CN108518252B - Load regulation control method and device for steam turbine power generation system - Google Patents
Load regulation control method and device for steam turbine power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
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- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of thermal power generation, in particular to a load regulation control method and device for a steam turbine power generation system. The load regulation control method comprises the following steps: receiving a power generation load instruction; when the power generation load rises, reducing the flow of condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, increasing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and increasing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a first pressure; and when the power generation load is reduced, increasing the flow of the condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, reducing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and reducing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a second pressure. The method and the device can quickly respond to the change of the power generation load so as to meet the power generation requirement when the load of the power grid is changed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermal power generation, in particular to a load regulation control method and device for a steam turbine power generation system.
Background
The steam turbine power generation system is a power generation system commonly applied to thermal power generation, comprises a steam turbine, a boiler, a condenser and the like, and generally adopts a CBF (coordinated control) mode of controlling main steam pressure and controlling load of the steam turbine by the boiler in order to meet the requirement of AGC (automatic gain control) variable load of a power grid. However, the throttling loss is large under the method, and the phenomenon of over-regulation is easy to occur. And when the opening of the high-pressure regulating valve is regulated to regulate the load, the load-variable response speed of the generator set is low, and the control mode can not meet the requirement under the condition of high requirement on AGC load variation.
Therefore, a load regulation control technique capable of responding to a change in the power generation load at a variable speed is required in the related art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a load regulation control method and device for a steam turbine power generation system, which can quickly respond to the change of a power generation load so as to meet the power generation requirement when the load of a power grid is changed.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a load regulation control method for a steam turbine power generation system, the steam turbine power generation system including a boiler, a steam turbine, and a condenser, the load regulation control method including: receiving a power generation load instruction; when the power generation load rises, reducing the flow of condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, increasing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and increasing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a first pressure; and when the power generation load is reduced, increasing the flow of the condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, reducing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and reducing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a second pressure.
Wherein the first pressure is determined based on an amount of increase in the power generation load and a load rate, and the second pressure is determined based on an amount of decrease in the power generation load and the load rate.
And the increase or the decrease of the flow of the condensed water is realized by adjusting the valve opening degree of a condensed pump outlet of the condenser, and the valve opening degree is determined according to the variable quantity of the power generation load, the water level of the condenser and the water level of the deaerator.
The load regulation control method further comprises the following steps: and determining the adjusting range of the valve opening according to the safety value ranges of the deaerator water level and the condenser water level and the safety value of the condensate flow.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a load regulation control apparatus for a steam turbine power generation system including a boiler, a steam turbine, and a condenser, the load regulation control apparatus including: the receiving module is used for receiving a power generation load instruction; a control module to: when the power generation load rises, reducing the flow of condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, increasing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and increasing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a first pressure; and when the power generation load is reduced, increasing the flow of the condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, reducing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and reducing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a second pressure.
Wherein the first pressure is determined based on an amount of increase in the power generation load and a load rate, and the second pressure is determined based on an amount of decrease in the power generation load and the load rate.
And the increase or the decrease of the flow of the condensed water is realized by adjusting the valve opening degree of a condensed pump outlet of the condenser, and the valve opening degree is determined according to the variable quantity of the power generation load, the water level of the condenser and the water level of the deaerator.
The adjusting range of the valve opening is determined according to the safety value ranges of the deaerator water level and the condenser water level and the safety value of the condensate flow.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to execute the load regulation control method.
Through the technical scheme, when the power generation load changes, the steam pressure entering the steam turbine is adjusted, and meanwhile the change of the power generation load is responded by adjusting the flow of condensed water, so that the response speed to the power generation load is improved, and the power generation output meets the changed power generation load at the speed as fast as possible.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an example of a steam turbine power generation system to which a load regulation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a load regulation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 3 is a control schematic of a load regulation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
10: boiler 11: fuel controller
12: air volume controller 20: steam turbine
21: the high-adjustment door 30: steam condenser
40: the coagulation pump 41: condensate pump outlet valve
50: a deaerator 60: water supply pump
70: the generator 80: high-pressure heater
LH1-LH 4: low-pressure heater
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Fig. 1 is an example of a steam turbine power generation system to which a load regulation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in fig. 1, the steam turbine power generation system includes a boiler 10, a steam turbine 20, a generator 70, a condenser 30, low-pressure heaters LH1-LH4, a deaerator 50, a feed water pump 60, and a high-pressure heater 80. The steam generated by the boiler 10 is supplied to the steam turbine 20, and the heat energy of the steam pushes the steam turbine 20 to do work, thereby driving the generator 70 to generate electricity. The condenser 30 changes the steam after the turbine has done work into condensed water, the condensate pump 40 pumps out the condensed water in the condenser 30 to circulate the condensed water in the power generation system, and the condensate outlet valve 41 is used for controlling the flow rate of the condensed water. The low-pressure heater LH1-LH4 and the high-pressure heater 80 heat the boiler feed water by using the intermediate extraction steam of the steam turbine to improve the cycle efficiency. The deaerator 50 removes oxygen dissolved in water to prevent corrosion of equipment and deterioration of heat transfer due to oxygen.
The load adjustment method of the present invention is specifically described below with reference to fig. 1.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a load regulation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The load regulation control method comprises the following steps:
in step S210, a power generation load command is received.
In step S220, it is determined whether or not the power generation load is increased.
And step S240, when the power generation load is increased, reducing the flow rate of the condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, increasing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and increasing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a first pressure. The reduction of the flow rate of the condensate can be realized by adjusting the valve opening of the valve 41 at the outlet of the condensate pump 40 of the condenser 30, and when the flow rate of the condensate needs to be increased when the power generation load is increased, the valve opening 41 can be reduced at the moment to reduce the steam extraction amount of the low-pressure heater, so that the work capacity of the steam in the steam turbine is increased, and the power generation output is increased.
Through the steps, when the power generation load rises, the flow rate of the condensed water is reduced to reduce the outflow of the steam in the steam turbine 20, so that the steam pressure of the steam turbine 20 is improved, meanwhile, the main steam pressure of the boiler 10 is enabled to adjust the first pressure on the basis of the original sliding pressure curve, and the opening degree of the high-pressure adjusting door 21 is increased, so that the main steam pressure and the condensed water on the boiler side are comprehensively utilized to adjust to reduce the power generation output, and the purpose of enabling the power generation output of the generator set to quickly reach the level of the raised power generation load is achieved.
In step S230, it is determined whether or not the power generation load is reduced.
And step S250, when the power generation load is reduced, increasing the flow of the condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, reducing the opening degree of a high-regulating valve of the steam turbine, and reducing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a second pressure. The increase of the flow rate of the condensate can also be realized by adjusting the valve opening of the valve 41 at the outlet of the condensate pump 40 of the condenser 30, and when the power generation load is reduced, the flow rate of the condensate needs to be increased, and at this time, the opening of the valve 41 can be increased to increase the steam extraction amount of the low-pressure heater, thereby reducing the work amount of the steam in the steam turbine 20 and reducing the power generation output.
Through the step, when the power generation load is reduced, the flow rate of the condensed water is increased to increase the outflow of the steam in the steam turbine 20, so that the steam pressure of the steam turbine 20 is reduced, meanwhile, the second pressure is reduced on the basis of the original sliding pressure curve of the boiler pressure, and the opening degree of the height adjusting door 21 is reduced, so that the main steam pressure and the condensed water on the boiler side are comprehensively utilized for adjusting to improve the power generation output, and the purpose of enabling the power generation output of the generator set to quickly reach the reduced power generation load level is achieved.
Through the embodiment, a corrected sliding pressure curve based on the load instruction is superposed on the original sliding pressure curve of the power generation system. Through the correction of a sliding pressure curve, a main steam pressure set value is properly adjusted to act on the boiler main control and then the boiler output is adjusted, the corresponding steam turbine main control load adjustment enables the opening degree of the high-pressure regulating valve to be gradually increased (when the power generation load is increased) or decreased (when the power generation load is decreased), finally, after stabilization, the opening degree of the steam turbine high-pressure regulating valve is adjusted to a new level, throttling loss of the high-pressure regulating valve is reduced compared with that of an original operation mode, and the efficiency of a high-pressure cylinder is improved. In addition, according to the checking requirement of the power grid on the variable load performance of the power generation system, the corrected sliding pressure curve is set to be adjustable (the first pressure and the second pressure are adjustable), namely the correction function of the sliding pressure curve can be adjusted according to the requirement of the power grid, and therefore the throttling degree of the steam turbine regulating valve is adjusted. If the power grid has high requirements on AGC variable load, the sliding pressure curve correction effect is reduced to enable the opening degree adjustment range of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine to be slightly smaller, the available unit energy storage is increased, and the unit operation economy is slightly improved; and vice versa.
The valve opening for controlling the flow of the condensed water can be determined according to the variable quantity of the power generation load, the water level of the condenser and the water level of the deaerator.
In a preferred embodiment, the first pressure is determined based on an amount of increase in the power generation load and a load rate, and the second pressure is determined based on an amount of decrease in the power generation load and the load rate. The load rate represents the speed required by the grid to reach the changed power generation load output of the genset when the power generation load changes. In this regard, when the present invention is applied, the first pressure and the second pressure corresponding to the amount of change in the power generation load may be repeatedly tested through experiments to adjust the main steam pressure of the boiler. The main steam pressure can be realized by controlling the air inlet amount through the air volume controller 12, controlling the fuel amount through the fuel controller 11 and controlling the water inlet amount.
When the flow of condensate changes, the condenser water level is opposite to the deaerator water level, e.g., when the flow of condensate increases, the condenser water level falls and the deaerator water level rises. In order to ensure that the water levels of the condenser and the deaerator do not overflow and the condenser steam and the deaerator do not dry burn due to too low water levels, the adjusting range of the valve opening degree can be determined according to the safety value ranges of the water level of the deaerator and the water level of the condenser and the safety value of the condensate flow. The safety value of the flow of the condensed water is a value which can keep the water levels of the condenser and the deaerator at a safety water level and make the water level fluctuation of the condenser and the deaerator within a stable range.
Through the embodiment, the load deviation is directly controlled by the existing condensed water load regulation technology, the relatively fixed amount of unit load is obtained or released in a short time by utilizing the energy storage of the condensed water/regenerative system, and finally, the accurate load regulation is still completed by depending on the high regulating valve of the steam turbine. When the power generation load changes, a certain amount is preset according to factors such as the liquid level of a deaerator, the liquid level of a condenser, the variable load amplitude and the like, the water level fixed value acting on the deaerator/condenser is changed, the flow of condensed water is changed, the low steam extraction amount is changed, the variable amount of a load instruction is directly converted into the required variable amount of low steam extraction, and a steam turbine high-pressure regulating valve is assisted to carry out load regulation. And simultaneously, determining the available energy storage range according to the specific capacity of the deaerator/condenser and the allowable safe change range, and utilizing the water level change of the deaerator/condenser within the safe range. If the capacity and the safe change range of the deaerator/condenser are large, the change amplitude and the change duration of the condensate flow can be set to be longer, correspondingly, the available condensate/regenerative system has larger energy storage, and the load regulation capacity of the condensate is stronger.
Fig. 3 is a control schematic of a load regulation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The left half of fig. 3 shows the control principle of the main steam pressure of the boiler, wherein the dashed box part shows the process of correcting the load command to obtain the actual power generation load variation. f. of1(x) Representing the amount of change in the power generation load, f2(x) Indicating the current power generation load. The optimum relationship among the load rate, the amount of change in the power generation load, the first pressure, or the second pressure may be obtained through experiments for load regulation control. The controller may then determine the first pressure or the second pressure according to the corrected power generation load variation, and adjust the main steam pressure according to the first pressure or the second pressure.
The right half of fig. 3 shows the principle of control of the opening of the outlet valve of the condensate pump. When the power generation load changes, a preset quantity A of condensate flow can be preset according to the deaerator water level, the condenser water level and the power generation load variable quantity, then the adjustment value of the preset quantity A is determined for the condensate flow according to the deaerator water level, the condenser water level and the power generation load, the steam extraction variable quantity of the low-pressure heater is determined according to the adjusted condensate flow and the deaerator/condenser water level, and therefore the opening of the condenser outlet valve is adjusted.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a load regulation control apparatus for a steam turbine power generation system including a boiler, a steam turbine, and a condenser, the load regulation control apparatus including: the receiving module is used for receiving a power generation load instruction; a control module to: when the power generation load rises, reducing the flow of condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, increasing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and increasing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a first pressure; and when the power generation load is reduced, increasing the flow of the condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, reducing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and reducing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a second pressure.
Wherein the first pressure is determined based on an amount of increase in the power generation load and a load rate, and the second pressure is determined based on an amount of decrease in the power generation load and the load rate.
And the increase or the decrease of the flow of the condensed water is realized by adjusting the valve opening degree of a condensed pump outlet of the condenser, and the valve opening degree is determined according to the variable quantity of the power generation load, the water level of the condenser and the water level of the deaerator.
The adjusting range of the valve opening is determined according to the safety value ranges of the deaerator water level and the condenser water level and the safety value of the condensate flow.
The invention adds a corrected sliding pressure curve based on the unit load instruction on the original sliding pressure curve (namely, a first pressure is superposed when the power generation load rises, and a second pressure is superposed when the power generation load falls). The steam turbine regulating valve is properly adjusted through the superposition quantity, and a small amount of unit variable load energy storage is reserved.
When the unit responds to a power grid AGC loading instruction (when a power generation load rises), a negative loading offset signal is generated by intelligent load increasing and decreasing processing of preset quantity as shown in figure 3 and is superposed on the original condensate outlet water level deviation, and an outlet regulating valve of the condensate pump is closed through intelligent weighting processing to reduce the flow of condensate water, so that the load of the unit is quickly raised by reducing the low-pressure steam extraction quantity. Meanwhile, the steam turbine regulating valve is opened greatly, the energy is stored by the unit, a part of load output is contributed, the load at the initial stage of variable load is quickly increased under the combined action of the unit and the unit, in addition, the coal and the water on the boiler side act quickly, the load is quickly increased under the combined action of mutual cooperation, and the requirement of a power grid on AGC load performance is met.
When the unit responds to a power grid AGC load reduction instruction (when the power generation load is reduced), a positive load reduction offset signal is generated by carrying out load addition and subtraction intelligent processing on preset quantity as shown in figure 3, the positive load reduction offset signal is superposed on the original condensate pump outlet water level deviation, the condensate pump outlet regulating valve is opened through intelligent weighting processing, the condensate flow is increased, and the unit load is rapidly reduced. In addition, according to the load deviation, the opening degree of a steam turbine regulating valve is properly reduced, so that the load is further reduced, meanwhile, coal and water on the boiler side are rapidly reduced, the load is rapidly reduced under the combined action, and the requirement of a power grid on the AGC load reduction performance is met.
In addition, the invention does not need to change the original system structure, properly reserves a small amount of throttling of the high regulating valve according to the checking requirement of the power grid where the unit is located on the load response, ensures that the steam turbine regulating valve still has certain load regulating capacity, and simultaneously improves the economical efficiency of unit operation on the premise of meeting the load change requirement of the power grid on the unit by combining the condensed water load regulating technology.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention do not describe every possible combination.
Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the apparatus according to the above embodiments may be implemented by a program, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a single chip, a chip, or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the apparatus according to the various embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In addition, any combination of various different implementation manners of the embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the embodiments of the present invention should be considered as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as long as the combination does not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A load regulation control method for a steam turbine power generation system, the steam turbine power generation system comprising a boiler, a steam turbine and a condenser, the load regulation control method comprising:
receiving a power generation load instruction;
when the power generation load rises, reducing the flow of condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, increasing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and increasing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a first pressure; and
when the power generation load is reduced, the flow rate of the condensate at the outlet of the condenser is increased, the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine is reduced, and the main steam pressure of the boiler is reduced by a second pressure;
the first pressure is determined based on an amount of increase in the power generation load and a load rate, and the second pressure is determined based on an amount of decrease in the power generation load and the load rate.
2. The load regulation control method according to claim 1, wherein the increase or decrease of the flow rate of the condensate water is achieved by adjusting a valve opening degree of a condensate pump outlet of the condenser, the valve opening degree being determined according to the amount of change in the power generation load, a water level of the condenser, and a water level of a deaerator.
3. The load regulation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that the load regulation control method further comprises:
and determining the adjusting range of the valve opening according to the safety value ranges of the deaerator water level and the condenser water level and the safety value of the condensate flow.
4. A load regulation control device for a steam turbine power generation system, the steam turbine power generation system comprising a boiler, a steam turbine and a condenser, characterized in that the load regulation control device comprises:
the receiving module is used for receiving a power generation load instruction;
a control module to:
when the power generation load rises, reducing the flow of condensed water at the outlet of the condenser, increasing the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine, and increasing the main steam pressure of the boiler by a first pressure; and
when the power generation load is reduced, the flow rate of the condensate at the outlet of the condenser is increased, the opening degree of a high-pressure regulating valve of the steam turbine is reduced, and the main steam pressure of the boiler is reduced by a second pressure;
the first pressure is determined based on an amount of increase in the power generation load and a load rate, and the second pressure is determined based on an amount of decrease in the power generation load and the load rate.
5. The load regulation control device according to claim 4, wherein the increase or decrease in the flow rate of the condensate is achieved by adjusting a valve opening degree of a condensate outlet of the condenser, the valve opening degree being determined in accordance with the amount of change in the power generation load, a water level of the condenser, and a water level of a deaerator.
6. The load regulation control device according to claim 5, wherein the regulation range of the valve opening is determined according to a safety value range of a deaerator water level and a condenser water level and a condensate flow safety value.
7. A machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to perform the load regulation control method of any one of claims 1-3.
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| CN201810225332.8A CN108518252B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Load regulation control method and device for steam turbine power generation system |
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| CN201810225332.8A CN108518252B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Load regulation control method and device for steam turbine power generation system |
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| CN103925590B (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2016-02-24 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | The steady method of water control is given in generating set fast cutback process |
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