CN108491623A - A method of reducing high field super magnet coil stress - Google Patents
A method of reducing high field super magnet coil stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN108491623A CN108491623A CN201810232722.8A CN201810232722A CN108491623A CN 108491623 A CN108491623 A CN 108491623A CN 201810232722 A CN201810232722 A CN 201810232722A CN 108491623 A CN108491623 A CN 108491623A
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods reducing high field super magnet coil stress, in the case where not changing coil order, the coil for being difficult to meet stress demand is split and carries out electromagnetic field optimization, the analysis optimization of stress is carried out by finite element method, the electromagnetic field and stress for being finally reached coil are satisfied by design requirement, electromagnetic field design object and the high risk factor, that is, axial stress for influencing product realization are included in process of optimization jointly, played the role of to high field MRI SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET DESIGN guiding.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to MRI technique field more particularly to a kind of methods reducing high field super magnet coil stress.
Background technology：
MRI（Magnetic resonance imaging, full name in English are：Magnetic Resonance Imaging）Technology is currently the most important elder generation
Into one of medical diagnosis technology, MRI system is complicated, is made of multiple cores component, and superconducting magnet is the most core of MRI system
Center portion part provides the high evenness imaging area main field B0 needed for MRI imagings.Only have several families to grasp comprehensively in the whole world at present
Superconducting magnet core technology is related to superconductor technology, electromagnetic technique, low temperature and composite technology etc., technical difficulty and complexity
Property is quite high.
With the development of MRI technique, resolution ratio and image taking speed are higher and higher, and background magnetic field is also increasingly stronger.In clinic
Using upper, dominant systems are 1.5Tesla and 3.0Tesla MRI.The 7Tesla systems of more highfield are going into clinic, therewith
And the challenge to superconducting magnet come is also increasing.
It is well known that realizing that the maximum challenge of superconducting magnet is to quench problem.Quench the machine usually by local magnet coil
Tool energy storage abrupt release causes, and temperature is more than the critical-temperature of superconduction, and local superconductor becomes normal conductor.And it is led by normal conductor
Electricity fever is so that high-temperature region is spread rapidly, to cause entire magnet quenching.The process of quenching is that irreversible, all electromagnetism stores up
It can will be volatilized and be taken away by liquid helium, can bring prodigious economic loss or even magnet that cannot reach target field strength and scrap.How to control
The mechanical energy storage of magnet coil processed realize the key of high field super magnet be how the stress of control coil, core of the invention tribute
It offers and is to provide a kind of method reducing high field super magnet coil stress.
Invention content：
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of sides reducing high field super magnet coil stress
Method.
A kind of method of reduction high field super magnet coil stress of the present invention, includes the following steps：
A, magnet parameter definition is carried out：Corresponding magnet size is selected according to the size of imaging area and stray magnetic field first, including
Internal diameter, outer diameter and the length of magnet；
B, Electromagnetic Optimum Design is carried out to superconducting coil：The magnetic fields DSV of imaging area are described as with spheric harmonic function：
（Formula 1）,
Wherein, anm, bnmFor spherical-harmonic expansion coefficient,
R, θ are the coordinate of arbitrary point in spherical coordinate system,
PnmFor Legendre polynomials number,
Magnetic field is solved by formula 1, the magnetic field expressed based on harmonic coefficients is obtained, the uniform of magnetic field is calculated by the coefficient
Degree and stray magnetic field, setting object function carry out the optimization in magnetic field, electromagnetic field data are made to meet design requirement；
C, stress optimization analysis is carried out to superconducting coil：After electromagnetic design meets, optimization design respective support structure calculates coil
Electromagnetic stress, electromagnetic stress can obtain by the axial symmetry biharmonic function of finite element method displacement φ：
（Formula 2）,
Wherein（Formula 3）, non trivial solution, which can be obtained, is：
（Formula 4）；
（Formula 5）；
（Formula 6）；
Wherein, acquired results formula 4 is radial stress expression formula, and formula 5 is circumferential stress expression formula, and formula 6 is axial stress expression formula,
The electromagnetic stress of coil is decomposed into radial stress, axial stress and circumferential stress under cylindrical-coordinate system, generally radially stress ratio
Smaller, by adding the method for pretension to be controlled on coil, axial stress is carried out circumferential stress using optimization cutting method
Effectively control, makes superconducting coil electromagnetic stress meet stress design standard；
The electromagnetic stress that D, analysis finite element method solves as a result, if its result is unsatisfactory for the stress criterion of coil design,
Step E is then carried out, F is only entered step if meeting；
E, superconducting coil structure optimization is carried out：Electromagnetic stress result is unsatisfactory for the stress criterion of coil design, carries out the knot of coil
Structure is adjusted or is split, and is return to step B after two coils by a coil splitting；
F, superconducting coil design is completed：Electromagnetic stress result result meets stress design standard, and superconducting coil design at this time is completed.
Preferably, it is selected according to the size of imaging area and stray magnetic field in corresponding magnet size in the step A, full
Under the premise of sufficient space layout constraint and stray magnetic field constraint, the main uniformity of magnetic field for considering imaging area.
Preferably, superconducting coil electromagnetic stress meets stress design standard in the step E, which generally depends on super
Loop composite material bears mechanical property when electromagnetic force.
Advantageous effect of the present invention：A kind of method reducing high field super magnet coil stress proposed by the present invention, is not changing
In the case of type transformer coil order, it may be difficult to which the coil for meeting stress demand is split and carries out electromagnetic field optimization, by limited
Element method carries out the analysis optimization of stress, and the electromagnetic field and stress for being finally reached coil are satisfied by design requirement, super in MRI
Key effect is played in the design process of magnetizer, the high stress problem of high field MRI superconducting magnet has been cracked, has realized technology
On breakthrough, while the present invention high field MRI SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET DESIGN field for the first time propose electromagnetism and stress Synchronous fluorimetry side
Electromagnetic field design object and the high risk factor, that is, axial stress for influencing product realization are included in process of optimization by method jointly,
Play the role of to high field MRI SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET DESIGN guiding.
Description of the drawings：
The present invention is described in detail by following specific implementations and attached drawing for ease of explanation,.
Fig. 1 is the superconducting coil being typically designed, support construction and its suffered electromagnetic force schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is superconducting coil, support construction and its suffered electromagnetic force schematic diagram after splitting；
Fig. 3 is superconducting coil electromagnetism and stress optimization design process schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is coil electromagnetism stress analysis schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the electromagnetic design result of a conventional design 3Tesla superconducting magnet；
Fig. 6 is the electromagnetic force result of conventional design 3Tesla superconducting magnets；
Fig. 7 is the axial magnetic stress analysis result of conventional design 3Tesla superconducting magnets.
Fig. 8 is the electromagnetic design result using the improved 3Tesla superconducting magnets of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the electromagnetic force result using the improved 3Tesla superconducting magnets of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the axial magnetic stress analysis result using the improved 3Tesla superconducting magnets of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the master data of Fig. 5 conventional designs；
Figure 12 is the master data designed after Fig. 8 is improved.
Specific implementation mode：
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below by specific implementation shown in the accompanying drawings
Example describes the present invention.However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.This
Outside, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, so as not to unnecessarily obscure the concept of the present invention.
As shown in figs. 1-12, electrical conductor can be acted in magnetic field by Lorentz force, and Lorentz force calculation formula is：,
Wherein, F is electromagnetic force, and J is current density, and B is magnetic field intensity, and V is the volume of superconductor in magnet.Due to superconduction material
The limitation of material itself, superconducting line by electric current restricted by critical current.It is magnetic field-enhanced generally by largely making
It is realized with superconducting line.With increasing for superconductor, V will increase, and corresponding power F can substantially increase, and electromagnetism suffered by coil is answered
Power increases rapidly.Stress increases, then mechanical energy storage increases, and the stability of magnet declines therewith, so that being unable to reach target magnetic
.
Usually under cylindrical-coordinate system, due to the axial symmetry of superconducting coil, electromagnetic force only has axial direction Fz and radial direction FR, phase
The Stress decomposition that the superconducting coil answered is born is radial stress σrr, axial stress σzzWith circumferential stress σθθ。
As shown in Figure 1, its support construction 1 is U-shaped wire casing, inside is coiling and soaks for superconducting coil and its support construction
Paint the superconducting coil composite structure 2 being cured.According to Lorentz lorentz's law, coil electromagnetism power as shown in Figure 1, the coil by
To axial force FZ2With radial load FR2, for concise description the principle of the present invention, electromagnetic force is expressed as：
Wherein F2sFor the internal force that coil is experienced certainly, F2eBe coil because of the external force of external other coil-to-coils 2, keep B and
Under the premise of J is constant, F2Size increase/reduce with increase/reduction of volume.
One of method for splitting of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2.High electromagnetic stress coil 2 shown in Fig. 1 is split as two lines
Circle, coil 3 as shown in Figure 2 and coil 4.Coil 3 and coil 4 can regard coil 2 as a whole, due to coil 3 and line
Enclose that 4 regions and 2 region of coil are close, so the variation of their regions magnetic field Be caused by other coils
Less.According to Lorentz lorentz's law of electromagnetic force, 3,4 in coil such as Fig. 2 after fractionation are respectively by electromagnetic force F3、F4Because splitting
Afterwards the reduction of V and be greatly reduced, to achieve the purpose that reduce coil electromagnetism stress.
Structure from Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 is split it can be seen that coil 2 splits coil 3 and 4, total electromagnetic force F3+F4And F2Comparison becomes
Change less, but coil F3、F4The shaft supporting structure increased makes its axial force have multiple support constructions, the axial support surface of coil
Product increases, to which coil axial magnetic stress reduces.It is this by a coil splitting be two coils fractionation mode only be use
It in the detailed description to method provided by the present invention, may need to split again in practical operation, finally tear a coil open
It is divided into multiple coils to achieve the purpose that reduce stress.
Electromagnetic design, stress analysis and global optimization are carried out using Fig. 4 flows.
As shown in figs. 1-12, the method for a kind of reduction high field super magnet coil stress of the present embodiment, including following step
Suddenly：
A, magnet parameter definition is carried out：Corresponding magnet size is selected according to the size of imaging area and stray magnetic field first, including
Internal diameter, outer diameter and the length of magnet, magnet design is firstly the need of clear design requirement, i.e. which type of magnet size（Internal diameter, outside
Diameter, length）, the size of required imaging area and stray magnetic field, electromagnetic design is before meeting space layout constraint and stray magnetic field constraint
It puts, the main uniformity of magnetic field for considering imaging area；
B, Electromagnetic Optimum Design is carried out to superconducting coil：The magnetic fields DSV of imaging area are described as with spheric harmonic function：
（Formula 1）,
Wherein, anm, bnmFor spherical-harmonic expansion coefficient,
R, θ are the coordinate of arbitrary point in spherical coordinate system,
PnmFor Legendre polynomials number,
With this equations magnetic field, the magnetic field expressed based on harmonic coefficients can be obtained, can be calculated by the coefficient
The uniformity and stray magnetic field for going out magnetic field, by the uniformity for analyzing the magnetic field and spuious field data, setting object function carries out magnetic
The optimization of field, final electromagnetic field data meet design requirement；
C, stress optimization analysis is carried out to superconducting coil：For superconducting coil, it is typically designed to loop configuration.As shown in figure 4, being
Circle along the shaft is to the half part of the sectional view in direction, wherein having coil 10 and 11 two coils, the field region generated at this time is
Central area and remote area, central area ρ<ρcenRegion, remote area ρ>ρremRegion, central point S（Z0, 0）, then
Wherein F（Z, r）The electromagnetic stress of the electromagnetic coil and structure of point, with the axial symmetry biharmonic of finite element method displacement φ
Function can obtain：
（Formula 2）,
Wherein（Formula 3）, non trivial solution, which can be obtained, is：
（Formula 4）；
（Formula 5）；
（Formula 6）；
Wherein, acquired results formula 4 is radial stress expression formula, and formula 5 is circumferential stress expression formula, and formula 6 is axial stress expression formula,
Superconducting magnet coil electromagnetic stress needs to meet stress design standard, and the standard generally depends on superconducting coil composite material and holds
Mechanical property when by electromagnetic force.The electromagnetic stress of coil is decomposed into radial stress, axial stress and week under cylindrical-coordinate system
To stress.Generally radially stress is smaller, and circumferential stress can be by adding the method for pretension to be controlled on coil（Such as figure
In 2 shown in 6）, and axial stress may be used optimization cutting method of the present invention and control effectively；
The electromagnetic stress that D, analysis finite element method solves as a result, if its result is unsatisfactory for the stress criterion of coil design,
Step E is then carried out, F is only entered step if meeting；
E, superconducting coil structure optimization is carried out：Electromagnetic stress result is unsatisfactory for the stress criterion of coil design, carries out the knot of coil
Structure is adjusted or is split, and is return to step B after two coils by a coil splitting；
F, superconducting coil design is completed：Electromagnetic stress result result meets stress design standard, and superconducting coil design at this time is completed.
The optimum design method of the present invention is used in a 3Tesla MRI magnet design, can be with the comparative illustration present invention
Validity.
A kind of traditional MRI superconducting magnet main coil design methods are to design 12 order harmonics coils of one group of six coil, one
A conventional design 3Tesla superconducting magnet coils, the results are shown in Figure 5 for electromagnetic design, electromagnetic force design result as shown in fig. 6,
Fig. 7 is its axial magnetic stress simulation as a result, its electromagnet portion has fully met design requirement, but its maximum as seen from Figure 5
Axial stress is up to 50MPa（See Figure 11）, as shown in the A points in Fig. 7, for such axial stress, if soaked using resin
The compression strength of the composite material coil of paint, resin can not possibly bear so high stress.Thus this magnet successfully reaches
The possibility very little of 3Tesla.By using the present invention optimum design method, to the maximum axial stress coil 7 in Fig. 5 into
Row is split, optimization coil 8 and 9 as shown in Figure 8 after splitting, it is seen that it maintains the harmonic order of Fig. 5.Such optimization is split
As a result, under the premise of electromagnetic field complies fully with design requirement, coil electromagnetism power reduces, as shown in figure 9, its maximum axial stress
It is reduced to 38MPa（See Figure 12）, as shown in the A points in Figure 10.
Design of the method that high field MRI superconducting magnet coil proposed by the present invention is split in 3TeslaMRI superconducting magnets
Key effect is played in journey, has been cracked the high stress problem of high field MRI superconducting magnet, has been realized technical breakthrough, simultaneously
The method that the present invention proposes electromagnetism and stress Synchronous fluorimetry in high field MRI SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET DESIGN field for the first time, by electromagnetic field
Design object and the high risk factor, that is, axial stress for influencing product realization are included in process of optimization jointly, to high field MRI
SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET DESIGN plays the role of guiding.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method reducing high field super magnet coil stress, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
A, magnet parameter definition is carried out：Corresponding magnet size is selected according to the size of imaging area and stray magnetic field first, including
Internal diameter, outer diameter and the length of magnet；
B, Electromagnetic Optimum Design is carried out to superconducting coil：The magnetic fields DSV of imaging area are described as with spheric harmonic function：
（Formula 1）,
Wherein, anm, bnmFor spherical-harmonic expansion coefficient,
R, θ are the coordinate of arbitrary point in spherical coordinate system,
PnmFor Legendre polynomials number,
Magnetic field is solved by formula 1, the magnetic field expressed based on harmonic coefficients is obtained, the uniform of magnetic field is calculated by the coefficient
Degree and stray magnetic field, setting object function carry out the optimization in magnetic field, electromagnetic field data are made to meet design requirement；
C, stress optimization analysis is carried out to superconducting coil：After electromagnetic design meets, optimization design respective support structure calculates coil
Electromagnetic stress, electromagnetic stress can obtain by the axial symmetry biharmonic function of finite element method displacement φ：
（Formula 2）,
Wherein（Formula 3）, non trivial solution, which can be obtained, is：
（Formula 4）；
（Formula 5）；
（Formula 6）；
Wherein, acquired results formula 4 is radial stress expression formula, and formula 5 is circumferential stress expression formula, and formula 6 is axial stress expression formula,
The electromagnetic stress of coil is decomposed into radial stress, axial stress and circumferential stress under cylindrical-coordinate system, generally radially stress ratio
Smaller, by adding the method for pretension to be controlled on coil, axial stress is carried out circumferential stress using optimization cutting method
Effectively control, makes superconducting coil electromagnetic stress meet stress design standard；
The electromagnetic stress that D, analysis finite element method solves as a result, if its result is unsatisfactory for the stress criterion of coil design,
Step E is then carried out, F is only entered step if meeting；
E, superconducting coil structure optimization is carried out：Electromagnetic stress result is unsatisfactory for the stress criterion of coil design, carries out the knot of coil
Structure is adjusted or is split, and is return to step B after two coils by a coil splitting；
F, superconducting coil design is completed：Electromagnetic stress result result meets stress design standard, and superconducting coil design at this time is completed.
2. a kind of method reducing high field super magnet coil stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
It is selected according to the size of imaging area and stray magnetic field in corresponding magnet size in rapid A, is meeting space layout constraint and spuious
Under the premise of the constraint of field, the main uniformity of magnetic field for considering imaging area.
3. a kind of method reducing high field super magnet coil stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Superconducting coil electromagnetic stress meets stress design standard in rapid E, which generally depends on superconducting coil composite material and bear electricity
Mechanical property when magnetic force.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109799467A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-24 | 北京大学 | Space magnetic field measuring device, measuring system and measurement method without boom |
| WO2024092915A1 (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-10 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Shock-resistance design method and apparatus for high-temperature superconducting magnet of electrodynamic suspension train |
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| CN102707250A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Design method for magnetic resonance imaging superconducting magnet system |
| WO2014079047A1 (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-05-30 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method for constructing superconducting magnet for magnetic resonance imaging |
| CN106556813A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-05 | 上海辰光医疗科技股份有限公司 | The linear hybrid optimization method of active shimming coils in a kind of magnetic resonance system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102707250A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Design method for magnetic resonance imaging superconducting magnet system |
| WO2014079047A1 (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-05-30 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method for constructing superconducting magnet for magnetic resonance imaging |
| CN106556813A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-05 | 上海辰光医疗科技股份有限公司 | The linear hybrid optimization method of active shimming coils in a kind of magnetic resonance system |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109799467A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-24 | 北京大学 | Space magnetic field measuring device, measuring system and measurement method without boom |
| WO2024092915A1 (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-10 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Shock-resistance design method and apparatus for high-temperature superconducting magnet of electrodynamic suspension train |
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