CN108489981A - Electric branch three-dimensional configuration real-time detection apparatus - Google Patents

Electric branch three-dimensional configuration real-time detection apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108489981A
CN108489981A CN201810171916.1A CN201810171916A CN108489981A CN 108489981 A CN108489981 A CN 108489981A CN 201810171916 A CN201810171916 A CN 201810171916A CN 108489981 A CN108489981 A CN 108489981A
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China
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ground electrode
pressure chamber
observation
module
electric branch
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CN201810171916.1A
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CN108489981B (en
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尹毅
郭沣
吴建东
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures

Abstract

A kind of electric branch three-dimensional configuration real-time detection apparatus, including:Rotation supporting module and the observation module being arranged on and high-pressure modular, high-pressure modular is stationary in detection process, and observation module rotates observation centered on high-pressure modular.The present invention can rotate observation module to shoot the electric branch section of different rotary angle while applying high voltage electric field, then the three-dimensional information of electric branch is restored by image procossing, realize the real-time observation to electric branch three-dimensional structure.

Description

Electric branch three-dimensional configuration real-time detection apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of solid insulating material detection field, specifically a kind of electric branch three-dimensional configurations Real-time detection apparatus.
Background technology
Electric branch is one of an important factor for causing power cable insulation to fail.Currently, each R&D institution is to different condition Extensive research has been carried out with growth characteristics in the initiation of electric branch in lower insulating materials.Laboratory to the initiation of electric branch with The research of growth characteristics is mainly using the structure of needle plate electrode, and there are mainly two types of observation methods:First, in experiment end Sample is sliced afterwards, is observed with equipment such as microscopes;Second is that using the capture apparatus such as industrial camera to set electricity during the experiment Branch observation in real time.However actually electric branch is the structure of three-dimensional, above two is to what the observation procedure of electric branch was seen Section of the electric branch on camera lens focal plane can lose a part of information of electric branch.
Invention content
The present invention can only be by carrying out CT observations, Wu Fashi for the three-dimensional electric branch technology of existing observation after detection by print When observation and the higher deficiency of cost, propose a kind of electric branch three-dimensional configuration real-time detection apparatus, can apply high-voltage electricity While rotary taking different rotary angle electric branch section, then by image procossing restore electric branch three-dimensional information, Realize the real-time observation to electric branch three-dimensional structure.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention includes:Rotation supporting module and the observation module being arranged on and high-pressure modular, high-pressure modular exist Stationary in detection process, observation module rotates observation centered on high-pressure modular.
The high-pressure modular includes:High-pressure chamber, be set to by limiting device pin electrode inside high-pressure chamber and It is set to the ground electrode in high-pressure chamber by earthing or grounding means, wherein:Pin electrode is connected with the high-voltage power supply outside high-pressure chamber, ground Electrode is connected with the ground potential outside high-pressure chamber.
The high-pressure chamber and sample to be tested is that transparent material is made.
Above the high-pressure chamber voltage equalizing ball is equipped with high-voltage power supply junction.
The sample to be tested is set between pin electrode and ground electrode and three is located on the central axes of high pressure chest, needle electricity Pole is inserted into sample to be tested, and is pressed on ground electrode by mobile banking stop.
The ground electrode is connected by ground wire with ground potential, which passes through the rubber stopper and ground electrode below cavity Ground electrode is grounded by housing.
The observation module includes:Rotary frame and the light source mechanism and observation airplane for being movably set in its both ends respectively Structure, wherein:Rotary frame is rotatably dispose in rotation supporting module, and light source mechanism and sampling mechanism are respectively arranged at high-pressure modular Opposite side, rotary frame rotates and drives light source mechanism and sampling mechanism around high-pressure modular by half of circumference in experimentation It is divided into several shooting angle, shooting sample to be tested crosses the section of center line in different angle, and then by image processing techniques, By the three-dimensional structure of the photo synthesis dimension electric branch of different angle.
The activity setting, i.e., horizontal distance and vertical range between light source mechanism and sampling mechanism and high-pressure modular It can adjust on demand.
The sampling mechanism includes:Industrial camera and the image processing module being attached thereto, wherein:Industrial camera will be adopted The photo collected is by data line transfer to image processing module.
The rotation supporting module includes:The pedestal and pillar being arranged on, pallet and driving mechanism, wherein: Pillar is connected with observation module, and driving mechanism drives observation module to rotate by chain, and pallet is set to post top portion simultaneously It is connected with high-pressure modular.
The chain driving, is connected by the gear being respectively arranged in driving mechanism and pillar and with gear Chain realize.
The driving mechanism, using but be not limited to motor.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the real-time observation of electric branch three-dimensional structure can be achieved in the present invention.The present invention is with cylindric examination The center line of sample is that axis rotates observation device, according to preset rotational trajectory, semi-circumference is divided into several angles, shooting is corresponding The electric branch section picture of angle.It can be obtained the three-dimensional structure information of electric branch after the picture processing of shooting is restored.It will be electric The three-dimensional structure information of branch is corresponding with the time, can obtain electric branch three-dimensional configuration and change with time rule.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
In figure:High-pressure modular 1, observation module 2, rotation supporting module 3;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of high-pressure modular;
In figure:Voltage equalizing ball 1-1, metallic rod 1-2, high-voltage line 1-3, upper cover 1-4, limited post 1-5, spring 1-6, mobile limit Piece 1-7, ground electrode housing 1-8, ground electrode 1-9, pin electrode 1-10, sample to be tested 1-11, ground wire 1-12, cavity 1-13, rubber Fill in 1-14;
Fig. 3 is high-pressure modular internal structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram for observing module;
In figure:Supporting rack 2-1, longitudinal fixture 2-2, industrial camera 2-3, halogen lamp 2-4, horizontal fixture 2-5, rotating arm 2- 6, industrial camera power cord 2-7, halogen lamp support 2-8, halide lamp power supply line 2-9, battery 2-10, data line 2-11, at image Manage module 2-12;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram for rotating supporting module
In figure:Pallet 3-1, pillar 3-2, bearing 3-3, battery case 3-4, chain 3-5, gear wheel 3-6, pinion gear 3-7, electricity Machine 3-8, pedestal 3-9, electric machine controller 3-10;
Fig. 6 is movement locus schematic diagram during observation modularized experiment;
It is illustrated so that every group 4 is opened photo as an example in figure and observes the movement rail that module shoots two groups of photos in one cycle Mark.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment includes:Rotation supporting module 3 and it is rotatably dispose in observation module 2 and height thereon Die block 1.
As shown in Fig. 2, including in the high-pressure modular 1:Voltage equalizing ball 1-1, metallic rod 1-2, high-voltage line 1-3, upper cover 1- 4, limited post 1-5, spring 1-6, mobile banking stop 1-7, ground electrode housing 1-8, ground electrode 1-9, pin electrode 1-10, sample to be tested 1-11, ground wire 1-12, cavity 1-13 and rubber stopper 1-14, wherein:Metallic rod 1-2 is set in the insulated column above upper cover 1-4, Voltage equalizing ball 1-1 is set on metallic rod 1-2, and ground electrode 1-9 is sheathed in ground electrode housing 1-8 and is positioned in cavity 1-13 Between, pin electrode 1-10 is inserted into sample to be tested 1-11, and sample to be tested 1-11 is placed on ground electrode 1-9, and pin electrode 1-10's is upper Side is in contact with mobile banking stop 1-7, and mobile banking stop 1-7 is set to the lower section of limited post 1-5, limited post by spring 1-6 1-5 is set to the bottom end of upper cover 1-4, and pin electrode 1-10 and sample to be tested 1-11 is moved banking stop 1-7 and is pressed on ground electrode 1-9 On, high-voltage line 1-3 connection pin electrode 1-10 and metallic rod 1-2, metallic rod 1-2 then connect with high-voltage power supply, ground wire 1-12 transit chambers Ground electrode 1-9 is grounded by rubber stopper 1-14 and ground electrode housing 1-8 below body 1-13, limited post 1-5, spring 1-6, movement Banking stop 1-7, pin electrode 1-10, sample to be tested 1-11, ground electrode 1-9 center line should be overlapped with the center line of cavity 1-13, And height should meet when sample to be tested 1-11 is arranged between ground electrode 1-9 and mobile banking stop 1-7, spring 1-6 is in Compressive state, and the Upper cylindrical of mobile banking stop 1-7 is not substantially lower than the lower surface of limited post 1-5.
The cavity 1-13 is the non-covered container of cylinder, using organic glass material.
The circle centre position of the bottom surface upper surface of the cavity 1-13 is equipped with several cylindrical protrusions, for fixing ground electrode 1- 9 position;The circle centre position of the bottom surfaces cavity 1-13 lower surface is equipped with cylindrical depression, for fixed cavity 1-13 in pallet 3-1 Position;Aperture there are one being set below the sides cavity 1-13, for installing rubber stopper 1-14.
The upper cover 1-4 internal diameter sizes are identical as cavity 1-13 outer diameters, and there are the outer of certain length, the upper covers in outside The entirety of 1-4 is divided into inside and outside two parts, and outside uses aluminum material, inside to use polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), inside upper surface side There is a upward cylinder, for fixing metallic rod 1-2;The other side is equipped with through-hole, for passing through high-voltage line 1-3.Inside upper cover 1-4 There are smaller cylindrical protrusions, size to match with spring 1-6 at the center of lower surface, is used for fixed spring 1-6.
The ground electrode 1-9 is Aluminum cylindrical body, and the bottom surface circle centre position of ground electrode 1-9 has cylindrical depression, ruler The very little protrusion with the bottom surfaces cavity 1-13 upper surface matches, for ground electrode 1-9 to be set to just in the bottom surfaces cavity 1-13 The heart;The side of ground electrode 1-9 is equipped with the threaded bore for connecting ground wire 1-12.
The ground electrode housing 1-8 is the polytetrafluoroethylcombination combination body of cylinder and round platform, inside ground electrode housing 1-8 Hollow, internal diameter matches with ground electrode 1-9.The height of ground electrode housing 1-8 is slightly above ground electrode 1-9 so that sample to be tested Lower end can be fixed by ground electrode housing 1-8 when 1-11 is placed on ground electrode 1-9, the side of ground electrode housing 1-8 round platforms part If there are one through-holes, position is corresponding with the threaded bore of the sides ground electrode 1-9, to pass through ground wire 1-12.
The sample to be tested 1-11 selects the different preferable insulating materials of translucency according to experiment demand.Sample to be tested 1- 11 need to be prepared into cylinder, and diameter should match with ground electrode 1-9 diameters.Pin electrode 1-10 should be inserted in sample to be tested 1-11's Center.
The limited post 1-5 is hollow polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) cylinder, and one end of limited post 1-5 is set to upper cover 1- The center of 4 bottom inner surfaces.Limited post 1-5 internal diameters and the size of spring 1-6 match, and spring 1-6 is set to limited post 1-5's Inside is set to the lower surface inside upper cover 1-4.
The mobile banking stop 1-7 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), including:The diameter to match with the size of spring 1-6 Smaller upper cylinder, the lower cylinder being relatively large in diameter to match with the outer diameter of limited post 1-5.
The lower surface circle centre position of the lower cylinder is equipped with the cylindrical depression that size matches with pin electrode 1-10.
Length of the spring 1-6 when not stressing should be greater than the length of limited post 1-5.
Include in the observation module 2:Industrial camera 2-3, halogen lamp 2-4, rotating arm 2-6, industrial camera power cord 2-7, halogen lamp support 2-8, halide lamp power supply line 2-9, battery 2-10, data line 2-11, image processing module 2-12 and two Group supporting rack 2-1, horizontal fixture 2-5 and longitudinal fixture 2-2, wherein:Industrial camera 2-3 is set to branch by longitudinal fixture 2-2 On support 2-1, supporting rack 2-1 is further set to by horizontal fixture 2-5 on the one end rotating arm 2-6;Halogen lamp 2-4 is set to On halogen lamp support 2-8, entire holder is set to rotating arm by longitudinal fixture 2-2, supporting rack 2-1 and horizontal fixture 2-5 The other end of 2-6, fixed form are similar with industrial camera 2-3;Industrial camera 2-3 passes through industrial camera power cord 2-7 and battery 2-10 is connected, and is connected with image processing module 2-12 by data line 2-11;Halogen lamp 2-4 by halide lamp power supply line 2-9 with Battery 2-10 is connected.
The supporting rack 2-1 is the aluminum rectangular sheet that rectangular straight slot is equipped among one group, and the height of supporting rack 2-1 is excellent Foot is full after the bottom ends supporting rack 2-1 are set on horizontal fixture 2-5, the position of upper end is higher than pin electrode 1-10.
The distance between two supporting rack 2-1 being correspondingly arranged and the width of longitudinal fixture 2-2 match.
The halogen lamp support 2-8 includes:Halogen base and T-type holder, material are aluminum.Halogen base is square Shape aluminium sheet, the distance between width and two supporting rack 2-1 match, and centre is equipped with tapped through hole, for fixing halogen lamp 2- 4, both sides have the outer of 90 ° of foldings, outer to be equipped with tapped through hole.T-type carrier head is equipped with and phase at Halogen base outer Corresponding drilling, for fixing Halogen base, tail portion is equipped with straight slot, for halogen lamp support 2-8 to be set to supporting rack 2-1 On.
Longitudinal fixture 2-2 of industrial camera 2-3 for fixing and longitudinal fixture 2-2 for fixing halogen lamp 2-4 Structure difference lies in:For fix industrial camera longitudinal fixture be rectangle aluminium block, between width and two supporting rack 2-1 away from From matching, centre is equipped with circular through hole, and diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of lens of industrial camera 2-3, the longitudinal direction fixture both sides with Lower section is respectively provided with tapped through hole, for longitudinal fixture to be set to supporting rack 2-1, and industrial camera 2-3 is set to longitudinal direction In fixture 2-2;Longitudinal fixture for fixing halogen lamp 2-4 includes threaded rod and nut, and threaded rod runs through supporting rack 2-1 and T The straight slot of type holder tail portion is fixed with T-type frame junction by nut in supporting rack 2-1.
The rotating arm 2-6 is that middle part is circular aluminum design, and size and the size of battery case 3-4 match, and There are threaded bores for surrounding, for being connected with battery case 3-4.At lower surface center in the middle part of rotating arm 2-6 be equipped with it is smaller The shallow slot that bearing 3-3 sizes match is equipped with circular through hole, the size of size and pillar 3-2 most upper levels at the center at middle part Match.The both sides rotating arm 2-6 are outwardly directed rectangle stock, and length should be greater than the longest object distance of industrial camera 2-3.
The horizontal fixture 2-5 is rectangle aluminium block, and it is logical slightly larger than the rectangle of rotating arm 2-6 stocks that middle part is equipped with size Hole, there are tapped through hole, horizontal fixture 2-5 can be set to rotating arm 2-6's by attachment screw for the side of horizontal fixture 2-5 On stock.The upper surface of horizontal fixture 2-5 is equipped with the threaded bore for fixing support rack 2-1.
Include in the rotation supporting module:It is pallet 3-1, pillar 3-2, bearing 3-3, battery case 3-4, chain 3-5, big Gear 3-6, pinion gear 3-7, motor 3-8, pedestal 3-9, electric machine controller 3-10, wherein:Pillar 3-2 is respectively provided with motor 3-8 In on pedestal 3-9, pallet 3-1 is set on pillar 3-2, and high-pressure modular 1 is set on pallet 3-1, and bearing 3-3 has two kinds of size Size is individually positioned at the ladder of pillar 3-2, and big bearing is connected with gear wheel 3-6, the rotating arm of small bearing and observation module 2-6 is connected, and battery case 3-4 is set on gear wheel 3-6, and battery 2-10 of the inside for placing observation module, pinion gear 3-7 are set Be placed in the rotary shaft of motor 3-8, and by chain 3-5 with gear wheel 3-6 be connected, motor 3-8 is connected with electric machine controller, When device works, motor 3-8 drives gear wheel 3-6 rotations, and then the entire observation mould for driving battery case 3-4 and being arranged on Block 2 rotates.
The pillar 3-2 materials are aluminum, including:Lower part is round platform, and top is the three-level cylindrical structure of step type, In:The diameter of the cylindrical structure of most upper level matches with smaller bearing 3-3 internal diameters;The diameter of the cylindrical structure of intermediate level-one The outer diameter of smaller bearing 3-3 is matched and is less than with the internal diameter of larger bearing 3-3;The diameter of the cylindrical structure of most next stage is less than The outer diameter of larger bearing 3-3, i.e. two bearing 3-3 are individually positioned at two ladders of pillar 3-2.
It is connect on the bearing 3-3 that the rotating arm 2-6 perches and with the outside of bearing 3-3.
The lower surfaces gear wheel 3-6 are equipped with the shallow slot that size matches with the bearing 3-3 outer diameters positioned at lower, center The through-hole that place is equipped with level-one diameter matches among pillar 3-2, i.e. gear wheel 3-6 are placed on the bearing 3-3 of lower Face is simultaneously connect with the outside of bearing 3-3.
The present apparatus is tested in the following manner:Ground electrode 1-9 is placed in ground electrode housing 1-8, chamber is placed on The centers body 1-13.The sample to be tested 1-11 for being inserted into pin electrode 1-10 is placed on ground electrode 1-9.Ground wire 1-12 is passed through into rubber Plug 1-14 and ground electrode housing 1-8 is set on ground electrode 1-9, is applied with fillings such as silicon rubber or epoxy glues at rubber stopper 1-14 Material sealing.Transformer oil or silicone oil are added in cavity 1-13 makes pasta be higher than pin electrode 1-10.One end of high-voltage line 1-3 is connected It is connected on pin electrode 1-10, the other end passes through the through-hole of upper cover 1-4.Cover upper cover 1-4 so that mobile banking stop 1-7 is pressed in needle The upper end of electrode 1-10.Another by high-voltage line 1-3 terminates on metallic rod 1-2, and metallic rod 1-2 is connected with high-tension circuit, Reconnect voltage equalizing ball 1-1.
Adjust horizontal fixture 2-5 and longitudinal fixture 2-2 so that sample to be tested 1-11 is fully illuminated, industrial camera 2-3's The needle point of camera lens and pin electrode 1-10 is on same axis, and industrial camera 2-3 is focused to by sample to be tested 1-11 In the plane of heart line.Adjust the camera lens amplification factor of industrial camera 2-3 so that be amplified to required multiple at needle point, and make Image is clearly shown on image processing module 2-12.Locked longitudinal direction fixture 2-2 and horizontal fixture 2-5.
The angle that motor 3-8 rotations are set according to detection demand, starts motor 3-8.Motor 3-8 drives industrial camera 2- 3 often rotate the angle of setting after can all stop the shorter time, stopping time industrial camera 2-3 to the to be tested of the angle Sample 1-11 takes pictures, and photo is reached image processing module 2-12.The track rotations of motor 3-8 as shown in Figure 6, per hemicycle Zhou Weiyi groups.One group of picture is restored with special image processing software, obtains three of electric branch in this group of time Tie up structure.Every group later is all handled like this, obtains the three-dimensional structure that electric branch changes over time.
Detection terminates, and after closing high-voltage power supply and fully short circuit dischange, sample to be tested 1-11 is taken out, to sample to be tested 1-11 Electric branch part carries out slice observation, reads the actual size of electric branch.Therewith with the size in industrial camera 2-3 observation softwares It does and compares, ratio is the amplification coefficient of cavity 1-13 and sample to be tested 1-11 to electric branch.By obtained three-dimensional electricity before The length and width divided by amplification coefficient of branch just obtain the three-dimensional electric branch of actual size.
Above-mentioned specific implementation can by those skilled in the art under the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and objective with difference Mode carry out local directed complete set to it, protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims and not by above-mentioned specific implementation institute Limit, each implementation within its scope is by the constraint of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of electric branch three-dimensional configuration real-time detection apparatus, which is characterized in that including:It rotates supporting module and is arranged on Observation module and high-pressure modular, high-pressure modular is stationary in detection process, observation module centered on high-pressure modular Rotation observation;
The observation module includes:Rotary frame and the light source mechanism and sampling mechanism for being movably set in its both ends respectively, Wherein:Rotary frame is rotatably dispose in rotation supporting module, and light source mechanism and sampling mechanism are respectively arranged at high-pressure modular Opposite side, rotary frame rotates and drives light source mechanism and sampling mechanism to draw half of circumference around high-pressure modular in experimentation It is divided into several shooting angle, shooting sample to be tested crosses the section of center line in different angle, and then by image processing techniques, will The three-dimensional structure of the photo synthesis dimension electric branch of different angle.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-pressure modular includes:High-pressure chamber is filled by limiting The ground electrode for installing the pin electrode being placed in inside high-pressure chamber and being set to by earthing or grounding means in high-pressure chamber, wherein:Needle electricity Pole is connected with the high-voltage power supply outside high-pressure chamber, and ground electrode is connected with the ground potential outside high-pressure chamber, and sample to be tested is set to Between pin electrode and ground electrode and three is located on the central axes of high pressure chest, and pin electrode is inserted into sample to be tested, and passes through movement Banking stop is pressed on ground electrode.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, characterized in that the high-pressure chamber includes:Cavity and be attached thereto it is upper Lid, wherein:The circle centre position of the bottom surface upper surface of cavity be equipped with it is several for fixing the cylindrical protrusions of ground electrode, under cavity bottom surface The circle centre position on surface is equipped with the cylindrical depression for connecting rotation supporting module, is set below cavity side there are one aperture, For installing rubber stopper;Upper cover internal diameter size is identical as cavity outer diameter, and there are the outer of certain length, the entirety of the upper cover in outside It is divided into inside and outside two parts, outside is aluminum, and inside is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and inside upper surface side is useful for fixed metallic rod Cylinder, the other side are equipped with for the through-hole by high-voltage line, are equipped with for fixed spring at the center of upper cover bottom inner surface Cylindrical protrusions.
4. device according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-pressure chamber is equipped with voltage equalizing ball, and the voltage equalizing ball is logical The metallic rod is crossed with high-pressure chamber to be connected.
5. the apparatus of claim 2, characterized in that the ground electrode is connected by ground wire with ground potential, the ground Ground electrode is grounded by line by the rubber stopper below high-pressure chamber and ground electrode housing.
6. device according to claim 3, characterized in that the sampling mechanism includes industrial camera and image procossing mould Block, wherein:Industrial camera is by collected photo by data line transfer to image processing module.
7. the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation supporting module includes:It pedestal and is set to Pillar, pallet and driving mechanism thereon, wherein:Observation module on pillar gear and bearing be connected, driving mechanism passes through Chain driving observation module rotation, pallet are set to post top portion and are connected with high-pressure modular.
8. device according to claim 7, characterized in that the pillar includes:Round platform and the rank being arranged on The three-level cylindrical structure of ladder type.
9. device according to claim 8, characterized in that the chain driving, by being respectively arranged at driving Gear in mechanism and pillar and the chain being connected with gear are realized.
CN201810171916.1A 2018-03-01 2018-03-01 Real-time detection device for three-dimensional shape of electric tree Active CN108489981B (en)

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