CN108483560B - Photocatalytic water treatment device and photocatalytic water treatment method - Google Patents
Photocatalytic water treatment device and photocatalytic water treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108483560B CN108483560B CN201810571533.3A CN201810571533A CN108483560B CN 108483560 B CN108483560 B CN 108483560B CN 201810571533 A CN201810571533 A CN 201810571533A CN 108483560 B CN108483560 B CN 108483560B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
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Abstract
The invention provides a photocatalytic water treatment device and a photocatalytic water treatment method. The invention providesThe photocatalytic film in the device can float on the surface of a water body, the utilization rate of natural sunlight by catalytic fibers is effectively improved, the degradation effect is improved, the sunlight is used as a driving force, and the affinity between the photocatalytic fiber material and organic pollutants is utilized to carry out high-efficiency catalytic degradation on the organic pollutants; and the photocatalytic fiber can float on the surface of a water body, so that the utilization rate of the catalytic fiber to natural sunlight is effectively improved, the degradation effect is improved, and efficient sewage treatment can be realized. The experimental result shows that the photocatalytic water treatment device provided by the invention can obviously reduce the content of organic matters in sewage; not only can improve the sewage transmittance (SS), but also can reduce the COD and BOD of the sewage5Meanwhile, the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus are also greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a photocatalytic water treatment device and a photocatalytic water treatment method.
Background
Along with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization processes, the pollution condition of water resources in China is increasingly serious. The problem of sewage treatment has become one of the major problems to be solved urgently in modern environmental work. In the prior art, sewage treatment modes comprise aeration, sedimentation and filtration treatment on sewage respectively, the used equipment has complex structure and high cost, and the sewage treatment efficiency is not high; and a treatment mode of adding medicines into the sewage can be adopted, and although the medicine adding mode is simple and easy to implement and has lower cost, the medicines cannot be recycled, so that secondary pollution is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a photocatalytic water treatment apparatus and a photocatalytic water treatment method. The photocatalytic water treatment device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, no energy consumption and no secondary pollution.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a photocatalytic water treatment device, which comprises a photocatalytic film, a film supporting structure and a suspension device, wherein the photocatalytic film is arranged on the photocatalytic film;
the membrane supporting structure comprises a first fixed column, a first pull rope, a supporting frame, a second pull rope and a second fixed column which are connected in sequence;
the supporting frame comprises a first connecting rope, a second connecting rope and a supporting strip which are arranged in a ladder shape, the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are handrails of a ladder-shaped structure, and the supporting strip is a cross beam of the ladder-shaped structure;
the photocatalytic fiber fabric is fixedly attached to the supporting frame; the suspension device is connected to the photocatalytic fiber fabric and/or the support frame.
Preferably, the suspension device comprises a plurality of floating balls and a plurality of balancing weights, and the floating balls and the balancing weights are connected to the photocatalytic film and/or the support frame through pull ropes; when the photocatalytic water treatment device is used, the floating ball is positioned above the photocatalytic film, and the balancing weight is positioned below the photocatalytic film.
Preferably, two ends of the supporting bar are respectively bound and connected with the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope; the supporting frames are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the interval distance between every two adjacent supporting bars is 0.5-3 m independently.
Preferably, one end of each of the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope is connected to the first fixing column through a first pull rope, and the other end of each of the first rope and the second rope is connected to the second fixing column through a second pull rope;
the photocatalytic film is positioned on the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope of the supporting frame through fixing buckles.
Preferably, the photocatalytic film component comprises a fiber material and a photocatalyst; the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the fiber material is preferably (0.5-10) to (90-99.5).
Preferably, the photocatalytic film is a perforated non-woven fabric; the area of each hole on the photocatalytic film is 0.04-4 cm independently2The distance between the centers of the adjacent holes is 0.5-5 cm independently; the total area of the holes on the photocatalytic film is 10-50% of the total area of the photocatalytic film.
Preferably, the fiber material includes one or more of polyester fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber and polyvinyl chloride fiber;
the photocatalyst comprises one or more of titanium dioxide, a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride compound and a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride-metal phthalocyanine compound.
Preferably, the length of the photocatalytic film is 5-80 m, the width of the photocatalytic film is 0.3-5 m, and the thickness of the photocatalytic film is 0.1-1 cm;
the number of the fixing buckles is 25-1200; the distance between adjacent fixing buckles is 5-20 cm independently.
Preferably, a balancing weight is arranged under each floating ball in a right-facing manner; the number of the floating balls is 4-320, and the mass of each balancing weight is (0,0.5 kg).
The invention also provides a method for photocatalytic water treatment, and the photocatalytic water treatment device adopting the technical scheme comprises the following steps:
and fixing a first fixed column and a second fixed column in the photocatalytic water treatment device at the bottom of the water, suspending a photocatalytic film in the photocatalytic water treatment device in the water to be treated through the suspension action of the floating ball and the balancing weight, and performing catalytic degradation on the water to be treated under the illumination condition.
The invention also provides a method for photocatalytic water treatment, and the photocatalytic water treatment device adopting the technical scheme comprises the following steps:
and fixing a first fixed column and a second fixed column in the photocatalytic water treatment device at the bottom of the water, suspending a photocatalytic film in the photocatalytic water treatment device in the water to be treated through the supporting action of a floating ball and a balancing weight, and performing catalytic degradation on the water to be treated under the illumination condition.
The invention provides a photocatalytic water treatment device, which comprises a photocatalytic film, a film supporting structure and a suspension device, wherein the photocatalytic film and the film supporting structure are arranged in a contact manner; the membrane supporting structure comprises a first fixed column, a first pull rope, a supporting frame, a second pull rope and a second fixed column which are connected in sequence; the support frame comprises a first connecting rope, a second connecting rope and a supporting strip, wherein the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are arranged in a ladder shape, the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are handrails of the ladder-shaped structure, and the supporting strip is a cross beam of the ladder-shaped structure.
The photocatalysis membrane in the device provided by the invention can float on the surface of a water body, the utilization rate of natural sunlight by the catalysis fiber is effectively improved, the degradation effect is improved, and the organic pollutant is efficiently catalyzed and degraded by utilizing the affinity of the photocatalysis fiber material and the organic pollutant by using the sunlight as a driving force; and the photocatalytic fiber can float on the surface of a water body, so that the utilization rate of the catalytic fiber to natural sunlight is effectively improved, the degradation effect is improved, and efficient sewage treatment can be realized. The experimental result shows that the photocatalytic water treatment device provided by the invention can obviously reduce the content of organic matters in sewage; not only can improve the sewage transmittance (SS), but also can reduce the COD and BOD of the sewage5Meanwhile, the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus are also greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a photocatalytic water treatment device according to the present invention suspended in water;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a photocatalytic treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a fixed column, 2 is a support bar, 3 is a connecting rope, 4 is a fixed buckle, 5 is a pull rope, 6 is a floating ball, 7 is a balancing weight, and 8 is a photocatalytic film.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a photocatalytic water treatment device, which comprises a photocatalytic film, a film supporting structure and a suspension device, wherein the photocatalytic film is arranged on the photocatalytic film;
the membrane supporting structure comprises a first fixed column, a first pull rope, a supporting frame, a second pull rope and a second fixed column which are connected in sequence;
the supporting frame comprises a first connecting rope, a second connecting rope and a supporting strip which are arranged in a ladder shape, the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are handrails of a ladder-shaped structure, and the supporting strip is a cross beam of the ladder-shaped structure;
the photocatalytic fiber fabric is fixedly attached to the supporting frame; the suspension device is connected to the photocatalytic fiber fabric and/or the support frame.
The invention provides a photocatalytic water treatment device which comprises a photocatalytic film, a film supporting structure and a suspension structure.
In the present invention, the photocatalytic film is preferably a perforated nonwoven fabric; the area of each hole on the photocatalytic film is preferably 0.04-4 cm independently2More preferably 0.16 to 2.25cm2(ii) a The area of all the holes in the photocatalytic film is preferably equal. In the invention, the hole center distance of adjacent holes on the photocatalytic film is preferably 0.5-5 cm independently, more preferably 0.8-4 cm, and even more preferably 1-3 cm; all the pores on the photocatalytic film are preferably arranged at equal intervals. In the invention, the total area of the pores on the photocatalytic film is preferably 10-50%, more preferably 15-45%, and even more preferably 20-30% of the total area of the photocatalytic film. The invention has no special requirements on the shape of the pores on the photocatalytic film, and can be adjusted according to the use conditions. According to the invention, the arrangement of the holes in the photocatalytic film is favorable for water to flow up and down in the photocatalytic film, so that the efficient catalytic degradation of organic matters in sewage is realized.
In the present invention, the photocatalytic film component preferably includes a fibrous material and a photocatalyst thereon. In the invention, the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the fiber material is preferably (0.5-10): 90-99.5, and more preferably (1-10): 90-99.
In the present invention, the photocatalyst preferably includes one or more of titanium dioxide, a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride composite, and a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride-metal phthalocyanine composite.
In the present invention, when the photocatalyst includes titanium dioxide, the titanium dioxide is preferably anatase type titanium dioxide, or a mixture of anatase type and rutile type; the particle size of the titanium dioxide is preferably 5-800 nm, more preferably 20-600 nm, and even more preferably 50-500 nm. The source of the titanium dioxide is not particularly limited in the present invention, and titanium dioxide known to those skilled in the art, specifically commercially available titanium dioxide, may be used.
In the present invention, when the photocatalyst includes a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride composite; the mass ratio of the titanium dioxide to the graphite-like phase carbon nitride in the titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride compound is preferably (2-100), more preferably (100), (60-80), and even more preferably (100), (5-25); the invention aims at the graphite-like phase carbon nitride (g-C)3N4) The type of (b) is not particularly limited, and is preferably a single-layer graphite-like phase carbon nitride or a multilayer graphite-like phase carbon nitride or a mixture of the two; the thickness of the graphite-like carbon nitride is preferably 0.3-50 nm, more preferably 2-40 nm, and even more preferably 5-30 nm; the source of the graphite-like phase carbon nitride is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the graphite-like phase carbon nitride can be produced using commercially available graphite-like phase carbon nitride products or by methods known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, when the photocatalyst includes a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride-metal phthalocyanine complex; the mass ratio of the titanium dioxide to the graphite-like carbon nitride to the metal phthalocyanine in the titanium dioxide-graphite-like carbon nitride-metal phthalocyanine compound is preferably (45-74): 25-50): 0.5-6), more preferably (55-65): 30-40): 1-5, and even more preferably (60: 35): 2-3; the source of the metal phthalocyanine is not particularly required in the invention, and the metal phthalocyanine can be prepared by using a commercially available metal phthalocyanine product or a method well known to those skilled in the art; the type and source of the titanium dioxide and graphite-like phase carbon nitride is preferably consistent with the above scheme.
In the invention, the photocatalyst is preferably a mixture of one or more of the above photocatalysts; when the photocatalyst is a mixture, the invention has no special requirements on the type and the mass ratio of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst mixture, and any type of photocatalyst can be used for mixing in any mass ratio.
When the photocatalyst is a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride-metal phthalocyanine compound, the photocatalyst is preferably prepared in a composite photocatalytic manner disclosed in Chinese patent CN 201610701918.8.
In the present invention, the fiber material preferably includes one or more of polyester fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, and polyvinyl chloride fiber. In the present invention, when the fiber material includes a plurality of the above, the ratio of the components is not particularly limited, and may be any ratio.
The shape and the size of the photocatalytic film are not particularly required, and the photocatalytic film can be adjusted according to the use condition. In the present invention, the photocatalytic film is preferably rectangular; the length of the photocatalytic film is preferably 5-80 m, and more preferably 10-75 m; the width of the photocatalytic film is preferably 0.3-5 m, and more preferably 1-4 m; the thickness of the photocatalytic film is preferably 0.1-1 cm, and more preferably 0.5-0.8 cm.
In the invention, the specific surface of the photocatalytic film is preferably 500-700 cm2(iv)/g, more preferably 550 to 600cm2(ii)/g; the photocatalytic film has a large specific surface area, can float on the surface of a water body, has a high utilization rate of illumination and has excellent photocatalytic performance.
In the invention, after the photocatalytic film is impacted for 24 hours at the water flow speed of 2.8m/s, the macroscopic morphology and the tensile breaking strength of the photocatalytic film are not obviously changed, so that the photocatalytic film has better water impact resistance; the permeability of the photocatalytic film is good at a water flow rate of 2.2 m/s; the tensile breaking strength of the photocatalytic film is not obviously changed before and after 30 days of illumination, and the photocatalytic film has better light stability. The photocatalytic film has good water permeability and water impact resistance, high stability and is beneficial to sewage treatment under natural conditions.
In the invention, the photocatalytic film organically combines a high-activity organic/inorganic hybrid photocatalyst with a flexible fiber material to obtain a photocatalytic fiber material with visible light response; the photocatalytic film can effectively avoid the photo-corrosion of materials and realize green and efficient purification of water quality of rivers or lakes.
The invention has no special requirements on the preparation mode of the photocatalytic film, and is prepared from a photocatalytic fiber material by adopting a mode well known by the technical personnel in the field; the components of the photocatalytic fiber material are consistent with the photocatalytic film in the technical scheme.
In the present invention, the photocatalytic fiber material is preferably prepared according to the preparation method of the photocatalytic fiber disclosed in chinese patent CN201610693412.7, CN201610696643.3 or CN 201610693428.8; further, the photocatalytic fiber is specifically a sheath-core composite photocatalytic fiber disclosed in chinese patent CN201610693412.7, a composite photocatalytic fiber disclosed in chinese patent CN201610696643.3, or a photocatalytic fiber disclosed in chinese patent CN 201610693428.8.
In the present invention, the photocatalytic water treatment device comprises a membrane support structure; the membrane supporting structure comprises a first fixing column, a first pull rope, a supporting frame, a second pull rope and a second fixing column which are connected in sequence. In the invention, the supporting frame comprises a first connecting rope, a second connecting rope and a supporting strip which are arranged in a ladder shape, the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are handrails with ladder-shaped structures, and the supporting strip is a cross beam with the ladder-shaped structures.
In the invention, the length of the supporting strip is preferably more than or equal to the width of the photocatalytic film, so that the photocatalytic film is supported by the supporting strip and is convenient to suspend in water in a flat manner; both ends of the supporting bar are preferably respectively bound and connected with the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope; the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are preferably arranged in parallel. In the invention, the support bars are preferably arranged in parallel at intervals, are preferably perpendicular to the two connecting ropes, and form a plurality of support units shaped like Chinese characters 'ri' with the two connecting ropes, thereby realizing the support of the photocatalytic membrane. In the invention, the spacing distance between adjacent support bars is preferably 0.5-3 m, and further preferably 1-2 m; in the invention, the two ends of the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are preferably bound and connected with supporting strips.
The shape and the size of the supporting strip are not specially limited, and the supporting strip can be adjusted according to the use condition. In the invention, the area of the end face of the supporting strip is preferably 4-25 cm2More preferably 9 to 16cm2(ii) a The length of the supporting strip is not less than the width of the photocatalytic film, so that the photocatalytic film is positioned. The photocatalytic film is spread on the water surface in an extending mode through the supporting frame, and the photocatalytic film can receive the illumination condition to the maximum extent.
In the present invention, the photocatalytic film is preferably positioned on the first connecting string and the second connecting string of the support frame by means of fixing buttons; and the two sides of the photocatalytic film are preferably positioned on the first connecting ropes and the second connecting ropes through the fixing buckles, and the photocatalytic film is stabilized by combining the supporting effect of the supporting bars. In the present invention, the photocatalytic film, the first connecting string, and the second connecting string are preferably equal in length.
In the invention, the total number of the fixing buckles is preferably 34-3200, more preferably 100-1600, and more preferably 134-500; the number of the fixing buckles used for being positioned on the two fixing ropes is preferably equal; the distance between two adjacent fixing buckles is preferably 5-20 cm independently, more preferably 8-18 cm, and even more preferably 10-15 cm; the fixing buttons are preferably distributed at equal intervals.
In the invention, one end of each of the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope is connected to the first fixing column through a first pull rope, and the other end of each of the first rope and the second rope is connected to the second fixing column through a second pull rope, that is, the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are respectively connected with one fixing column from head to tail. When the photocatalytic water treatment device is used for carrying out catalytic degradation on sewage, the first fixing column and the second fixing column are fixed at the bottom of water, so that the positioning in the sewage is realized. The invention has no special limitation on the material and the size of the fixing column, the material is the material which is well known by the technical personnel in the field, and the size is adjusted according to the actual requirement.
In the invention, the photocatalytic device comprises a suspension device, and the suspension device preferably comprises a plurality of floating balls and a plurality of balancing weights; the floating ball and the balancing weight are connected with the photocatalytic film and/or the support frame through pull ropes; when the floating ball and the balancing weight are connected to the supporting frame, the floating ball and the balancing weight can be connected to a connecting rope of the supporting frame and can also be connected to a supporting strip of the supporting frame. In the present invention, the floating ball and the weight block are preferably connected to both sides of the photocatalytic film through a pulling rope, and when the photocatalytic film is positioned on both sides of the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope, the floating ball and the weight block are further connected to the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope through the pulling rope. In the invention, the floating ball is preferably positioned above the photocatalytic film, so as to be beneficial to the suspension of the photocatalytic film on the water surface; the balancing weight is preferably positioned below the photocatalytic film and used for controlling the state of the photocatalytic film in water, the balancing weight is used for controlling the state of the photocatalytic film in water, and the depth of the photocatalytic film in water can be adjusted by adjusting the mass of the balancing weight.
In the invention, a balancing weight is arranged under each floating ball; the total number of the floating balls is preferably 4-320, and more preferably 50-200; when floater and balancing weight are connected on first connecting rope and second connecting rope, the number of the floater of connecting on first connecting rope and second connecting rope is preferred to be equal, and two floater on connecting the rope just to setting up, provide stable equilibrant for the suspension of photocatalysis membrane. In the present invention, the mass of each weight is preferably (0,0.5 kg), more preferably 0.1 to 0.4kg, and even more preferably 0.2 to 0.35 kg.. the present invention has no special requirement on the source of the floating ball and the weight, and those skilled in the art can use the same.
The invention can induce various active species such as hydroxyl free radical, superoxide radical and the like on the photocatalyst under the illumination condition, convert the light energy into the chemical energy, synergistically degrade the organic pollutants in the water body and effectively reduce COD and BOD5。
The invention also provides a method for photocatalytic water treatment, and the photocatalytic water treatment device adopting the technical scheme comprises the following steps:
and fixing a first fixed column and a second fixed column in the photocatalytic water treatment device at the bottom of the water, suspending a photocatalytic film in the photocatalytic water treatment device in the water to be treated through the suspension action of the floating ball and the balancing weight, and performing catalytic degradation on the water to be treated under the illumination condition.
The invention fixes a first fixed column and a second fixed column in the photocatalytic water treatment device at the bottom of water; the present invention does not require any particular means of attachment as is well known in the art. When the photocatalytic water treatment device is used for water treatment, a floating ball in the photocatalytic water treatment device is positioned above a photocatalytic film; the balancing weight is positioned below the photocatalytic film.
In the invention, the vertical distance between the suspension position of the photocatalytic film in water and the water surface is adjusted according to the change of the mass and the number of the counter weights; the vertical distance is preferably 2-15 cm, and more preferably 5-10 cm.
In the invention, the photocatalytic water treatment device carries out catalytic degradation on water to be treated under the illumination condition. The invention has no special requirement on the source of the water to be treated, and can be used for treating sewage needing catalytic degradation in the field. In the invention, COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the water to be treated is preferably 38-50 mg/L and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand)5Preferably 16-20 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is preferably 1.8-3 mg/L, and the total phosphorus concentration is preferably 0.5-1 mg/L. In the invention, the photocatalytic water treatment device can be applied to river water treatment, aquaculture wastewater treatment, industrial and agricultural wastewater treatment, landscape water improvement and the like.
In the invention, the time for treating the photocatalytic-microbial degradation composite water is determined according to the concentration of organic matters in water to be treated. In the invention, when the water to be treated contains ammonia nitrogen, the initial concentration is 2.0-2.8 mg/L, and the treatment time is preferably 20-30 days, so that the concentration of the organic matters is reduced to be below 0.6-1.0 mg/L.
In the invention, the sewage to be treated flows through the surface of the photocatalytic membrane and is fully contacted with the photocatalyst; under the condition of illumination, hydroxyl free radicals, superoxide radicals and other active species are induced and generated on the photocatalystDegrading pollutants in water and effectively reducing COD and BOD5Especially, the treatment effect on organic matters such as organic acid, organic alkali, esters, hydrocarbons and the like is most outstanding; and not only make quality of water up to standard, still can effectively reduce organic pollutant and N, P element etc. content in the sewage through this photocatalysis water treatment facilities to the oxygen content of aquatic no longer reduces, and aquatic organisms can normally survive the reproduction, finally resumes the biological activity of river, lake gradually, makes it resume self-purification ability, reaches the ecological balance of microorganism, animal and plant in the water.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the photocatalytic water treatment apparatus and method provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the photocatalytic water treatment device provided in this embodiment includes a photocatalytic film 8, a support strip 2, a connecting rope 3, a pull rope 5, a fixing column 1, a fixing buckle 4, a floating ball 6, and a balancing weight 7. Two sides of the photocatalytic film 8 are connected to the two connecting ropes 3 through fixing buckles 4, and two ends of the support bars 2 which are arranged in parallel are connected to the two connecting ropes to form a positioning unit in a shape like a Chinese character 'ri', so that the photocatalytic film 8 is positioned; the floating balls 6 which are arranged at intervals are connected on the photocatalytic film 8 and are used for supporting the photocatalytic film; the counter weight blocks which are arranged below each floating ball in a positive and opposite mode are used for controlling the state of the photocatalytic film in water; the fixed column is matched with the pull rope to position the photocatalytic water treatment device.
In the embodiment, the length of the photocatalytic film in the device is set to be 30m, the width is set to be 1.5m, and the thickness is set to be 0.2 cm; the area of each hole on the photocatalytic film was 1cm2The distance between the holes is 2 cm; the length of the photocatalytic film supporting strip is 1.6m, and the cross section area is 16cm2The support bars are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the distance between two adjacent photocatalytic film support bars is 1 m; the connecting ropes are distributed on two sides of the photocatalytic membrane and are connected with the photocatalytic membrane supporting bars to position the small modules; the distance between two adjacent fixing buckles is 0.1m, 300 fixing buckles are fixed on the connecting rope and enter the photocatalytic filmLine positioning; the number of the floating balls is 60, and the floating balls are used for supporting the photocatalytic film so that the photocatalytic film can be suspended on the water surface; the number of the counter weight blocks is 60, and the mass of each counter weight block is 0.1kg, so that the state of the photocatalytic film in water can be controlled; the number of the fixed columns is 2, one end is connected with the tail, and the photocatalytic water treatment device is positioned by matching with the pull rope.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a pond of a certain town of Zhu and City is selected, and the area of the water area is about 150m2The wastewater quality is as follows: COD is 38mg/L, BOD518mg/L, 2.8mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 0.8mg/L total phosphorus. Using the apparatus of example 1, the photocatalyst was a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbonitride-metal phthalocyanine composite in which the mass ratio of titanium dioxide, graphite-like phase carbonitride and metal phthalocyanine was 65:30:5, and titanium dioxide was anatase. The photocatalytic film material is polyester fiber, and the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the polyester fiber material is 2: 91. Suspending 1 photocatalytic film on the water surface of the aquaculture wastewater, and after 20 days of illumination, measuring the water quality according to a national standard test method: COD is 15mg/L, BOD5The content of the phosphorus is 3.8mg/L, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 0.7mg/L, and the content of total phosphorus is 0.16mg/L, and the indexes meet the requirements of III-class water in the quality standard of surface water environment (GB 3838-2002).
Example 3:
in this embodiment, the area of the water area is about 300m, which is selected from the sewage of a certain living area in Hangzhou city2The wastewater quality is as follows: COD is 46mg/L, BOD512mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 1.8mg/L and total phosphorus 0.5 mg/L. Using the apparatus of example 1, the photocatalyst was a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride composite in which the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to graphite-like phase carbon nitride was 25:2 and titanium dioxide was anatase. The photocatalytic film material is polyamide fiber, and the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the polyamide fiber material is 1: 90. Suspending 2 photocatalytic films on the sewage surface, and after one month of illumination, measuring the water quality according to a national standard test method: COD is 15mg/L, BOD53.2mg/L, 0.7mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 0.18mg/L total phosphorus, and the indexes meet the requirements of class III water in the quality standard of surface water environment (GB3838 and 2002).
Example 4:
in this embodiment, a certain landscape water in Jiaxing city is selected, and the area of the water area is about 350m2The wastewater quality is as follows: COD 42mg/L, BOD516mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 2.5mg/L and total phosphorus 0.6 mg/L. Using the apparatus of example 1, the photocatalyst was a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride composite in which the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to graphite-like phase carbon nitride was 20:1, and titanium dioxide was a mixture of anatase type and rutile type. The photocatalytic film material is polyethylene fiber, and the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the polyethylene fiber material is 1: 92. Suspending 2 photocatalytic films on the water surface of landscape water, and after illumination for 25 days, determining the water quality according to a national standard test method: COD is 17mg/L, BOD5The content of the phosphorus is 3.5mg/L, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 0.9mg/L, and the content of total phosphorus is 0.17mg/L, and the indexes meet the requirements of III-class water in the quality standard of surface water environment (GB 3838-2002).
Example 5:
in this embodiment, a river in Shaoxing city is selected, and the area of the water area is about 500m2The wastewater quality is as follows: COD 45mg/L, BOD517mg/L, 2.7mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 0.5mg/L total phosphorus. Using the apparatus of example 1, the photocatalyst was a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride-metal phthalocyanine composite in which the mass ratio of titanium dioxide, graphite-like phase carbon nitride and metal phthalocyanine was 60:35:5, and titanium dioxide was anatase. The photocatalytic film material is polyamide fiber, and the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the polyamide fiber material is 2: 95. Suspending 3 photocatalytic films on the water surface of the river channel, and after illuminating for 25 days, measuring the water quality according to a national standard test method: COD is 18mg/L, BOD5The content of the phosphorus is 3.7mg/L, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 0.9mg/L, and the content of total phosphorus is 0.18mg/L, and the indexes meet the requirements of III-class water in the quality standard of surface water environment (GB 3838-2002).
Example 6:
in this embodiment, a certain lake water in Shaoxing city is selected, and the area of the water area is about 800m2The wastewater quality is as follows: COD 43mg/L, BOD516mg/L, 2.3mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 0.5mg/L total phosphorus. Using the apparatus of example 1, the photocatalyst was a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbonitride-metal phthalocyanine complexWherein the mass ratio of the titanium dioxide, the graphite-like phase carbon nitride and the metal phthalocyanine is 55:40:5, and the titanium dioxide is a mixture of anatase type and rutile type. The photocatalytic film material is polyester fiber, and the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the polyester fiber material is 2: 93. Suspending 4 photocatalytic films on the water surface of the river channel, and measuring the water quality according to a national standard test method after one month of illumination: COD is 19mg/L, BOD53.8mg/L, 0.7mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 0.17mg/L total phosphorus, and the indexes meet the requirements of class III water in the quality standard of surface water environment (GB3838 and 2002).
The device provided by the invention has a visible light effect, can more efficiently utilize light energy, takes the sunlight as a driving force, and utilizes the affinity of the photocatalytic fiber material and organic pollutants to efficiently catalyze and degrade the organic pollutants; the photocatalytic fiber can float on the surface of a water body, so that the utilization rate of the catalytic fiber to natural sunlight is effectively improved, the degradation effect is improved, and the content of organic matters in sewage is obviously reduced; not only can improve the sewage transmittance (SS), but also can reduce the COD and BOD of the sewage5Meanwhile, the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus are greatly improved, the efficient sewage treatment can be realized, the method is an excellent choice for treating industrial and agricultural wastewater and domestic sewage and purifying polluted water areas, and the method can be applied to upgrading and reforming of urban sewage treatment plants, industrial wastewater treatment, rural sewage treatment, treatment of aquatic and livestock breeding wastewater, improvement of water quality of polluted rivers and lakes and the like.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A photocatalytic water treatment device comprises a photocatalytic film, a film supporting structure and a suspension device;
the membrane supporting structure comprises a first fixed column, a first pull rope, a supporting frame, a second pull rope and a second fixed column which are connected in sequence;
the supporting frame comprises a first connecting rope, a second connecting rope and a supporting strip which are arranged in a ladder shape, the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are handrails of a ladder-shaped structure, and the supporting strip is a cross beam of the ladder-shaped structure;
the photocatalytic film is fixedly attached to the supporting frame; the suspension device is connected to the photocatalytic film and/or the support frame;
the photocatalytic film component comprises a fiber material and a photocatalyst; the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the fiber material is (0.5-10) to (90-99.5); the length of the photocatalytic film is 10-75 m;
the photocatalytic film is a perforated non-woven fabric; the area of each hole on the photocatalytic film is 0.04-4 cm independently2The distance between the centers of the adjacent holes is 0.5-5 cm independently; the total area of the holes on the photocatalytic film is 10-50% of the total area of the photocatalytic film;
the photocatalytic film is positioned on the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope of the supporting frame through fixing buckles;
the suspension device comprises a plurality of floating balls and a plurality of balancing weights, and the floating balls and the balancing weights are connected to the photocatalytic film and/or the support frame through pull ropes; when the photocatalytic water treatment device is used, the floating ball is positioned above the photocatalytic film, and the balancing weight is positioned below the photocatalytic film.
2. The photocatalytic water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the support strip are respectively bound and connected with the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope; the supporting frames are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the interval distance between every two adjacent supporting bars is 0.5-3 m independently.
3. The photocatalytic water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein one end of each of the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope is connected to the first fixed column by a first pulling rope, and the other end of each of the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope is connected to the second fixed column by a second pulling rope.
4. The photocatalytic water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the fiber material includes one or more of polyester fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, and polyvinyl chloride fiber;
the photocatalyst comprises one or more of titanium dioxide, a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride compound and a titanium dioxide-graphite-like phase carbon nitride-metal phthalocyanine compound.
5. The photocatalytic water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalytic film has a width of 0.3 to 5m and a thickness of 0.1 to 1 cm;
the number of the fixing buckles is 34-3200; the distance between adjacent fixing buckles is 5-20 cm independently.
6. The photocatalytic water treatment device as set forth in claim 1, wherein a weight is disposed under each floating ball; the number of the floating balls is 4-320, and the mass of each balancing weight is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5 kg.
7. A method for photocatalytic water treatment using the photocatalytic water treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
and fixing a first fixed column and a second fixed column in the photocatalytic water treatment device at the bottom of the water, suspending a photocatalytic film in the photocatalytic water treatment device in the water to be treated through the suspension action of the floating ball and the balancing weight, and performing catalytic degradation on the water to be treated under the illumination condition.
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| CN109896581B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2021-08-27 | 山东大学 | Multilayer plate frame type floating photocatalytic water purification device and application thereof |
| CN110844921A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-02-28 | 江苏金羿射日新材料科技有限公司 | Device for accelerating salt sunning of ball-string photothermal material array and using method |
| CN113244777A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-13 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Preparation method of silver modified graphite phase carbon nitride photocatalytic composite forward osmosis membrane |
| CN116282583B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-11-07 | 江苏中复润城生态环境有限公司 | High-efficient degradation device of compound water pollutant |
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