CN108493591A - Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies - Google Patents
Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108493591A CN108493591A CN201810212053.8A CN201810212053A CN108493591A CN 108493591 A CN108493591 A CN 108493591A CN 201810212053 A CN201810212053 A CN 201810212053A CN 108493591 A CN108493591 A CN 108493591A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- spaceborne
- antenna
- vhf
- aerial radiation
- radiation piece
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies, are a kind of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies of linear polarization of plane deformation load IFA, including reflecting plate, feed element and antenna radiation unit.Antenna radiation unit includes:The planar inverted-F antenna main part being made of left hand side antenna radiation fin and upside aerial radiation piece;And the multi-disc end aerial radiation piece of the right end positioned at upside aerial radiation piece.Feed element is arranged between reflecting plate and the upside aerial radiation piece of antenna radiation unit.According to the present invention, miniaturization, lightweight can be had both, to all kinds of satellites (especially microsatellite, micro-nano satellite) while meeting the main electrical performance indexes requirement of existing antenna) adaptability it is high the advantages that.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies used in satellite-based communications system.
Background technology
VHF frequency ranges are the main frequency ranges of existing satellite data communication, are widely used in the short data communication of all kinds of satellites
It is passed down in real time with important information.Relative to other microwave frequency bands, the signal frequency of VHF frequency ranges is relatively low, and wavelength is longer, therefore therewith
Corresponding antenna size is also larger.
Along with the rapid development of space technology, microsatellite, micro-nano satellite are applied more and more widely, correspondingly,
Satellite volume, weight and power consumption etc. also increasingly reduce.Thus, for VHF frequency ranges to be used as to the VHF antennas of communications band and
Speech, VHF antenna miniaturizations, light-weight design and the requirement of application are constantly increased.Therefore, the case where keeping antenna available energy
Under, VHF antenna sizes how are simplified, are allowed to adapt to the following further types of satellite application to be VHF links and VHF antenna developments
Main way and only way.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention
It is well known that the radiation efficiency of antenna is directly related with the physics bore of antenna to performance, when antenna port diameter
When being reduced significantly, antenna performance can drastically deteriorate in identical working frequency, or even be difficult to meet normal use demand, Wu Fayou
Effect receives and radiated electromagnetic wave.It is more than 2m since VHF uses the limitation of frequency range, VHF antenna operating wavelengths, thus conventional aerial class
Type is difficult to have both antenna miniaturization and light-weighted design feature while meeting electrical performance indexes requirement, to affect
Efficient application of the VHF links on microsatellite and micro-nano satellite.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, its purpose is to provide it is a kind of can be to meet existing antenna mainly electric
While performance indicator requires, has both miniaturization, lightweight, all kinds of satellites (especially microsatellite, micro-nano satellite) is adapted to
Property high spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies, apply upper bottleneck to solve VHF antennas in microsatellite, micro-nano satellite design, simultaneously
Saving whole star resource is played, cost is reduced.
Technical scheme applied to solve the technical problem
Inventor is concentrated on studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, by using all-metal knot in structure design
Structure, and increase center short circuit wall construction and end multiple-piece loading technique in conventional microstrip design basis, so as to obtain one
The strong small-sized linear polarization VHF antenna assemblies of kind radiance.Then, on the basis of linear polarization VHF antenna assemblies, according to orthogonal
Rotating feed design group battle array technology realizes circular polarization radiation pattern refactoring and the radiance enhancing design of high-performance high-purity.
That is, the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies of the present invention are characterized in that, it is the spaceborne VHF of linear polarization of plane deformation load IFA
Antenna assembly, including:Reflecting plate, feed element and antenna radiation unit,
The antenna radiation unit includes:The planar inverted-F antenna master being made of left hand side antenna radiation fin and upside aerial radiation piece
Body portion;And the multi-disc end aerial radiation piece of the right end positioned at the upside aerial radiation piece,
The lower end of the left hand side antenna radiation fin is vertically installed in the left end of the reflecting plate,
The upside aerial radiation piece is extended in a manner of parallel with the reflecting plate in the X direction,
The multi-disc end aerial radiation piece is sequentially located in a manner of parallel to each other and be spaced from each other a determining deviation in the X direction
The right end of the upside aerial radiation piece,
Portion distal end aerial radiation piece in the multi-disc end aerial radiation piece is with perpendicular to the upside aerial radiation piece
Mode is connected to the right-hand end lower surface of the upside aerial radiation piece, and its in the Y direction be shorter in length than the left side
The length of aerial radiation piece,
Another part end aerial radiation piece in the multi-disc end aerial radiation piece is in a manner of perpendicular to the reflecting plate
Be connected to the right-hand end upper surface of the reflecting plate, and its in the Y direction be shorter in length than the left hand side antenna radiation fin
Length,
The feed element is arranged between the reflecting plate and the upside aerial radiation piece of the antenna radiation unit.
Invention effect
It a kind of can be had both while meeting the main electrical performance indexes requirement of existing antenna in accordance with the invention it is possible to realize
Miniaturization, lightweight, to all kinds of satellites (especially microsatellite, micro-nano satellite)) the high spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies of adaptability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the key Design technology for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for indicating embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the design for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for indicating embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective view of the structure for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for schematically showing embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the structure for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for schematically showing embodiments of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the omnidirectional's Performance Simulation Results for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for indicating embodiments of the present invention 2.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, based on the attached drawing embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail.In addition, the present invention is not limited to following embodiment party
Formula.Identical label in each figure indicates identical part.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the key Design technology for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for indicating embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the key Design technology of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies be divided into radiation efficiency keep Miniaturization Design technology,
Broad beam and omni-beam covering design technology, polarization reconstruct and behavior extension enhancing designing technique, resonance narrowband high isolation
It spends designing technique and environment adapts to 5 key technologies such as cross-species transferability technology.
When carrying out spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies design, in order to improve the actual availability of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies, need
Its coupled transfer between other radio frequency systems is minimized to improve the EMC performances of system, it may be considered that using reduction VHF days
The impedance bandwidth of line apparatus realizes the design of narrowband, i.e., reflection suppression is realized outside resonant operational frequency band, to reduce electromagnetism
Two secondary couplings of energy and parasitic radiation radiate isolation between raising system, avoid producing between different system when high sensitivity testing
Raw electromagnetic interference (EMI) effect.
In addition, in order to meet spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for flexibly testing and the needs of environmental suitability, in antenna structure
And in terms of Project Realization, consider that antennal interface General design, the design of aerial radiation structure all-metal, antenna are nonmetallic emphatically
Lossy medium environmental suitability designs and antenna mechanical property design etc. content.It is preferred that the maturation gold with space flight adaptability
Belong to and nonmetallic materials minimize spaceborne VHF antennas electrically and environmental suitability designs, to improve spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies
Availability provide safeguard with versatility.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the design for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies for schematically showing embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, when carrying out spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies design, the specific requirement of VHF antennas is analyzed first.The step can
To be carried out by arranging specific requirement and decomposing key technology.
Then, the Selection and Design of VHF antenna assemblies is carried out.The step can by high-gain directional beam scheme, low cut open
Face broad beam scheme, high-performance broad beam CP schemes minimize omni scheme to realize.
Then, to the performance of the VHF antenna assemblies in the stage, such as gain, beam angle, VSWR, polarization characteristic, ruler
Whether the performances such as very little, weight, which meet the requirements, is detected, which can utilize theoretical calculation, mathematical simulation calculating, all-wave number
Value simulation calculation carries out.In the case where testing result is to meet performance requirement, the VHF antenna device arrangements of next step are carried out
Design returns to previous step to re-start antenna model selection design in the case where testing result is not meet performance requirement.
In VHF antenna device arrangement design procedures, ideal radiation Structural Engineering, ideal feed structure engineering are carried out
Change.
Later, the processing of VHF antenna assemblies is carried out, mainly for radiator, supporter, feed structure, be integrated and connected knot
Structure, tuning structure, loading structure etc. are processed.
Next, carrying out the assembly of VHF antenna assemblies, radiator assembly, loading structure assembly, feed knot are mainly carried out
Structure assembles and the mechanism assembly that supports and be integrated and connected.
Finally, antenna performance debugging is carried out, such as gain, beam angle, VSWR, polarization characteristic, size, weight etc.
It is debugged, when debugging result is not up to standard, is back to previous step to re-start antenna mount, when debugging result is up to standard,
Obtain final antenna assembly product.
Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies can be divided into three parts from structure:Minimize high efficient radiation structure, feed and impedance
Transformation Matching structurally and mechanically Interface Matching mounting structure.
Specifically, miniaturization high efficient radiation structure can form interarea broad beam or omni-beam radiation characteristic, thus can pass through
Higher radiation efficiency is maintained to realize using optimal topology design while envelope Miniaturization Design.
The end characteristic impedance of antenna end input impedance feeder line can be realized using integration feed and impedance matching structure most
Good matching to realize that antenna end maximum power is fed, and further increases antenna and realizes gain, while realizing resonance narrowband
Design improves radio frequency system interval from degree, enhances EMC performances.
By integrated switchover mechanical interface board, spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies can be realized to antenna model machine mechanical property and peace
Fill the particular requirement of Interface Matching.
Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective view of the structure for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1 for schematically showing embodiments of the present invention 1.
Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1 are such as linear polarized antenna device, i.e. LP mode antenna arrangements, and all-metal plane is used to become
Shape loads IFA schemes.As shown in figure 3, spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1 include:Reflecting plate 101, feed element 102 and antenna spoke
Penetrate unit 103.
Wherein, reflecting plate 101 uses the metal material such as aluminium.Feed element 102 is configured in reflecting plate 101 and antenna spoke
It penetrates between the upside aerial radiation piece 103b of unit 103, for example, by using metal materials such as beryllium-bronzes.
Antenna radiation unit 103 loads IFA structures using plane deformation comprising:Constitute planar inverted-F antenna main part
Left hand side antenna radiation fin 103a and upside aerial radiation piece 103b;And positioned at the multi-disc end of aerial radiation piece 103b right ends
Hold aerial radiation piece 103c~103f.
The lower surface of left hand side antenna radiation fin 103a is vertically connected at the left end of reflecting plate 101, upside aerial radiation
Piece 103b is extended in X direction in a manner of parallel with reflecting plate 101.4 end aerial radiation piece 103c~103f are configured in order
It is parallel to each other and be spaced from each other a determining deviation in the X direction.Wherein, end aerial radiation piece 103c and end aerial radiation piece
103e is connected to the right-hand end lower surface of upside aerial radiation piece 103b in a manner of perpendicular to upside aerial radiation piece 103b,
And its in the Y direction be shorter in length than the length of left hand side antenna radiation fin 103a in the Y direction.End aerial radiation piece 103d and
End aerial radiation piece 103f is connected to the right-hand end upper surface of reflecting plate 101, and its in a manner of perpendicular to reflecting plate 101
In the Y direction be shorter in length than the length of left hand side antenna radiation fin 103a in the Y direction.In other words, end aerial radiation piece
103d and end aerial radiation piece 103f are not connected with the lower surface of upside aerial radiation piece 103b.
By the way that multi-disc end aerial radiation piece is arranged, the capacitance of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies is increased, to make antenna capacitive reactance drop
It is low, thus in the case where antenna match impedance is constant, reduce the size of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies.
This is illustrated for sentencing 4 end aerial radiation piece 103c~103f, and but it is not limited to this.In addition, this sentence it is more
For the width of piece end aerial radiation piece in z-direction is consistent with the width of upside aerial radiation piece 103b in z-direction
It is illustrated, but it is not limited to this.
By using above structure, the shape envelope size of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1 is only 0.08 wavelength, is highly
0.053 wavelength, compared with conventional unipolar sub-antenna, longitudinal size is reduced to the 16% of monopole antenna height, realizes very
Good low Section Design, the conformal layout application easy to implement with satellite platform, the miniaturization met under restricted clearance are low
Section Design and portable testing requirement.
In addition, by using above structure, gain under the conditions of free space of aerial radiation line polarization wave is about 1.4dB.
When using metal PEC reflecting plate simulated implementation directed radiations, analyzed through full-wave simulation, antenna gain is about 2dB, 3dB wave beams
Width is about 110 °.Thereby, it is possible to realize while reducing spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies size, enhance its electric property.
According to embodiment 1, micro-strip substrate is removed to spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies by using all-metal metal structure
The constraint of performance and environmental suitability, and increase center short circuit wall construction and end multiple-piece add in conventional microstrip design basis
Load technology, to substantially reduce the envelope size of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies.It can meet the main electrical property of existing antenna as a result,
While index request, miniaturization, lightweight are had both, to all kinds of satellites (especially microsatellite, micro-nano satellite)) adaptability height
Deng requirement.
Embodiment 2
In the above embodiment 1, the exemplified spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1 for being configured to linear polarized antenna device,
In present embodiment 2, illustrate that on the basis of linear polarized antenna device, a group battle array is carried out to it, to constitute circular polarisation (CP) mould
Formula antenna assembly, to further increase antenna electric performance.
As shown in figure 3, the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 2 of embodiments of the present invention 2 are the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies of circular polarisation 2
It is constituted by carrying out group battle array to 4 above-mentioned spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1.Specifically, along X and the side Y on reflecting plate 201
To equidistantly being structured the formation, the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1 in 4 embodiments 1 are rotated by 90 ° successively and are configured, to structure
At 4 yuan of low sections, lightweight planar array.The array shape envelope size is 370mm × 370mm.Herein, with to 4 line poles
Change antenna assembly and carry out group battle array and be illustrated for circularly polarized antenna device to constitute, but it is not limited to this.
In addition, dextrorotation entelechy may be implemented by the current feed phase relationship for changing each linear polarization (LP) mode antenna arrangement
Change (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) carrys out switching working mode, meets spaceborne VHF antennas to not like-polarized application demand.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the omnidirectional's Performance Simulation Results for the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 2 for indicating embodiments of the present invention 2.
As shown in figure 5, in array forward direction, spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 2 radiate left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) wave, antenna gain
About 3.3dB;Rear to direction, spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 2 radiate right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) wave, and gain is about -4dB, thus
Realize omnidirectional's covering power.
According to the present embodiment 2, a group battle array is carried out to multiple above-mentioned spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies 1, i.e., VHF spaceborne to linear polarization
Antenna assembly can obtain the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies of circular polarisation, and can realize using orthogonal rotation and differential feed group battle array technology
Antenna radiation performance enhances, and realizes beam scanning performance, additionally it is possible to realize that array pattern omnidirectional covers.
As described above, according to the present invention, micro-strip substrate is removed to spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies by using all-metal construction
Performance and environmental suitability constraint, and increase center short circuit wall construction and end multiple-piece in conventional microstrip design basis
Loading technique to substantially reduce the envelope size of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies, and reduces by bottom plate and participates in radiation one
Change designing technique and realizes the forming of spaceborne VHF antennas interarea direction omnidirectional radiation.Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies can be made full as a result,
While the main electrical performance indexes of the existing antenna of foot require, miniaturization, lightweight, (especially small to defend to all kinds of satellites is had both
Star, micro-nano satellite) requirements such as adaptability height.
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated above, embodiment is only shown as example, and does not limit invention
Range.In addition, embodiment can be implemented in a variety of manners, without departing from the spirit of the invention, various provinces can be carried out
Slightly, it replaces, change.Embodiment is all contained in the range and its purport of invention, is similarly included in claim and is protected model
It encloses in recorded invention and its equivalent scope.
Industrial practicability
Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies of the present invention can have both while meeting the main electrical performance indexes requirement of existing antenna
Miniaturization, lightweight, to all kinds of satellites (especially microsatellite, micro-nano satellite)) adaptability it is high the advantages that, can extensive use
In fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, but it is not limited to the field.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies, which is characterized in that be plane deformation load IFA spaceborne VHF days of linear polarization it is traditional thread binding
It sets, including:Reflecting plate, feed element and antenna radiation unit,
The antenna radiation unit includes:The planar inverted-F antenna master being made of left hand side antenna radiation fin and upside aerial radiation piece
Body portion;And the multi-disc end aerial radiation piece of the right end positioned at the upside aerial radiation piece,
The lower end of the left hand side antenna radiation fin is vertically installed in the left end of the reflecting plate,
The upside aerial radiation piece is extended in a manner of parallel with the reflecting plate in the X direction,
The multi-disc end aerial radiation piece is sequentially located in a manner of parallel to each other and be spaced from each other a determining deviation in the X direction
The right end of the upside aerial radiation piece,
Portion distal end aerial radiation piece in the multi-disc end aerial radiation piece is with perpendicular to the upside aerial radiation piece
Mode is connected to the right-hand end lower surface of the upside aerial radiation piece, and its in the Y direction be shorter in length than the left side
The length of aerial radiation piece,
Another part end aerial radiation piece in the multi-disc end aerial radiation piece is in a manner of perpendicular to the reflecting plate
Be connected to the right-hand end upper surface of the reflecting plate, and its in the Y direction be shorter in length than the left hand side antenna radiation fin
Length,
The feed element is arranged between the reflecting plate and the upside aerial radiation piece of the antenna radiation unit.
2. spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The shape envelope size of the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies is 0.08 wavelength, is highly 0.053 wavelength.
3. spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The end aerial radiation piece is 4.
4. spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Using all-metal construction.
5. a kind of spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies, which is characterized in that
It is carried out to spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies carry out sequence rotation recorded in multiple claims 1, and based on differential feed mode
Group battle array, to obtain circular polarisation VHF satellite antenna devices.
6. spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
The spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies are 4, are sequentially rotated by 90 ° equidistantly to be configured at X/Y plane successively, flat to be formed
Face array.
7. spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that
The shape envelope size of the planar array is 370mm × 370mm.
8. spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
By changing the current feed phase relationship of the spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies, to switch right-handed circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization.
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CN201810212053.8A CN108493591A (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2018-03-15 | Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies |
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CN201810212053.8A CN108493591A (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2018-03-15 | Spaceborne VHF antenna assemblies |
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Cited By (2)
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CN110098472A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-06 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of for very high frequency(VHF)/shf band small patch antennas |
CN113156222A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-23 | 山东大学 | VHF observation system, array single machine system and method |
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CN113156222A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-23 | 山东大学 | VHF observation system, array single machine system and method |
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