CN108511801A - A kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes - Google Patents
A kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes Download PDFInfo
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- CN108511801A CN108511801A CN201810315555.3A CN201810315555A CN108511801A CN 108511801 A CN108511801 A CN 108511801A CN 201810315555 A CN201810315555 A CN 201810315555A CN 108511801 A CN108511801 A CN 108511801A
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- parts
- high safety
- safety type
- carbonate
- type battery
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to lithium battery material fields, particularly disclose a kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes.The high safety type lithium battery electrolytes, it is characterized in that, it is made of the material mixing of following parts by weight：55 75 parts of 5 25 parts of electrolyte lithium salt, carbonates and ether organic solvent, 0.5 20 parts of flame retarding function additive, 0.5 5 parts of anti-over-charging functional additive, 0 10 parts of other additives.Product of the present invention has highly effective flame-retardant effect and anti-over-charging effect, not only has good chemical property, and safety greatly improves, and has wider array of application prospect.
Description
（One）Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium battery material field, more particularly to a kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes.
（Two）Background technology
Lithium battery has the advantages such as operating high voltage, high specific energy, long circulation life, low self-discharge rate, pollution-free, uses extensively
In miniaturized electronics such as mobile phone, portable computer, digital products, and in electric vehicle（EV）With hybrid power vapour
Wide application prospect and powerful growth momentum are shown on the vehicles such as vehicle (HEV).However conventional liquid lithium-ion electric
Pond mainly uses inflammable organic solvent as electrolyte, easily leads to that lithium ion battery is on fire, explosion, restrict lithium ion battery to
The bottleneck that enlargement, energetic direction are developed.
To improve safety, the main fire retardant developed at present is phosphate（United States Patent (USP) US2005277027-A1）Make
For electrolysis additive, but these additives mostly have a high viscosity, low lithium salts solubility, relatively low flame retarding efficiency, as
Additive amount is limited.Battery performance especially cathode is influenced when this kind of additive amount is excessive very big.
Therefore, it is necessary to the lithium ion battery batteries of Development of Novel high flame retardant and anti-over-charging additive and electrochemistry good compatibility
Electrolyte solution.
（Three）Invention content
A kind of in order to compensate for the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides flame retardant effects and anti-over-charging effect good, chemical property
Good high safety type lithium battery electrolytes.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes, it is characterized in that, it is made of the material mixing of following parts by weight：Electrolyte lithium salt
55-75 parts of 5-25 parts, carbonates and ether organic solvent, 0.5-20 parts of flame retarding function additive, anti-over-charging functional additive
0.5-5 parts, 0-10 parts of other additives；The general structure of flame retarding function additive is such as（Ⅰ）It is shown, anti-over-charging functional additive
General structure is such as（Ⅱ）It is shown：
（Ⅰ）,
（Ⅱ）；
Wherein, R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8Optionally from alkyl, alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkoxy, phenyl, halogenated
One kind in phenyl, phenoxy group, halogenated phenoxy.
The present invention more excellent technical solution be：
It is described halogenated for part substitution or full substitution, halogen F, Cl or Br.
The electrolyte lithium salt is lithium hexafluoro phosphate.
The carbonate based organic solvent be cyclic carbonate or linear carbonate, ether organic solvent be tetrahydrofuran,
It is one or more in glycol dimethyl ether and 1,3- dioxolanes；Wherein, cyclic carbonate is ethylene carbonate, carbonic acid third
One or more in enester and gamma-butyrolacton, linear carbonate is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl
It is one or more in ester and the straight chain that carbon number is 3-5 or the carbonic acid ester derivative that straight chain fatty is synthesized with carbonic acid merely.
Other described additives are vinylene carbonate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, 1,3- propane sultones, 1,4- fourth sulfonic acid
Lactone, 1,3-（1- propylene）It is one or more in sultone, sulfuric acid vinyl ester.
The flame retarding function additive is at least one of following compound, wherein R1=R2=R3=R4=R5=F, R6=
C2H5O, i.e. chemical structural formula areOr R1=R3=R5=F, R2=R4=R6=C2H5O, i.e. chemical constitution
Formula is。
The anti-over-charging functional additive is at least one of following compound, wherein R7=F, R8= CH3, i.e., chemical knot
Structure formula is；Or R7=F, R8=OCH3, i.e. chemical structural formula is。
Compared with prior art, the present invention introduces novel flame retarding function additive and anti-over-charging functional additive simultaneously,
The electrolyte for being has the effect of good anti-over-charging and not so, and then achievees the purpose that promote lithium battery security performance.
Product of the present invention has highly effective flame-retardant effect and anti-over-charging effect, not only has good chemical property, and pacify
Full property greatly improves, and has wider array of application prospect.
（Four）Specific implementation mode
To better understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described further.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can
To be combined with each other.
The present invention illustrates the composition composition of 30 kinds of flame-retardant electrolyte solutions and each electrolyte solution self-extinguishing time
The lithium battery of test data and each electrolyte solution of use tests phenomenon in 3C, 10V constant pressure test over-charging, refers to following table
1。
In upper table, flame-retardant additive C1 is, C2 is；It is anti-
Overcharging additive D1 is, D2 is。
As seen from the above-described embodiment, while the non-water power of novel flame-retardant functional additive and anti-over-charging additive is added to
Electrolyte solution has good anti-over-charging and flame retardant property, can improve the security performance of lithium battery.It can be applied to lithium-ion electric
Chi Zhong.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not that the invention has other forms of limitations, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
It imitates embodiment and is applied to other fields, but it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention
To any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling made by above example, the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention is still fallen within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes, it is characterized in that, it is made of the material mixing of following parts by weight：Electrolyte lithium
55-75 parts of 5-25 parts of salt, carbonates and ether organic solvent, 0.5-20 parts of flame retarding function additive, the addition of anti-over-charging function
0.5-5 parts of agent, 0-10 parts of other additives；The general structure of flame retarding function additive is such as（Ⅰ）It is shown, anti-over-charging functional additive
General structure such as（Ⅱ）It is shown：（Ⅰ）,（Ⅱ）；Wherein,
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8Optionally from alkyl, alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkoxy, phenyl, halogenophenyl, benzene oxygen
One kind in base, halogenated phenoxy.
2. high safety type battery electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described halogenated for part substitution or complete
Substitution, halogen F, Cl or Br.
3. high safety type battery electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The electrolyte lithium salt is hexafluoro phosphorus
Sour lithium.
4. high safety type battery electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The carbonate based organic solvent is
Cyclic carbonate or linear carbonate, ether organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether and 1, in 3- dioxolanes
It is one or more.
5. high safety type battery electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Other described additives are that carbonic acid is sub-
Vinyl acetate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, 1,3- propane sultones, 1,4- butyl sultones, 1,3-（1- propylene）Sultone, sulfuric acid second
It is one or more in enester.
6. high safety type battery electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flame retarding function additive be with
At least one of lower compound, wherein R1=R2=R3=R4=R5=F, R6=C2H5O or R1=R3=R5=F, R2=R4=R6=C2H5O。
7. high safety type battery electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anti-over-charging functional additive is
At least one of following compound, wherein R7=F, R8= CH3Or R7=F, R8=OCH3。
8. high safety type battery electrolyte according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The cyclic carbonate is carbonic acid second
One or more in enester, propene carbonate and gamma-butyrolacton, linear carbonate is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, carbon
One kind in acid methyl ethyl ester and the straight chain that carbon number is 3-5 or the carbonic acid ester derivative that straight chain fatty is synthesized with carbonic acid merely
Or it is a variety of.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810315555.3A CN108511801A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | A kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes |
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| CN201810315555.3A CN108511801A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | A kind of high safety type lithium battery electrolytes |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102651486A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-29 | 张智斌 | Lithium ion battery redox couple additive and lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN103208653A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-17 | 东莞新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery with nickel-based cathode, and electrolyte therefor |
| CN107437634A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-12-05 | 广东天劲新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ternary lithium electricity Overcharge prevention electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
| CN107507998A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-22 | 微宏动力系统（湖州）有限公司 | Nonaqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery anti-over-charging method |
-
2018
- 2018-04-10 CN CN201810315555.3A patent/CN108511801A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102651486A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-29 | 张智斌 | Lithium ion battery redox couple additive and lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN103208653A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-17 | 东莞新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery with nickel-based cathode, and electrolyte therefor |
| CN107507998A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-22 | 微宏动力系统（湖州）有限公司 | Nonaqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery anti-over-charging method |
| CN107437634A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-12-05 | 广东天劲新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ternary lithium electricity Overcharge prevention electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
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