CN108521290A - Power distribution method in a kind of wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation - Google Patents

Power distribution method in a kind of wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation Download PDF

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CN108521290A
CN108521290A CN201810116270.7A CN201810116270A CN108521290A CN 108521290 A CN108521290 A CN 108521290A CN 201810116270 A CN201810116270 A CN 201810116270A CN 108521290 A CN108521290 A CN 108521290A
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partition coefficient
source
approximate expression
signal
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CN108521290B (en
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潘青
虞湘宾
王丞
胡亚平
储君雅
李�赫
黎宁
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/026—Co-operative diversity, e.g. using fixed or mobile stations as relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0426—Power distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/42—TPC being performed in particular situations in systems with time, space, frequency or polarisation diversity

Abstract

Power distribution method in the present invention provides a kind of wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation.For collaboration space modulating system the theoretical expression of system bit error rate and progressive approximate expression are given using the probability density function and Moment generating fuction of effective signal-to-noise ratio.According to progressive approximate expression, to minimize bit error rate as optimization aim, it is proposed that suboptimum power allocation scheme.Through simulating, verifying, power distribution method proposed by the invention can effectively reduce system bit error rate compared to constant power allocation plan, improve system performance.

Description

Power distribution method in a kind of wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation
Technical field：
The invention belongs to mobile communication fields, are related to the resource allocation methods of mobile communication system, more particularly, to one kind Power distribution method in wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation.
Background technology：
Research hotspot one of of the collaboration communication as wireless communication field in recent years is used using other in cordless communication network Transmission of the antenna at family as relay node cooperation signal solves traditional multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO, Multi-Input Multi-output the problem of) mobile terminal can not place multiple antennas due to volume and power limit in system is improving frequency spectrum While utilization rate, great amount of cost caused by relatively low base station.According to the processing side of the relay node docking collection of letters number The difference of formula can be divided into different collaboration protocols.Amplification forwarding (AF, Amplify-and-Forward) collaboration protocols are compared It is easily achieved in other agreements are relatively simple, is therefore widely used in cooperative system.Its basic thought is that relay node is straight Purpose will be forwarded to again after the signal received amplification by connecing.Spatial modulation (SM, Spatial Modulation) technology passes through Each time slot only activates antenna to send symbol, and single-link transmitting-receiving design may be implemented, effectively overcome interchannel interference and Stationary problem；Simultaneously using transmitting antenna serial number and transmission information bit mapping one by one, be antenna serial number " stealth " transmit Information, rate is high, and capacity is big.SM technologies are combined with collaboration communication, on the one hand can embody the advantage of SM technologies, effectively The drawback in cooperation communication system is avoided, on the other hand can also utilize collaboration relay node that source node is helped to transmit information, body The advantage of existing collaboration communication.
In cooperation communication system, the watt level that source node and relay node are distributed can generate centainly system performance Influence, therefore systematicness can effectively improve using rational power allocation scheme according to intermediate position and path loss Energy.Document 1 (J.Luo, R.S.Blum, L J Cimini, L.J.Greenstein.Decode-and-forward cooperative diversity with power allocation in wireless networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2007,6(3):793-799.) propose a kind of suboptimum power Distribution method realizes the minimum of cooperation DF system break probability by power control.(the C.L.Wang and of document 2 J.Y.Chen.Power allocation and relay selection for AF cooperative relay systems with imperfect channel estimation.IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2016,65(9):AF multi-relay cooperation systems 7809-7813.) being directed under incomplete channel state information, Pass through maximum capacity, it is proposed that a kind of optimal enclosed power allocation plan.Document 3 (Miaowen Wen, Xiang Cheng, H.Vincent Poor and Bingli Jiao.Use of SSK modulation in two-way amplify-and- forward relaying.IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2014,63(4):1498- 1504) it is that sky is moved keying (SSK, Space Shift Keying) technology to be introduced into double relay cooperative systems, gives order and miss The power partition coefficient that bit rate minimizes.Document above be all based on cooperation communication system or cooperation it is empty move keyed system into Capable power allocation scheme research, and most of collaboration space modulating system is all distributed using constant power at present.Therefore, it is The adaptive tracking control of lifting system performance, research collaboration space modulating system is very important.
Invention content：
To promote the performance of collaboration space modulating system, the present invention is based on bit error rate theoretical expressions, it is proposed that a kind of Power distribution method in wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention has：Power distribution in a kind of wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation Method includes the following steps：
(1) physical model of collaboration space modulating system is provided first, and the system is by containing NtThe source node of root transmission antenna, Relay node containing single antenna and contain NrThe destination node of root reception antenna is constituted, the basic thought based on spatial modulation, Source node each time slot only activate an antenna send it is modulated after signal, the bit number of each slot transmission is log2 (NtM), wherein log2NtBit is for determining the transmission antenna serial number being activated, log2M-bit is used for the constellation symbol of M-QAM Modulation；
(2) message transmitting procedure of the cooperative system is divided into two stages, and in the stage one, source node passes through the hair that is activated Modulated constellation symbol is sent to relay node and destination node by antennas, and in the stage two, relay node will connect in the stage one The signal received amplifies and is forwarded to destination node；
(3) assume that destination node can get complete channel status information, the signal sent based on the source node received with And the signal that relay node is sent, destination node demodulate the transmission antenna sequence being activated simultaneously using maximum likelihood algorithm Number and constellation modulation symbol；
(4) purpose link effective signal-to-noise ratio to relaying, source to purpose and is relayed to according to source under rayleigh fading channel Probability density function (PDF) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF), obtain Moment generating fuction (MGF), thus obtain system bit error rate PeFor
Pe≈Pa+Pd-PaPd
Wherein PaThe detection error probability of transmission antenna serial number, P when to assume that constellation symbol detects correctdTo assume to send The detection error probability of constellation symbol when antenna serial number detects correct；
(5) approximate expressions of the CDF under high s/n ratio is utilized, obtains the approximate expression of MGF, and then obtain PeGradually Into approximate expression；
(6) P for utilizing step (5) to obtainePower partition coefficient r of the approximate expression about source node1Derivation, according to this Derivative obtains so that PeThe power partition coefficient of approximation minimum.
Further, work as NrWhen=1, according to PePower partition coefficient r of the approximate expression about source node1Derivative, It is obtained using gradient descent method so that PeThe suboptimum power partition coefficient of approximation minimum；Work as NrWhen >=2, P is enabledeApproximate expression Formula is 0 about the derivative of the power partition coefficient r1 of source node, solves the equation and obtains the closed solutions of suboptimum power partition coefficient.
The present invention has the advantages that：The present invention provides the performance analysis schemes of collaboration space modulating system, give Bit error rate theoretical expression is gone out, and suboptimum power allocation scheme is obtained according to theoretical expression.The allocation plan compared to Constant power allocation plan can effectively improve system performance, and computation complexity is low.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on power distribution method block diagrams in the wireless relay collaborative network of spatial modulation.
Fig. 2 is collaboration space modulating system functional block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is P of the collaboration space modulating system of the embodiment of the present invention under different modulating moded。
Fig. 4 is P of the collaboration space modulating system of the embodiment of the present invention under different modulating modea。
Fig. 5 is P of the collaboration space modulating system of the embodiment of the present invention under different modulating modee。
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the present invention power allocation scheme and constant power allocation plan in NrP when=1eComparison diagram.
Fig. 7 be the embodiment of the present invention power allocation scheme and constant power allocation plan in NrP when=2eComparison diagram.
Specific implementation mode：
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
The present invention is based on power distribution methods in the wireless relay collaborative network of spatial modulation, include the following steps：
(1) physical model of collaboration space modulating system is provided first, and the system is by containing NtThe source node of root transmission antenna, Relay node containing single antenna and contain NrThe destination node of root reception antenna is constituted, the basic thought based on spatial modulation, Source node each time slot only activate an antenna send it is modulated after signal, the bit number of each slot transmission is log2 (NtM), wherein log2NtBit is for determining the transmission antenna serial number being activated, log2M-bit is used for the constellation symbol of M-QAM Modulation；
(2) message transmitting procedure of the cooperative system is divided into two stages, and in the stage one, source node passes through the hair that is activated Modulated constellation symbol is sent to relay node and destination node by antennas, and in the stage two, relay node will connect in the stage one The signal received amplifies and is forwarded to destination node；
(3) assume that destination node can get complete channel status information, the signal sent based on the source node received with And the signal that relay node is sent, destination node demodulate the transmission antenna sequence being activated simultaneously using maximum likelihood algorithm Number and constellation modulation symbol；
(4) purpose link effective signal-to-noise ratio to relaying, source to purpose and is relayed to according to source under rayleigh fading channel Probability density function (PDF) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF), obtain Moment generating fuction (MGF), thus obtain system bit error rate PeFor
Pe≈Pa+Pd-PaPd
Wherein PaThe detection error probability of transmission antenna serial number, P when to assume that constellation symbol detects correctdTo assume to send The detection error probability of constellation symbol when antenna serial number detects correct；
(5) approximate expressions of the CDF under high s/n ratio is utilized, obtains the approximate expression of MGF, and then obtain PeGradually Into approximate expression；
(6) P for utilizing step (5) to obtainePower partition coefficient r of the approximate expression about source node1Derivation, according to this Derivative obtains so that PeThe power partition coefficient of approximation minimum.
Work as NrWhen=1, according to PePower partition coefficient r of the approximate expression about source node1Derivative, utilize gradient Descent method obtains so that PeThe suboptimum power partition coefficient of approximation minimum；Work as NrWhen >=2, P is enabledeApproximate expression about source The derivative of the power partition coefficient r1 of node is 0, solves the equation and obtains the closed solutions of suboptimum power partition coefficient.
The present invention relates to collaboration space modulating system model as shown in Fig. 2, the system by containing NtRoot transmission antenna Source node, relay node containing single antenna and contains NrThe destination node of root reception antenna is constituted, and relay node is assisted using AF View.Source node only activates an antenna to send signal in each time slot, remaining antenna does not send signal.Each slot transmission it is total Bit number is log2(NtM), wherein log2NtBit is for determining transmission antenna serial number i, the i ∈ [1, N being activatedt], log2M ratios Constellation symbol of the spy for M-QAM is modulated, then sends symbolic vector and be represented by xiq=[00 ... xq…0]T, wherein xqFor xjq's I-th of element indicates q-th of symbol in planisphere.The signals transmission of the cooperative system is divided into two stages, in the first rank Section, source node send a signal to relaying and purpose, and the signal that relaying and purpose receive is expressed as
In second stage, according to AF agreements, relay node to being forwarded to mesh again after the signal amplification that the stage one receives 's.The signal that purpose receives in the stage two is expressed as
yrd=hrd(Aysr)+nrd (3)
Wherein hsr,HsdAnd hrdRespectively source is divided to relaying, source to purpose and the channel matrix for being relayed to purpose, element Not Fu Cong mean value be 0, variance isWithMultiple Gauss distribution.Variance δ2=d-α, d is the distance between two nodes, α For channel fading coefficient.nsr, nsdAnd nrdIt is 0 for mean value, variance N0Multiple Gauss noise.A is amplification coefficient,PsAnd PrThe respectively transmission power in source and relaying, Ps+Pr=Pt, PtIt is average for total emission power Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is expressed asThe y after normalizationrdIt is represented by
Wherein
Destination node is after the signal that the source that receives and relaying are sent, according to maximum likelihood method to transmission antenna serial number and star Seat symbol carries out joint demodulation, and demodulating algorithm is expressed as
Wherein,WithThe estimated value of antenna serial number and constellation symbol is indicated respectively.
1) computational methods of the present invention for the average error bit rate of collaboration space modulating system
Utilize PaThe detection error probability of transmission antenna serial number, P when to assume that constellation symbol detects correctdTo assume to send The detection error probability of constellation symbol when antenna serial number detects correct, then the average error bit rate P of the systemeIt is expressed as
Pe≈Pa+Pd-PaPd (6)
1.1) constellation symbol detection error probability Pd
Assuming that the detection of transmission antenna serial number is correct, constellation symbol detection error probability P when using MQAM modulation systemsdTable It is shown as
Wherein BER (γ) is the bit error rate expression formula of MQAM under Gaussian channel
Wherein erfc () complementary error function, { αl,βl, π (M) } and it is parameter related with specific modulation system.
According to (2) and (4), effective output signal-to-noise ratio of purpose is expressed as
Wherein γsrd=γsrγrd/(γrd+ C), Under rayleigh fading channel, γsd, γrdPDF and γsrCDF can be expressed as
WhereinWith
According to (10), γ can be obtainedsdMGF
WhereinIndicate Laplace transform.According to (11) and (12), γ can be obtainedsrdCDF
Wherein Kv() is the Bessel function of the second kind of v ranks.Then γsrdMGF be expressed as
WhereinWλ,μ(z) it is Whitakker functions.
(8) and (9) are substituted into (7), can be obtained
Wherein φu=cos ((2u-1) π/(2Np)), NpFor the exponent number of Chebyshev polynomials expansion.
(13) and (15) are substituted into (16), then P can be obtaineddExpression formula
WhereinIn order to illustrate the technique effect of the present invention compared with the existing technology, this reality It applies in example and is emulated by MATLAB platform simulations.Fig. 3 gives the P of 4QAM, 16QAM and 64QAM in Nr=2 and Nr=4dIt is imitative True value and theoretical value.As can be seen from the figure theoretical value and simulation value coincide, and illustrate derived PdTheoretical expression is effective 's.
1.2) the detection error probability P of transmission antenna serial numbera
Assuming that constellation symbol detection is correct, then the detection error probability P of transmission antenna serial numberaCan be approximately a upper bound public affairs Formula
WhereinFor antenna serial number estimated valueThe bit number differed between actual value i,For at To error probability (PEP, pairwise error probability).According to joint demodulation algorithm, PEP is represented by
WhereinWithRespectively source can be distinguished to purpose, source to the effective signal-to-noise ratio for relaying and being relayed to purpose It is expressed as This makes it possible to obtainWithPDF andCDF
According toPDF and Laplace transform,MGF be represented by
To deriveMGF, obtain firstCDF
ThenMGF be represented by
Wherein
(23) and (25) are substituted into (19), then (19) are substituted into (18), then PaIt is represented by
WhereinFig. 4 be collaboration space modulating system in 4QAM, 16QAM and Reception antenna number N under 64QAM modulation systemsr=2 and NrP when=4aSimulation value and theoretical value, simulation value and theoretical value in figure It can preferably coincide, illustrate derived PaTheoretical expression be correct.
(17) and (26) are substituted into Pe≈Pa+Pd-PaPdIn, system average error bit rate P can be obtainedeExpression formula.Fig. 5 gives Go out collaboration space modulating system reception antenna number N under 4QAM, 16QAM and 64QAM modulation systemr=2 and NrP when=4e Simulation value and theoretical value.Theoretical curve and simulation curve all coincide under different modulating mode in figure, illustrate PeTheoretical expression is Effectively.
2) the present invention is based on the power distribution methods that the approximate expression of average error bit rate proposes.
2.1) approximate expression of average error bit rate
According to the approximate closed expression of Bessel function
Wherein ψ () is double gamma functions.Above formula is substituted into (14), then γ can be obtainedsrdThe approximate expression of CDF
This makes it possible to obtain the approximate expressions of MGF
(29) are substituted into (16) formula, P can be obtaineddApproximate expression
P similarly can be obtainedaApproximate expression
Work as NrWhen=1, in average signal-to-noise ratio SNR higher, the P of (30)a(31) PdCan be approximately further
Due to the P in (6) formulaaAnd PdProduct term compared to Pa, PdValue it is too small negligible, PeIt is represented by Pe≈ Pa+Pd.According to (32) and (33) formula, then P can be obtainedeApproximate expression
Work as Nr>=2, the P of (30)a(31) PdCan be approximately further
Thus PeCan be approximately
2.2) suboptimum power allocation scheme
Enable Ps=r1Pt, Pr=r2Pt, r1And r2The respectively power partition coefficient in source and relaying, meets r1+r2=1, r1,r2 ∈ [0,1], works as NrWhen=1, PeApproximate expression (34) be represented by
WhereinTo the formula about r1 Derivation
It can be seen that from the derivative and work as r1≤ 0.5 orWhen, Υ (r1) ＜ 0, then PeIt is dull in the section Subtract.Thus illustrate PeMinimum value existIn section.According to (39), can obtain enabling P using gradient descent methodeMost Small r1Value
WhereinDistinguish kth+1 time and the r of kth time iteration1Value, iterative initial value are 0.5+ ε, and ε is a very little Value, τ is iteration step length.According to r2=1-r1R can be calculated2, this makes it possible to obtain NrSuboptimum power coefficient when=1.Attached drawing 6 is given N is gone outrUsing the P of different capacity allocation plan when=1e, wherein optimal power allocation scheme coefficient is using in MATLAB The P that fminbnd function minimizations are made of (17), (26) and (6)eExact expression obtains.It can be seen from the figure that different work( P under rate allocation planeApproximation is coincide under high s/n ratio with simulation value, it was demonstrated that (34) are correct when approximate expression 's.With constant power allocation plan (r1=r2=0.5) it compares, suboptimum power allocation scheme and optimal power allocation scheme can be effective Raising system performance of BER.And suboptimum power allocation scheme can get and optimal power allocation scheme almost consistent property Can, but complexity is relatively low.Thus illustrate by the validity of (40) obtained suboptimum power allocation scheme.
Work as NrWhen >=2, PeApproximate expression (37) be represented by
Wherein To the formula about r1It asks primary lead to be led with secondary respectively, then can be obtained
It can be seen thatAnd Υ ' (r1) ＞ 0, thus illustrate PeIn r1∈ [0,1] range Inside there is unique minimum.Enable Υ (r1)=0, can be obtained quadratic equation with one unknown
Above-mentioned equation is solved, then suboptimum power partition coefficient can be obtained
(45) and (46) are NrThe closed expression of suboptimum power partition coefficient when >=2.Attached drawing 7 is NrDifferent capacity when=2 P under allocation planeSimulation value, theoretical value and approximation, PeApproximation reaches unanimity under high s/n ratio with simulation value, explanation Given PeApproximate expression (37) is correct.Compared with constant power allocation plan, suboptimum power allocation scheme and optimal Power allocation scheme can effectively improve system performance of BER, and suboptimum power allocation scheme and optimal power allocation scheme Can be close, but the former provides the closed solutions of power partition coefficient, and computation complexity is low.
In conclusion the power distribution method proposed by the invention performance compared with constant power allocation plan is more excellent, and can Acquisition and performance gain similar in optimal power allocation scheme, but complexity is relatively low.This has absolutely proved proposed by the present invention one The validity of power distribution method in wireless relay collaborative network of the kind based on spatial modulation.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, the present invention Claimed range is delineated by the appended claims, the specification and equivalents thereof from the appended claims.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art It for member, can also make several improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvement also should be regarded as the present invention's Protection domain.

Claims (2)

1. power distribution method in a kind of wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation, it is characterised in that：Including walking as follows Suddenly：
(1) physical model of collaboration space modulating system is provided first, and the system is by containing NtThe source node of root transmission antenna, containing single The relay node of root antenna and contain NrThe destination node of root reception antenna is constituted, the basic thought based on spatial modulation, source section Point each time slot only activate an antenna send it is modulated after signal, the bit number of each slot transmission is log2(NtM), Wherein log2NtBit is for determining the transmission antenna serial number being activated, log2Constellation symbol of the M-bit for M-QAM is modulated；
(2) message transmitting procedure of the cooperative system is divided into two stages, and in the stage one, source node passes through the transmission day that is activated Modulated constellation symbol is sent to relay node and destination node by line, and in the stage two, relay node will receive in the stage one Signal amplify and be forwarded to destination node；
(3) assume that destination node can get complete channel status information, the signal that is sent based on the source node received and in After the signal that node is sent, destination node demodulated simultaneously using maximum likelihood algorithm the transmission antenna serial number that is activated and Constellation modulation symbol；
(4) according to source under rayleigh fading channel to relaying, source to purpose and the probability for being relayed to purpose link effective signal-to-noise ratio Density function (PDF) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF), obtain Moment generating fuction (MGF), thus obtain system bit error rate PeFor
Pe≈Pa+Pd-PaPd
Wherein PaThe detection error probability of transmission antenna serial number, P when to assume that constellation symbol detects correctdTo assume transmission antenna The detection error probability of constellation symbol when serial number detects correct；
(5) approximate expressions of the CDF under high s/n ratio is utilized, obtains the approximate expression of MGF, and then obtain PeProgressive near vision Like expression formula；
(6) P for utilizing step (5) to obtainePower partition coefficient r of the approximate expression about source node1Derivation, according to this derivative It obtains so that PeThe power partition coefficient of approximation minimum.
2. power distribution method in the wireless relay collaborative network based on spatial modulation, feature exist as described in claim 1 In：Work as NrWhen=1, according to PePower partition coefficient r of the approximate expression about source node1Derivative, utilize gradient descent method It obtains so that PeThe suboptimum power partition coefficient of approximation minimum；Work as NrWhen >=2, P is enabledeApproximate expression about source node The derivative of power partition coefficient r1 is 0, solves the equation and obtains the closed solutions of suboptimum power partition coefficient.
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