CN108490648A - It is realized using faraday rotation mirror and polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator - Google Patents
It is realized using faraday rotation mirror and polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108490648A CN108490648A CN201810208679.1A CN201810208679A CN108490648A CN 108490648 A CN108490648 A CN 108490648A CN 201810208679 A CN201810208679 A CN 201810208679A CN 108490648 A CN108490648 A CN 108490648A
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- faraday rotation
- rotation mirror
- lithium niobate
- modulator
- slab waveguide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/0305—Constructional arrangements
- G02F1/0311—Structural association of optical elements, e.g. lenses, polarizers, phase plates, with the crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/0305—Constructional arrangements
- G02F1/0316—Electrodes
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- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of realized using faraday rotation mirror to polarize unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator, and innovation is：The lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator includes lithium niobate chip, faraday rotation mirror and speculum；The method have the benefit that：It proposes a kind of realized using faraday rotation mirror and polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator, the apparatus structure is simply ingenious, can realize under conditions of not reducing any index and completely polarize unrelated modulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulators more particularly to a kind of use faraday rotation mirror to realize partially
The lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator for shaking unrelated.
Background technology
In the quantum key distribution system of quantum communications, phase code is generally carried out using phase-modulator；Common phase
There are correlations for the polarization direction of position modulator and light, i.e., to the modulation efficiency of the light in different polarization direction difference, polarization is related
Loss also differ.Since there are birefringence effects for the optical fiber in system light path, light will necessarily be changed after optical fiber transmits
Polarization direction will necessarily then entering back into a relevant modulator of polarization after change of polarized direction carries out phase code
Normal phase code is caused to seriously affect, therefore carrying out that the unrelated phase-modulator technical research in polarization direction has very much must
It wants.
For phase-modulator, at present comprehensive performance it is optimal, it is most widely used be the electric light phase based on niobic acid lithium material
Modulator, niobic acid lithium material can produce optical waveguide by annealed proton exchange process or Ti diffusion techniques；Wherein, annealed proton
The optical waveguide that exchange process makes has single polarization characteristic, can only transmit the light of TE patterns, cannot be satisfied and polarizes unrelated requirement；
And the optical waveguide that Ti diffusion techniques make has birefringent characteristic, can transmit TE moulds also can transmit TM moulds, using this waveguide
When making modulator and pair conducting the optical signal of TE moulds and TM moulds simultaneously and be modulated, there is polarization phase in the optical signal of two patterns
Loss is closed, is shown as in specific device, the loss of the loss ratio TE moulds of TM moulds is big, it is often more important that, what modulator electrode generated
Electric field also differs the Electro-optical Modulation coefficient of TE moulds and TM moulds, is shown as in specific device：The lithium niobate light wave cut for X
For leading, the modulation efficiency to TE mode lights is approximately it to 3 times of the modulation efficiency of TM mode lights, therefore modulation efficiency is also
It polarizes relevant.
Unrelated modulator is polarized in order to obtain, and 1977, RASteinberg et al. was carried in directional coupler
Go out to use two arrays of electrodes, provides level field and vertical field respectively to realize that device is unrelated with polarization, this method is only capable of one fixed
Modulation efficiency independent of direction is realized in degree, and there are larger Polarization Dependent Loss；1984, YBourb1 et al. was used
The method that adjusting electrode and the relative position of waveguide establish non homogen field, has been made unrelated with polarization of one group of electrode design
M-Z type modulator, but this design difficulty is larger, and craft precision is more demanding.
For polarizing unrelated electrooptic modulator, the country also has been reported that passing Ti using Z spreads LiNbO3Waveguide is in X and Y-axis
On direction making, but simultaneously because the electric light system of niobic acid lithium material in the x and y directions are realized with identical electro-optic coefficient
Number is smaller, causes the device made to generally require higher half-wave voltage, it is difficult to meet needed for system.
In recent years, lithium niobate fiber waveguide is also once cut using the X of titanium diffusion technique by this seminar and the Z of titanium diffusion technique cuts niobium
The problems such as sour lithium optical waveguide is integrated to realize that polarization is unrelated, but still there are Polarization Dependent Loss.
Invention content
For the problems in background technology, the present invention is proposed a kind of realized using faraday rotation mirror and polarizes unrelated niobium
Sour lithium electro-optic phase modulator, innovation are：The lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator includes lithium niobate chip, faraday's rotation
Tilting mirror and speculum；Slab waveguide and two modulator electrodes are integrated on the lithium niobate chip, two modulator electrodes are parallel to be set
It sets, the region between two modulator electrodes forms modulator zone, and slab waveguide is arranged in modulator zone；One end of slab waveguide with it is outer
The connection of device light path is enclosed, the other end of slab waveguide is connect with faraday rotation mirror light path, faraday rotation mirror and mirror light
Road connects；The optical transport that faraday rotation mirror can export slab waveguide to speculum, speculum can return the light reflection received
Faraday rotation mirror, the optical transport that faraday rotation mirror can reflect speculum to slab waveguide；The faraday rotation mirror
Optically-active angle is 45 °.
The principle of the present invention is：When peripheral unit is to slab waveguide input optical signal, work of the optical signal in modulator electrode
It is modulated for the first time with lower quilt, modulated optical signal is exported from slab waveguide to faraday rotation mirror, in faraday rotation mirror
Under effect, the polarization direction of optical signal occurs to rotate for the first time, and then, optical signal under the action of speculum, is reflected back method again
Revolving mirror is drawn, the polarization direction for being reflected back the optical signal of faraday rotation mirror occurs second and rotates again, and then optical signal is again
It returns in slab waveguide, and by second of modulation of modulator electrode；
In aforementioned process, modulator electrode modulates optical signal twice, and faraday rotation mirror is also by optical signal
Polarization direction has rotated twice；Based on the prior art it is found that when optical signal passes through faraday rotation mirror, the rotation of polarization direction
Direction is changeless, and in the present invention program, when rotating for the first time, the polarization direction of optical signal has rotated 45 °, second
When rotation, the polarization direction of optical signal has rotated 45 ° again, that is, after second rotates, the polarization direction of optical signal, compared to
The polarization direction for initially entering the optical signal of slab waveguide has rotated 90 °, this allows for after modulating for the first time, modulates for second
Before, the position of horizontal direction polarised light and vertical direction polarised light is exchanged；Based on the prior art it is found that modulator electrode pair
The modulation efficiency of the light of two polarization directions is different, and there is also differences for the loss of the light of two polarization directions；Work as optical signal
When being modulated for the first time, the modulation efficiency of the light of the first polarization direction of modulator electrode pair is higher, to the light of the second polarization direction
Modulation efficiency is relatively low, and the light of two polarization directions is each lossy；When optical signal is modulated for the second time, modulator electrode is inclined at two
The modulation efficiency on direction of shaking and loss effect do not change, and the position of the light of two polarization directions is exchanged,
Then, the modulation efficiency and loss acted on the light of two polarization directions is also exchanged, and after modulating twice, two partially
The modulation effect suffered by light to shake on direction is identical with loss, is finally achieved that the modulation unrelated with polarization, compares
In the prior art, structure of the invention very simple is ingenious, can realize complete polarization under conditions of not reducing any index
Unrelated modulation.
When concrete application, optical circulator is set in peripheral unit, lithium niobate electric light phase tune is realized by optical circulator
The input of device processed, output branch.
Preferably, the faraday rotation mirror is made of cylindrical gyrotropi crystal and magnet ring, and gyrotropi crystal is socketed in magnetic
In ring.When it is implemented, the making of bismuth iron garnet can be used in gyrotropi crystal, rare-earth magnet making can be used in magnet ring.
The present invention program is applicable not only to the electro-optic phase modulator of niobic acid lithium material, could be applicable to other materials,
There are on the phase-modulator of modulation of polarization direction difference.
The method have the benefit that：It proposes a kind of realized using faraday rotation mirror and polarizes unrelated lithium niobate
Electro-optic phase modulator, the apparatus structure is simply ingenious, can realize complete polarization under conditions of not reducing any index
Unrelated modulation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1, existing lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator modulation effect schematic diagram；
Fig. 2, the principle of the present invention schematic diagram；
The hardware schematic of Fig. 3, the present invention；
Title in figure corresponding to each label is respectively：Lithium niobate chip 1, slab waveguide 1-1, modulator electrode 1-2, method
Draw revolving mirror 2, gyrotropi crystal 2-1, magnet ring 2-2, speculum 3, input light A, output light B, the first polarised light C, the second polarization
Light D.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of realized using faraday rotation mirror polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator, and innovation is：Institute
It includes lithium niobate chip 1, faraday rotation mirror 2 and speculum 3 to state lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator；The lithium niobate chip 1
On be integrated with slab waveguide 1-1 and two modulator electrode 1-2, two modulator electrode 1-2 are arranged in parallel, two modulator electrode 1-2
Between region form modulator zone, slab waveguide 1-1 is arranged in modulator zone；One end of slab waveguide 1-1 and peripheral unit light
Road connects, and the other end of slab waveguide 1-1 is connect with 2 light path of faraday rotation mirror, faraday rotation mirror 2 and 3 light path of speculum
Connection；Faraday rotation mirror 2 can be by optical transport that slab waveguide 1-1 is exported to speculum 3, and speculum 3 can be anti-by the light received
It is emitted back towards faraday rotation mirror 2, the optical transport that faraday rotation mirror 2 can reflect speculum 3 to slab waveguide 1-1；The farad
The optically-active angle of revolving mirror 2 is 45 °.
Further, the faraday rotation mirror 2 is made of cylindrical gyrotropi crystal and magnet ring, and gyrotropi crystal is socketed in
In magnet ring.
Referring to Fig. 1, structure as shown in the figure is typical lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator, and input light is from slab waveguide 1-1
One end enter, after modulated electrode 1-2 modulation, projected from the other end of slab waveguide 1-1；Using this lithium niobate electric light phase
When the modulator of position, the modulation efficiency of the light on two polarization directions of lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator pair has differences, meanwhile, two
There is also differences for the Polarization Dependent Loss of light on a polarization direction, for ease of illustrating, on the diagram, with the crisscross arrows in box
The extent of deterioration of the light on two polarization directions is indicated respectively, if the loss of the first polarised light C is more than the second polarised light D,
As shown, after modulation, the arrow length corresponding to the first polarised light C is less than the arrow length corresponding to the second polarised light D；
Referring to Fig. 2, if in input light, lateral for the first polarised light C, vertical is the second polarised light D；Input light is through adjusting
After electrode 1-2 processed is modulated for the first time, the state of the light on two polarization directions is identical as Fig. 1, i.e. the loss of the first polarised light C is big
In the second polarised light D, then optical signal passes through faraday rotation mirror 2, under the action of faraday rotation mirror 2, two for the first time
Light on polarization direction has rotated 45 degree, and then, after the reflection of speculum 3, optical signal passes through faraday rotation mirror for the second time
2, the light on two polarization directions all has rotated 45 degree again, from the output to the light of slab waveguide 1-1 of faraday rotation mirror 2, two
The position of light on a polarization direction has occurred and that exchange, and later, modulator electrode 1-2 again carries out at second of modulation light
Reason, finally, the loss of the light on two polarization directions is consistent, and the light on each polarization direction is in two kinds of modulation efficiency conditions
It is lower to have been modulated twice.
When it is implemented, to keep structure compacter, optical fiber can be affixed directly on faraday rotation mirror 2, be considered
To junction loss, also can lens be set between optical fiber and faraday rotation mirror 2.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of realized using faraday rotation mirror polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator, it is characterised in that：It is described
Lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator includes lithium niobate chip (1), faraday rotation mirror (2) and speculum (3)；The lithium niobate core
Slab waveguide (1-1) and two modulator electrodes (1-2) are integrated on piece (1), two modulator electrodes (1-2) are arranged in parallel, two
Region between modulator electrode (1-2) forms modulator zone, and slab waveguide (1-1) is arranged in modulator zone；Slab waveguide (1-1)
One end is connect with peripheral unit light path, and the other end of slab waveguide (1-1) is connect with faraday rotation mirror (2) light path, faraday
Revolving mirror (2) is connect with speculum (3) light path；The optical transport that faraday rotation mirror (2) can export slab waveguide (1-1) is to anti-
Mirror (3) is penetrated, the light reflection received can be returned faraday rotation mirror (2) by speculum (3), and faraday rotation mirror (2) can be by speculum
(3) optical transport reflected is to slab waveguide (1-1)；The optically-active angle of the faraday rotation mirror (2) is 45 °.
2. according to claim 1 realized using faraday rotation mirror polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator,
It is characterized in that：The faraday rotation mirror (2) is made of cylindrical gyrotropi crystal and magnet ring, and gyrotropi crystal is socketed in magnet ring
It is interior.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810208679.1A CN108490648A (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | It is realized using faraday rotation mirror and polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810208679.1A CN108490648A (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | It is realized using faraday rotation mirror and polarizes unrelated lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulator |
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| CN108490648A true CN108490648A (en) | 2018-09-04 |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS597335A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1984-01-14 | トムソン−セエスエフ | Optically integrated modulation device independent of polarized state of incident light |
| JPH103066A (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1998-01-06 | Shinji Yamashita | Optical modulation device and wavelength add-drop module |
| EP1109051A1 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-06-20 | Qtera Corporation | Polarisation independent optical phase modulator |
| CN101498847A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2009-08-05 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Method for reducing laser coherence and its phase modulator |
| CN102033334A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-04-27 | 江汉大学 | Electro-optic modulator based on gamma 51 and realization method |
| CN103453899A (en) * | 2012-06-03 | 2013-12-18 | 李卫 | Passive phase modulator for optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN104246584A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2014-12-24 | 莱卡地球系统公开股份有限公司 | Electro-optic modulator and electro-optic distance-measuring device |
-
2018
- 2018-03-14 CN CN201810208679.1A patent/CN108490648A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS597335A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1984-01-14 | トムソン−セエスエフ | Optically integrated modulation device independent of polarized state of incident light |
| JPH103066A (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1998-01-06 | Shinji Yamashita | Optical modulation device and wavelength add-drop module |
| EP1109051A1 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-06-20 | Qtera Corporation | Polarisation independent optical phase modulator |
| CN101498847A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2009-08-05 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Method for reducing laser coherence and its phase modulator |
| CN102033334A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-04-27 | 江汉大学 | Electro-optic modulator based on gamma 51 and realization method |
| CN104246584A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2014-12-24 | 莱卡地球系统公开股份有限公司 | Electro-optic modulator and electro-optic distance-measuring device |
| CN103453899A (en) * | 2012-06-03 | 2013-12-18 | 李卫 | Passive phase modulator for optical fiber gyroscope |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| É. I. ALEKSEEV等: "Recirculation Fiber Loop Interferometer with a Faraday Reflector", 《TECHNICAL PHYSICS LETTERS》 * |
| 陈硕等: "铌酸锂低半波电压电光调制器研究", 《光电器件》 * |
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Application publication date: 20180904 |
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