CN108506418B - Multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber - Google Patents
Multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN108506418B CN108506418B CN201810662672.7A CN201810662672A CN108506418B CN 108506418 B CN108506418 B CN 108506418B CN 201810662672 A CN201810662672 A CN 201810662672A CN 108506418 B CN108506418 B CN 108506418B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/22—Compensation of inertia forces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/28—Counterweights, i.e. additional weights counterbalancing inertia forces induced by the reciprocating movement of masses in the system, e.g. of pistons attached to an engine crankshaft; Attaching or mounting same
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber which comprises an installation base and a plurality of vibration absorption units, wherein the vibration absorption units are uniformly arranged on the installation baseOn the periphery of the seat, the base is connected with the equipment to be vibration-absorbed, and the natural frequency of each vibration-absorbing unit is fiThe vibration frequency of the equipment to be vibrated is f0，f0‑2Hz≤fi≤f0+2 Hz. The vibration absorber of the invention processes a plurality of vibration absorbing units with close frequency into an annular whole, obviously improves the effective vibration absorbing bandwidth, reduces the proportion of invalid mass due to the sharing of the mounting base, and simultaneously, the vibration absorbing units are arranged annularly, has two-dimensional vibration absorbing capability in a plane and can effectively inhibit torsional vibration; the setting of the relation between the natural frequency of the vibration absorption unit and the vibration frequency of the equipment to be absorbed can ensure the vibration absorption efficiency and simultaneously expand the vibration absorption bandwidth, so that the requirement on more vibration absorption directions can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dynamic vibration absorbers, in particular to a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber.
Background
In vibration engineering, a vibration absorber is widely used as an energy absorbing device for suppressing single-frequency vibration caused by loads such as mechanical and pneumatic loads.
The conventional vibration absorber mainly comprises passive, active and semi-active components. The active and semi-active vibration absorbers can be tuned, so that the vibration absorption bandwidth is larger, but the system is more complex, the cost is higher, and the reliability is lower; the passive vibration absorber has the simplest and most reliable structure, low cost and wider application range, but the vibration absorbing bandwidth is narrower and is generally less than 1Hz, and particularly, the cantilever beam type vibration absorber has the advantages of smaller structural damping and narrower vibration absorbing bandwidth and can only be expanded in a limited way by the additional damping layer, so the vibration absorbing performance and the application range of the passive vibration absorber are limited. Taking an airborne device as an example, the propeller frequency of the airborne device varies by up to and down 5%, which exceeds the working bandwidth of the vibration absorber, resulting in its inefficiency in many operating conditions. The traditional cantilever beam type vibration absorber is usually connected by bolts, and the constraint boundary is easy to change in the vibration process, so that the natural frequency is shifted, and the vibration absorbing performance is reduced or even ineffective. Meanwhile, the traditional vibration absorber generally only has the vibration absorbing effect in one direction, if the vibration absorbing direction needs to be increased, the number of the vibration absorbers can be increased, and meanwhile, the installation direction of the vibration absorbers is changed, so that the effective mass ratio is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type wide-band vibration absorber with wide vibration absorbing band and multiple vibration absorbing directions.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multi-freedom-degree cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber comprises a mounting base and a plurality of vibration absorption units, wherein the vibration absorption units are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the mounting base, the base is connected with a device to be absorbed, and the natural frequency of each vibration absorption unit is fiThe vibration frequency of the equipment to be vibrated is f0，f0-2Hz≤fi≤f0+2 Hz. The natural frequency is also referred to as a natural frequency (natural frequency). When the object is free to vibrate, the displacement of the object changes according to sine or cosine law along with time, and the frequency of vibration is not related to the initial condition but only related to the inherent characteristics (such as quality, shape, material and the like) of the system and is called as the inherent frequency.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the vibration absorption units with close frequencies are processed into an annular whole, so that the effective vibration absorption bandwidth is obviously improved, meanwhile, the proportion of invalid mass is reduced due to the shared mounting base, and meanwhile, the vibration absorption units are arranged annularly, so that the vibration absorption unit has two-dimensional vibration absorption capability in a plane and can effectively inhibit torsional vibration; setting the natural frequency of the vibration absorbing unit and the vibration frequency of the apparatus to be vibration absorbed to f0-2Hz≤fi≤f0+2Hz, can expand the bandwidth of inhaling the vibration when guaranteeing to inhale the efficiency of inhaling like this, make it can satisfy more and inhale the demand in the direction of inhaling.
Further, the vibration absorbing units are at least 6 and are divided into three groups, wherein the natural frequency of the first group of vibration absorbing units is in the range of f0-0.4Hz≤fi≤f0+0.4Hz, the natural frequency of the second group of vibration absorbing units being in the range f0-2Hz≤fi≤f0-1Hz and the natural frequency of the third group of vibration absorbing units is in the range f0+1Hz＜fi≤f0+2Hz。
Further, the number of the first group of vibration absorbing units accounts for 35-50% of the total number of the vibration absorbing units, the number of the second group of vibration absorbing units accounts for 30-40% of the total number of the vibration absorbing units, and the number of the third group of vibration absorbing units accounts for 20-30% of the total number of the vibration absorbing units. Wherein the number thereof is an integer within the above-mentioned percentage range in consideration of the characteristic that the vibration absorbing units need to be calculated as an integer, for example, when the number of the vibration absorbing units is 8, wherein the range of the natural frequency of 3 vibration absorbing units is f0-0.4Hz≤fi≤f0+0.4 Hz; wherein the natural frequency of the 3 vibration absorbing units is in the range f0-2Hz≤fi＜f0-1 Hz; wherein the natural frequency of the 2 vibration absorbing units is in the range f0+1Hz＜fi≤f0+2Hz。
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the vibration absorber provided by the invention is provided with the plurality of vibration absorbing units with different frequencies, so that even if a certain unit frequency is deviated to a certain extent, the whole vibration absorbing effect is not changed obviously, and the reliability and the stability of the vibration absorber in the using process are greatly improved.
Further, the vibration absorbing unit comprises a cantilever beam and an end mass block, one end of the cantilever beam is connected with the end mass block, and the other end of the cantilever beam is connected with the mounting base.
Further, the cantilever beam include steel sheet and damping layer, the one end of steel sheet is connected with the tip quality piece, and the other end is connected with the mounting base, the damping layer is two-layer to be connected respectively on two sides of steel sheet.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the cantilever beam is arranged to be composed of a steel plate and damping layers attached to two sides of the steel plate, so that the damping ratio and the effective bandwidth are improved.
Furthermore, the end mass block comprises a main mass block and at least one adjusting mass block, the main mass block is connected with the steel plate, and the adjusting mass block is detachably connected with the main mass block.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the end mass block consists of a main mass block and an adjusting mass block which are connected through bolts; due to the need to adjust the natural frequency f of each vibration absorbing unitiArranged not to be exactly uniform, and the natural frequency f of which can be varied before use by varying the number and thickness of the adjusting massesi。
Further, the main mass block, the steel plate and the mounting base are integrally formed.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the integrated structure can avoid using bolted connection to reduce the influence of spiral shell link to natural frequency.
Furthermore, the adjusting mass blocks are steel sheets with different thicknesses and are used for adjusting the total mass of the end mass blocks so as to change the natural frequency of the single-degree-of-freedom vibration absorption unit.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the end mass block consists of a main mass block and an adjusting mass block which are connected through bolts; due to the need to adjust the natural frequency f of each vibration absorbing unitiArranged not to be exactly uniform, and the natural frequency f of which can be varied before use by varying the number and thickness of the adjusting massesi。
Furthermore, the cantilever beam, the main mass block and the mounting base are all made of spring steel.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the cantilever beam, the main mass block and the mounting base made of spring steel have the performances of pressure resistance, wear resistance and the like, the service life of equipment can be prolonged well, and the vibration life of the cantilever beam is prolonged.
Furthermore, the mounting base is a circular ring, the outer side wall of the circular ring is connected with the vibration absorption unit, and a mounting hole used for being connected with the vibration absorption equipment is formed in the circular ring.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the design of the ring shape is convenient for the positioning of the vibration absorption units outside the vibration absorption units during uniform distribution, and meanwhile, the through holes in the middle are lightening holes, so that the weight of the mounting base can be lightened while the effective operation of the equipment is ensured, and the loss of materials is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axonometric view of a multi-degree of freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cantilever beam interface of the vibration absorbing unit of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a main sectional view of the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the damping device comprises a mounting base, 2, a cantilever beam, 3, end mass, 21, a damping layer, 22, a steel plate, 31, a main mass, 32 and an adjusting mass.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figures 1-4, the invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber, which comprises a mounting base 1 and a plurality of vibration absorption units, wherein the plurality of vibration absorption units are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the mounting base 1, the base 1 is connected with a device to be absorbed, and the natural frequency of each vibration absorption unit is fiThe vibration frequency of the equipment to be vibrated is f0，f0-2Hz≤fi≤f0+2 Hz. The natural frequency is also referred to as a natural frequency (natural frequency). When the object is free to vibrate, the displacement of the object changes according to sine or cosine law along with time, and the frequency of vibration is not related to the initial condition but only related to the inherent characteristics (such as quality, shape, material and the like) of the system and is called as the inherent frequency. The vibration absorbing unit comprises a cantilever beam 2 and an end partA mass block 3, said vibration absorbing unit having a natural frequency of
k is the equivalent stiffness of the cantilever beam 2, and m is the sum of the equivalent mass of the end mass block 3 and the cantilever beam 2. The vibration absorption units with close frequencies are processed into an annular whole, so that the effective vibration absorption bandwidth is obviously improved, meanwhile, the proportion of invalid mass is reduced due to the shared mounting base, and meanwhile, the vibration absorption units are arranged annularly, so that the vibration absorption unit has two-dimensional vibration absorption capability in a plane and can effectively inhibit torsional vibration; setting the natural frequency of the vibration absorbing unit and the vibration frequency of the apparatus to be vibration absorbed to f0-2Hz≤fi≤f0+2Hz, can expand the bandwidth of inhaling the vibration when guaranteeing to inhale the efficiency of inhaling like this, make it can satisfy more and inhale the demand in the direction of inhaling.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the number of the vibration absorbing units is at least 6, wherein 35 to 50% of the vibration absorbing units have a natural frequency in the range of f0-0.4Hz≤fi≤f0+0.4 Hz; wherein 30-40% of the natural frequency of the vibration absorbing unit is in the range f0-2Hz≤fi＜f0-1 Hz; wherein 20-30% of the natural frequency of the vibration absorbing unit is in the range f0+1Hz＜fi≤f0+2 Hz. Wherein the above percentages are approximate values in consideration of the characteristic that the vibration absorbing units need to be calculated as integers, for example, when the vibration absorbing units are 8, wherein the natural frequencies of 3 vibration absorbing units are in the range of f0-0.4Hz≤fi≤f0+0.4 Hz; wherein the natural frequency of the 3 vibration absorbing units is in the range f0-2Hz≤fi＜f0-1 Hz; wherein the natural frequency of the 2 vibration absorbing units is in the range f0+1Hz＜fi≤f0+2 Hz. Therefore, the vibration absorber provided by the invention is provided with the plurality of vibration absorbing units with different frequencies, so that even if a certain unit frequency is deviated to a certain extent, the whole vibration absorbing effect is not changed obviously, and the reliability and the stability of the vibration absorber in the using process are greatly improved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the vibration absorption unit comprises a cantilever beam 2 and an end mass block 3, wherein one end of the cantilever beam 2 is connected with the end mass block 3, and the other end of the cantilever beam is connected with the mounting base 1.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the cantilever beam 2 includes a steel plate 22 and a damping layer 21, one end of the steel plate 22 is connected with the end mass block 3, the other end is connected with the mounting base 1, and the damping layer 21 has two layers which are respectively connected to two side surfaces of the steel plate 22. The cantilever beam 2 is arranged to be composed of a steel plate 22 and damping layers 21 attached to both sides of the steel plate, so that the damping ratio and the effective bandwidth are improved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the end mass 3 comprises a main mass 31 and at least one adjusting mass 32, the main mass 31 is connected with the steel plate 22, and the adjusting mass 32 is detachably connected with the main mass 31. The end mass block 3 consists of a main mass block 31 and an adjusting mass block 32 which are connected through bolts; due to the need to adjust the natural frequency f of each vibration absorbing unitiArranged not to be exactly uniform, the natural frequency f of which can be varied before use by varying the number and thickness of the adjusting masses 32i。
As a further aspect of the present invention, the main mass 31, the steel plate 22 and the mounting base 1 are integrally formed. The integrated structure can avoid using bolted connection to reduce the influence of spiral shell link to natural frequency.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the adjusting mass 32 is a steel sheet with different thickness, and is used for adjusting the total mass of the end mass 3, so as to change the natural frequency of the single degree of freedom vibration absorbing unit. The end mass block consists of a main mass block and an adjusting mass block which are connected through bolts; due to the need to adjust the natural frequency f of each vibration absorbing unitiArranged not to be exactly uniform, and the natural frequency f of which can be varied before use by varying the number and thickness of the adjusting massesi。
As a further aspect of the present invention, the cantilever beam 2, the main mass 31 and the mounting base 1 are all made of spring steel. The cantilever beam, the main mass block and the mounting base made of spring steel have the performances of pressure resistance, wear resistance and the like, the service life of equipment can be prolonged well, and the vibration life of the cantilever beam is prolonged.
As a further scheme of the invention, the mounting base 1 is a circular ring, the outer side wall of the circular ring is connected with the vibration absorption unit, and a mounting hole for connecting with the device to be absorbed is formed in the circular ring. The design of the ring shape is convenient for the positioning of the vibration absorption units on the outer side when the vibration absorption units are uniformly distributed, and meanwhile, the through holes in the middle are lightening holes, so that the weight of the mounting base 1 can be lightened while the effective operation of equipment is ensured, and the loss of materials is reduced.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber comprises a cantilever beam 2, an end mass block 3 and a mounting base 1, wherein one end of the cantilever beam 2 is connected with the mounting base 1, and the other end of the cantilever beam is connected with the mounting base 1.
The cantilever beam 2 consists of a steel plate 22 and damping layers 21 attached to two sides of the steel plate so as to improve the damping ratio and the effective bandwidth.
The end mass block 3 is composed of a main mass block 31 and an adjusting mass block 32, which are connected by bolts.
The installation base 1 is in a ring shape, the periphery of the installation base is connected with the cantilever beam 2, the middle of the installation base is provided with lightening holes, the upper surface of the installation base is provided with installation holes, and the installation base 1 is connected with the equipment to be absorbed through the installation holes.
The main mass block 31, the cantilever beam steel plate 22 and the mounting base are of an integral structure, and are not connected by bolts, so that the possibility of frequency deviation caused by bolt looseness is reduced.
The cantilever beam 2 and the end mass block 3 form a single-degree-of-freedom vibration absorption unit.
The adjusting mass block 32 is a steel sheet with different thickness and is used for adjusting the total mass of the end mass block 3 so as to change the natural frequency f of the vibration absorbing uniti。
The vibration absorption units are N (N is more than or equal to 6) and are uniformly distributed around the installation base 1 along the circumferential direction, and the natural frequency f of each single-degree-of-freedom vibration absorption unitiNot completely consistent, useThe frequency is changed by changing the number and thickness of the adjusting mass 32, and the frequency is distributed in the range of 2Hz above and below the vibration frequency f0 of the device to be vibration-absorbed, so that the vibration absorption bandwidth is expanded while the vibration absorption efficiency is ensured.
The natural frequency of the vibration absorption unit is
k is the equivalent stiffness of the cantilever beam 2, and m is the sum of the equivalent mass of the end mass block 3 and the cantilever beam 2.
The frequency of the vibration absorption unit is f0-0.4Hz≤fi≤f0The unit number in the range of +0.4Hz accounts for about 35-50%, and the frequency is f0-1Hz≤fi＜f0-0.4Hz and f0+0.4Hz<fi≤f0The number of the vibration absorption units in the range of +1Hz accounts for about 30-40 percent, and the frequency is f0-2Hz≤fi＜f0-1Hz and f0+1Hz＜fi≤f0The number of the vibration absorption units in the range of +2Hz accounts for about 20-30%.
The cantilever beam 2, the main mass block 3 and the mounting base 1 are made of spring steel, so that the vibration life of the cantilever beam is prolonged.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber is characterized by comprising an installation base and a plurality of vibration absorption units, wherein the vibration absorption units are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the installation base, the base is connected with a device to be absorbed, and the natural frequency of each vibration absorption unit is fiThe vibration frequency of the equipment to be vibrated is f0，f0-2Hz≤fi≤f0+2 Hz; the vibration absorption units are at least 6 and are divided into three groups, wherein the natural frequency range of the first group of vibration absorption units is f0-0.4Hz≤fi≤f0+0.4Hz, fixing of the second group of vibration absorbing unitsHaving a frequency range of f0-2Hz≤fi≤f0-1Hz and the natural frequency of the third group of vibration absorbing units is in the range f0+1Hz＜fi≤f0+2 Hz; the number of the first group of vibration absorption units accounts for 35-50% of the total number of the vibration absorption units, the number of the second group of vibration absorption units accounts for 30-40% of the total number of the vibration absorption units, and the number of the third group of vibration absorption units accounts for 20-30% of the total number of the vibration absorption units.
2. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type wide band vibration absorber according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing unit comprises a cantilever beam and an end mass block, one end of the cantilever beam is connected with the end mass block, and the other end is connected with the mounting base.
3. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber of claim 2, wherein the cantilever beam comprises a steel plate and a damping layer, one end of the steel plate is connected with the end mass block, the other end of the steel plate is connected with the mounting base, and the damping layer is formed by two layers which are respectively connected to two sides of the steel plate.
4. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber of claim 3, wherein the end mass comprises a main mass and an adjusting mass, the main mass is connected with the steel plate, and the adjusting mass is detachably connected with the main mass.
5. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type wide band absorber of claim 4, wherein said main mass, steel plate and mounting base are integrally formed.
6. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber of claim 4, wherein the adjusting mass is a steel plate with different thickness for adjusting the total mass of the end mass block to change the natural frequency of the single-degree-of-freedom vibration absorbing unit.
7. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type broadband vibration absorber of claim 4, wherein the cantilever beam, the main mass and the mounting base are all made of spring steel.
8. The multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam type wide band vibration absorber of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the mounting base is a circular ring, the outer side wall of the circular ring is connected with the vibration absorbing unit, and the circular ring is provided with mounting holes for connecting with the equipment to be vibration absorbed.
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| CN109268418A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-25 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of weather-proof durability all-metal multiple spot frequency-selecting vibration suppression structure |
| CN111435103A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-07-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bolt loosening self-power monitoring system based on piezoelectric vibration thin sheet |
| CN109723747B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2023-09-01 | 浙江大学 | Dynamic vibration absorber based on coupling rotating beam and vibration absorbing method thereof |
| CN111550514B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2022-03-15 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency dynamic vibration absorption method and multi-frequency dynamic vibration absorber |
| CN113464607A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-01 | 厦门大学 | Star-shaped tuning particle damper |
| CN114321275A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州东菱智能减振降噪技术有限公司 | Multi freedom vibration subducts device |
| CN114934980B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-11-24 | 广东美芝精密制造有限公司 | Vibration isolation assembly, compressor device, electrical equipment and vehicle |
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| CN102013837B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-08-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dandelion-like multi-directional broadband piezoelectric vibration energy collection device |
| CN202628930U (en) * | 2012-06-09 | 2012-12-26 | 刘石 | Frequency conversion condensate pump dynamic vibration absorber |
| CN103398138B (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2014-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Damping-rigidness-controllable double-freedom-degree vibration active control platform |
| CN106151341A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-11-23 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of multiple degrees of freedom dynamic vibration absorber |
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