CN108512254A - A kind of energy internet photovoltaic generation micro-grid system - Google Patents
A kind of energy internet photovoltaic generation micro-grid system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108512254A CN108512254A CN201810484914.8A CN201810484914A CN108512254A CN 108512254 A CN108512254 A CN 108512254A CN 201810484914 A CN201810484914 A CN 201810484914A CN 108512254 A CN108512254 A CN 108512254A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of energy internet photovoltaic generation micro-grid system, belongs to generation of electricity by new energy and microgrid field.The present invention can increase the power supply reliability of system compared to the off-grid micro-grid system of tradition, and can reduce influence of this system to power grid with energy-storage units.The present invention is made of photovoltaic battery panel, MPPT controller, energy storage battery group, inverter, DC load.The micro-grid system of the present invention is the system that is incorporated into the power networks with energy storage capacity, has the ability for adjusting grid-connected active power and reactive power distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to generations of electricity by new energy and microgrid field, and in particular to the research of micro-grid system and its control algolithm.
Background technology
The most commonly used application of distributed photovoltaic power generation system at present is the photovoltaic system that big city is mounted on roof.It should
Using being a kind of important means of the people using solar energy, it is generally connected into public electric wire net, to power consumer together with public electric wire net
Power supply.Either concentration supply power or distributed power supply, it is necessary to ensure the power quality and power supply reliability of power supply.And by
The reasons such as change are easy in illumination condition, off-grid photovoltaic power generation system output power is unstable can not to be ensured to continue to meet to supply
Electricity demanding.By distributed photovoltaic power generation system access power grid, can in photovoltaic generation output power deficiency power grid as standby
Remaining capacity can be connected to the grid by power supply, when low power consumption, realize the maximization of using energy source.But distributed photovoltaic is sent out
Electric system is a uncontrollable power supply for bulk power grid, and generating electricity, it is serious to be influenced by time, weather, and output power is not
The features such as stablizing, is all unfavorable for the regulation and control operation of power grid, while can also influence the power quality of power grid.So distributed nowadays
When photovoltaic generating system flourishes and is gradually used widely, how preferably to merge it with bulk power grid becomes one
The research topic of a hot topic.Micro-grid system based on photovoltaic generation is exactly the electricity consumption consumption and inverse by photovoltaic generation, energy-storage units
Become grid-connected and be combined into an entirety, by the analysis and processing of controller, had not only ensured the power supply reliability of power load, but also can lead to
The energy-storage units in system are crossed, the degree of dependence to power grid is reduced, reduce the adverse effect to power grid.How micro-grid system to be melted
Entering bulk power grid becomes the much-talked-about topic of current microgrid control research field.
Invention content
In view of the above technology the problem of, the present invention propose that one kind can control energy and be flowed in each unit, root
According to the selectively grid-connected micro-grid system of power demand.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention, which adopts the following technical scheme that, is achieved：
System is specifically divided into following four kinds of working condition (hereinafter, PPVIndicate photovoltaic battery panel output power, PLIt indicates
Load consuming power, PFIndicate accumulator group discharge power, PXIndicate battery charging power)：
Working condition 1.1：PPV-PL<PXmax, meet the maximum charge work(that the dump energy after load is less than accumulator group
Rate, and the electricity underfill of accumulator group, remaining capacity will be completely used for as battery charging.
Working condition 1.2：PPV-PL>PXmax, meet the maximum charge work(that the dump energy after load is more than accumulator group
The electricity of rate or accumulator group, which has been filled with controller, to be forbidden charging to accumulator, will have portion of energy to electrical grid transmission, due to mistake
How much no matter surplus energy can be absorbed, and photovoltaic battery panel need not exit maximum power point, to realize to clean energy resource
Fully exploitation.
Working condition 2.1：PL-PPV<PFmax, photovoltaic battery panel output power is insufficient for load power demand, causes
DC bus-bar voltage declines, but the discharge power of accumulator group can fill up this power notch, and DC bus-bar voltage is made to go back up to
Setting value.
Working condition 2.2：PL-PPV>PFmax, still cannot meet when accumulator group is powered to the load with maximum discharge power
The power demand of load causes DC bus-bar voltage to decline, at this moment dump energy (PL-PPV-PFmax) need to be filled up by power grid, this
When system in all units that can supply energy all power to the load.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the energy internet photovoltaic generation micro-grid system overall schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the operating mode schematic diagram of the micro-grid system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is output power oscillogram when photovoltaic array is disturbed in present system.
Fig. 4 is that present system starts to systems stabilisation working condition and accumulator group charge status figure.
Fig. 5 is accumulator group charge status figure when the present invention gradually decreases photovoltaic battery panel output power.
Fig. 6 be present system to three-phase power grid voltage imbalance when phasometer nomogram.
Specific implementation mode
One embodiment of the present of invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 gives the energy internet photovoltaic generation micro-grid system overall schematic of the present invention.It is sent out in distributed photovoltaic
In electric system, the source of the energy as system, photovoltaic battery panel will be irradiated on plank solar energy caused by sunlight and convert
It is the exclusive source of entire experimental system clean energy resource at electric energy.Since extraneous light environment is often subject to uncertain factor
It interferes, usually using Projecting Lamp illumination simulation environment in actual experiment.MPPT control algolithms need to undertake in different systems
Different functions.In off-grid system, when the output power of this element is more than load energy demand and energy-storage units maximum charge
When the sum of power, need to exit maximum power point to ensure the stabilization of DC bus-bar voltage, protection load and energy-storage units will not
Beyond rated operation；And in grid-connected system, since the energy for ensureing extra after DC bus-bar voltage is stablized can surf the Internet, I
Wish to make always photovoltaic battery panel to be operated in maximum power point and reach to utilize the maximum of clean energy resource.But maximum power point meeting
It is changed according to the variation with temperature condition with ambient light, so to be carried out in real time to the output voltage of photovoltaic battery panel and electric current
Control, to ensure that photovoltaic panel is operated in maximum power point under corresponding external environment.It is composed in series accumulator group with a few section accumulators,
Energy-storage units as system.Solar energy can not store, but can convert solar energy into other energy and be stored.In photovoltaic
Solar panel conversion solar can be negative on peak for after electric energy, batteries to store energy unit can store extra electricity in energy surplus
The energy of release storage when lotus is the important link for controlling DC bus-bar voltage and stablizing.In addition, energy-storage units can reduce distribution
Formula photovoltaic system and the direct of power grid contact, or receive the scheduling of power grid by controller, conditional to be charged or put
Electricity.In the present system, DC bus is connected with power grid using three-phase bridge type converter.Inverter can be by each switching tube
The control of duty ratio changes output terminal potential can also control grid-connected to control the frequency, size and phase of grid-connected current
Active power and reactive power.Control of this paper inverters without reactive power, i.e. grid-connected current survey voltage-phase phase with net
Same or 180 ° of difference, inverter can be operated in rectification state or be operated in inverter mode, with specific reference to DC bus
Voltage control module is determined to constant current, and duty ratio is given to control SVPWM.In the present system, DC bus play to
DC load provide electric energy effect, but more importantly in control system each unit power-balance effect.By real-time
The voltage value for monitoring DC bus coordinates to judge whether busbar has energy stacking or energy missing with to other cell voltages
The detection of current value is flowed between each unit in systems to control energy.
Fig. 2 gives the operating mode schematic diagram of the micro-grid system of the present invention.Work as PPV-PL<PXmaxWhen, after meeting load
Dump energy is less than the maximum charge power of accumulator group, and the electricity underfill of accumulator group, remaining capacity will be completely used for
For battery charging.Work as PPV-PL>PXmaxWhen, meet the maximum charge power that the dump energy after load is more than accumulator group,
Or the electricity of accumulator group has been filled with controller and forbids charging to accumulator, will have portion of energy to electrical grid transmission, due to surplus
How much no matter energy can be absorbed, and photovoltaic battery panel need not exit maximum power point, be filled to clean energy resource to realize
Separately hair.Work as PL-PPV<PFmaxWhen, photovoltaic battery panel output power is insufficient for load power demand, causes DC bus electric
Drops, but the discharge power of accumulator group can fill up this power notch, and DC bus-bar voltage is made to go back up to setting value.WhenL-
PPV>PFmaxWhen, the power demand of load still cannot be met when accumulator group is powered to the load with maximum discharge power to be caused directly
It flows busbar voltage to decline, at this moment dump energy (PL-PPV-PFmax) need to be filled up by power grid, it is all in system at this time to supply
The unit of energy all powers to the load.
Fig. 3 gives output power oscillogram when photovoltaic array is disturbed in system.Waveform is DSP to sampled light in figure
It lies prostrate the output current of solar panel and output voltage carries out long-pending calculating, the power waveform figure exported by D/A modules, in figure, horizontal axis
For time shaft, 20ms is per lattice；The longitudinal axis represents power, and 50W is per lattice.
When Fig. 4 gives system and is operated in working condition 2.1, photovoltaic battery panel, which is started to work, provides energy, and system is to work
Make the charge status of accumulator when state 1.1 and the conversion of working condition 1.2.This experiment selects 50 Ω to load, in figure：CH1
Channel is DC bus-bar voltage sampled value, and 5V is per lattice；CH2 is load current sampled value, and 1A is per lattice；CH3 is accumulator group charge and discharge
Electric current sampling data is, it is specified that discharge current is positive direction (when i.e. electric current is more than zero, the electric discharge of accumulator group), and 1.5A is per lattice；CH4 is
The calculated value of photovoltaic panel output power, 50V is per lattice；Horizontal axis is time shaft, and 5s is per lattice.When experiment starts, due to photovoltaic battery panel
There is no input coefficient, the electric energy of load consumption all from accumulator group, stablize in 60V, load electricity by DC bus-bar voltage
Stream keeps stablizing.When system operation was to the 6th second, photovoltaic battery panel is put into but Projecting Lamp illumination is all blocked, is slowly moved later
It opens shelter and increases intensity of illumination, with the increase of photovoltaic battery panel output power, accumulator group discharge current gradually decreases, when
When photovoltaic panel output power is more than bearing power, it is charge mode that battery current, which is less than zero-turn,.In whole process, direct current is female
Line voltage is slightly shaken, but kept stable.
Fig. 5 gives system and is operated in working condition 1.1, and photovoltaic battery panel output power is reduced, and system is to working condition
The process of 2.1 conversions, the same Fig. 3 of sample waveform ratio.As can be seen that photovoltaic battery panel is operated in maximum power when experiment starts
Point, while electric energy is provided to load and accumulator group, accumulator group is operated in charged state and plays stable DC busbar electricity at this time
The effect of pressure.When running to the 10th second, starts gradually to be blocked photovoltaic battery panel with shelter to reduce intensity of illumination, work as photovoltaic electric
Pond plate output power be insufficient to allow loaded work piece under rated condition when, accumulator group starts to discharge, and system is transitioned into work shape
State 2.1.
Fig. 6 give three-phase power grid voltage it is slightly uneven when the electricity of grid phase is tracked using double dq axis three-phase phase-locked loops
Net phase calculation value, phase calculation value are calculated by controller, and waveform as shown in the figure is exported by D/A conversion circuits, figure
In：Horizontal axis is time shaft, and 0.02 second per lattice；Longitudinal axis voltage is per lattice 1V.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of energy internet photovoltaic generation micro-grid system, it is characterised in that：By photovoltaic battery panel, MPPT controller, energy storage
The several module compositions of accumulator group, inverter, DC load, can make photovoltaic array always work at maximum power point, reach
The maximum of solar energy is utilized；There is energy storage link, it is possible to reduce the adverse effect that micro-grid system generates bulk power grid in system；
When the internal system energy cannot be satisfied load energy demand, three-phase bridge type converter is operated in rectification state, can increase confession
Electric reliability.
2. a kind of micro-grid system based on photovoltaic generation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Control algolithm can be right
Grid phase is accurately tracked, and grid phase also can be accurately tracked in the uneven even phase shortage of three-phase power grid voltage.
3. a kind of micro-grid system based on photovoltaic generation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：With DC bus-bar voltage
Target in order to control can control the flowing of energy between the various elements, and the control algolithm that inverter uses had made it both
Rectification state, which can be operated in, can also be operated in inverter mode, realize two-way flow of the energy between DC side and power grid,
Also the power supply reliability of micro-capacitance sensor can be improved while reducing adverse effect of the micro-grid system to bulk power grid.
4. a kind of micro-grid system based on photovoltaic generation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It can be according to power grid need
The phase for seeking control grid-connected current, to control the distribution of grid-connected active power and reactive power.
5. a kind of micro-grid system based on photovoltaic generation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：This system is to direct current mother
The control of line voltage uses voltage close loop control method, by DC bus given voltage Udc1With virtual voltage UdcSubtraction is done,
Voltage loop exports IrefThe control of given participation electric current loop as electric current loop, actually detected battery charging electricity in electric current loop
Flow I0As feedback, shutdown situation and duty ratio D are opened with what the output of electric current loop determined batteries to store energy unit switch pipe
Size.In the process, Voltage loop exports width of not limiting, electric current loop output setting amplitude limit value Imax, when having exceeded amplitude limit value to constant current
Prescribed limit ImaxWhen, batteries to store energy unit reads the maximum charge or discharge current of permission.It is defeated to Voltage loop in controller
Go out give constant current IrefWith regulation amplitude limit value ImaxIt does and subtracts operation, as a result as the given grid-connected current of inversion unit.System is real
When border is run, the switching of operating mode is it is possible that following several critical conditions：Photovoltaic battery panel output power is equal to negative
Carry rated power；Photovoltaic battery panel output power be equal to load rating power and the specified charge power of accumulator group and；Load
Rated power be equal to photovoltaic battery panel output power and accumulator group discharge power and.Due to there are error and computation delay,
When system is located at above-mentioned three kinds of critical conditions, the influence system of switching repeatedly of working condition in a short time may be caused
Stability.System stability reduces in order to prevent, this system to electric current loop be in 0, upper limit magnitude and when Lower Limit Amplitude this three
Kind situation carries out Hysteresis control, postpones several Machine cycles, if controller result of calculation still judges switch operating state,
System switch operating state.
6. a kind of micro-grid system based on photovoltaic generation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：System is specifically divided into
Four kinds of working condition (hereinafter, PPVIndicate photovoltaic battery panel output power, PLIndicate load consuming power, PFIndicate accumulator
Group discharge power, PXIndicate battery charging power)：
Working condition 1.1：PPV-PL<PXmax, meet the dump energy after load and be less than the maximum charge power of accumulator group, and store
The electricity underfill of battery pack, remaining capacity will be completely used for as battery charging.
Working condition 1.2：PPV-PL>PXmax, meet the dump energy after load and be more than the maximum charge power of accumulator group, or store
The electricity of battery pack, which has been filled with controller, to be forbidden charging to accumulator, will have portion of energy to electrical grid transmission, due to excess energy
No matter how much can be absorbed, photovoltaic battery panel need not exit maximum power point, to realize fully opening to clean energy resource
Hair.
Working condition 2.1：PL-PPV<PFmax, photovoltaic battery panel output power is insufficient for load power demand, causes direct current female
Line voltage declines, but the discharge power of accumulator group can fill up this power notch, and DC bus-bar voltage is made to go back up to setting value.
Working condition 2.2：PL-PPV>PFmax, load still cannot be met when accumulator group is powered to the load with maximum discharge power
Power demand cause DC bus-bar voltage to decline, at this moment dump energy (PL-PPV-PFmax) need to be filled up by power grid, it is at this time
All units that can supply energy all power to the load in system.
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| CN201810484914.8A CN108512254A (en) | 2018-05-20 | 2018-05-20 | A kind of energy internet photovoltaic generation micro-grid system |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110212587A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-06 | 国网四川省电力公司技能培训中心 | It is a kind of that method is utilized based on the photovoltaic provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other consumption |
| CN110336310A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | The control method of air-conditioning system and air-conditioning system |
| CN110380403A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-25 | 闽江学院 | A kind of direct-current grid multi-mode transition control method based on network delay compensation |
| CN110445177A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-12 | 闽江学院 | Photovoltaic inverting system control method based on switching observer control |
| WO2023000580A1 (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-01-26 | 漳州科华技术有限责任公司 | Energy routing control method and apparatus, and energy routing system |
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