CN108507531B - Total station instrument high laser measurement system and use method - Google Patents
Total station instrument high laser measurement system and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108507531B CN108507531B CN201810346321.5A CN201810346321A CN108507531B CN 108507531 B CN108507531 B CN 108507531B CN 201810346321 A CN201810346321 A CN 201810346321A CN 108507531 B CN108507531 B CN 108507531B
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- laser
- total station
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- displacement sensor
- reflection cap
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to solve the problem of improving the high laser measurement precision of the total station instrument. The total station instrument high laser measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically installed at the center of a base of the total station instrument downwards, and the total station instrument high laser measurement system is characterized by further comprising a laser reflection cap, the upper surface and the lower surface of the reflection cap are spherical surfaces, the spherical curvature of the upper surface of a measurement mark is equal to that of the upper surface of the measurement mark, and when the laser measurement instrument is high, the reflection cap covers a spherical bulge of the measurement mark. The laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centering device and is connected with the total station host through a data line. The system has the following beneficial effects: 1. the laser reflection cap is used for covering the groove at the centering mark on the measuring mark, so that the error caused by the groove on the measuring mark to the laser ranging is eliminated; 2. the upper surface and the lower surface of the laser reflection cap are spherical surfaces, the laser distance measurement cannot be affected by the deflection of the laser reflection cap, the laser reflection cap does not need to be leveled, and the operation is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to the measurement of the height of a total station instrument.
Background
The height of the instrument is the vertical distance from a ground measurement control point for erecting the total station to the central point of the instrument dial. The high precision of the total station instrument directly determines the height of the coordinate to be measured and the precision of the triangulation height measurement, and the influence on the whole measurement precision is great.
(1) Steel tape measuring method
Most conventional instrumental height measurement methods. The height of the instrument is the vertical distance from the measurement control point to the center of the instrument dial, the direct measurement has errors due to the fact that the direct measurement is not a planar relation, and in addition, the measurement accuracy of the steel tape is not high.
(2) Measuring method of suspended height
1. The total station is erected at a distance from the measurement object, so that the vertical angle from the station telescope to the suspension point is less than 45 degrees. The height difference error deduced by the trigonometric function is larger if the vertical angle is larger. 2. A prism is erected at a reference point where the overhead point is projected onto the ground. Preferably, the line connecting the station to the ground reference point intersects perpendicularly with the direction of the suspended measurement object. 3. Entering a hanging height measuring program of the total station, inputting the height of the prism, aiming at the prism, pressing a measuring key, and observing the distance between the measuring station and the reference point prism. 4. When the brake of the telescope in the vertical direction is released, the instrument can display the height difference from the corresponding ground point to the suspension point along with the rotation of the vertical dial when aiming at the suspension point above the prism. The measuring method has complicated operation procedures, and errors mainly comprise laser ranging errors, trigonometric function errors and errors caused by introduced prisms.
(3) Laser measuring method
At present, there is a total station instrument height laser measurement system, in which a laser displacement sensor is vertically installed below a total station base to align with an above-ground measurement mark, so that the total station instrument height can be conveniently and quickly read. The method has the important problem that millimeter-scale errors caused by the grooves at the centering marks on the measuring marks to laser ranging are ignored. This is because, 1, when laser is centered, the laser center is shot into the groove, and the measured distance may be deep into the groove, not the distance to the top surface of the measurement mark; 2. the inside and the periphery of the groove are uneven, so that the direction of laser reflected light is disordered, the intensity and the quality of the reflected light received by a laser receiving end are poor, and great errors are brought to laser ranging.
The measurement precision of the measurement method is millimeter level, and the method is not suitable for occasions requiring high parameters of precise instruments. In order to meet certain high-precision measuring occasions of elevation, a high-precision, simple and feasible total station instrument high-measurement system and method are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of improving the high laser measurement precision of the total station instrument.
The total station instrument high laser measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically installed at the center of a base of the total station instrument downwards, and the total station instrument high laser measurement system is characterized by further comprising a laser reflection cap, the upper surface and the lower surface of the reflection cap are spherical surfaces, the spherical curvature of the upper surface of a measurement mark is equal to that of the upper surface of the measurement mark, and when the laser measurement instrument is high, the reflection cap covers a spherical bulge of the measurement mark.
The laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centering device and is connected with the total station host through a data line.
The upper surface of the laser reflection cap is made of white ceramic, and the body is made of a permanent magnet.
The laser reflection cap material is white ceramic.
The use method of the system is as follows:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on the sighting measuring mark is centered;
b. after centering, covering a laser reflection cap on the measuring mark to cover the centering mark;
c. the height of an instrument measured by a laser displacement sensor is read on a total station, the height of the instrument needs to be added with the thickness of a laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of a dial of the total station, and the two heights are fixed lengths of equipment.
The system is not only suitable for a total station, but also can be used for instruments such as a level gauge, a GPS and a prism, which need to measure the height, and has the following advantages:
1. the laser reflection cap is used for covering the groove at the centering mark on the measuring mark, so that the error caused by the groove on the measuring mark to the laser ranging is eliminated;
2. the upper surface and the lower surface of the laser reflection cap are spherical surfaces, the curvature of the spherical surfaces is equal to that of the spherical surface of the upper surface of the measuring mark, and when the laser measuring instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the spherical bulge of the measuring mark, so that the thickness of the laser reflection cap is equal everywhere and always keeps the same spherical center as the upper surface of the measuring mark, the deviation of the laser reflection cap can not bring errors to laser ranging, the laser reflection cap does not need to be leveled, and the operation is simple;
3. the upper surface of the laser reflection cap is made of white ceramic, and the material of the upper surface is the same as that of a standard surface set when the laser displacement sensor leaves a factory, so that the laser ranging precision can be ensured;
4. the laser reflection cap body is made of a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet has attraction force on the steel measurement mark, and when the laser reflection cap deflects, the laser reflection cap is also in close contact with the upper surface of the measurement mark, so that operation errors are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a total station instrument high laser measurement system;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a laser displacement sensor;
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a measurement mark;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a laser reflection cap in example 1;
fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a laser reflection cap in example 2.
In the figure: 1. the total station comprises a total station 2, a laser displacement sensor 3, a total station base 4, a laser reflection cap 5, a measurement mark 6, white ceramics 7 and a permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the total station instrument high laser surveying system includes a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, the laser displacement sensor is vertically installed at the center of the total station instrument base, and is characterized by further including a laser reflection cap, the upper and lower surfaces of the reflection cap are spherical surfaces, the spherical curvature of the upper surface of the reflection cap is equal to the spherical curvature of the upper surface of the surveying mark, and when the laser surveying instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the spherical bulge of the surveying mark.
The laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centering device and is connected with the total station host through a data line.
As shown in fig. 4, the upper surface of the laser reflection cap is made of white ceramic, and the material of the body is a permanent magnet.
The use method of the system is as follows:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on the sighting measuring mark is centered;
b. after centering, covering a laser reflection cap on the measuring mark to cover the centering mark;
c. the height of an instrument measured by a laser displacement sensor is read on a total station, the height of the instrument needs to be added with the thickness of a laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of a dial of the total station, and the two heights are fixed lengths of equipment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-3, the total station instrument high laser surveying system includes a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, the laser displacement sensor is vertically installed at the center of the total station instrument base, and is characterized by further including a laser reflection cap, the upper and lower surfaces of the reflection cap are spherical surfaces, the spherical curvature of the upper surface of the reflection cap is equal to the spherical curvature of the upper surface of the surveying mark, and when the laser surveying instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the spherical bulge of the surveying mark.
The laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centering device and is connected with the total station host through a data line.
As shown in fig. 5, the laser reflective cap material is white ceramic.
The use method of the system is as follows:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on the sighting measuring mark is centered;
b. after centering, covering a laser reflection cap on the measuring mark to cover the centering mark;
c. the height of an instrument measured by a laser displacement sensor is read on a total station, the height of the instrument needs to be added with the thickness of a laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of a dial of the total station, and the two heights are fixed lengths of equipment.
Claims (5)
1. The total station instrument high laser measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically installed at the center of a base of the total station instrument downwards, the total station instrument high laser measurement system is characterized by further comprising a laser reflection cap, the upper surface and the lower surface of the reflection cap are spherical surfaces, the spherical curvature of the upper surface of the reflection cap is equal to that of the upper surface of a measurement mark, when the laser measurement instrument is high, the reflection cap covers a spherical bulge of the measurement mark, and the measurement mark is provided with a groove for centering the mark.
2. The total station instrument high laser surveying system of claim 1, wherein the laser of the laser displacement sensor is a red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor doubles as a laser centering device, which is connected to the total station host via a data line.
3. The total station instrument high laser measurement system of claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the laser reflecting cap is white ceramic and the body material is a permanent magnet.
4. The total station instrument high laser measurement system of claim 1, wherein the laser reflective cap material is white ceramic.
5. Use of a total station instrument high laser measurement system, the total station instrument high laser measurement system being the total station instrument high laser measurement system of any one of claims 1-4, characterized by:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on the sighting measuring mark is centered;
b. after centering, covering a laser reflection cap on the measuring mark to cover the centering mark;
c. the height of an instrument measured by a laser displacement sensor is read on a total station, the height of the instrument needs to be added with the thickness of a laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of a dial of the total station, and the two heights are fixed lengths of equipment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810346321.5A CN108507531B (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2018-04-18 | Total station instrument high laser measurement system and use method |
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| CN201810346321.5A CN108507531B (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2018-04-18 | Total station instrument high laser measurement system and use method |
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| CN108507531B true CN108507531B (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109631836A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-16 | 山东省国土测绘院 | A kind of height of cloud base method for fast measuring |
| CN114141090B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-10-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Total station practical training simulation system for practical operation and virtual measurement |
| CN116972823B (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2024-03-26 | 湖南科技大学 | Measuring device for control point under flooding and use method |
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| JP3965593B2 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2007-08-29 | 株式会社トプコン | Surveying device centripetal position measuring device and surveying instrument |
| JP2003021514A (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-24 | Sangaku Renkei Kiko Kyushu:Kk | Machine height measuring device for surveying machine and surveying machine using it and machine height measuring method for surveying machine |
| JP4049272B2 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2008-02-20 | 株式会社浅沼技研 | Reference member for inspection master of optical 3D measuring machine |
| CN202329634U (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2012-07-11 | 成都普罗米新科技有限责任公司 | Measuring nail |
| CN203148424U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-08-21 | 罗江临 | Total station with function of automatic measuring of height of total station |
| CN106289078A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2017-01-04 | 余代俊 | A kind of total powerstation instrument high measurement method |
| CN106441249B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2018-11-20 | 东莞中子科学中心 | It is a kind of for the surveyor's beacon bracket of instrument high measurement and its application |
| CN206787490U (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-12-22 | 中国核工业第五建设有限公司 | Plane dual-purpose control point device and its measuring system of application |
| CN208671954U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-03-29 | 湖南科技大学 | The high laser measurement system of total station instrument |
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