CN108505975A - The fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit - Google Patents
The fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108505975A CN108505975A CN201710115807.3A CN201710115807A CN108505975A CN 108505975 A CN108505975 A CN 108505975A CN 201710115807 A CN201710115807 A CN 201710115807A CN 108505975 A CN108505975 A CN 108505975A
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- counterweight
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit, and the fast automatic adjustment method of the pumping unit includes：Step 1, gathered data calculates reduction gearbox output shaft torque；Step 2, according to up-down stroke torque peak difference situation calculated equilibrium degree；Step 3, judge whether the degree of balance goes beyond the scope；Step 4, judge to adjust direction；Step 5, adjustable range is calculated according to degree of balance size, the degree of balance is made to reach in setting range；Step 6, output control signal adjusts direction and adjustable range for counterweight.The fast automatic adjustment method of the pumping unit is not shut down adjustment, reduces operational risk, improved and adjust efficiency based on the pumping unit with motorized adjustment counterweight position, the data such as detection polished rod load, walking beam inclination angle, electrical parameter, realization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil field production beam pumping units, especially relate to a kind of fast automatic adjust of pumping unit and put down
Weighing apparatus method.
Background technology
Due to the characteristic of oil well, polished rod load difference is larger when beam pumping unit operates in upstroke and down stroke.Slow down
Case output shaft moves one week, and suspension point completes a jig frequency process.The four-bar mechanism of beam pumping unit makes polished rod load pass
It is delivered on reduction gearbox output shaft, the torque of formation also changes with rotational angle, causes to generate on reduction gearbox output shaft
Alternate torque, especially suspension point operate in stroke up and down, and torque difference is larger, the lack of uniformity of system operation to reduction box,
Motor, pumping unit etc. produce bigger effect, and reduce stability and the mechanical life of system.
Oil field production pumping unit generally use counterweight is poor to reduce reduction gearbox output shaft torque during uplink and downlink, leads to
The weight of the position or counterweight of overregulating counterweight makes pumping unit operation be in equilibrium state, keeps the load of motor, reduction box equal
Even variation reduces the harm that uneven torque generates pumping unit system.Production scene generally use motor current spikes method meter
The oil well degree of balance is calculated, manual shut-down adjustment, which is matched, focuses on the position on crank.There are balances to be unable to Primary regulation in place, adjusts
The problems such as qualification rate is low, and balance weight is easy to fall off during manual operation, and there are security risks, manual operation efficiency is low, stops well behaviour
Make influence oil well production.Thus we have invented a kind of fast automatic adjustment method of new pumping unit, solves the above skill
Art problem.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of based on the pumping unit with motorized adjustment counterweight position, and detection suspension point carries
The fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit of the data such as lotus, walking beam inclination angle, electrical parameter.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures：The fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit, the pumping
The fast automatic adjustment method of oil machine includes：Step 1, gathered data calculates reduction gearbox output shaft torque；Step 2, according to upper
Down stroke torque peak difference situation calculated equilibrium degree；Step 3, judge whether the degree of balance goes beyond the scope；Step 4, judge to adjust
Direction；Step 5, adjustable range is calculated according to degree of balance size, the degree of balance is made to reach in setting range；Step 6, output control letter
Number, adjust direction and adjustable range for counterweight.
The purpose of the present invention can be also achieved by the following technical measures：
In step 1, retarder output torque is calculated according to power input to machine and rotating speed：
Wherein：T1-- retarder output torque；
P-- power input to machines；
N-- motor speeds；
I-- retarder reduction ratio；
η -- retarder coefficient of utilization.
In step 1, retarder output torque is calculated according to oil well polished rod load, suspension point position：
Wherein：T2-- retarder output torque；
K1-- walking beam on pumping units forearm；
Arm lengths after K-- walking beam on pumping units；
P-- polished rod loads；
R-- throws of crankshaft；
QIt is bent-- crank weight；
The angle of α -- connecting rod and crank；
β -- walking beam and connecting rod angle；
-- the angle of crank and axis.
In step 2, reduction box up-down stroke torque is calculated, then calculates the average value of up-down stroke torque, then carry out
Weighted average obtains the torque of up-down stroke；According to up-down stroke torque peak difference situation calculated equilibrium degree：
Tupmax=bT1upmax+(1-b)T2upmax (4)
Tdownmax=bT1downmax+(1-b)T2downmax (5)
(1) as 0 ＜ d ＜ e
H=H0
(2) as d >=e
H=cH0+(1-c)H1
Wherein：Tup-- reduction box upstroke torque；
T1up-- the reduction box upstroke torque calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2up-- the reduction box upstroke torque gone out by motor power calculation；
Tdown-- reduction box down stroke torque；
T1down-- the reduction box down stroke torque calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2down-- the reduction box down stroke torque gone out by motor power calculation；
-- the angle that crank turns over；
-- the angle that upstroke crank turns over；
Tupmax-- reduction box upstroke torque peak；
T1upmax-- the reduction box upstroke torque peak calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2upmax-- the reduction box upstroke torque peak gone out by motor power calculation；
Tdownmax-- reduction box down stroke torque peak；
T1downmax-- the reduction box down stroke torque peak calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2downmax-- the reduction box down stroke torque peak gone out by motor power calculation；
A-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ a ＜ 1；
B-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ b ＜ 1；
C-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ c ＜ 1；
D-- up-down stroke peak torque differences and up stroke peak torque ratio；
E-- up-down stroke peak torque differences and the up stroke peak torque ratio upper limit；
H0-- the average torque degree of balance；
H1-- the peak torque degree of balance；
The H-- integrated torque degrees of balance.
In step 3, setting degree of balance lower limiting value h0, upper limit value h1；As integrated torque degree of balance H ＜ h0Or H ＞ h1When, it is right
Balance adjustment direction is adjusted, and flow enters step 4, otherwise enters step 1, acquires creation data.
In step 4, when there is underbalance situation, counterweight is moved far from reducer output shaft direction outward,
Increase trimming moment；When there is overbalance situation, counterweight is inwardly moved close to reducer output shaft direction, is reduced
Trimming moment.
In step 5, power of motor is subjected to Fourier transformation, according to polished rod load and the kinetic characteristic of counterweight, is calculated flat
Distance is adjusted needed for the counterweight that weighs, counterweight is once adjusted in place, and adjustment is not shut down in realization.
In step 5, the power curve of pumping unit is the function with stroke cycle consecutive variations, meets Di Lisili conditions,
It is launched into convergent fourier series；
(1) power of motor is subjected to Fourier transformation
Wherein：ω -- motor angular velocity of rotation；
P (t) -- motor instantaneous power；
Fourier transformation zeroth order sinusoidal component coefficient；
Fourier transformation n rank sinusoidal component coefficients；
Fourier transformation n rank cosine component coefficients；
(2) motor acting is that oil well hoisting system provides power, and when suspension point downlink, motor does work and driven simultaneously with suspension point potential energy
Dynamic balance weight rotates, and the power input to machine generated by balance weight is：
Wherein：ω -- crankshaft angular speed；
G-- counterweight total weights；
L-- balance weight radius of gravity center；
N-- reduction box reduction ratio；
η1-- electric efficiency；
η2-- the transmission efficiency of motor to reduction box；
According to formula (8), power of motor is after Fourier transformation, the coefficient b of single order sinusoidal component1It is as follows：
According to formula (9), the power of motor that Δ L is increased or decreased is moved in counterweight：
The single order sinusoidal component coefficient of Fourier transformation is enabled to lead to the sinusoidal coefficients phase of power of motor increment with changes in balance
Deng：
It is balanced displacement distance：
The fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit in the present invention is related to the beam type equipped with mobile counterweight and takes out
Oil machine, this method calculate balance of well pumping unit degree and judge that counterweight needs to adjust when the degree of balance cannot meet setting range requirement
Whole direction, calculated equilibrium counterweight need mobile distance.The fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit in the present invention, to subtracting
Fast case output shaft torque carries out two-way calculating, and average torque and peak torque are combined, and forms integrated torque and balances determining method；
According to polished rod load and the kinetic characteristic of counterweight, distance is adjusted using needed for fourier transform method calculated equilibrium counterweight, will be balanced
Counterweight is once adjusted in place；Adjustment is not shut down in realization, reduces operational risk, is improved and is adjusted efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a specific embodiment of the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
For enable the present invention above and other objects, features and advantages be clearer and more comprehensible, it is cited below particularly go out preferable implementation
Example, and coordinate shown in attached drawing, it is described in detail below.
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is the flow charts of the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit of the present invention.
In step 101, gathered data calculates reduction gearbox output shaft torque.Power input to machine, rotating speed are acquired, and outstanding
The data such as point displacement, load, reduction gearbox output shaft torque is calculated separately out using two methods.
(1) retarder output torque is calculated according to power input to machine and rotating speed：
Wherein：T1-- retarder output torque；
P-- power input to machines；
N-- motor speeds；
I-- retarder reduction ratio；
η -- retarder coefficient of utilization.
(2) retarder output torque is calculated according to oil well polished rod load, suspension point position：
Wherein：T2-- retarder output torque；
K1-- walking beam on pumping units forearm；
Arm lengths after K-- walking beam on pumping units；
P-- polished rod loads；
R-- throws of crankshaft；
QIt is bent-- crank weight；
The angle of α -- connecting rod and crank；
β -- walking beam and connecting rod angle；
-- the angle of crank and axis.
In step 102, calculated equilibrium degree.
Both the above method is respectively adopted and calculates reduction box up-down stroke torque, then calculates up-down stroke torque
Average value, then be weighted averagely, obtain the torque of up-down stroke.According to up-down stroke torque peak difference situation calculated equilibrium
Degree：
Tupmax=bT1upmax+(1-b)T2upmax (4)
Tdownmax=bT1downmax+(1-b)T2downmax (5)
(1) as 0 ＜ d ＜ e
H=H0
(2) as d >=e
H=cH0+(1-c)H1
Wherein：Tup-- reduction box upstroke torque；
T1up-- the reduction box upstroke torque calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2up-- the reduction box upstroke torque gone out by motor power calculation；
Tdown-- reduction box down stroke torque；
T1down-- the reduction box down stroke torque calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2down-- the reduction box down stroke torque gone out by motor power calculation；
-- the angle that crank turns over；
-- the angle that upstroke crank turns over；
Tupmax-- reduction box upstroke torque peak；
T1upmax-- the reduction box upstroke torque peak calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2upmax-- the reduction box upstroke torque peak gone out by motor power calculation；
Tdownmax-- reduction box down stroke torque peak；
T1downmax-- the reduction box down stroke torque peak calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2downmax-- the reduction box down stroke torque peak gone out by motor power calculation；
A-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ a ＜ 1；
B-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ b ＜ 1；
C-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ c ＜ 1；
D-- up-down stroke peak torque differences and up stroke peak torque ratio；
E-- up-down stroke peak torque differences and the up stroke peak torque ratio upper limit；
H0-- the average torque degree of balance；
H1-- the peak torque degree of balance；
The H-- integrated torque degrees of balance.
In step 103, judge whether the degree of balance goes beyond the scope.
Degree of balance lower limiting value h is set0, upper limit value h1.As H ＜ h0Or H ＞ h1When, balance adjustment direction is adjusted, is flowed
Journey enters step 104, otherwise enters step 101, acquires creation data.
In step 104, judge to adjust direction.
It is when there is underbalance situation, counterweight is mobile (far from reducer output shaft direction) outward, increase balance
Torque；It is when there is overbalance situation, counterweight is inwardly mobile (close to reducer output shaft direction), reduce equilibrant force
Square.Flow enters step 105.
In step 105, adjustable range is calculated.
Adjustable range is calculated according to degree of balance size, the degree of balance is made to reach in setting range.Specific practice is：By motor work(
Rate carries out Fourier transformation, according to polished rod load and the kinetic characteristic of counterweight, adjusts distance needed for calculated equilibrium counterweight, will balance
Counterweight is once adjusted in place, and adjustment is not shut down in realization, reduces operational risk, is improved and is adjusted efficiency.
The power curve of pumping unit is a function with stroke cycle consecutive variations, meets Di Lisili conditions, can be with
It is launched into convergent fourier series.
(1) power of motor is subjected to Fourier transformation
Wherein：ω -- motor angular velocity of rotation；
P (t) -- motor instantaneous power；
Fourier transformation zeroth order sinusoidal component coefficient；
Fourier transformation n rank sinusoidal component coefficients；
Fourier transformation n rank cosine component coefficients；
(2) motor acting provides power for oil well hoisting system.When suspension point downlink, motor acting is driven simultaneously with suspension point potential energy
Dynamic balance weight rotates, and the power input to machine generated by balance weight is：
Wherein：ω -- crankshaft angular speed；
G-- counterweight total weights；
L-- balance weight radius of gravity center；
N-- reduction box reduction ratio；
η1-- electric efficiency；
η2-- the transmission efficiency of motor to reduction box；
According to formula (8), power of motor is after Fourier transformation, the coefficient b of single order sinusoidal component1It is as follows：
According to formula (9), the power of motor that Δ L is increased or decreased is moved in counterweight：
The single order sinusoidal component coefficient of Fourier transformation is enabled to lead to the sinusoidal coefficients phase of power of motor increment with changes in balance
Deng：
It is balanced displacement distance：
Flow enters step 106.
In step 106, output control signal, predominantly counterweight adjusts direction and adjustable range.
Claims (8)
1. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit, which is characterized in that the fast automatic adjustment method of the pumping unit includes：
Step 1, gathered data calculates reduction gearbox output shaft torque；
Step 2, according to up-down stroke torque peak difference situation calculated equilibrium degree；
Step 3, judge whether the degree of balance goes beyond the scope；
Step 4, judge to adjust direction；
Step 5, adjustable range is calculated according to degree of balance size, the degree of balance is made to reach in setting range；
Step 6, output control signal adjusts direction and adjustable range for counterweight.
2. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1, according to electricity
Machine input power and rotating speed calculate retarder output torque：
Wherein：T1-- retarder output torque；
P-- power input to machines；
N-- motor speeds；
I-- retarder reduction ratio；
η -- retarder coefficient of utilization.
3. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1, according to oil
Well polished rod load, suspension point position calculate retarder output torque：
Wherein：T2-- retarder output torque；
K1-- walking beam on pumping units forearm；
Arm lengths after K-- walking beam on pumping units；
P-- polished rod loads；
R-- throws of crankshaft；
QIt is bent-- crank weight；
The angle of α -- connecting rod and crank；
β -- walking beam and connecting rod angle；
-- the angle of crank and axis.
4. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2, calculating subtracts
Fast case up-down stroke torque, then calculates the average value of up-down stroke torque, then is weighted averagely, obtains up-down stroke
Torque；According to up-down stroke torque peak difference situation calculated equilibrium degree：
Tupmax=bT1upmax+(1-b)T2upmax (4)
Tdownmax=bT1downmax+(1-b)T2downmax (5)
(1) as 0 ＜ d ＜ e
H=H0
(2) as d >=e
H=cH0+(1-c)H1
Wherein：Tup-- reduction box upstroke torque；
T1up-- the reduction box upstroke torque calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2up-- the reduction box upstroke torque gone out by motor power calculation；
Tdown-- reduction box down stroke torque；
T1down-- the reduction box down stroke torque calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2down-- the reduction box down stroke torque gone out by motor power calculation；
-- the angle that crank turns over；
-- the angle that upstroke crank turns over；
Tupmax-- reduction box upstroke torque peak；
T1upmax-- the reduction box upstroke torque peak calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2upmax-- the reduction box upstroke torque peak gone out by motor power calculation；
Tdownmax-- reduction box down stroke torque peak；
T1downmax-- the reduction box down stroke torque peak calculated by suspension point, counterweight loadometer；
T2downmax-- the reduction box down stroke torque peak gone out by motor power calculation；
A-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ a ＜ 1；
B-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ b ＜ 1；
C-- weighting coefficients, 0 ＜ c ＜ 1；
D-- up-down stroke peak torque differences and up stroke peak torque ratio；
E-- up-down stroke peak torque differences and the up stroke peak torque ratio upper limit；
H0-- the average torque degree of balance；
H1-- the peak torque degree of balance；
The H-- integrated torque degrees of balance.
5. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3, setting is flat
Weighing apparatus degree lower limiting value h0, upper limit value h1；As integrated torque degree of balance H ＜ h0Or H ＞ h1When, balance adjustment direction is adjusted, is flowed
Journey enters step 4, otherwise enters step 1, acquires creation data.
6. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 4, work as appearance
When underbalance situation, counterweight is moved far from reducer output shaft direction outward, increases trimming moment；When occurring putting down
When the situation that weighs, counterweight is inwardly moved close to reducer output shaft direction, trimming moment is reduced.
7. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 5, by motor
Power carries out Fourier transformation, according to polished rod load and the kinetic characteristic of counterweight, adjusts distance needed for calculated equilibrium counterweight, will put down
Weighing apparatus counterweight is once adjusted in place, and adjustment is not shut down in realization.
8. the fast automatic adjustment method of pumping unit according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step 5, pumping unit
Power curve be with stroke cycle consecutive variations function, meet Di Lisili conditions, be launched into convergent fourier series；
(1) power of motor is subjected to Fourier transformation
Wherein：ω -- motor angular velocity of rotation；
P (t) -- motor instantaneous power；
Fourier transformation zeroth order sinusoidal component coefficient；
Fourier transformation n rank sinusoidal component coefficients；
Fourier transformation n rank cosine component coefficients；
(2) motor acting is that oil well hoisting system provides power, and when suspension point downlink, motor acting drives simultaneously with suspension point potential energy to be put down
The block that weighs rotates, and the power input to machine generated by balance weight is：
Wherein：ω -- crankshaft angular speed；
G-- counterweight total weights；
L-- balance weight radius of gravity center；
N-- reduction box reduction ratio；
η1-- electric efficiency；
η2-- the transmission efficiency of motor to reduction box；
According to formula (8), power of motor is after Fourier transformation, the coefficient b of single order sinusoidal component1It is as follows：
According to formula (9), the power of motor that Δ L is increased or decreased is moved in counterweight：
The single order sinusoidal component coefficient of Fourier transformation is enabled to cause the sinusoidal coefficients of power of motor increment equal with changes in balance：
It is balanced displacement distance：
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109185109A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 王振东 | A kind of oscillation balance device for beam pumping unit and its application method |
| CN110094455A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The method and apparatus for adjusting balance weight |
| CN110094186A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-06 | 陕西安控科技有限公司 | A kind of balance of well pumping unit degree adjusting method |
| CN110725669A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-01-24 | 上海逸讯能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent balance adjusting method for beam-pumping unit and related device |
| CN111894552A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 石家庄爱科特科技开发有限公司 | Power method beam-pumping unit balance analysis appearance |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN110725669A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-01-24 | 上海逸讯能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent balance adjusting method for beam-pumping unit and related device |
| CN110094455A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The method and apparatus for adjusting balance weight |
| CN110094186A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-06 | 陕西安控科技有限公司 | A kind of balance of well pumping unit degree adjusting method |
| CN111894552A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 石家庄爱科特科技开发有限公司 | Power method beam-pumping unit balance analysis appearance |
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