CN108520271B - Submarine geomorphy type sorter design method based on factorial analysis - Google Patents
Submarine geomorphy type sorter design method based on factorial analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The submarine geomorphy type sorter design method based on factorial analysis that the invention discloses a kind of.Include the following steps: 1) to calculate depth distribution feature, including the degree of bias, kurtosis, seabed depth standard deviation, seabed depth Difference Entropy, seabed roughness and the seabed depth coefficient of variation according to seabed depth measurement data；2) using depth distribution feature as original variable, application factor analysis method extracts geomorphologic factor；3) according to geomorphologic factor, geomorphic type classifier is designed using support vector machines；4) the depth distribution characteristic value and geomorphologic factor for calculating landforms to be identified identify geomorphic type using the classifier of design.The present invention has many advantages, such as that method is simple, calculation amount is small, recognition accuracy is high, saves manpower.The present invention is suitable for submarine geomorphy type identification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields such as marine charting, ocean engineering, Marine oil and gas resource, and in particular to one kind based on because
The submarine geomorphy type sorter design method of son analysis.
Background technique
Landforms are the general names of the various rolling shapes of earth surface.The type of seafloor topography include ancient stream channel, scour trough,
Submarine canyon, deep water water channel, seamount, carbonate platform, cliff, landslide etc..Geomorphological Classification is submarine geomorphy research and drawing
Basis, landform shape can reflect the inner link of morphogenesis type and origin cause of formation control form, be to carry out the digging of deep layer Geo knowledge
The key of pick.
Multibeam sounding system can detect wide covering, high-resolution seafloor topography fine-feature.The system uses
Strip-type measurement, can measure the water depth value of dozens or even hundreds of seabed measured points in the plane vertical with course-and-bearing simultaneously,
Or all standing depth of water band of an one fixed width, it can accurately and quickly measure the submarine target in the one fixed width of course line
Size, shape and height change.
Landforms parameter is the number description to landforms, for characterizing the spatial distribution characteristic of landforms.There are many landforms parameter, no
It is understood with subject and field and is classified also different.Landforms parameter can be divided into micro-parameter and macroparameter two major classes.It is micro-
See that parameter is described and reflection be specific location geomorphic feature.Common micro-parameter mainly has: the gradient, slope aspect, length of grade,
Planar curvature, profile curvature etc..Macroparameter is described and reflection is geomorphic feature in large area.Common macroscopic view ginseng
Number mainly has: landform depth standards are poor, terrain variance entropy, terrain roughness, the elevation coefficient of variation etc..
Seafloor topography is more complicated, currently, a large amount of geomorphic type analysis limited to the understanding of submarine geomorphy type
It relies primarily on and is accomplished manually, by the observation and experience of technical staff come Division identification.This method can make full use of technology
The knowledge of personnel, flexibility is good, but technical staff is needed to have Geo knowledge abundant and observation judgement experience, has very big
The disadvantages of subjectivity, there are poor in timeliness, large labor intensity.Especially because seafloor data has magnanimity rank, rely solely on
The artificial ability of technical staff can not much undertake the processing task of mass data.
Summary of the invention
The space structure feature of present invention application landform depth distribution characteristic present landforms, application factor analysis method are extracted
The geomorphologic factor for reflecting geomorphic type establishes geomorphic type classifier using support vector machines, realizes geomorphic type identification.Have
Method is simple, calculation amount is small, recognition accuracy is high, saves the advantages that manpower.Suitable for submarine geomorphy type identification.
The present invention includes the following steps:
(1) seabed depth distribution characteristics calculates:
Basis respectively Calculate the seabed depth standard deviation m in region to be identified1, the degree of bias
m2, kurtosis m3, Difference Entropy m4, roughness m5, coefficient of variation m6, wherein ziIt is to be identified
Seabed depth value in region at ith measurement point,For seabed depth average value, i=1,2,3 ... ..., n, n is
Points are measured in region to be identified；
(2) geomorphologic factor extracts:
Original variable is m1、m2、m3、m4、m5And m6, standard landforms are Al, application factor analysis method extraction original variable
Common factor fr, the variance contribution ratio of each common factor is λrIf meetingThen fsFor geomorphologic factor, wherein l=
1,2,3 ... ..., k, r=1,2,3 ... ..., t, s=1,2 ... ..., j, k are geomorphic type number, are determined according to training data, t is
Common factor number, fs、λr, t according to factorial analysis determine, θ is threshold value, set in program parameter, j be geomorphologic factor number；
(3) geomorphic type classifier design:
According to geomorphologic factor fs, landforms type sorter is determined using support vector machines；
(4) geomorphic type identifies:
Calculate the depth distribution characteristic value m of landforms to be identified1、m2、m3、m4、m5And m6, extract geomorphologic factor fs, according to step
Suddenly the classifier that (3) obtain determines the type of landforms to be identified.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 (a) to Fig. 1 (e) is respectively the landform of submarine plateau, coombe, landslide, protuberance, water channel this 5 kinds of geomorphic types
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that the depth coefficient of variation of 5 kinds of landforms and depth difference entropy cross figure；
Fig. 3 is that the depth coefficient of variation of 5 kinds of landforms and terrain roughness cross figure；
Fig. 4 is that the depth difference entropy of 5 kinds of landforms and depth standards difference cross figure；
Fig. 5 is that the terrain roughness of 5 kinds of landforms and depth standards difference cross figure；
Fig. 6 is that the depth coefficient of variation of 5 kinds of landforms and depth standards difference cross figure；
Fig. 7 is that the depth standards difference of 5 kinds of landforms and kurtosis cross figure；
Fig. 8 is the variance contribution ratio figure of the common factor of 5 kinds of geomorphic type seabed depth distribution characteristics；
Fig. 9 is the cumulative proportion in ANOVA figure of the common factor of 5 kinds of geomorphic type seabed depth distribution characteristics；
Figure 10 is the classifier of 5 kinds of landforms of design；
Figure 11 is the identification result of geomorphic type in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present embodiment calculates landform depth distribution feature, including seabed depth standard according to multi-beam sounding survey data
Difference, the degree of bias, kurtosis, Difference Entropy, roughness and the coefficient of variation extract geomorphologic factor, determine geomorphic type using support vector machines
Classifier realizes the identification of submarine plateau, coombe, landslide, protuberance, water channel this 5 kinds of geomorphic types.
Specific identification step is as follows:
(1) seabed depth distribution characteristics calculates:
Basis respectively Calculate the seabed depth standard deviation m in region to be identified1, the degree of bias
m2, kurtosis m3, Difference Entropy m4, roughness m5, coefficient of variation m6, wherein ziIt is to be identified
Seabed depth value in region at ith measurement point,For seabed depth average value, i=1,2,3 ... ..., n, n is
Points are measured in region to be identified.
In the present embodiment, seabed depth data are obtained by multi-beam method measurement, and Fig. 1 (a) to Fig. 1 (e) is respectively sea
Bottom stage, coombe, landslide, protuberance, water channel this 5 kinds of geomorphic types topographic map；Fig. 2 to Fig. 7 is respectively that the depth of 5 kinds of landforms becomes
Cross figure, the depth coefficient of variation and terrain roughness of different coefficient and depth difference entropy crosses figure, depth difference entropy and depth standards
Difference cross figure, the depth coefficient of variation and the depth standards difference of figure, terrain roughness and depth standards difference that cross crosses figure, depth standards
Difference crosses figure with kurtosis.
The dimensional discrepancy of the depth distribution characteristic value of 5 kinds of landforms in the present embodiment is larger.Fig. 2 rushes trenches and mesas into Fig. 7
The characteristic value on ground is substantially distributed in different regions, can be relatively recognized accurately according only to the range of depth distribution characteristic value
Come；The depth distribution feature difference of other geomorphic types is smaller, and there are more laps in figure, according only to depth distribution spy
Sign identification geomorphic type difficulty is larger.
(2) geomorphologic factor extracts:
Original variable is m1、m2、m3、m4、m5And m6, standard landforms are Al, application factor analysis method extraction original variable
Common factor fr, the variance contribution ratio of each common factor is λrIf meetingThen fsFor geomorphologic factor, wherein l=
1,2,3 ... ..., k, r=1,2,3 ... ..., t, s=1,2 ... ..., j, k are geomorphic type number, are determined according to training data, t is
Common factor number, fs、λr, t according to factorial analysis determine, θ is threshold value, set in program parameter, j be geomorphologic factor number.
In the present embodiment, geomorphic type number is k=5, and the common factor number of the original variable of 5 kinds of landforms is t=6, Fig. 8
For the variance contribution ratio distribution of 6 common factors of 5 kinds of geomorphic types, 6 seabed depth distribution characteristics, Fig. 9 is 5 kinds of landforms classes
The cumulative proportion in ANOVA of 6 common factors of 6 seabed depth distribution characteristics of type.In the present embodiment, θ=80% obtains 3
Geomorphologic factor.
(3) geomorphic type classifier design:
According to geomorphologic factor fs, landforms type sorter is determined using support vector machines.
In the present embodiment, 3 geomorphologic factors, the geomorphic type classifier that Figure 10 is, wherein Figure 10 (a) are extracted
For determining the landforms that come down, Figure 10 (b) is for determining protuberance landforms, and Figure 10 (c) is for determining tableland, water channel, coombe landforms.
(4) geomorphic type identifies:
Calculate the depth distribution characteristic value m of landforms to be identified1、m2、m3、m4、m5And m6, extract geomorphologic factor fs, according to step
Suddenly the classifier that (3) obtain determines the type of landforms to be identified.
Figure 11 is the identification result of geomorphic type in the present embodiment.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of submarine geomorphy type sorter design method based on factorial analysis, feature include the following steps:
(1) seabed depth distribution characteristics calculates:
Basis respectively Calculate the seabed depth standard deviation m in region to be identified1, the degree of bias
m2, kurtosis m3, Difference Entropy m4, roughness m5, coefficient of variation m6, whereinziIt is to be identified
Seabed depth value in region at ith measurement point,For seabed depth average value, i=1,2,3 ... ..., n, n is
Points are measured in region to be identified；
(2) geomorphologic factor extracts:
Original variable is m1、m2、m3、m4、m5And m6, standard landforms are Al, application factor analysis method extract original variable it is public
Factor fr, the variance contribution ratio of each common factor is λrIf meetingThen fsFor geomorphologic factor, wherein l=1,2,
3 ... ..., k, r=1,2,3 ... ..., t, s=1,2 ... ..., j, k are geomorphic type number, are determined according to training data, and t is public
Because of subnumber, fs、λr, t according to factorial analysis determine, θ is threshold value, set in program parameter, j be geomorphologic factor number；
(3) geomorphic type classifier design:
According to geomorphologic factor fs, landforms type sorter is determined using support vector machines；
(4) geomorphic type identifies:
Calculate the depth distribution characteristic value m of landforms to be identified1、m2、m3、m4、m5And m6, extract geomorphologic factor fs, according to step (3)
Obtained classifier determines the type of landforms to be identified.
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| CN110806444B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-06-07 | 山东科技大学 | Seabed sediment recognition and classification method based on shallow stratum profiler and SVM |
| CN112834837B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-12-09 | 国网天津市电力公司 | User behavior fine analysis method based on non-invasive load monitoring |
| CN112907615B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Submarine landform unit contour and detail identification method based on region growing |
| CN117173548B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2024-04-02 | 中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心 | Method and device for constructing intelligent classification model of submarine topography and classification method |
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