CN108508348B - Device and method for detecting ground fault protection function of control circuit - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting ground fault protection function of control circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a control circuit ground fault protection function detection device and method, comprising the following steps: the system comprises a sampling module, a signal conditioning module, a processor and a ladder linear load circuit module, wherein the ladder linear load module comprises a plurality of power relays and a plurality of power resistors, and the resistance values of the power resistors are increased or decreased in a ladder shape; the processor is connected with the ladder linear load module and is used for controlling a plurality of power relays of the ladder linear load module to be sequentially closed to obtain corresponding grounding leakage currents when each power relay is closed, and judging and displaying whether the grounding fault protection function of the control circuit is normal according to the change trend characteristics of the grounding leakage currents. The application has the advantages of convenient operation process, suitability for large-scale application and popularization, direct collection of various signals, high measurement accuracy and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of circuit function detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting a ground fault protection function of a control circuit.
Background
In a low-voltage electric control system, a control circuit is generally formed by connecting buttons, various electric switches, protective electric appliance contacts and a control relay through wires, and the control circuit is mainly used for providing two signals of on-off for a main circuit by controlling the on-off of the relay in the circuit, so that the aim of automatic control is fulfilled. The ground fault of the control circuit refers to the phenomenon that the control circuit is connected with the ground wire (for example, a metal shell of the electrical equipment) due to the fact that under certain conditions, such as deformation of an electrical switch contact, failure of a conducting wire insulating layer, high ambient humidity, errors in maintenance and the like, the electrical switch contact or a circuit conductor in the control circuit is connected with the ground wire.
In a control circuit with a ground protection system, a ground fault can cause a short circuit, an overcurrent protection device in the control circuit to act or burn, and short circuit current formed in the ground process can also cause personal electric shock casualties and fire accidents. In a control circuit without a ground protection system, a ground fault can cause a control signal in the control circuit to be conducted through a ground wire, various electrical switches in the control circuit are short-circuited, and finally, a control relay is normally closed, so that electrical equipment is started to operate, and serious casualties are caused. The control circuit in the low voltage electrical control system needs to be provided with an effective ground fault protection function.
Detecting whether a control circuit of a low-voltage electrical control system is provided with an effective ground fault protection function has become an indispensable operation in the safety detection process of the low-voltage electrical control system. There are two methods for detecting the ground fault protection function of a control circuit known in the industry at present: insulation resistance method and analog grounding method.
Firstly, in the insulation resistance method, when the insulation resistance between the control circuit and the ground wire is measured, the corresponding test voltage on the insulation resistance tester is selected according to different voltage grades of the actual measured control circuit, so that the relatively accurate insulation resistance can be measured. The method has the defects that the method relies on the electric skill mastered by an operator, and the original grounding protection wire in the control circuit is required to be removed before the measurement is started, so that the structural style of the original circuit is changed. In addition, when the insulation resistance is measured, the used test voltage belongs to a high-voltage signal, so that sensitive electronic components in a tested circuit are easy to break down and burn out, and great loss is caused.
And secondly, simulating a grounding method, directly shorting a conductor of the control circuit with a ground wire by using a wire during testing, and judging whether the ground fault electric logic hidden trouble exists by observing whether the ground fault protection measure of the control circuit is effective and started in time and whether the control relay is closed. The method belongs to a loss test, and can cause the action or burnout of the original short circuit and overcurrent protection device of the control circuit or the control circuit main board, thereby bringing about unavoidable loss. In addition, uncontrollable current generated by short circuit in the test process is easy to cause personal electric shock casualties, and generated electric arcs and electric sparks are also easy to cause fire accidents.
Therefore, designing a safe and highly applicable control circuit ground fault protection function detection device is a problem in the art that needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a device and a method for detecting the ground fault protection function of a control circuit, which are convenient in operation process and suitable for wide-range application and popularization.
In order to solve the problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a control circuit ground fault protection function detection device, comprising: the system comprises a sampling module, a signal conditioning module, a processor and a ladder linear load circuit module, wherein,
the sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and is used for acquiring voltage samples and current samples and performing signal processing on the voltage samples and the current samples;
the signal conditioning module is connected with the processor and is used for calculating rated working voltage and rated working current of the tested control circuit and leakage current to the ground;
the step linear load module comprises a plurality of power relays and a plurality of power resistors, and the resistance values of the power resistors are increased or decreased in a step mode;
the processor is connected with the ladder linear load module and is used for controlling a plurality of power relays of the ladder linear load module to be sequentially closed to obtain corresponding grounding leakage currents when each power relay is closed, and judging and displaying whether the grounding fault protection function of the control circuit is normal according to the change trend characteristics of the grounding leakage currents.
Further, a display device is also included for displaying the current state.
Further, the sampling module includes: a rated operating voltage sampling circuit and a rated operating current sampling circuit, and a ground leakage current sampling circuit;
further, the rated operating voltage sampling circuit comprises a plurality of sampling resistors connected in series, and the following relation is satisfied:
wherein R is 10 、R 11 、R 12 、R 13 、R 14 For sampling resistance, V P1-P2 To control the rated operating voltage of the circuit, V v For sampling resistor R 12 And a voltage on the same.
Further, the rated operating current sampling circuit and the earth leakage current sampling circuit comprise a change-over switch, a metal foil sampling resistor and a control relay which are mutually connected in series, wherein,
the resistance value of the metal foil sampling resistor is 1 ohm, and the rated working current or the earth leakage current sampling circuit satisfies the following relation: v (V) i ＝R 1 X i=1000 x I (mV), where V i For sampling voltage, I is rated working current or leakage current to ground, R 1 Is a metal foil resistor.
Further, the signal conditioning module includes: the device comprises a differential signal amplifying unit, an analog channel switching unit, a Butterworth filtering unit and a true effective value converting unit.
Further, each of the power relays is closed for the same time.
A method of performing control circuit ground fault protection function detection, comprising:
1) Acquiring voltage samples and current samples;
2) The voltage sampling and the current sampling are sent to a processor for calculation after being subjected to signal processing, and rated working voltage and rated working current of a tested circuit are obtained;
3) The processor controls the power relays to be sequentially closed for the same time and then to be opened according to a fixed sequence, and simultaneously collects the grounding leakage current of the tested circuit corresponding to the closing period of each power relay, and judges whether the grounding fault protection function of the tested circuit is normal according to the step change characteristics of the grounding leakage current as the resistance value of the power resistor is in a step decreasing/increasing state.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The operation process is convenient, and the method is suitable for large-scale application and popularization.
(2) All signals are directly collected, and the measurement accuracy is high and reliable.
(3) The application is passive measurement, and the original control circuit components are not burnt out and damaged.
(4) The application is automatically and intelligently executed, and the measurement process is safe and controllable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detecting device according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a sampling module according to the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal conditioning module according to the present application.
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a ladder linear load module according to the present application.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the ground leakage current according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical scheme of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. It is noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary only for explaining the present application, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. The examples are not to be construed as limiting the specific techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or as per the specifications of the product. The components or accessories used are conventional products available commercially without identifying the manufacturer.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a control circuit ground fault protection function detection apparatus, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the detection apparatus of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, including: the device comprises a sampling module, a signal conditioning module, a processor and a ladder linear load circuit module, wherein the sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and is used for acquiring voltage samples and current samples and performing signal processing on the voltage samples and the current samples; the signal conditioning module is connected with the processor and is used for conditioning and calculating to obtain rated working voltage and rated working current of the tested circuit; the step linear load module comprises a plurality of power relays and a plurality of power resistors, and the resistance values of the power resistors are increased or decreased in a step mode; the processor is connected with the ladder linear load module and is used for controlling a plurality of power relays of the ladder linear load module to be sequentially closed to obtain corresponding grounding leakage currents when each power relay is closed, and judging and displaying whether the grounding fault protection function of the control circuit is normal according to the change trend characteristics of the grounding leakage currents.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a sampling module according to the present application, as shown, and the sampling module includes: a rated operating voltage sampling circuit and a rated operating current sampling circuit. Rated operating voltage sampling circuit R 10 、R 11 、R 12 、R 13 、R 14 Five precision sampling resistors are connected in series, wherein V P1-P2 To control the rated operating voltage of the circuit, V v For sampling resistor R 12 And a voltage on the same.
According to ohm's law, the sampling resistor R can be obtained by combining the actual resistance values of the sampling resistors in the graph 12 The voltage V above v And control circuit rated operating voltage V P1-P2 The relation of (2) is:
thus, according to the above relation, the measured sampling voltage V v The rated operating voltage V of the actual control circuit is obtained through conversion P1-P2 。
According to the rated operating voltage range of a control circuit in a common low-voltage electrical device, the following table numerical relationship can be obtained:
the rated working current sampling circuit comprises a change-over switch SW and a high-precision metal foil sampling resistor R 1 (resistance 1 ohm) and a control relay K 10 Is formed by serially connecting coils. When the change-over switch SW is closed, the relay K is controlled 10 The coil is electrically closed to work, and then flows through a high-precision metal foil sampling resistor R 1 And a control relay K 10 The rated working current of the coil is I.
According to ohm's law, the high-precision metal foil resistor R can be obtained 1 The voltage V above i The relation with the rated working current I of the control circuit is as follows:
V i ＝R 1 ×I＝1000×I(mV)
thus, according to the above relation, the measured sampling voltage V i And converting to obtain the rated working current I of the actual control circuit.
The ground leakage current sampling circuit is implemented similarly to the specific operating current sampling circuit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal conditioning module according to the present application, as shown in the fig. 3, where the signal conditioning module includes: the device comprises a differential signal amplifying unit, an analog channel switching unit, a Butterworth filtering unit and a true effective value converting unit. The front end of the differential signal amplifying unit is used for two output signals of the sampling circuit, the two output signals enter the signal amplifying unit in a differential input mode, the differential mode signals are amplified, the common mode signals are restrained, and finally the two output signals are connected to the analog channel switching unit in a single-ended output mode. The analog channel switching unit can timely and accurately switch to the analog channel to be tested according to the instruction sent by the processor, so that the purpose that multiple paths of acquired analog signals share one A/D analog-to-digital conversion interface is achieved, the utilization rate of the A/D analog-to-digital conversion interface is improved, and the cost of the analog signal conditioning circuit is reduced. The Butterworth filter unit is a 2-pole low-pass filter with turning frequency of 50 Hz, and can effectively limit the electrical noise of the analog signal. The true effective value conversion unit is mainly used for uniformly converting the alternating current and direct current analog signals processed by the front-end Butterworth filtering unit into direct current signals, so that the whole signal conditioning circuit is compatible with the alternating current and direct current analog signals at the same time.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a ladder linear load module according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the ladder linear load module comprises six power relays K as shown 20 、K 21 、K 22 、K 23 、K 24 、K 25 And a power resistor R 20 、R 21 、R 22 、R 23 、R 24 、R 25 A linear load circuit of six independent channels is formed. Wherein the power resistor R 20 、R 21 、R 22 、R 23 、R 24 、R 25 The resistance values of (2) are 5.1k, 1.5k, 1k, 510, 200 and 100 ohms respectively, and are in a step-down state, although a step-up state can be adopted.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for detecting a ground fault protection function of a control circuit, comprising:
1) Acquiring voltage samples and current samples;
2) The voltage sampling and the current sampling are sent to a processor for calculation after being subjected to signal processing, and rated working voltage and rated working current of a tested circuit are obtained;
3) The processor controls the power relays to be sequentially closed for the same time and then to be opened according to a fixed sequence, and simultaneously collects the grounding leakage current of the tested circuit corresponding to the closing period of each power relay, and judges whether the grounding fault protection function of the tested circuit is normal according to the step change characteristics of the grounding leakage current as the resistance value of the power resistor is in a step decreasing/increasing state.
Specifically, a sampling result V is obtained by a voltage sampling circuit v Then the change-over switch SW is closed, and the sampling result V is obtained by the current sampling circuit i Two sampling results V v And V i The sampling result is differentially amplified, butterworth low-pass filtered and truly effective by a signal conditioning circuitA series of analog signal processing such as value conversion and the like are finally input to an A/D analog-to-digital conversion interface of the processor;
the processor calculates and obtains the rated working voltage V of the tested circuit through a software algorithm according to the conversion relation of the formula P1-P2 And rated operating current I;
the processor then controls the power relay K in a fixed order 20 、K 21 、K 22 、K 23 、K 24 、K 25 The power relays are opened after being sequentially closed and maintained for 0.5 seconds, and the grounding leakage current I of the corresponding measured control circuit in the closing period of each power relay is collected simultaneously 20 、I 21 、I 22 、I 23 、I 24 、I 25 。
Because of the power resistance R of six independent channels 20 、R 21 、R 22 、R 23 、R 24 、R 25 The resistance of the circuit is in a step-down state from high to low, so that the circuit can be used for controlling the ground leakage current I of six independent channels 20 、I 21 、I 22 、I 23 、I 24 、I 25 To judge whether the ground fault protection function of the tested control circuit is normal.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the ground leakage current according to the present application, as shown in the drawing, when the ground leakage current I 20 、I 21 、I 22 、I 23 、I 24 、I 25 The incremental characteristic is obvious, and when any grounding leakage current value is larger than the rated working current I of the tested circuit, the grounding fault protection function of the tested circuit can be judged to be effective.
When the ground leaks current I 20 、I 21 、I 22 、I 23 、I 24 、I 25 The incremental characteristic is not obvious, and when the maximum grounding leakage current value is smaller than or equal to the rated working current I of the tested circuit, the grounding fault protection function of the tested circuit can be judged to be invalid.
When the ground leaks current I 20 、I 21 、I 22 、I 23 、I 24 、I 25 All the values are zero, the tested control circuit can be judged to belong to a non-grounding system, and the grounding fault protection function is invalid.
In summary, the device and the method for detecting the grounding fault protection function of the control circuit are convenient in operation process and suitable for wide-range application and popularization. All signals are directly collected, and the measurement accuracy is high and reliable. The application is passive measurement, and the original control circuit components are not burnt out and damaged. The application is automatically and intelligently executed, and the measurement process is safe and controllable.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art within the scope of the application, as well as variations in the detailed description and application of the application may occur to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a control circuit ground fault protection function detection method which is characterized in that the detection device comprises: the device comprises a sampling module, a signal conditioning module, a processor and a ladder linear load circuit module, wherein the sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and is used for acquiring voltage samples and current samples and performing signal processing on the voltage samples and the current samples; the signal conditioning module is connected with the processor and is used for conditioning and calculating to obtain rated working voltage and rated working current of the tested circuit; the step linear load module comprises a plurality of power relays and a plurality of power resistors, and the resistance values of the power resistors are increased or decreased in a step mode; the processor is connected with the ladder linear load module and is used for controlling a plurality of power relays of the ladder linear load module to be sequentially closed to obtain a corresponding grounding leakage current when each power relay is closed, and judging and displaying whether the grounding fault protection function of the control circuit is normal according to the change trend characteristics of the grounding leakage current;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
1) Acquiring voltage samples and current samples;
2) The voltage sampling and the current sampling are sent to a processor for calculation after being subjected to signal processing, and rated working voltage and rated working current of a tested circuit are obtained;
3) The processor controls the power relays to be sequentially closed for the same time and then to be opened according to a fixed sequence, and simultaneously collects the grounding leakage current of the tested circuit corresponding to the closing period of each power relay, and judges whether the grounding fault protection function of the tested circuit is normal according to the step change characteristics of the grounding leakage current as the resistance value of the power resistor is in a step decreasing/increasing state;
specifically, a sampling result is obtained by a voltage sampling circuitThen the change-over switch SW is closed and the sampling result is obtained by the current sampling circuit>Two sampling results->And->The sampling result is subjected to a series of analog signal processing such as differential amplification, butterworth low-pass filtering, true effective value conversion and the like through a signal conditioning circuit, and finally is input to an A/D analog-to-digital conversion interface of the processor;
the processor calculates the rated working voltage of the tested circuit through a software algorithmAnd rated operating current->；
The processor then controls the power relays in a fixed orderThe power relays are opened after being sequentially closed and maintained for 0.5 seconds, and the grounding leakage current of the measured control circuit corresponding to the closing period of each power relay is collected at the same time>；
Because of the power resistance of six independent channelsThe resistance value of (2) is in a step-down state from high to low, so that the leakage current can be reduced according to the grounding of six independent channelsJudging whether the ground fault protection function of the circuit to be tested is normal or not;
leakage current when groundThe incremental characteristic is obvious, and any grounding leakage current value is larger than rated working current of a tested circuit>When the ground fault protection function of the circuit to be tested is valid, the ground fault protection function of the circuit to be tested can be judged;
leakage current when groundThe incremental characteristic is not obvious, and the maximum grounding leakage current value is smaller than or equal to the rated work of the tested circuitMake current->When the ground fault protection function of the circuit to be tested is invalid;
leakage current when groundAll the values are zero, the tested control circuit can be judged to belong to a non-grounding system, and the grounding fault protection function is invalid.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising a display device for displaying the current status.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the sampling module comprises: a rated operating voltage sampling circuit, a rated operating current sampling circuit, and a leakage current sampling circuit to ground.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the nominal operating voltage sampling circuit comprises a plurality of sampling resistors connected in series and satisfies the following relationship:
wherein->For sampling resistance +.>For controlling the nominal operating voltage of the circuit, < >>For sampling resistance->And a voltage on the same.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the nominal operating current sampling circuit and the ground leakage current sampling circuit comprise a transfer switch, a metal foil sampling resistor, and a control relay in series with each other, wherein,
the resistance value of the metal foil sampling resistor is 1 ohm, and the rated working current or the earth leakage current sampling circuit satisfies the following relation:wherein->For sampling voltage +.>For nominal operating current or leakage current to ground, +.>Is a metal foil resistor.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal conditioning module comprises: the device comprises a differential signal amplifying unit, an analog channel switching unit, a Butterworth filtering unit and a true effective value converting unit.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the power relays is closed for the same time.
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| CN109270849B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-26 | 杭州鸿雁电器有限公司 | Safety early warning method under cooperative control of building electrical appliances |
| CN110333437B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2023-07-18 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Detection system and method for injection type stator grounding protection device |
| CN113900043B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2024-05-28 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Measurement system conduction and loop corresponding relation test equipment for spacecraft thermal test |
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