned in compression process each time by taking table tennis video sequence as an example by the video of record insertion watermark
The error rate of the watermark obtained carrys out the comparison robustness of the invention with existing method water mark method, from fig. 6, it can be seen that with this
Invention and after existing method is respectively embedded into watermark, by repeatedly compressing, watermark error rate difference that two methods extract compared with
Greatly, the watermark being embedded in the method for the present invention is after repeatedly compressing, and the variation speed and amplitude of variation of error rate are all than existing
Method will be got well.
Two, it is embedded in the video quality performance after watermark:
(1)PNSR
Table 1
Upper table 1 is selecting video Stefan (Stefan), bus (bus), table tennis (tennis) the 1st, 10,20 frames point
Not Shi Yong the present invention and existing method insertion watermark rear video Y-PSNR contrast table, it can be seen from comparing result
It is embedded in the method for the present invention smaller than existing method to the change of video quality after watermark, therefore the present invention can more preferably meet reality
The demand of border application.
(2) structural similarity (structural similarity index, abbreviation SSIM)
Fig. 7 is to be compared by taking table tennis video sequence as an example by recording the SSIM value of video frame in compression process each time
Compared with the method for the present invention and existing method through excessive second compression picture damaged condition after video is embedded in watermark.From figure 7 it can be seen that
After being respectively embedded into watermark with the method for the present invention and existing method, the speed that video quality damages in weight compression process has larger
Difference, with the method for the present invention insertion watermark video in multiple compression process video quality damage it is slower, can satisfy
The protection of video quality.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of compressed domain video watermark embedding method based on moving target, which comprises the following steps:
(1) scrambling encryption, to obtain encrypted binary system watermark information, wherein binary system water are carried out to binary system watermark information
Official seal breath is bianry image；
(2) moving target that each frame image of video is obtained using the video object method for tracing based on compression domain marks figure,
Corresponding moving target is obtained in each frame image according to the moving target label figure, and from each frame image extracted
Moving target in obtain corresponding motion vector；
(3) modulus value of all motion vectors of the moving target in each frame image that step (2) obtain is calculated, and uses step
(1) binary system watermark information obtained in in all modulus value, more than or equal to the modulus value of a preset threshold, swear by its corresponding movement
Amount carries out loop embedding water mark operation, and to obtain the video after insertion watermark, wherein the value of preset threshold should be close to movement
Maximum value in the modulus value of all motion vectors of target.
2. compressed domain video watermark embedding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that scrambling encryption method is
Arnold conversion method, Fibonacci transposition encryption algorithm, Hilbert curve transposition encryption algorithm, affine transformation encryption are calculated
Method or Magic Square Transformation Encryption Algorithm；Video object method for tracing is the video object tracking side based on space-time Markov model
Method.
3. compressed domain video watermark embedding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that from each frame figure extracted
Corresponding motion vector is obtained in moving target as in specifically, searching the position of moving target in moving target label figure
Coordinate, and searched in the motion vector of corresponding frame image and the movement according to the position coordinates of the moving target found
The corresponding motion vector of target.
4. compressed domain video watermark embedding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use binary system watermark information
It is the parity by motion vector residual error in modification motion vector come real to the process that motion vector carries out insertion water mark operation
Existing.
5. a kind of compressed domain video watermark extracting method based on moving target, which comprises the following steps:
(1) video after insertion watermark is subjected to partial-decoding operation, to obtain motion vector and block coding pattern information；
(2) according to the motion vector and block coding mode and view of the use based on compression domain obtained after partial decoding of h in step (1)
Frequency target tracking method obtains the moving target label figure of each frame image, extracts the moving target in the video, and from extraction
To each frame image in moving target in obtain corresponding motion vector；
(3) modulus value of all motion vectors of the moving target in each frame image that step (2) obtain is calculated, and to all moulds
It is greater than or equal to its corresponding motion vector of the modulus value of a preset threshold in value and extracts water mark operation, obtains binary system water
Cipher-text information is printed, wherein the value of preset threshold should be close to the maximum value in the modulus value of all motion vectors of moving target；
(4) binary system watermark cipher-text information obtained in step (3) is carried out inverting random decryption, to obtain binary system watermark in plain text
Information.
6. compressed domain video watermark extracting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that extracted to motion vector
The process of water mark operation is realized according to the parity of motion vector residual error in motion vector.
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| CN111182365B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-10-27 | 中南民族大学 | Compressed domain video watermark embedding and extracting method based on visual sensitive block |
| CN115358911B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-31 | 北京万里红科技有限公司 | Screen watermark generation method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
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