CN108490138B - 根据激光雷达观测数据判断船舶污染物是否超标的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及船舶污染物检测技术领域,特别是涉及一种根据微脉冲激光雷达观测数据判断船舶排放污染物是否超标的方法,包括以下步骤:一、在实验船上安装CO2浓度观测仪、SO2浓度观测仪、PM10测量仪;二,记录不同的实验船运行时由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据及实验船上浓度观测仪观测的数据;三、将由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据与实验船上的浓度观测仪观测的数据进行数据拟合;四、根据船舶污染气体排放的相关文件中对不同气体排放的临界值结合拟合函数。本装置实现通过观测烟囱处污染气体的浓度便快速、高效的判断船舶排放的污染气体浓度是否超标。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及船舶污染物检测技术领域,特别是涉及一种根据微脉冲激光雷达观测数据判断船舶排放污染物是否超标的方法。
背景技术
我国是“世界工厂”,也是全球第二大能源进口国,因此航运需求量大,停靠我国港口的散货船、集装箱船和油船等运输船舶的数量大,从而导致船舶大气污染物排放总量也非常大。据测算,2016年全国船舶二氧化硫排放量约占全国排放总量的8.4%,氮氧化物排放量占11.3%,表明船舶污染已成为我国许多港口城市和内河区域大气质量的主要污染源。
如果要求每个过往船舶都靠岸接受详细的监测不仅需要花费大量时间及人力物力,而且严重影响船舶通行效率。因此,如何快速高效的判断船舶排放污染物是否超标成为一个必须攻克的难题。
发明内容
本发明为了有效的解决上述背景技术中的问题,提出了一种根据微脉冲激光雷达观测数据判断船舶排放污染物是否超标的方法,具体技术方案如下:
一种根据微脉冲激光雷达观测数据判断船舶排放污染物是否超标的方法,包括以下步骤:步骤一、在实验船上安装CO2浓度观测仪、SO2浓度观测仪、PM10测量仪;
步骤二,同时记录不同的实验船运行时由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据及实验船上浓度观测仪观测的数据,并构建样本库;
步骤三、将由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据与实验船上的浓度观测仪观测的数据进行数据拟合,构建拟合函数;
步骤四、根据船舶污染气体排放的相关文件中对不同气体排放的临界值结合拟合函数,计算出由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据临界值,并适当降低得到观测危险值;
步骤五,进行实际的应用,当船只驶入港口通过微脉冲激光雷达观测出的数值大于观测危险值时,便要求船舶停岸,进行进一步的浓度检测,当船只驶入港口通过微脉冲激光雷达观测出的数值小于观测危险值时,允许船舶通行。
优选地,所述CO2浓度观测仪、SO2浓度观测仪、PM10测量仪安装在发动机附近。
本发明的有益效果是:
直接使用微脉冲激光雷达观测烟囱处排放的气体,会出现无法测出发动机处污染气体的浓度且观测浓度偏低的问题。本发明采用的比对分析和构建拟合函数的方法可以很好的解决这一问题。进而可以实现通过观测烟囱处污染气体的浓度便快速、高效的判断船舶排放的污染气体浓度是否超标。
附图说明
图1为如何确定观测危险值流程图;
图2为判别船舶污染物是否超标流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明;
一种根据微脉冲激光雷达观测数据判断船舶排放污染物是否超标的方法,如图1,首先在实验船上安装CO2浓度观测仪、SO2浓度观测仪、PM10测量仪对船舶发动机处污染气体进行浓度观测,与此同时,用微脉冲激光雷达对烟囱口处排放出的气体进行观测;然后,将不同实验船、不同时刻分别用微脉冲激光雷达和浓度观测仪观测的结果进行整理,并构建样本库;对同一实验船,同一时刻观测的结果进行比对分析,并构建拟合函数;根据船舶污染气体排放浓度的相关文件中对发动机处不同气体排放的浓度要求,结合拟合函数计算出由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据临界值,并适当降低得到观测危险值。
如图2,将用微脉冲激光雷达对过往船只观测得到的实际观测值与观测危险值进行比较,当实际观测值小于观测危险值时,允许船舶通行;当实际观测值大于观测危险值时,要求船舶靠岸并进行进一步的浓度检测。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种根据微脉冲激光雷达观测数据判断船舶排放污染物是否超标的方法,包括以下步骤:步骤一、在实验船上安装CO2浓度观测仪、SO2浓度观测仪、PM10测量仪;
步骤二,同时记录不同的实验船运行时由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据及实验船上浓度观测仪观测的数据,并构建样本库;
步骤三、将由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据与实验船上的浓度观测仪观测的数据进行数据拟合,构建拟合函数;
步骤四、根据船舶污染气体排放的相关文件中对不同气体排放的临界值结合拟合函数,计算出由微脉冲激光雷达观测的数据临界值,并适当降低得到观测危险值;
步骤五,进行实际的应用,当船只驶入港口通过微脉冲激光雷达观测出的数值大于观测危险值时,便要求船舶停岸,进行进一步的浓度检测,当船只驶入港口通过微脉冲激光雷达观测出的数值小于观测危险值时,允许船舶通行;
所述CO2浓度观测仪、SO2浓度观测仪、PM10测量仪安装在发动机附近。
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