CN108511704A - A kind of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of magnesium of sodium-ion battery substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material, chemical formula MgxNa3‑2xV2(PO4)3/C,0.05≤x≤0.2.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned positive electrode, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium metavanadate, sodium carbonate, magnesia, citric acid are added to the water and are stirred first, left and right water-bath is stirred continuously until gel under 70 degrees Celsius again, gained blue gel is dried and grinds to obtain powder precursor, sodium-ion battery positive electrode is obtained after which is calcined 5 15 hours under 700 900 degrees Celsius of reducing atmospheres.The sodium-ion battery positive material that the present invention obtains has shown higher specific discharge capacity and good cycle performance, has preferable application prospect in the sodium electricity energy-storage system in future.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to materialogy fields, are related to a kind of sodium-ion battery positive material, specifically a kind of sodium ion
Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of battery and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The storage and conversion of energy are closely bound up with human society, in the past few decades, lithium ion battery extensive use
It is small to arrive electric vehicle, bus etc. greatly to portable electronic device in the every field of global range, achieve the hair being exceedingly fast
Exhibition.But due to the shortage of lithium resource, big demand is so measured to it result in lithium source price and rise steadily, this serious limit
Application of the lithium ion battery in extensive energy storage field is made.And sodium and lithium have a similar physicochemical properties, and sodium from
Sub- battery is close with the operation principle of lithium ion battery, and sodium source blazons and is distributed in the earth's crust and seawater that (reserves are lithium sources
430 times), therefore it is easy to obtain, it is of low cost, the application in extensive energy storage field is more met than lithium ion battery.
Vanadium phosphate sodium has stabilization sodium superionic conductors (NASICON) structure that a kind of three-dimensional opens frame, and by VO6, PO4
The lantern structure that group alternately forms can allow material that can keep stable in charge and discharge process by it, possess higher electric discharge
Platform and service life are excellent sodium-ion battery positive materials.
But vanadium phosphate sodium material has lower electronic conductivity as the LiFePO 4 material of olivine structural
And therefore ion mobility carries out vanadium phosphate sodium material the regulation and control of structure and ingredient, by ionic compartmentation in material structure
Defect is generated in inside, ion mobility and electronic conductivity can be improved, to reach excellent chemical property.
Invention content
For above-mentioned technical problem in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of magnesium of sodium-ion battery to replace phosphoric acid
The magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon of vanadium sodium/carbon composite anode material and preparation method thereof, this sodium-ion battery is compound
The relatively low technical problem of the electronic conductivity and ion mobility of positive electrode.
The present invention provides a kind of magnesium of sodium-ion battery substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material, chemical formulas
For MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, 0.05≤x≤0.2.
The present invention also provides a kind of magnesium of above-mentioned sodium-ion battery substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode materials
Preparation method includes the following steps：
1) ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate of 131 parts by weight, the lemon of 106~212 parts by weight are weighed
Acid is dissolved in deionized water, and stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) mixing that the sodium carbonate of 52~60 parts by weight and the magnesia of 0.73~3.05 parts by weight are added to step 1) is molten
In liquid, it is uniformly mixed；
3) mixed solution obtained in step 2) is moved in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, are obtained block-like solid, will be consolidated
Body is ground, and obtains the precursor powder of blue；
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain H applying2The H that percent by volume is 5%2/
It is calcined in Ar mixed atmospheres, be warming up to 350 DEG C first and keep the temperature 6h, be then warming up to 700~900 DEG C and keep the temperature 5-15 hours, drop
Vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon complex of sodium-ion battery positive electrode magnesium substitution is obtained after to room temperature.
Further, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.05, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 700 DEG C of calcining 5h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.05, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.05, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 900 DEG C of calcining 15h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=0.1,
The parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 15h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=0.1,
The parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 900 DEG C of calcining 5h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=0.1,
The parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 700 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=0.2,
The parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 900 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=0.2,
The parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 700 DEG C of calcining 15h in step 5).
Further, the chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=0.2,
The parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 5h in step 5).
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium metavanadate, sodium carbonate, magnesia, citric acid are added to the water and are stirred first by the present invention, then
Left and right water-bath is stirred continuously until gel under 70 degrees Celsius, and gained blue gel is dried and grinds to obtain powder forerunner
Body obtains sodium-ion battery anode after calcining the precursor powder 5-15 hours under 700-900 degrees Celsius of reducing atmosphere
Material.
Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material that the present invention obtains, particle is tiny, and primary particle size size is 200
Between~600nm, grain size small in this way can shorten migration distance of the sodium ion in material structure, the diffusional resistance of sodium ion
Reduce, better high rate performance and electrochemical stability can be shown.
Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material that the present invention obtains, due to being divalent magnesium ionic compartmentation monovalence sodium
Ion, and what magnesium occupied is the position of sodium ion, then just there is the sodium ion vacancy that equivalent is generated due to substitution, this has expanded sodium
The deintercalation channel of ion, improves ion mobility, is conducive to the big multiplying power discharging of material, reaches higher specific discharge capacity
With preferable cycle life, the application being suitble in sodium-ion battery energy storage field.
Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/more a height of 116.5mAh g of carbon composite anode material initial discharge specific capacity of the present invention-1,
Close to its theoretical capacity.Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of the present invention has longer cycle life, in high power
The cycle of charge and discharge 4000, capacity retention ratio 62.7% under rate current density 20C, have in the sodium electricity energy-storage system in future compared with
Good application prospect.
The present invention is compared with prior art, and technological progress is significant.The sodium-ion battery anode material that the present invention obtains
Material has shown higher specific discharge capacity and good cycle performance, has preferable application in the sodium electricity energy-storage system in future
Foreground.
Description of the drawings
The XRD spectrum of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of 1 gained sodium-ion battery of Fig. 1 embodiments.
Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of 1 gained sodium-ion battery of Fig. 2 embodiments is under 80,000 times
SEM schemes.
The electrochemistry of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of 1 gained sodium-ion battery of Fig. 3 embodiments
It can collection of illustrative plates.
Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of 1 gained sodium-ion battery of Fig. 4 embodiments in 20C electric currents
The chemical property collection of illustrative plates that charge and discharge 4000 are enclosed under density.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail by way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 158 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 56 parts by weight and the magnesia of 1.53 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 800 DEG C of heat preservation 10h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery
Vanadium phosphate sodium/the carbon complex replaced with positive electrode magnesium.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku
Rigaku it) is tested, the NASICON structures that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
(PDF card#97-024-8140) is corresponding and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification
Resulting materials are the Mg by raw material proportioning0.1Na2.8V2(PO4)3/C。
The sodium-ion battery material of above-mentioned synthesis is subjected to XRD and sem test：Such as Fig. 1, XRD the result shows that by
The Mg that magnesium ion substitution sodium position obtains0.1Na2.8V2(PO4)3/ C is pure phase；As Fig. 2, SEM show obtained Mg0.1Na2.8V2
(PO4)3/ C grain growths are ripe, and primary particle size is in 200~600nm.The sodium-ion battery material of above-mentioned synthesis is assembled into sodium half
Battery carries out electrochemical property test：Such as Fig. 3, synthesized sodium-ion battery positive material first circle charge specific capacity at 0.5C
For 120mAh g-1, specific discharge capacity is 116.5mAh g-1(theoretical specific capacity 117.6mAh g-1), coulombic efficiency is up to 97%；
Such as Fig. 4, synthesized sodium-ion battery positive material first circle electric discharge 78.7mAh g under the big multiplying power electric currents of 20C-1, cycle 4000
Electric discharge 49.4mAh g are remained to after secondary-1, capacity retention ratio 62.7%, average often enclose only lose 0.009%.Synthesized by the present invention
Magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material be pure phase, initial discharge specific capacity is high, and cycle performance is excellent, is suitble to
It is applied in the sodium electricity energy-storage system in future.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 106 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 58 parts by weight and the magnesia of 0.76 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 700 DEG C of heat preservation 5h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery use
Vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon complex of positive electrode magnesium substitution.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku Rigaku)
It is tested, the NASICON structures (PDF that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
Card#97-024-8140 it) corresponds to and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification gained material
Material is by the Mg of raw material proportioning0.05Na2.9V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 158 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 58 parts by weight and the magnesia of 0.76 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 800 DEG C of heat preservation 10h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery
Vanadium phosphate sodium/the carbon complex replaced with positive electrode magnesium.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku
Rigaku it) is tested, the NASICON structures that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
(PDF card#97-024-8140) is corresponding and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification
Resulting materials are the Mg by raw material proportioning0.05Na2.9V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 212 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 58 parts by weight and the magnesia of 0.76 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 900 DEG C of heat preservation 15h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery
Vanadium phosphate sodium/the carbon complex replaced with positive electrode magnesium.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku
Rigaku it) is tested, the NASICON structures that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
(PDF card#97-024-8140) is corresponding and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification
Resulting materials are the Mg by raw material proportioning0.05Na2.9V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 158 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 56 parts by weight and the magnesia of 1.53 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 700 DEG C of heat preservation 15h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery
Vanadium phosphate sodium/the carbon complex replaced with positive electrode magnesium.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku
Rigaku it) is tested, the NASICON structures that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
(PDF card#97-024-8140) is corresponding and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification
Resulting materials are the Mg by raw material proportioning0.1Na2.8V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 212 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 56 parts by weight and the magnesia of 1.53 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 800 DEG C of heat preservation 5h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery use
Vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon complex of positive electrode magnesium substitution.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku Rigaku)
It is tested, the NASICON structures (PDF that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
Card#97-024-8140 it) corresponds to and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification gained material
Material is by the Mg of raw material proportioning0.1Na2.8V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 106 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 56 parts by weight and the magnesia of 1.53 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 900 DEG C of heat preservation 10h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery
Vanadium phosphate sodium/the carbon complex replaced with positive electrode magnesium.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku
Rigaku it) is tested, the NASICON structures that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
(PDF card#97-024-8140) is corresponding and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification
Resulting materials are the Mg by raw material proportioning0.1Na2.8V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 8
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 212 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 52 parts by weight and the magnesia of 3.05 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 700 DEG C of heat preservation 10h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery
Vanadium phosphate sodium/the carbon complex replaced with positive electrode magnesium.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku
Rigaku it) is tested, the NASICON structures that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
(PDF card#97-024-8140) is corresponding and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification
Resulting materials are the Mg by raw material proportioning0.2Na2.6V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 9
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 106 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 52 parts by weight and the magnesia of 3.05 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 800 DEG C of heat preservation 15h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery
Vanadium phosphate sodium/the carbon complex replaced with positive electrode magnesium.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku
Rigaku it) is tested, the NASICON structures that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
(PDF card#97-024-8140) is corresponding and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification
Resulting materials are the Mg by raw material proportioning0.2Na2.6V2(PO4)3/C。
Embodiment 10
A kind of preparation method of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that
Raw material used in preparation process, is calculated as mass fraction, and composition and content are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Its preparation process specifically comprises the following steps：
1) weigh the ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, 131 parts by weight ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the citric acid of 158 parts by weight is molten
In suitable deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 52 parts by weight and the magnesia of 3.05 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1), stirring
It is uniformly mixed；
3) moves to the mixed solution obtained in step 2) in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, persistently stirs 6-
After 18 hours, the jel product of blue is obtained；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, and block-like solid is obtained, will
Solid abrasive obtains the precursor powder of blue.
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain 5%H applying2H2In/Ar mixed atmospheres
Calcining, is warming up to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6h first, is then warming up to 900 DEG C of heat preservation 5h, is cooled to room temperature to obtain sodium-ion battery use
Vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon complex of positive electrode magnesium substitution.Resulting materials utilize X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Rigaku Rigaku)
It is tested, the NASICON structures (PDF that diffraction spectrogram confirms after software (EXPGUI) refine with spatial group is R-3c
Card#97-024-8140 it) corresponds to and without apparent impurity peaks, thereby determines that magnesium ion in the occupy-place degree of sodium position, verification gained material
Material is by the Mg of raw material proportioning0.2Na2.6V2(PO4)3/C。
Claims (12)
1. a kind of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery, it is characterised in that：Its chemical formula is
MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, 0.05≤x≤0.2.
2. a kind of preparation side of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery described in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
1) ammonium metavanadate of 89 parts by weight, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate of 131 parts by weight are weighed, the citric acid of 106~212 parts by weight is molten
In deionized water, stirring is until it is completely dissolved；
2) sodium carbonate of 52~60 parts by weight and the magnesia of 0.73~3.05 parts by weight are added in the mixed solution of step 1),
It is uniformly mixed；
3) mixed solution obtained in step 2) is moved in water-bath, adjusts water temperature to 60~80 degree, it is small persistently stirs 6-18
Shi Hou obtains the jel product of blue；
4) gel obtained in step 3) is moved in baking oven, 70 DEG C are dried 12~48 hours, obtain block-like solid, solid is ground
Mill obtains the precursor powder of blue；
5) by the precursor powder obtained in step 4) in tube furnace, contain H applying2The H that percent by volume is 5%2/ Ar is mixed
It closes and is calcined in atmosphere, be warming up to 350 DEG C first and keep the temperature 6h, be then warming up to 700~900 DEG C and keep the temperature 5-15 hours, be down to room
Vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon complex of sodium-ion battery positive electrode magnesium substitution is obtained after temperature.
3. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that：The parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
4. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.05, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 700 DEG C of calcining 5h in step 5).
5. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.05, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
6. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.05, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：58 parts
Magnesia：0.76 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 900 DEG C of calcining 15h in step 5).
7. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.1, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 15h in step 5).
8. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that：The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.1, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 900 DEG C of calcining 5h in step 5).
9. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that：The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.1, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：56 parts
Magnesia：1.53 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 700 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
10. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that：The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.2, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：106 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 900 DEG C of calcining 10h in step 5).
11. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that：The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.2, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：158 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 700 DEG C of calcining 15h in step 5).
12. a kind of system of magnesium substitution vanadium phosphate sodium/carbon composite anode material of sodium-ion battery according to claim 2
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that：The chemical formula of sodium-ion battery positive electrode is MgxNa3-2xV2(PO4)3/ C, x=
0.2, the parts by weight of raw material used in preparation process are as follows：
Sodium carbonate：52 parts
Magnesia：3.05 part
Citric acid：212 parts
Ammonium metavanadate：89 parts
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate：131 parts
Controlled at 800 DEG C of calcining 5h in step 5).
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