CN108503133B - Advanced treatment process for livestock and poultry breeding wastewater - Google Patents
Advanced treatment process for livestock and poultry breeding wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
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- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/284—Anaerobic digestion processes using anaerobic baffled reactors
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process, which is divided into three stages of pretreatment, biochemical treatment and advanced treatment aiming at the water quality characteristics of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, wherein large-particle suspended matters are removed through chemical flocculation, refractory organic matters are converted into easily degradable organic matters through electro-oxidation denitrification and dephosphorization in three-dimensional electrochemistry, then the wastewater is introduced into a biochemical treatment system consisting of an ABR (anaerobic baffled reactor) pool and three sections of biological contact oxidation pools, and finally the effluent after chemical Fenton can meet the urban greening standard in urban wastewater recycling urban miscellaneous Water quality (GB/T18920-2002). As the high ammonia nitrogen wastewater, the invention does not consider a stripping process, and the ammonia nitrogen of the effluent can reach the standard only by organically combining the chemical treatment system and the biochemical treatment system according to the principles of electrooxidation and biological denitrification, thereby not only solving the problem that the effluent of the wastewater reaches the standard difficultly, but also achieving the aim of recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical and biological combined sewage treatment, in particular to a livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process.
Background
Nowadays, with the removal of pig farms all over the country, the breeding industry is facing a difficult environmental revolution, and the pollution of the breeding industry cannot be avoided. Taking pig raising wastewater as an example, the conventional sewage treatment process is roughly divided into two types, namely biogas slurry returning and advanced treatment. The biogas slurry returning needs a large amount of land to be consumed, the small and medium-scale pig farms are not suitable for use, and the content of pollutants such as heavy metals in the biogas slurry exceeds the standard, so that crops in the land are not suitable for eating, and the health of people and the economic value of the crops are seriously influenced; as environmental protection laws and regulations are getting stricter and tighter, the advanced treatment technology of the pig raising wastewater is just started in a pig farm at present, but according to actual research, the advanced treatment effluent of most pig farms is found to be unqualified, the process is incomplete and the operation cost is very high.
The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater has high COD, ammonia nitrogen, suspended matters and the like, is difficult to treat, and simultaneously needs to comprehensively consider a plurality of factors such as investment, operation cost and the like in the process design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention reasonably analyzes the characteristics of the wastewater without reference, performs process optimization by combining the advantages and disadvantages of various biological treatment processes, and purposefully adds creative elements to prepare a whole set of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment scheme which is practically applied in factories, so that the investment and operation cost is low and the effect is ideal. In view of the above, the advanced treatment process for livestock and poultry breeding wastewater is researched and designed, and plays an important role in expanding the data literature in the field of renewable resource utilization while solving the problem of sewage treatment.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, primary processing: enabling the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater to sequentially pass through a flocculation tank and a sedimentation tank, removing large-particle suspended matters in the wastewater, collecting sludge to a sludge tank, improving the biodegradability of the wastewater by effluent through a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor, and then entering a biochemical treatment system;
s2, secondary processing: the effluent water after the step S1 is introduced into an ABR anaerobic tank, the COD and the content of suspended matters are reduced, and organic nitrogen compounds are converted into ammoniacal nitrogen;
s3, secondary treatment: purifying the effluent water after the step S2 by three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks, removing COD and simultaneously denitrifying;
s4, deep processing: and (4) returning the effluent after the step S3 to the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor through a reflux device, repeating the steps S1 and S2 to perform secondary denitrification, and directly performing chemical Fenton treatment on the effluent after the secondary denitrification.
The effluent quality completely reaches the urban greening standard in the quality of urban miscellaneous water for recycling urban sewage (GB/T18920-2002) that COD is less than or equal to 50mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 10mg/L and suspended matters are less than or equal to 5 mg/L.
Preferably, the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor is a square reaction tank made of a PVC material, the activated carbon particle electrodes are placed inside the reaction tank, an anode plate is arranged in the reaction tank, cathode plates are arranged on two sides of the anode plate, the anode plate is a DSA electric plate, the cathode plate is a titanium plate, the treatment efficiency of the traditional single-set three-dimensional electrochemical device can be effectively improved, and the treatment efficiency of three-dimensional electrochemistry can be remarkably improved after a direct-current power supply is connected.
Preferably, the ABR anaerobic tank has 6 compartments in total, the organic load of the process is high, and the indexes of effluent COD and suspended matters are greatly reduced. The 1 st compartment length of ABR anaerobism pond be the twice of the 2 nd compartment, can effectively strengthen the effect of holding back of suspended solid, 2 nd to 5 th compartment volume is the same, and 6 th compartment goes out water direction wall preparation inclination and is 75, promptly the lateral wall that ABR anaerobism pond was equipped with the outlet pipe is 75 with the contained angle of horizontal direction, can further hold back the suspended solid, can effectively control the suspended solid index of ABR anaerobism pond play water.
Preferably, a perforated plate made of PVC materials is arranged in the 1 st to 5 th compartments in the ABR anaerobic tank, the perforated plate is arranged in the upper half part of the compartments and divides each compartment into an upper part and a lower part, anaerobic activated sludge is arranged in the lower part, fiber filter materials are arranged in the upper half part, the height of each fiber filter material is 1/3 of the height of the compartment, the activated sludge in each compartment is effectively intercepted, the concentration of the sludge in each compartment is ensured, and the microbial biomass in each compartment is effectively increased.
More preferably, activated sludge is added into the three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks, and suspended honeycomb fillers are placed at the same time, so that the biomass in the tanks is effectively ensured.
Preferably, the filling rate of the honeycomb filler of the three-section biological contact oxidation pond is 20-30%.
Preferably, the anaerobic effluent flows back to the three-dimensional electrochemical system, the reflux ratio of the reflux device is controlled to be 100-300%, and a good denitrification effect is ensured.
Preferably, the chemical Fenton and the flocculation precipitation are all circular tank bodies made of PP materials, water enters the bottom of the chemical Fenton reaction tank, and water exits from the top of the chemical Fenton reaction tank. The pipeline mixer is arranged at the water inlet at the bottom, the sulfuric acid solution, the ferrous ion solution and the hydrogen peroxide solution are added from the pipeline mixer, the sulfuric acid solution is added firstly, the ferrous solution is added later, and the hydrogen peroxide solution is added finally. The fenton retort sets up the extrinsic cycle, passes through the backwash pump with the reaction solution of upper portion and pours into the bottom into through the backwash pump, and the reflux ratio is 500%, makes the waste water and the medicament of retort the inside can abundant mixing. The process can greatly reduce indexes of suspended matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like of the effluent.
Preferably, the retention time of the flocculation tank is 0.3-0.7 h, the retention time of the sedimentation tank is 1-2 h, the retention time of the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor is 0.3-0.7 h, the retention time of the ABR tank is 2.5-3 d, the retention time of the three-section biological contact oxidation tank is 45-50 h, and the fenton reaction treatment time is 1-2 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: under the condition that no reference scheme can be used for reference, the water quality characteristics of the wastewater are reasonably analyzed, the contents of COD, ammonia nitrogen, suspended matters and the like in the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater are found, the investment and the operation cost need to be controlled, and the process design difficulty is high. Through independent research, a whole set of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process is designed in the subject group.
The invention adds a three-dimensional electrochemical processing unit at the front end of a biochemical system, utilizes generated hydroxyl radicals to directly oxidize ammonia nitrogen, and utilizes Fe generated by an anode3+The formation of iron-containing hydroxyl complexes flocculates the colloids, on the other hand H produced at the cathode2Floating the particles to the surface of the solution along with the micro bubbles to remove phosphorus; meanwhile, organic matters which are difficult to degrade are converted into organic matters which are easy to degrade, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is obviously improved, the nutrient substances in the wastewater are balanced, and good environmental conditions are improved for subsequent biochemical treatment. In a three-section biological contact oxidation tankMeanwhile, the flow honeycomb filler is arranged, so that the types and the number of microorganisms are increased, meanwhile, the updating of a biological membrane is facilitated, and the treatment efficiency is greatly improved.
The method utilizes chemical flocculation and three-dimensional electrochemistry as pretreatment, carries out biochemical treatment by an ABR-composite biochemical process which is improved according to the water quality characteristics of the wastewater, finally removes most suspended matters, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus by a chemical Fenton and flocculation process to reach the standard for discharge, reduces the ammonia nitrogen content from 400-500 mg/L to 10mg/L on the premise of no air stripping process, respectively reduces the COD and the suspended matter content to the urban greening standard in the urban wastewater recycling urban miscellaneous water quality (GB/T18920-2002), has low investment and operation cost and ideal actual operation effect, and provides practical reference for the treatment of the wastewater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the treatment of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials and test equipment used in the following examples were commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The embodiment provides a livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process, and based on the process, the used device comprises a flocculation tank, a sedimentation tank, a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor, an ABR anaerobic tank, three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks and a chemical Fenton reaction tank which are sequentially communicated.
Specifically, the flocculation tank and the sedimentation tank are circular tanks made of PP materials, and the reaction tank adopted by chemical Fenton is a circular tank made of PP materials. And a water outlet pipe of the flocculation tank is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the sedimentation tank, and a water outlet pipe of the sedimentation tank is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor. The three-dimensional electrochemical reactor adopts a PVC square reaction tank, an activated carbon particle electrode is placed in the reaction tank, an anode plate is arranged in the reaction tank, cathode plates are arranged on two sides of the anode plate, the anode plate adopts a DSA electric plate, and the cathode plate adopts a titanium plate. The water outlet pipe of the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the ABR anaerobic tank, the ABR anaerobic tank 4 comprises 6 compartments, the length of the 1 st compartment in the water flow direction is twice of that of the 2 nd compartment, the interception effect of suspended matters can be effectively enhanced, the volumes of the 2 nd compartment to the 5 th compartment are the same, the included angle between the side wall of the ABR anaerobic tank, which is provided with the water outlet pipe, and the horizontal direction is 75 degrees, the suspended matters can be further intercepted, and the suspended matter index of the water outlet of the ABR anaerobic tank can be effectively controlled; the ABR anaerobic tank is characterized in that perforated plates made of PVC materials are arranged in the 1 st to 5 th compartments, the perforated plates are arranged in the upper half parts of the compartments and divide each compartment into an upper part and a lower part, anaerobic activated sludge is arranged in the lower part, fiber filter materials are arranged in the upper half parts, and the height of each fiber filter material is 1/3 of the height of each compartment. The ABR anaerobic tank is characterized in that a water outlet pipe is communicated with three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks, the three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks comprise a primary biological contact oxidation tank, a secondary biological contact oxidation tank and a tertiary biological contact oxidation tank, activated sludge and suspended honeycomb fillers are arranged in the three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks, and the filling rate of the honeycomb fillers is 20% -30%. The three-section biological contact oxidation pond is connected with the reflux unit, and the reflux ratio of the reflux unit is set to be 100-300%, so that the effluent flows back to the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor through the reflux unit to be subjected to secondary denitrification, and the effluent subjected to secondary denitrification directly enters the chemical Fenton reaction tank. Chemistry fenton retort bottom is intake, and the higher authority goes out water, and bottom water inlet position device pipeline mixer, sulphuric acid solution, ferrous ion solution and hydrogen peroxide solution all add from the pipeline mixer, add sulphuric acid solution earlier, and ferrous solution is added later, adds the hydrogen peroxide solution at last, and fenton retort sets up the extrinsic cycle, passes through the backwash pump with the reaction solution of upper portion through the backwash pump and pours into the bottom into, and the reflux ratio is 500%. And sludge outlets of the flocculation tank, the sedimentation tank and the chemical Fenton reaction tank are communicated with a sludge tank, and the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor and the three-section biological contact oxidation tank are connected with an aeration device.
The device is used for advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, and the process comprises the following steps:
(1) livestock and poultry breeding wastewater with the COD content of 3000-5000 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content of 300-500 mg/L and the suspended matter content of 2000-3000 mg/L is subjected to chemical flocculation and sedimentation tank to remove large granular substances, and only sludge needs to be cleaned regularly. The effluent of the sedimentation tank enters a three-dimensional electrochemical system, organic matters which are difficult to degrade can be oxidized, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the wastewater can be effectively removed, the biodegradability of the wastewater is remarkably improved, the organic load of the wastewater is reduced, the pretreatment process of the wastewater is completed, wherein the retention time of the flocculation tank is 0.5h, the retention time of the sedimentation tank is 1.5h, the retention time of the three-dimensional electrochemical system is 0.5h, at the moment, the COD content is reduced to 1000-1500 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is reduced to 200-300 mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is reduced to 2-4 mg/L.
(2) Will three-dimensional electrochemistry goes out water and carries out anaerobic reaction by elevator pump pumping to ABR pond, and baffling state water inlet mode through many compartments for anaerobic reaction fully goes on, and every indoor anaerobism activated sludge and braid formula fiber filter material make in ABR pond effluent suspended solid and COD content reduce by a wide margin, have guaranteed the biomass in every compartment simultaneously, and 75 wall body inclinations in last compartment can further hold back the suspended solid, make ABR pond effluent suspended solid content drops to lower, increases simultaneously the dwell time in ABR pond improves its treatment effect, ABR pond dwell time is 2.7 d. At this time, the COD content is reduced to 500-800 mg/L, and the suspended matter content is reduced to 200-400 mg/L. The ABR tank effluent automatically flows into a subsequent biochemical treatment system due to gravity and consists of a three-section biological contact oxidation tank. The biological contact oxidation pond can remove most organic pollutants under a large load, activated sludge and suspended honeycomb fillers in the pond, and microorganisms integrate the advantages of suspended growth and attached growth, so that the types and the quantity of the microorganisms are increased, the treatment efficiency is effectively improved, the obvious advantages can be highlighted when the aerobic load is borne at the first stage, and the retention time is 48 hours. And the effluent of the biological contact oxidation tank enters the second and third sections of biological contact oxidation tanks for aerobic treatment, and the combination of fixed and flowing fillers arranged in the biological contact oxidation tank can further remove redundant pollutants, so that the standard discharge and retention time of sewage can be basically ensured to be 72 h. And a reflux pump is arranged at the tail end of the third section of biological contact oxidation tank and reflows into the three-dimensional electrochemical system according to the reflux ratio of 100-300%, so that the conversion of ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen is ensured, and the removal effect of the ammonia nitrogen in the pig raising wastewater is enhanced.
(3) And more suspended matters can be removed in the effluent self-flowing Fenton reaction tank of the three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks, and the retention time is 1.5 h. At the moment, the COD content is reduced to 30-50 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is reduced to 8-12 mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is reduced to below 0.03 mg/L. Thereby completing the treatment process of the wastewater. The final effluent index is completely superior to the urban greening standard in the urban wastewater recycling urban miscellaneous water quality (GB/T18920-2002) that COD is less than or equal to 50mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 15mg/L and suspended matters are less than or equal to 10 mg/L. Compared with other processes which are provided with a stripping process when high ammonia nitrogen wastewater is treated, the process flow is simple, the investment and operation cost is low, and the treatment effect is good. Because a perfect automatic control system (including automatic switches of all electric appliances of the whole process) is arranged in the process, no full-time staff is needed to watch for 24 hours in the running process of the whole process, the automation degree is high, and the running is convenient. The specific treatment effect at a certain time after the operation is stable is shown in the following table:
surface-livestock breeding wastewater treatment effect
Claims (4)
1. A livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, primary processing: enabling the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater to sequentially pass through a flocculation tank and a sedimentation tank, removing large-particle suspended matters in the wastewater, collecting sludge to a sludge tank, improving the biodegradability of the wastewater by effluent through a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor, and then entering a biochemical treatment system;
s2, secondary processing: the effluent water after the step S1 is introduced into an ABR anaerobic tank, the COD and the content of suspended matters are reduced, and organic nitrogen compounds are converted into ammoniacal nitrogen;
s3, secondary treatment: purifying the effluent water obtained in the step S2 by three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks, removing COD and simultaneously denitrifying, wherein activated sludge and suspended honeycomb fillers are arranged in the three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks, and the filling rate of the honeycomb fillers in the three sections of biological contact oxidation tanks is 20-30%;
s4, deep processing: the effluent water after the step S3 is refluxed to a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor through a reflux device, the steps S1 and S2 are repeated for secondary denitrification, and the effluent water after the secondary denitrification is directly subjected to chemical Fenton treatment;
the ABR anaerobic tank is totally provided with 6 compartments, the length of the 1 st compartment in the water flow direction is twice that of the 2 nd compartment, the volumes of the 2 nd compartment and the 5 th compartment are the same, and the included angle between the side wall provided with the water outlet pipe of the ABR anaerobic tank and the horizontal direction is 75 degrees;
a perforated plate made of PVC materials is arranged in the 1 st to 5 th compartments in the ABR anaerobic tank along the water flow direction, anaerobic activated sludge is placed below the perforated plate in the 1 st to 5 th compartments, a fiber filter material is placed above the perforated plate, and the height of the fiber filter material is 1/3 of the height of the compartments;
the chemical Fenton treatment is carried out in a chemical Fenton reaction tank in the step S4, water is fed into the bottom of the chemical Fenton reaction tank, water is discharged from the upper part of the chemical Fenton reaction tank, a pipeline mixer is arranged at a water inlet at the bottom, and a sulfuric acid solution, a ferrous ion solution and a hydrogen peroxide solution are sequentially added through the pipeline mixer; the chemical Fenton reaction tank is provided with an external circulation, and reaction liquid on the upper part of the chemical Fenton reaction tank is injected into the bottom of the chemical Fenton reaction tank through a reflux pump, wherein the reflux ratio is 500%;
the reflux ratio of the reflux device in the step S4 is 100% to 300%.
2. The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor is characterized in that the reactor is a square reaction tank made of PVC materials, activated carbon particle electrodes are placed inside the reaction tank, an anode plate is arranged in the reaction tank, cathode plates are arranged on two sides of the anode plate, the anode plate is a DSA electric plate, and the cathode plate is a titanium plate.
3. The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the flocculation tank and the sedimentation tank are circular tank bodies made of PP materials, and the reaction tank adopted by chemical Fenton is a circular tank body made of PP materials.
4. The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater advanced treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the retention time of the flocculation tank is 0.3-0.7 h, the retention time of the sedimentation tank is 1-2 h, the retention time of the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor is 0.3-0.7 h, the retention time of the ABR anaerobic tank is 2.5-3 d, the retention time of the three-section biological contact oxidation tank is 45-50 h, and the Fenton reaction treatment time is 1-2 h.
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