CN1084852C - Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car - Google Patents
Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car Download PDFInfo
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- CN1084852C CN1084852C CN99102021A CN99102021A CN1084852C CN 1084852 C CN1084852 C CN 1084852C CN 99102021 A CN99102021 A CN 99102021A CN 99102021 A CN99102021 A CN 99102021A CN 1084852 C CN1084852 C CN 1084852C
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- district
- stepless speed
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a hydraulic mechanical stepless speed changer for automobiles, which comprises a hydrodynamic moment changer, a constant mesh tower-shaped gear transmission mechanism and a wet type multichip bidirectional clutch, wherein the hydrodynamic moment changer is provided with a unidirectional overrunning clutch; turbines in the moment changer are connected by shafts and shaft sleeves to form an output gear mechanism. In the process of automobile operation, the rotary speed of the work turbine is changed by following the change of resistance moment. At the time, the turbine which forms a maximum rotational speed slip with a pump wheel and is matched with external resistance moment automatically works under the function of hydraulic kinetic energy, and thus, the purpose of a stepless speed change is realized.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car, the stepless speed variator that especially a kind of converter coupling combines with normal engagement turriform gear mechanism.
Existing stepless speed variator kind is limited, particularly with combine with the gear mechanism stepless speed variator of external outputting power of fluid coupling or fluid torque converter, does not also have in the world at present.And use is electronic automatic transmission more widely, its structure more complicated, and the manufacture cost height when automaitc shfit, exists power to cut off phenomenon, and oil consumption is increased.Need special-purpose detection facility during maintenance, be unfavorable for promotion and application.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car, its speed ratio is stepless variation.This stepless speed variator allows collaborative work freely between the power of motor and the automobile power demand, make motor when any operating mode (except the starting) all with peak output work, thereby improve power character, Economy and the passing ability of automobile.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following structure, it comprises: converter coupling, normal engagement turriform gear mechanism, the Wet-type multi-disc twin-direction clutch, hydrovalve and oil pump, described converter coupling is by a pump impeller 7 and three turbines 2,4,6 form, wherein, low velocity zone turbine 2 is equipped with mono-directional overrun clutch 3, and high velocity turbine 4 is equipped with mono-directional overrun clutch 5, three turbines are respectively with low velocity zone output shaft 8 and high velocity output sleeve 9 hypervelocity district output sleeves 10 and output gear 13,12,11 are connected, described turriform driving gear 26,27,28 often mesh with corresponding gear 13,12,11 respectively, the both sides of described Wet-type multi-disc twin-direction clutch are equipped with forward gears output gear 14 and reverse gear output gear 20 respectively, and being shaped as of forward gears hydraulic piston 16 and reverse gear hydraulic piston 18 is circular.
Adopt after the said structure, the power of motor output, through converter coupling, to form three speed and moment of torsion interval, i.e. low velocity zone, high velocity, with the hypervelocity district, by the externally output respectively of three gears that differ in size, all gears all are often engagement type, the impact when not having power interruption and gear engagement.This stepless speed variator has only requisite three gears, i.e. forward gears, neutral gear and reverse gear.Transforming gear is finished by electromagnetic hydraulic valve (not shown) or hand-hydraulic valve.The cool cycles whole lubricated and the torque-converters inner fluid of the hydraulic power of twin-direction clutch and speed changer all provides by oil pump.The twin-direction clutch both sides are separately installed with forward gears and reverse gear output gear, and forward velocity is identical with back-up speed during operation, and the mobility of automobile is improved.This stepless speed variator is compared with the electronic automatic transmission that various countries use, and simple in structure, component are few, easy processing, low cost of manufacture.No matter in which speed district, the stepless variation always of its speed ratio, and the transition in three speed and moment of torsion interval, its speed ratio also is stepless variation.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement case of the present invention is described in further detail.
Overall structure of the present invention as shown in the figure, pump impeller input shaft 1 is connected with pump impeller 7 by the torque-converters housing, provides power to each turbine in the torque-converters.Low velocity zone turbine 2 is fixed on the outer race of mono-directional overrun clutch 3, and the inner race of mono-directional overrun clutch 3 is hub spliness, and it and low velocity zone output shaft 8 and low velocity zone output gear 13 are rigidly connected.High velocity turbine 4 is fixed on the outer race of mono-directional overrun clutch 5, and the inner race of mono-directional overrun clutch 5 is hub spliness, and it and high velocity output sleeve 9 and high velocity output gear 12 are rigidly connected.Hypervelocity district turbine 6 is rigidly connected with hypervelocity district output sleeve 10 and hypervelocity district output gear 11.Low velocity zone driving gear 26, high velocity driving gear 27, hypervelocity district's driving gear 28, descending one-tenth turriform is fixed on the jack shaft 23, and with output gear 13,12,11 engagements often.Forward gears driving gear 25 is fixed on the jack shaft 23, and often meshes with forward gears output gear 14, and forward gears output gear 14 is connected with forward gear clutch 15.Wet-type multi-disc twin-direction clutch cylinder body is fixed on the case of transmission, the garden that the is shaped as ring-type of forward gears hydraulic piston 16 and reverse gear hydraulic piston 18, and be connected with two clutch pressure plates that screw and its fit, reverse gear driving gear 22 also is fixed on the jack shaft 23, and often mesh with reverse idler gear 21, and reverse idler gear 21 and reverse gear output gear 20 often mesh, and form the reverse gear output mechanism.Oil pump 29 provides power by pump impeller 7, wherein a part of hydraulic oil at first enters accumulator (not showing among the figure), the high pressure oil that accumulator provides enters hydrovalve 24 through the pipeline road (not shown), and hydrovalve 24 makes clutch or separation to multi-disc twin-direction clutch oil cylinder transmitting power oil.
Above-mentioned is the overall structure of this stepless speed variator, and its working principle is as follows.
The low velocity zone working principle:
After the engine start, pump impeller 7 will rotate synchronously with engine crankshaft, liquid in the torque-converters is subjected to centrifugal action under the drive of pump impeller 7, to flow by direction shown in the arrow among the figure, produce liquid flowing energy thus, when the driver desires to make vehicle starting, at first operate electromagnetic hydraulic valve (not shown) or hand-hydraulic valve 24, fluid pressure is acted on the garden annular end face of forward gears hydraulic piston 16, piston 16 is moved to the left under hydraulic pressure, make clutch 15 combinations by pressing plate, step on accelerator pedal then, the rotating speed of pump impeller 7 is improved, meanwhile, act on turbine 2,4, the braking torque on 6 strengthens, and the surface resistance square will act on the jack shaft 23 by forward gears output gear 14 and forward gears driving gear 25, be fixed on the turriform driving gear 26,27,28 on the jack shaft 23 owing to vary in size, the resistance that is transmitted (annotate: resisting moment is identical) also inequality, gear 26 is normal engagement with gear 13, acts on the resisting moment minimum on the gear 13, therefore is attached thereto the turbine 2 that connects and at first rotates, external carry-over moment, at this moment, car speed is lower, is called low velocity zone.
When turbine 2 work, turbine 4 surmounts.Because the effect of gear ratio, the rotating speed of the rotating ratio turbine 2 of turbine 6 is low, and identical with the sense of rotation of pump impeller 7, plays guide wheel and the effect of low velocity zone power-assisted.
The high velocity working principle:
Behind the vehicle starting, the surface resistance square will reduce, further acceleration with pump impeller 7, the rotating speed of turbine 2 also will improve, when turbine 2 and pump impeller 7 near or when reaching the coupling operating mode, turbine 2 and pump impeller 7 reach maximum value with the rotating speed slippage of turbine 4, because the effect of liquid flowing energy, turbine 4 will be devoted oneself to work automatically, and by high velocity output gear 12 outside outputting power squares, automobile enters high velocity and travels.
In the time of high velocity work, turbine 2 and pump impeller 7 rotate in the same way with speed, and turbine 2 does not produce braking torque and resisting moment.Its reason is that the low velocity zone output shaft 8 that links to each other with gear 13 will be because the effect of individual event free wheel device 3 will surmount rotation.Turbine 6 still rotates in the same way with pump impeller 7, but because the effect of gear ratio, rotating speed is lower, thereby can play the guide wheel effect, can increase the outputting power square of high velocity turbine 4.
Hypervelocity district working principle:
Raising along with automobile driving speed, extraneous resisting moment is also satisfied decrescence little, the rotating speed of turbine 4 also will improve, when the rotating speed of turbine 4 and turbine 2 and pump impeller 7 near or when reaching the coupling operating mode, pump impeller 7 and turbine 2 turbines 4 also will reach maximum value with the rotating speed slippage of hypervelocity district turbine 6, same effect owing to liquid flowing energy, hypervelocity district turbine 6 will be devoted oneself to work automatically, and automobile enters the hypervelocity district and travels.
When exceeding the speed limit district's work, gear 12 drives high velocity output sleeve 9 and surmount rotation under the effect of individual event free wheel device 5, gear 13 and output shaft 8 still are in and surmount state, thereby turbine 2 and whirlpool 4 all do not produce braking torque and resisting moment, at this moment, fluid torque converter is worked under the fluid coupling state, with the raising of pump impeller 7 rotating speeds, the turbine 6 externally braking torque of output will increase thereupon, and the travelling speed of automobile will further improve.
The deceleration working principle:
When automobile normal running, extraneous resisting moment is a dynamic parameters, when extraneous resisting moment increases, if the invariant position of accelerator pedal, automobile driving speed must reduce, the secondary speed that is certain transferring power square must reduce, at this moment, and the rotating speed slippage maximum of the rotating speed of which turbine and pump impeller, which turbine will be devoted oneself to work under the effect of liquid flowing energy automatically, therefore, limit to use which speed district work, thereby reach the purpose of automative stepless speed-variation without any need for control mechanism.
If the application reverse gear only needs to press preceding method operation hydrovalve 24, make reverse clutch 19 combinations, just forward gears disconnects thereupon, reverse gear is devoted oneself to work, back-up speed is identical with forward velocity, and the mobility of automobile is enhanced.
In sum, the working principle of this Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car can be summarized as follows: in automobile acceleration and moderating process, and the rotating speed slippage maximum of which turbine and pump impeller, and be complementary with extraneous resisting moment, so, this turbine will be devoted oneself to work under the effect of liquid flowing energy automatically.But when vehicle starting (bad road surface) and low velocity zone, hypervelocity district turbine 6 is owing to be subjected to the influence of surface resistance square overload, and can directly not devote oneself to work this moment, mainly plays guide wheel and power-assisted effect.The turbine of not devoting oneself to work, operating condition have two kinds, and the first surmounts, and it two is to rotate in the same way with pump impeller, does not all produce resistance to motion.
Claims (5)
1. Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car, it comprises: converter coupling, normal engagement turriform gear drive, the Wet-type multi-disc twin-direction clutch, it is characterized in that: integrated type fluid power becomes the beginning device by a pump impeller (7) and three turbines (2,4,6) form, wherein, low velocity zone turbine (2) is equipped with mono-directional overrun clutch (3), high velocity turbine (4) is equipped with mono-directional overrun clutch (5), three turbines are used low velocity zone output shaft (8) and high velocity output sleeve (9) hypervelocity district's output sleeve (10) and output gear (13 respectively, 12,11) be connected, output gear (13,12,11) respectively with turriform gear (26,27,28) normal engagement, the both sides of Wet-type multi-disc twin-direction clutch are equipped with forward gears output gear (14) and reverse gear output gear (20) respectively, forward gears driving gear (25) and the normal engagement of forward gears output gear (14), reverse gear driving gear (22) and reverse idler gear (21) and the normal engagement of reverse gear output gear (20).
2. Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the low velocity zone turbine (2) of converter coupling and mono-directional overrun clutch (3) are installed on the low velocity zone output shaft (8), high velocity turbine (4) and mono-directional overrun clutch (5) are installed on the high velocity output sleeve (9), on high velocity output sleeve (9) the cover low velocity zone output shaft (8), hypervelocity district's turbine (6) is installed on hypervelocity district's output sleeve (10), hypervelocity district's output sleeve (10) is enclosed within on the high velocity output sleeve (9), pump impeller (7) is connected with pump impeller input shaft (1) by the torque-converters housing, and provides power by motor.
3. Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: often mesh the turriform gear drive, be made up of output gear (11,12,13) and driving gear (26,27,28), driving gear (26,27,28) is installed on the jack shaft (23) with forward gears driving gear (25) reverse gear driving gear (22).
4. Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: low velocity zone output gear (13) and the normal engagement of low velocity zone driving gear (26), high velocity output gear (12) and the normal engagement of high velocity driving gear (27), hypervelocity district's output gear (11) and the normal engagement of hypervelocity district's driving gear (28).
5. Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car according to claim 1 is characterized in that: being shaped as of the forward gears hydraulic piston (16) of Wet-type multi-disc twin-direction clutch and reverse gear hydraulic piston (18) is circular.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99102021A CN1084852C (en) | 1999-02-05 | 1999-02-05 | Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99102021A CN1084852C (en) | 1999-02-05 | 1999-02-05 | Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1262403A CN1262403A (en) | 2000-08-09 |
| CN1084852C true CN1084852C (en) | 2002-05-15 |
Family
ID=5270734
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99102021A Expired - Fee Related CN1084852C (en) | 1999-02-05 | 1999-02-05 | Hydromechanical stepless speed variator for car |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1084852C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1142070C (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2004-03-17 | 李定州 | Stepless speed variator for hydraulic machinery |
| US8225915B2 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2012-07-24 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Dual clutch torque converter control system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4493402A (en) * | 1981-06-05 | 1985-01-15 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydraulic torque converter for vehicles |
| DE3502932A1 (en) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-08-29 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | Automatic transmission for motor vehicles |
| US5018996A (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1991-05-28 | Brunswick Corporation | Flow control fluid coupling marine transmission |
-
1999
- 1999-02-05 CN CN99102021A patent/CN1084852C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4493402A (en) * | 1981-06-05 | 1985-01-15 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydraulic torque converter for vehicles |
| DE3502932A1 (en) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-08-29 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | Automatic transmission for motor vehicles |
| US5018996A (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1991-05-28 | Brunswick Corporation | Flow control fluid coupling marine transmission |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1262403A (en) | 2000-08-09 |
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