CN108513136A - The compression method and read method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data - Google Patents
The compression method and read method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of compression method and read method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, and the compression method of the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data includes the following steps：Magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is divided into the identical three-dimensional data fritter of size；Video coding compression is carried out using video encoder to each three-dimensional data fritter that piecemeal obtains, obtains Video coding file set.By first carrying out piecemeal to magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, the method that then Video coding compresses again can efficiently and effectively compress magnanimity space three-dimensional image data the present invention, and read and be convenient to fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image data processing technique more particularly to a kind of compression methods of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data
And read method.
Background technology
Space three-dimensional image is able to record complete structure information of the object in three dimensions, for the complete of research object
Structure is of great significance.Such as in Neurobiology field, in order to study the structure of brain, the sky for obtaining brain is needed
Between 3 d image data.With the development of imaging technique, pass through the number for the space three-dimensional image data that micro imaging system obtains
According to measuring increasing, even up to 10TB magnitudes, the space three-dimensional image data of this magnanimity to store, transmit all cause it is huge
Big pressure.Therefore, phase of the data compression for magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is carried out to magnanimity space three-dimensional image data
Application is closed, is had a very important significance.
Above-mentioned space three-dimensional image is made of the identical two-dimensional grating image of multiple sizes.At present to space three-dimensional image
The universal method that data set is compressed independently is compressed to multiple two dimensional images for forming space three-dimensional image.Such as：
Using the coding modes such as common lzw, jpeg in picture compression, it is compressed.But above-mentioned compression method is to constituting
Each two dimensional image of space three-dimensional image carries out independent compression coding, with only redundancy of the data in two-dimensional space
Information does not make full use of the redundancy of data in three dimensions, therefore its compression effectiveness is not satisfactory.
People very early, it is realized that the redundancy of space three-dimensional image be not only present in indicate its multiple two dimensional images in
Portion also exists simultaneously between adjacent two dimensional image.Since video data is by multiple continuous two dimensional images on time shaft
It is formed, the 3 d image data on actually a kind of time shaft.Therefore, people are it is also contemplated that Video coding can be utilized
Technology realizes the data compression to space three-dimensional image.Such as in medical domain, just there is researcher to utilize video coding technique pair
The space three-dimensional image data that nuclear magnetic resonance obtains is compressed.Specifically scheme is：Space three-dimensional image data will be formed
A frame input video encoder of the every two dimensional image as video carries out Video coding to complete space three-dimensional data, obtains
To a Video coding file.But for some magnanimity space three-dimensional image datas, the size of image often substantially exceeds
The size that existing all video encoders are supported, directly carry out video compress to it using existing video encoder can not
It realizes.Even if being improved to existing video encoder, the video encoder of the such large-size data of support is realized out, according to
It is straight with the space three-dimensional image data of the way of nuclear magnetic resonance space three-dimensional image type, the magnanimity of TBs up to tens of to data volume
Row Video coding is tapped into, complete magnanimity space three-dimensional image data direct coding is obtained into a video file and calculation amount
Greatly and it is difficult to the work executed parallel.Also, when using such compressed data, even if it is only necessary to obtain space three
The data of the subspace of some very little in dimensional data image also have to carry out video solution to complete 3 d image data
Code, it is extremely inefficient.In addition, the image data in scientific research also has the characteristics of multichannel, high dynamic range.Therefore, existing
Video compression scheme for space three-dimensional image data is not particularly suited for the video compress of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of compression method that effectively and efficiently magnanimity space three-dimensional image data can be compressed with
And corresponding read method.
Invention content
A kind of effective and efficient magnanimity space three-dimensional image is provided the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problem
The compression method and read method of data.
The purpose of the present invention is what is realized by following technical solution：
A kind of compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, includes the following steps：
Magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is divided into the identical three-dimensional data fritter of size by S11. piecemeal；
S12. Video coding compresses, and video volume is carried out using video encoder to each three-dimensional data fritter that piecemeal obtains
Code compression, obtains Video coding file set.
Further, the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is made of the identical two-dimensional grating image of size.
Further, the S11. blocking steps carry out supplying data when to frontier district domain partitioning, make borderline region piecemeal
The size of obtained three-dimensional data fritter is identical as the size of three-dimensional data fritter that non-borderline region piecemeal obtains.
Further, the size of the three-dimensional data fritter is identical.
Further, the length of the three-dimensional data fritter is more than 200 pixels, and is less than 5000 pixels.
Further, the S11. blocking steps, while three-dimensional data fritter is generated in former magnanimity space three-dimensional image data
In spatial position index.
Further, the pixel single channel bit depth of the S11. blocking steps, described image data is more than 8bits, along
Bit depth direction carries out piecemeal from low level to a high position in data space to data, and the bit depth of data is equal to after piecemeal
8bits, the part less than 8bits mend 0 in a high position.
Further, the S12. Video codings compression step is lossy compression or lossless compression.
Further, the S12. Video codings compression step, is calculated, or accelerated using GPU using CPU.
A kind of read method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, includes the following steps：
S21. input needs the coordinate range of the data read；
S22. the Video coding file set for needing to read is calculated according to coordinate range, and obtains the Video coding file
Set；
S23. video is carried out to the Video coding file set to decode to obtain the identical three-dimensional data fritter of multiple sizes；
S24. the three-dimensional data fritter is read into memory headroom, to the multiple three-dimensional data in memory headroom
Fritter is spliced and is cut, and the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data of required coordinate range is finally obtained.
Further, the S23. decodes to obtain multiple sizes identical three to Video coding file set progress video
Dimension data fritter using CPU calculate or be accelerated using GPU.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in, and by first carrying out piecemeal to magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, are suitble to
The data patch of video compress is carried out, it, can be effectively and high then to the method for each data patch application Video coding compression
Effect compresses magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, and reads and be convenient to fast.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the compression method of specific embodiment of the invention magnanimity space three-dimensional image data；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the compression method of specific embodiment of the invention magnanimity space three-dimensional image data；
Fig. 3 is the right in data space of the compression method of specific embodiment of the invention magnanimity space three-dimensional image data
Data carry out the schematic diagram of piecemeal；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the read method of specific embodiment of the invention magnanimity space three-dimensional image data.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described in detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 show the flow chart of the compression method of specific embodiment of the invention magnanimity space three-dimensional image data.Fig. 2
For the schematic diagram of the compression method of specific embodiment of the invention magnanimity space three-dimensional image data.Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institutes
Show, the compression method of the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data includes the following steps：
Magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is divided into the identical three-dimensional data fritter of size by S11. blocking step；
S12. Video coding compression step regards each three-dimensional data fritter that piecemeal obtains using video encoder
Frequency coding compression, obtains Video coding file set.
Wherein, the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is to be different from the raster image of vector image, and is by size
Identical two-dimensional grating image composition.
The identical three-dimensional data fritter of the size is that the length of each three-dimensional data fritter distinguishes correspondent equal.
If the length of complete magnanimity space three-dimensional image data can not be whole by the length of three-dimensional data fritter
It removes, the size of borderline region is extended, to the region expanded by the S11. blocking steps when to frontier district domain partitioning
It carries out supplying data, 0 or arbitrary constant can be used to fill.Because 0 represents black, it is equivalent to cover around element data block
The frame of a black, the three-dimensional for making the size for the three-dimensional data fritter that borderline region piecemeal obtains be obtained with non-borderline region piecemeal
The size of data patch is identical.
The length of the three-dimensional data fritter can be equal, can also be other arbitrary proportions.In this reality
It applies in mode, the length of the three-dimensional data fritter is equal.
In order to improve Video coding and decoded efficiency, the length of the three-dimensional data fritter is more than 200 pictures
Element, and it is less than 5000 pixels.
In order to which the three-dimensional data fritter splicing for obtaining piecemeal merges back into former magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, the S11.
Blocking step, while generating spatial position index of the three-dimensional data fritter in former magnanimity space three-dimensional image data.
The S11. blocking steps can carry out piecemeal in locational space to data, can also be right in data space
Data carry out piecemeal.Currently, most of video encoder can only all be encoded for the image data of each channel 8bits,
But in scientific research, each even greater image datas of channel 16bits are also in daily use, in order to utilize support 8bits data
Video encoder to 16bits data carry out Video coding compression, can be in data space to the 3-D view number of 16bits
According to piecemeal is carried out, the high 8bits and low 8bits of the 3 d image data block of a 16bits are split, decomposition obtains two
A 8bits data blocks.If the pixel single channel bit depth of image data is more than 8bits, need to also be along bit depth direction, in number
According to piecemeal is carried out in space from low level to a high position, the bit depth of data is equal to 8bits after piecemeal, and the part less than 8bits is in height
Mend 0 in position.As shown in Figure 3.
The S12. Video codings compression step, can be lossy compression, can also be lossless compression, can be according to specific
Application scenarios select suitable Video coding compress mode.
The S12. Video codings compression step can be calculated using CPU, can also be accelerated using GPU.
It is shown in Figure 4, it is the stream of the read method of specific embodiment of the invention magnanimity space three-dimensional image data
Cheng Tu.
Present invention further teaches a kind of read methods of the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, include the following steps：
S21. input needs the coordinate range of the data read；
S22. the Video coding file set for needing to read is calculated according to coordinate range, and obtains the Video coding file
Set；
S23. video is carried out to the Video coding file set to decode to obtain the identical three-dimensional data fritter of multiple sizes；
S24. the three-dimensional data fritter is read into memory headroom, to the multiple three-dimensional data in memory headroom
Fritter is spliced and is cut, and the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data of required coordinate range is finally obtained.
Wherein, the S23. decodes to obtain the identical three-dimensional of multiple sizes to Video coding file set progress video
Data patch can be calculated, decoding operate using CPU, can also be accelerated using GPU.
The compression method of specific implementation mode magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is illustrated the present invention individually below.
Example 1：
(1) piecemeal software TDat is used to carry out piecemeal to optical 3-dimensional image data set, it is 512*512*512 to obtain size
Data block, the filename of data block includes its coordinate information in original data set；
(2) two dimensional image that the data block of each 512*512*512 is saved as to 512 512*512 adds at filename end
It is the data of which layer in former 3-D view to add the digital representation two dimensional image；
(3) H.264 video is carried out using video coding tool ffmeg combinations libx264 to the two-dimensional image sequence of generation
Coding, set coding parameter as：
-preset slow crf 18 tune film
Lossy compression is carried out, each data block corresponds to obtain the video file that a suffix is mp4.
Example 2：
(1) it uses deblocking software TDat to carry out piecemeal to the 3 d image data that electron microscope obtains, obtains big
The small data block for 1024*800*400；
(2) the 3 d image data block of multiple 1024*800*400 is formed in memory, and records it in initial three-dimensional figure
As the coordinate information in data set；
(3) data block generated to (2) process is handled, which is regarded as to the X-Y scheme of 400 1024*800
As sequence；
(4) by 400 two dimensional images obtained during (3) as 400 frames, input frame by frame is carried out using mov encoders
Coding；
(5) each data block corresponds to the video file for generating an entitled .mov of suffix.
Example 3：
(1) 3 d image data is obtained by light microscope, by the 1000pixels* that 1000 bit depth are 8bits
The two-dimensional grating image of 1000pixels forms；
(2) each tile size is designed as 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels.In order to ensure right
When the boundary position of the original three-dimensional image data of 1000pixels*1000pixels*1000pixels carries out piecemeal, obtain
The size of three-dimensional fritter is also 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels, to the borderline region of original three-dimensional image data
It is supplied, the numerical value supplied is 0, and the size expansion by original three-dimensional image data is：1024pixels*1024pixels*
1024pixels.The three-dimensional data fritter that it is 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels that piecemeal, which obtains 8 sizes all,；
(3) H.264 Video coding is carried out respectively to 8 three-dimensional data fritters that piecemeal obtains in memory, and according to it
Position in initial data, 8 data patch are saved as into 0_0_0.mp4,0_0_1.mp4,0_1_0.mp4,0_ respectively
1_1.mp4,1_0_0.mp4,1_0_1.mp4,1_1_0.mp4,1_1_1.mp4。
Example 4:
(1) 3 d image data is obtained by light microscope, pixel bit depth is 12bits, 1000 1000pixels*
The two-dimensional grating image of 1000pixels forms；
(2) each tile size is designed as 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels.In order to ensure right
When the boundary position of the original three-dimensional image data of 1000pixels*1000pixels*1000pixels carries out piecemeal, obtain
The size of three-dimensional fritter is also 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels, to the borderline region of original three-dimensional image data
It is supplied, the numerical value supplied is 0, and the size expansion by original three-dimensional image data is：1024pixels*1024pixels*
1024pixels.To three-dimensional data piecemeal in locational space, obtain that 8 bit depth are 12bits, size is all
The three-dimensional data fritter of 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels；
(3) piecemeal, each fritter piecemeal in data space are carried out to 8 data blocks that piecemeal obtains in data space
Obtain two bit depth be 8bits fritter, one of 8bits fritter storage be former 12bits fritters least-significant byte letter
Breath, another 8bits fritter storage it is low 4 storage be former 12bits fritters high 4 information, high four are supplied
0；
(4) it is in memory that 8bits three-dimensional datas fritter carries out H.264 video respectively to 16 bit depth that piecemeal obtains
Coding, and according to their positions in initial data, 8 data patch are saved as into 0_0_0_high.mp4,0_0_ respectively
0_low.mp4,0_0_1_high.mp4,0_0_low.mp4,0_1_0_high.mp4,0_1_0_low.mp4,0_1_1_
high.mp4,0_1_1_low.mp4,1_0_0_high.mp4,1_0_0_low.mp4,1_0_1_high.mp4,1_0_1_
low.mp4,1_1_0_high.mp4,1_1_0_low.mp4,1_1_1_high.mp4,1_1_1_high.mp4.In filename
First three relative position of digital representation data block in the locational space of former three-dimensional data, the last high of filename is indicated should
Data block is the high position data in former three-dimensional data space, and low indicates that the data block is the lower-order digit in former three-dimensional data space
According to.
Example 5：Video coding compression is carried out to RGB color image data
(1) color three dimensional image data are obtained by optical microscopy imaging system, image data is divided into RGB triple channels, each
Channel bit depth is 8bits.3 d image data by 1024 1024pixels*1024pixels two-dimensional grating image group
At；
(2) each tile size is designed as 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels.To three in locational space
Dimension data piecemeal, it is the color three dimension data patch of 512pixels*512pixels*512pixels to obtain 8 sizes all；
(3) H.264 Video coding is carried out respectively to 8 three-dimensional data fritters that piecemeal obtains in memory, and according to it
Position in initial data, 8 data patch are saved as into 0_0_0.mp4,0_0_1.mp4,0_1_0.mp4,0_ respectively
1_1.mp4,1_0_0.mp4,1_0_1.mp4,1_1_0.mp4,1_1_1.mp4。
It can be seen that, the present invention to magnanimity space three-dimensional image data by first carrying out piecemeal, then according to the above
Again Video coding compression method, can effectively and efficiently magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is compressed.And it reads
It is convenient to quick.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, it can be to the present invention
Technical solution be modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the spirit of the technical scheme of the invention and range, should all cover
In the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Magnanimity space three-dimensional image data is divided into the identical three-dimensional data fritter of size by S11. blocking step；
S12. Video coding compression step carries out video to each three-dimensional data fritter that piecemeal obtains using video encoder
Coding compression, obtains Video coding file set.
2. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The magnanimity is empty
Between 3 d image data be made of the identical two-dimensional grating image of size.
3. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The S11. points
Block step carries out supplying data when to frontier district domain partitioning, makes the size for the three-dimensional data fritter that borderline region piecemeal obtains
It is identical as the size of three-dimensional data fritter that non-borderline region piecemeal obtains.
4. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Three dimension
It is identical according to the size of fritter.
5. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Three dimension
According to the length of fritter, it is more than 200 pixels, and be less than 5000 pixels.
6. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The S11. points
Block step, while generating spatial position index of the three-dimensional data fritter in former magnanimity space three-dimensional image data.
7. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The S11.
The pixel single channel bit depth of blocking step, described image data is more than 8 bits, along bit depth direction, in data space
Piecemeal is carried out from low level to a high position, the bit depth of data is equal to 8 bits after piecemeal, and the part less than 8 bits mends 0 in a high position.
8. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The S12. is regarded
Frequency coding compression step, is lossy compression or lossless compression.
9. the compression method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The S12. is regarded
Frequency coding compression step, is calculated, or accelerated using GPU using CPU.
10. a kind of read method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S21. input needs the coordinate range of the data read；
S22. the Video coding file set for needing to read is calculated according to coordinate range, and obtains the Video coding file set
It closes；
S23. video is carried out to the Video coding file set to decode to obtain the identical three-dimensional data fritter of multiple sizes；
S24. the three-dimensional data fritter is read into memory headroom, it is small to the multiple three-dimensional data in memory headroom
Block is spliced and is cut, and the magnanimity space three-dimensional image data of required coordinate range is finally obtained.
11. a kind of read method of magnanimity space three-dimensional image data according to claim 10, it is characterised in that：It is described
S23. it carries out video to the Video coding file set to decode to obtain the identical three-dimensional data fritter of multiple sizes, uses CPU
Calculate or is accelerated using GPU.
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