CN108518261B - Smoke dust collector of marine diesel engine exhaust port - Google Patents

Smoke dust collector of marine diesel engine exhaust port Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108518261B
CN108518261B CN201810560681.5A CN201810560681A CN108518261B CN 108518261 B CN108518261 B CN 108518261B CN 201810560681 A CN201810560681 A CN 201810560681A CN 108518261 B CN108518261 B CN 108518261B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
guide body
hollow
diesel engine
smoke dust
fixedly connected
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Application number
CN201810560681.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108518261A (en
Inventor
谭志华
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Shenzhen Zhongya Electromechanical Industrial Co ltd
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Shenzhen Zhongya Electromechanical Industrial Co ltd
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Priority to CN201810560681.5A priority Critical patent/CN108518261B/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/037Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of inertial or centrifugal separators, e.g. of cyclone type, optionally combined or associated with agglomerators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16Selection of particular materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

A smoke dust collector for exhaust port of marine diesel engine can effectively eliminate ash in exhaust gas exhausted from diesel engine and greatly prolong service life of exhaust muffler. The smoke dust collector is arranged between an exhaust port of the marine diesel engine and a muffler of the diesel engine, and consists of a shell fixedly connected to an exhaust cylinder of the diesel engine, an ash collecting cylinder for storing collected smoke dust and a cyclone for guiding high-speed exhaust gas discharged by the diesel engine to become rotary airflow, wherein the cyclone is arranged in a hollow channel of the shell and consists of a current guide body and cyclone blades fixedly connected to the current guide body; the inner wall of the hollow channel corresponding to the middle section of the flow guiding body is provided with an ash discharging hole communicated with the ash collecting cylinder, and smoke dust in the waste gas flow passes through an airflow groove formed by two adjacent swirl blades and then is thrown into the ash collecting cylinder through the ash discharging hole under the action of centrifugal force. The device has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable layout and convenient installation, and can reduce partial noise generated by the impact of the waste gas and the air flow under the condition of collecting the smoke dust in the waste gas.

Description

Smoke dust collector of marine diesel engine exhaust port
Technical Field
The invention relates to a marine diesel engine, in particular to a smoke dust collector arranged at an exhaust outlet of the marine diesel engine.
Background
The marine diesel engine generates larger noise when running due to sufficient power and high power, and meanwhile, the discharged waste gas contains a large amount of unburnt ash (also called smoke dust) due to insufficient combustion.
In the prior art, in order to reduce noise, a muffler is arranged at an exhaust port of a diesel engine, and the muffler is composed of a shell with an exhaust gas inflow port and an exhaust gas outflow port, a sound absorption protection surface arranged in the shell and a sound absorber wrapped in the sound absorption protection surface. The sound absorption protection surface is provided with a plurality of sound absorption holes, and when the exhaust gas containing huge noise discharged by the diesel engine passes through the muffler along the outer wall of the sound absorption protection surface, most of noise in the exhaust gas flow is absorbed by the sound absorber in the sound absorption protection surface and converted into heat energy to be released.
During long-term use, ash in the exhaust gas flow gradually deposits on the outer wall of the sound absorption protection surface, wherein one part of ash passes through the sound absorption holes in the sound absorption protection surface to enter the sound absorption body, and the other part of ash deposits on the periphery of the sound absorption holes to reduce the hole diameter of the holes, and the noise reduction effect of the muffler is poor in both cases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the smoke dust collector of the marine diesel exhaust port, which can effectively eliminate ash in exhaust gas discharged by a diesel engine and greatly prolong the service life of an exhaust muffler.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The invention relates to a smoke dust collector of a marine diesel engine exhaust port, which is characterized in that: the smoke dust collector is arranged between the exhaust port of the marine diesel engine and the muffler of the diesel engine, and consists of a shell fixedly connected on an exhaust cylinder of the diesel engine, an ash collecting cylinder for storing the collected smoke dust and a cyclone for guiding high-speed exhaust gas discharged by the diesel engine to become rotary gas flow,
The shell is made of high-temperature resistant materials, the shape of the shell is square or cylindrical, and a hollow channel running along the axis of the shell is formed in the shell;
The ash collecting cylinder is a hollow interlayer between the inner wall of the hollow channel and the outer wall of the shell, and the hollow interlayer is arranged around the hollow channel;
The cyclone is arranged in the hollow channel and consists of a hollow columnar flow guide body which extends along the axial direction of the hollow channel and at least three cyclone blades which are fixedly connected to the front section of the flow guide body and extend outwards along the radial direction of the flow guide body; the swirl blades are uniformly arranged at intervals along the peripheral wall of the flow guide body, the inner side edge of the swirl blades is fixedly connected to the flow guide body, the tail end of the outer side edge of the swirl blades is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the hollow channel, and the included angle between the air flow groove formed between two adjacent swirl blades and the axis of the flow guide body is 15-30 degrees;
An ash discharging hole communicated with the ash collecting cylinder is formed in the inner wall of the hollow channel corresponding to the middle section of the flow guiding body, and smoke dust in the waste gas flow passes through the airflow groove and then is thrown into the ash collecting cylinder through the ash discharging hole under the action of centrifugal force.
The swirl blades are blade-shaped, the radial width of the swirl blades is gradually increased from front to back, and the axial shape of the airflow groove is a linear groove which forms an angle of 10-30 degrees with the axis.
The swirl blades are blade-shaped, the radial width of the swirl blades is gradually increased from front to back, and the airflow grooves are spiral grooves with an angle of 10-30 degrees with the axis.
The front end face of the guide body is provided with a guide cover for reducing the resistance of the exhaust gas flow, the guide cover is in a spherical crown shape, a hollow cone shape or a hollow pyramid shape, and the outer diameter of the bottom surface of the guide cover is the same as the outer diameter of the guide body.
The front ends of the cyclone blades are tightly attached to the bottom surface of the air guide sleeve, the shape of the cyclone blades is quadrilateral, the inner side edge and the outer side edge of the cyclone blades can be respectively arc-shaped or straight-shaped, the outline appearance formed by encircling all the cyclone blades is in a frustum shape when seen from front to back, and the taper of the frustum shape is 18-25 degrees.
The rear section of the guide body is a hollow cylindrical or hollow conical tail cone, the tail cone can be a separating component fixedly connected with the guide body into a whole, or can be a part integrally formed with the guide body, and an exhaust small hole communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the guide body is arranged on the rear end surface of the tail cone.
The tail cone is also provided with a long rod-shaped locating rack for centering the guide body, the locating rack is perpendicular to the axis of the guide body, the inner end of the locating rack is fixedly connected to the guide body, and the outer end of the locating rack is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow channel.
The flow guide body is made of stainless steel, titanium or alloy steel, the length of the flow guide body is 300-2000mm, the outer diameter of the flow guide body is 150-300mm, and the thickness of the flow guide body shell 2 is 1-10mm.
The height of the frustum-shaped cone is 50mm-200mm.
The smoke dust collector is arranged between the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine and the exhaust muffler, and adopts a cyclone which can guide the exhaust gas discharged by the diesel engine to be converted into rotary flowing exhaust gas, so that the smoke dust with larger mass in the exhaust gas is thrown into the dust collecting cylinder under the action of centrifugal force. The device has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable layout and convenient installation, and can reduce partial noise generated by the impact of the waste gas and the air flow under the condition of collecting the smoke dust in the waste gas.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a smoke collector of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a soot collector of the present invention adapted for installation when the diesel exhaust stream is a high velocity stream.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a smoke collector of the present invention adapted for installation when aerodynamic performance is strong.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the current collector of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cyclone in a smoke collector of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of several swirl vanes.
The reference numerals are as follows:
The dust collector 1, the shell 2, the hollow channel 21, the dust collecting cylinder 3, the dust discharging holes 31, the cyclone 4, the flow guiding body 41, the cyclone blades 42, the inner side 421, the outer side 422, the outer side tail 423, the back side 424, the airflow groove 43, the positioning frame 44, the flow guiding cover 45, the tail cone 46, the ash 5 and the waste gas 6.
Detailed Description
The smoke collector 1 of the exhaust port of the marine diesel engine (hereinafter referred to as the smoke collector 1) is a newly added component at the exhaust port of the marine diesel engine, and the smoke collector is arranged between the exhaust port of the diesel engine and the muffler, so that the service life of the muffler can be effectively prolonged. The main function of the device is to filter ash 5 (also called smoke dust) in exhaust gas 6 discharged from the diesel engine, and prevent the ash 5 from entering the muffler along with the flow of the exhaust gas 6 to block the sound absorber of the muffler.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the dust collector 1 is composed of a housing 2 fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine, a dust collecting cylinder 3 for storing collected dust, and a cyclone 4 for guiding high-speed exhaust gas 6 discharged from the diesel engine to be converted into a rotating gas flow.
1. Housing 2
The housing 2 is made of a high temperature resistant material and has a square, cylindrical or other prismatic shape.
The shell 2 is provided with a hollow channel 21 running along the axis, the inlet of the hollow channel 21 is connected with the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine, the outlet of the hollow channel 21 is connected with the inlet of the muffler, and the diameter of the hollow channel 21 is smaller than the outer diameter of the shell 2.
The shell 2 is fixedly arranged at the tail part of an exhaust pipe of the diesel engine through a quick dismounting structure or a screw.
2. Ash collecting cylinder 3
Is a hollow interlayer between the inner wall of the hollow channel 21 and the outer wall of the housing 2, and is arranged around the hollow channel 21.
The ash collecting cylinder 3 is provided with an ash discharging gate, and the accumulated smoke dust can be discharged by opening the ash discharging gate.
An elongated ash discharge hole 31 is also provided on the inner wall of the hollow passage 21, and the ash collection cylinder 3 communicates with the hollow passage 21 through the ash discharge hole 31.
3. Cyclone 4
The swirler 4 is disposed at a front end (hereinafter, an end near the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine is referred to as a front, an end near the muffler is referred to as a rear or a tail, a middle between the front and the rear, and a side near the axis in a radial direction of the hollow passage 21 is referred to as an inner side and a side far from the axis is referred to as an outer side) within the hollow passage 21, and is composed of a flow guide 41 and swirl vanes 42.
1) Flow guide body 41
As shown in fig. 1-4, the flow guide body 41 is mainly used for supporting and supporting the swirl vanes 42, and is made of stainless steel, titanium or other carbon steel materials.
The outer shape of the flow guide body 41 is a cylinder shape extending axially along the hollow passage 21 and having a hollow inner cavity, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the hollow passage 21, and the difference depends on whether the exhaust of the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine is smooth or not, and when the flow of the exhausted gas is blocked, the outer diameter of the flow guide body 41 needs to be reduced.
The axial length of the guide body 41 is determined according to the air flow speed of the exhaust gas 6 discharged from the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine, when the air flow speed of the exhaust gas 6 is higher, the length of the guide body 41 can be properly lengthened, the purpose of the guide body is to improve the stability of the cyclone 4, and further, the stability of the cyclone 4 can be improved again by additionally arranging a long rod-shaped positioning frame 44 at the tail end of the guide body 41.
When in installation, the inner end of the positioning frame 44 is fixedly connected to the guide body 41, the outer end of the positioning frame 44 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow channel 21, and the positioning frame 44 can be a supporting rod which is radially penetrated and installed on the guide body 41 along the guide body 41 or two sections of supporting rods which are fixedly connected between the guide body 41 and the inner wall of the hollow channel 21 respectively.
The spacer 44 is made of stainless steel, titanium or other carbon steel material and is a solid cylinder with a diameter preferably in the range of 5mm to 20mm.
The current carrier 41 of the present invention is preferably cylindrical in shape, having an outer diameter of 50-200mm, an axial length of 300-2000mm, and a thickness of 1-10mm of the housing 2.
In order to reduce the air flow resistance of the exhaust gas 6, the invention arranges a guide cover 45 on the front end surface of the guide body 41, wherein the guide cover 45 is in a spherical crown shape, a hollow cone shape or a hollow pyramid shape, which can smoothly guide the exhaust gas 6 to flow along the outer wall of the guide body 41 and can also avoid noise generated when the exhaust gas 6 impacts the guide body 41.
The outer diameter of the bottom surface of the air guide sleeve 45 and the thickness of the shell 2 are respectively the same as the outer diameter of the air guide body 41 and the thickness of the shell 2.
In order to reduce the resistance of the exhaust gas 6, a hollow cylindrical or hollow conical tail cone 46 is additionally arranged at the tail part of the guide body 41, the tail cone 46 can be a separation part fixedly connected with the guide body 41 or a part integrally formed with the guide body 41, and an exhaust small hole communicated with the hollow cavity of the guide body 41 is arranged on the rear end surface of the tail cone 46 and is used for releasing the expansion gas in the hollow cavity of the guide body 41 after the guide body 41 is suddenly heated so as to avoid the expansion deformation of the guide body 41.
The shape of the tail cone 46 may be determined by aerodynamic performance (e.g., airflow rate) requirements, which may be higher (i.e., when the airflow rate of the exhaust gas 6 from the diesel engine is higher), and the tail cone 46 may be selected as a cone (as shown in fig. 3).
When it is desired to provide the tail cone 46 on the fluid guide 41, the positioning frame 44 may be installed between the tail cone 46 and the inner wall of the hollow passage 21.
2) Swirl vanes 42
The number of swirl vanes 42, which may be made of stainless steel, titanium or other carbon steel material, is generally 3-12 sheets (as shown in fig. 5) depending on the size of the muffler, and the vane shape may take several forms and sizes (as shown in fig. 6).
The swirl blades 42 are fixedly connected to the front section of the flow guiding body 41 and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the peripheral wall of the flow guiding body 41.
In the case where the shroud 45 is provided, the tips of the swirl vanes 42 are disposed closely to the bottom surface of the shroud 45.
Each swirl vane 42 is blade-shaped and includes four sides, an inner side 421, an outer side 422, an outer trailing side 423, and a back side 424.
The inner side 421 and the outer side 422 of the swirl vane 42 may each be arcuate or linear. The radial width of the swirl vanes 42 gradually increases from front to back, the inner side 421 of the swirl vanes is fixedly connected to the flow guiding body 41, the outer side 422 is windward, and the outer side tail 423 (also called the tail end of the outer side 422) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow channel 21. The contour of the enclosed swirl vanes 42 is in the shape of a frustum with a taper of 18-25 degrees and a taper height of 50-200 mm, when viewed from front to back.
A flow groove 43 is formed between two adjacent swirl vanes 42, that is, the exhaust gas 6 discharged from the diesel engine flows along the flow groove 43 from front to back. The air flow groove 43 has the following two structures:
1) Linear type
The swirl vanes 42 are short in axial length, and the formed air flow grooves 43 are provided at a slope inclined 15-30 degrees from the axis of the flow guide 41.
2) Spiral line type
The axial length of the swirl blades 42 is long, and the airflow grooves 43 formed are arranged in a pitch spiral inclined at an angle of 15-30 degrees to the axis of the flow guide body 41.
The swirl vanes 42 function to form a flow channel 43 of a predetermined shape, when the high-speed flow of the exhaust gas 6 discharged from the diesel engine enters the flow channel 43 in a straight-line flow manner, the flow channel 43 gradually guides the straight-line flow into a high-speed flow, and when the high-speed flow passes to the rear section of the guide column, the smoke dust in the high-speed flow is separated and thrown onto the inner wall of the hollow passage 21 under the action of centrifugal force, and when the smoke dust arrives at the dust hole 31, the part of the smoke dust enters the dust collecting cylinder 3 from the dust hole 31.

Claims (1)

1. A smoke dust collector of a marine diesel exhaust port is provided, wherein the smoke dust collector (1) is arranged between the marine diesel exhaust port and a muffler of the diesel engine, and is composed of a shell (2) fixedly connected to a diesel exhaust cylinder, a dust collecting cylinder (3) for storing collected smoke dust and a cyclone (4) for guiding high-speed exhaust gas (6) discharged by the diesel engine to flow into a rotational flow, wherein the shell (2) is made of high-temperature resistant materials and is provided with a hollow channel (21) along the axis direction of the shell,
The method is characterized in that: the shape of the shell (2) is square;
the ash collecting cylinder (3) is a hollow interlayer between the inner wall of the hollow channel (21) and the outer wall of the shell (2), and the hollow interlayer is arranged around the hollow channel (21);
The cyclone (4) is arranged in the hollow channel (21) and consists of a hollow columnar guide body (41) which extends along the axial direction of the hollow channel (21) and at least three cyclone blades (42) which are fixedly connected to the front section of the guide body (41) and extend outwards along the radial direction of the guide body (41); the swirl blades (42) are uniformly arranged at intervals along the peripheral wall of the flow guiding body (41), the inner side edge (421) of the swirl blades is fixedly connected to the flow guiding body (41), the tail end of the outer side edge (422) of the swirl blades is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the hollow channel (21), and an included angle between an airflow groove (43) formed between two adjacent swirl blades (42) and the axis of the flow guiding body (41) is 15-30 degrees;
An ash discharge hole (31) communicated with the ash collection cylinder (3) is formed in the inner wall of the hollow channel (21) corresponding to the middle section of the flow guide body (41), and smoke dust in the air flow of the waste gas (6) passes through the air flow groove (43) and then is thrown into the ash collection cylinder (3) through the ash discharge hole (31) under the action of centrifugal force;
the swirl vanes (42) are blade-shaped, the radial width of the swirl vanes is gradually increased from front to back, and the axial shape of the airflow grooves (43) is a linear groove forming an angle of 10-30 degrees with the axis; or the airflow groove (43) is in a spiral linear groove with an angle of 10-30 degrees with the axis;
a guide cover (45) for reducing the airflow resistance of the waste gas (6) is arranged on the front end face of the guide body (41), the guide cover (45) is spherical crown-shaped, hollow cone-shaped or hollow pyramid-shaped, and the outer diameter of the bottom surface of the guide cover (45) is the same as the outer diameter of the guide body (41);
The front ends of the swirl blades (42) are tightly attached to the bottom surface of the air guide sleeve (45), the swirl blades (42) are quadrilateral, the inner side edge (421) and the outer side edge (422) of the swirl blades can be respectively arc-shaped or straight-shaped, the outline formed by encircling all the swirl blades (42) is in a frustum shape when seen from front to back, and the taper of the frustum shape is 18-25 degrees;
The rear section of the guide body (41) is a hollow cylindrical or hollow conical tail cone (46), the tail cone (46) can be a separating component fixedly connected with the guide body (41) into a whole, or can be a part integrally formed with the guide body (41), and an exhaust small hole communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the guide body (41) is arranged on the rear end surface of the tail cone (46);
A long rod-shaped locating frame (44) for centering the guide body (41) is further arranged on the coccyx (46), the locating frame (44) is perpendicular to the axis of the guide body (41), the inner end of the locating frame is fixedly connected to the guide body (41), and the outer end of the locating frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow channel (21);
The guide body (41) is made of stainless steel or titanium material, the length of the guide body is 300-2000mm, the outer diameter of the guide body is 150-300mm, and the thickness of the guide body (41) shell 2 is 1-10mm;
The height of the frustum-shaped cone is 50mm-200mm.
CN201810560681.5A 2018-05-25 2018-05-25 Smoke dust collector of marine diesel engine exhaust port Active CN108518261B (en)

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GB1377646A (en) * 1971-03-29 1974-12-18 Ansdale R F K Purification of gaseous combustion products
GB1443652A (en) * 1973-05-07 1976-07-21 Nissan Motor Combination exhaust-gas cleaner and muffler for an automobile engine
JPS55124517A (en) * 1979-03-20 1980-09-25 Hisashi Imai Dust removing and noise suppresser for exhaust gas
JPS5614823A (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-02-13 Imai Yoshi Exhaust gas purifying and silencing apparatus for diesel engine
US4331213A (en) * 1980-01-28 1982-05-25 Mitsuko Leith Automobile exhaust control system
US4840645A (en) * 1983-04-15 1989-06-20 Allied-Signal Inc. Rotary separator with a porous shroud
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