CN108511893B - Dual-polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling - Google Patents
Dual-polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of dual-polarized antennas, and particularly relates to a multi-edge coupling-based dual-polarized antenna. The central rhombic radiating element is directly connected with the coaxial feeder line, so that probe feed is realized, indirect feed of the antenna is realized through four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiating elements, fan-shaped parasitic radiating elements and polygonal coupling between the fan-shaped parasitic radiating elements and the central rhombic radiating element, and dual polarization, circular polarization and multiband of the dual-polarized antenna can be quickly and conveniently realized by changing the size, the shape, the placing position and the angle of the fan-shaped radiating elements according to the requirements of customers. In addition, the antenna has the characteristics of low section, small size and convenience for flexible design, and can be installed in equipment such as a base station, a terminal and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of dual-polarized antennas, and particularly relates to a multi-edge coupling-based dual-polarized antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication business all over the world, convenience and rapidness are brought to the daily life of people. Now, the requirements of mobile communication are not limited to the transmission of voice signals, and the requirements of multimedia signals such as data, images, animation and video are more and more urgent, and the requirements of signal transmission quality are also higher and higher. With the development of microelectronic technology and the continuous improvement of cellular technology, mobile communication systems are continuously upgraded in capacity and quality, which puts higher and higher performance index requirements on base station antennas. When the base station antenna works in a complex mobile propagation environment, a mobile channel is often influenced by environmental factors such as terrain, temperature, humidity and the like, and radio waves are influenced in various aspects such as scattering, refraction and the like when being propagated in the air, and the aspects can generate adverse influence on communication quality. In order to share the resources of the existing base station, the new system is usually based on the existing system, and shares the same service area with the existing system, so that the number of base station antennas at the same base station position will be multiplied. The design of a high performance base station antenna having multiple systems and shared by multiple systems is receiving more and more attention, and some new base station antenna technologies are applied and developed. With the popularization of 4G communication technology and the explosive development of 5G communication, it is urgent to find antennas with wide spectrum and high efficiency of spectrum utilization. And with the continuous improvement of communication technology, multipath fading is an important problem which is inevitable and difficult to solve. To alleviate the negative impact of this problem, antenna diversity techniques have gained wide attention and application in various fields. Diversity techniques can be broadly divided into two broad categories, explicit diversity and implicit diversity. The explicit diversity is a diversity form such as space diversity and polarization diversity adopted in space, frequency domain and time domain, the implicit diversity is a diversity effect hidden in transmitted signals by using a signal design technology, and the polarization diversity is mostly used in the current antenna diversity technology. Recently, the Ministry of industry and communications has issued notifications to determine the frequency of the 5G fifth generation mobile communication in China, namely the working frequency band of 5G. The two operating bands of 5G are: 3300MHz-3600MHz frequency band and 4800MHz-5000MHz frequency band. However, the common antenna has been difficult to meet the requirement of high efficiency and high integration level in the current era, so that the multi-polarization working mode has received attention, and the dual-polarization antenna is being widely adopted by the communication field at the present stage as a novel antenna. The application of the dual-polarized antenna comprises frequency multiplexing, receiving and transmitting integration, polarization diversity and system sensitivity improvement, and if the dual-polarized antenna is applied to a base station system, the radiation power of the antenna can be reduced, so that a human body is prevented from strong electromagnetic radiation, and the research and design of the dual-polarized antenna have important engineering practical significance. In a dual-polarized antenna, a microstrip antenna has advantages of small volume, lighter weight, easy conformality, and diversified electrical properties, so the microstrip antenna is widely used to implement dual polarization.
Stevan Preradvic et al in 2014 "Novel Dual-polarized planar ultra wide band and Monopole Antenna" proposed a method of using a switch to realize Dual polarization, the Antenna has a port and a polygonal radiation patch, 3 chips are installed on a feeder line to be used as a switch, and two horizontal and vertical polarizations can be realized by controlling the state of the switch. However, the antenna has a large design size, and when a chip is used for realizing a dual-polarization design, a circuit needs to be etched on a dielectric substrate of the antenna when the chip is powered during a final physical test, so that radiation generated by current passing through the circuit has a certain influence on the performance of the antenna. Zhu et al put forward a way of implementing Dual polarization by orthogonally and vertically placing two antennas in a document Compact Dual-Polarized UWB Quasi-Self-Complementary MIMO/Diversity antenna with Band-Rejection Capability of 2016, wherein the antennas with Dual port feeding need to consider the isolation problem between the two antennas, and the antennas are decoupled by adopting a parasitic branch loading way, so that the antennas have better broadband, isolation and polarization characteristics. However, the size of such an antenna is large, which is disadvantageous for integration into various small-sized terminals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling, which is characterized in that a central rhombic radiation unit 2 is directly connected with a coaxial feeder 5 to realize probe feed, the indirect feed of the antenna is realized through the multilateral coupling between four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 and the central rhombic radiation unit 2, and in addition, according to the requirements of customers, the dual polarization, circular polarization and multiband of the dual-polarized antenna can be quickly and conveniently realized by changing the size, shape, placement position and angle of the fan-shaped radiation units.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a dual-polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a central rhombic radiating element 2, a folded fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-1, a fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-2, a fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-3, a fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-4 and a ground plane 4 arranged below the dielectric substrate 1, wherein the central rhombic radiating element 2 is directly connected with a coaxial probe 5, the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiating elements 3-1, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-2, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-3 and the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-4 are subjected to multilateral coupling with the central rhombic radiating element 2 through a gap between the central rhombic radiating element 2, and the central rhombic radiating element 2 is connected with an inner conductor 5 of a connector through the coaxial probe 5, the outer conductor of the connector is connected to the ground plane 4.
The central rhombic radiating unit 2 is directly connected with the coaxial probe 5 to realize probe feed, and the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiating units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 are in multilateral coupling with the central rhombic radiating unit 2 to realize indirect feed.
One of two sides of the fan-shaped of the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 is respectively aligned with four sides of the central rhombic radiation unit 2 in parallel.
The four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 are the same in size and shape, and dual polarization of the antenna is realized by changing the shapes and lengths of the 4 parasitic radiation units and the orthogonal arrangement among the 4 parasitic radiation units.
The four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 adopt a manufacturing method of bending and folding.
When the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 have a 90-degree difference in angle, the circular polarization of the antenna is realized.
The four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 realize the multiband of the antenna by the difference of bending angles and lengths.
The medium substrate 1 adopts a single-layer printing plate structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts coaxial feed and indirect feed of multilateral coupling of the radiating element, thus realizing the dual-polarized design of the antenna, and can flexibly and conveniently realize the circular polarization or multiband of the antenna according to the actual requirement. The invention adopts the single-layer printing plate structure, the section height of the antenna is low, and the coaxial feed structure is adopted, thereby reducing the influence of the coaxial cable on the antenna radiation. The dual polarization, circular polarization and multiband of the dual polarization antenna can be realized quickly and conveniently by changing the size, shape, arrangement position and angle of the fan-shaped radiation units. Meanwhile, the miniaturized design of the antenna is realized through bending and folding, and the antenna is low in section, small in size and low in cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a dual polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling;
fig. 2 is a side view of a dual polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a central diamond-shaped radiating element;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of any one of the four fan-shaped parasitic radiation units.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 4:
the invention relates to a multi-edge coupling-based dual-polarized antenna, which adopts coaxial feed and indirect feed of multi-edge coupling of a radiation unit, thereby realizing the dual-polarized design of the antenna, and flexibly and conveniently realizing the circular polarization or multi-band of the antenna according to the actual requirements. In addition, the antenna adopts a single-layer printing plate structure, the section height of the antenna is low, and the coaxial feed structure of the antenna reduces the influence of a coaxial cable on the radiation of the antenna.
A dual-polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a central rhombic radiating element 2, a folded fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-1, a fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-2, a fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-3, a fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-4 and a ground plane 4 arranged below the dielectric substrate 1, wherein the central rhombic radiating element 2 is directly connected with a coaxial probe 5, the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiating elements 3-1, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-2, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-3 and the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-4 are subjected to multilateral coupling with the central rhombic radiating element 2 through a gap between the central rhombic radiating element 2, and the central rhombic radiating element 2 is connected with an inner conductor 5 of a connector through the coaxial probe 5, the outer conductor of the connector is connected to the ground plane 4.
The central rhombic radiating unit 2 is directly connected with the coaxial probe 5 to realize probe feed, and the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiating units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 are in multilateral coupling with the central rhombic radiating unit 2 to realize indirect feed.
One of two sides of the fan-shaped of the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 is respectively aligned with four sides of the central rhombic radiation unit 2 in parallel.
The four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 are the same in size and shape, and dual polarization of the antenna is realized by changing the shapes and lengths of the 4 parasitic radiation units and the orthogonal arrangement among the 4 parasitic radiation units.
The four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 adopt a manufacturing method of bending and folding. The four fan-shaped parasitic radiation units reduce the size of the antenna by bending and folding, so that the antenna is smaller and more flexible.
When the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 have a 90-degree difference in angle, the circular polarization of the antenna is realized.
The four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 realize the multiband of the antenna by the difference of bending angles and lengths.
The medium substrate 1 adopts a single-layer printing plate structure.
The dual polarization of the antenna is realized by adjusting the shapes and the lengths of the folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 and orthogonal placement, the circular polarization of the antenna is realized by making the placement angles of the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 different by 90 degrees, or the multi-band of the antenna is realized by making the bending lengths and the bending angles of the four folded fan-shaped parasitic radiation units 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4 different.
The bandwidth and the resonant frequency of the antenna are determined by the length and the width of each radiating element, the coupling gaps between the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-1, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-2, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-3 and the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-4 and the central diamond-shaped radiating element 2, and the bending angles and the sizes of each fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-1, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-2, the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-3 and the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element 3-4. And facilitates low profile and compact design of the antenna.
The invention adopts multi-fold fan-shaped parasitic radiation units for multi-edge coupling feed, and adjusts the coupling gaps of the central diamond-shaped radiation unit 2, the fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-1, the fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-2, the fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-3 and the fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-4, and the bending angles and the sizes of each fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-1, the fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-2, the fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-3 and the fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit 3-4 to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna and the frequency bandwidth of the antenna by adjusting the size of each radiation unit. In addition, the antenna has the characteristics of low section, small size and convenience for flexible design, can be installed in equipment such as a base station and a terminal, and has wide application field.
It should be noted that other structures not described in the present invention are known in the art, and those skilled in the art can find relevant documents according to the names or functions of the present invention, so that no further description is provided. The technical means disclosed in the present embodiment is not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, and includes any combination of the above technical features.
Claims (5)
1. A dual polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling is characterized in that: the dual-polarized antenna comprises a dielectric substrate (1), a central rhombic radiating element (2) arranged on the dielectric substrate (1), a fan-shaped parasitic radiating element of a spiral structure and a ground plane (4) arranged below the dielectric substrate (1), wherein the fan-shaped parasitic radiating element comprises a first fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-1), a second fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-2), a third fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-3) and a fourth fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-4), the central rhombic radiating element (2) is directly connected with a coaxial probe (5), the first fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-1), the second fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-2), the third fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-3) and the fourth fan-shaped parasitic radiating element (3-4) pass through a gap between the central rhombic radiating element (2), polygonal coupling is generated between the central rhombic radiating unit and the central rhombic radiating unit (2), the central rhombic radiating unit (2) is connected with an inner conductor (5) of a connector through a coaxial probe (5), and an outer conductor of the connector is connected with a ground plane (4); the fan-shaped parasitic radiation units are respectively arranged on four edges of the central rhombic radiation unit; one of two sides of a sector in the first sector parasitic radiation unit (3-1), the second sector parasitic radiation unit (3-2), the third sector parasitic radiation unit (3-3) and the fourth sector parasitic radiation unit (3-4) is respectively aligned with four sides of the central diamond radiation unit (2) in parallel, and the length of the sector parasitic radiation units and the orthogonal placement among the sector parasitic radiation units are changed to realize dual polarization of the antenna.
2. A dual polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the size and the shape of the first fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-1), the second fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-2), the third fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-3) and the fourth fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-4) are the same.
3. A dual polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the first fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-1), the second fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-2), the third fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-3) and the fourth fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-4) adopt a manufacturing method of bending and folding.
4. A dual polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the multi-band antenna is characterized in that the multi-band antenna is formed by a first fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-1), a second fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-2), a third fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-3) and a fourth fan-shaped parasitic radiation unit (3-4) through different bending angles and lengths.
5. A dual polarized antenna based on multilateral coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the medium substrate (1) adopts a single-layer printed board structure.
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| CN108511893B true CN108511893B (en) | 2020-09-25 |
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| US8334810B2 (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2012-12-18 | Powerwave Technologies, Inc. | Resonant cap loaded high gain patch antenna |
| CN103703620B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2016-12-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Wideband dual-polarization array antenna and base station |
| CN204167480U (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2015-02-18 | 吉林大学 | Single trap UWB antenna that a kind of bent spurious element loads |
| CN104821427B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2018-02-23 | 董玉良 | INDIRECT COUPLING antenna element |
| CN204905443U (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-23 | 深圳市华颖泰科电子技术有限公司 | Circular polarization reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
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