CN108483492A - A kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108483492A
CN108483492A CN201810345911.6A CN201810345911A CN108483492A CN 108483492 A CN108483492 A CN 108483492A CN 201810345911 A CN201810345911 A CN 201810345911A CN 108483492 A CN108483492 A CN 108483492A
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preparation
solvent
zirconium
zirconia aerogels
acid
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孔勇
张嘉月
沈晓冬
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G25/00Compounds of zirconium
    • C01G25/02Oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/10Solid density
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12Surface area
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/16Pore diameter
    • C01P2006/17Pore diameter distribution
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/32Thermal properties

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the preparation fields of new material, are related to a kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels.This method is presoma, acid for catalyst using organic zirconates, inhibits the generation of precipitation by low temperature, quickly prepares zirconium oxide wet gel, zirconium oxide wet gel obtains blocky zirconia aerogels by solvent displacement and supercritical drying.Sol gel process of the present invention is simple, and prepared zirconia aerogels specific surface area is high, thermal conductivity is low, can be used for the fields such as heat-insulation and heat-preservation, catalyst and catalyst carrier.

Description

A kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation fields of new material, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels.
Background technology
As a kind of nano-porous materials, aeroge has three-D nano-porous network structure, assigns its low-density, high ratio The characteristics such as surface area, macroporosity have the performances such as excellent heat-insulated, absorption, catalysis, in industrial production, building energy conservation, aviation The fields such as space flight are widely used.Zirconia aerogels not only have the typical structure characteristic of aeroge, in heat-insulation and heat-preservation field There is a good application prospect, but also with the conventional oxidations silicon airsetting such as the double property of soda acid, oxidisability and reproducibility, characteristic of semiconductor Characteristic not available for glue makes the fields such as its catalysis except heat-insulation and heat-preservation, catalyst carrier, absorption all be widely used Foreground.The preparation method of zirconia aerogels has the organic zirconates method of acid catalysis, propylene oxide induction inorganic zirconium salts method, the heating of alcohol water Method etc..But current preparation method technique is more complex, or is unable to get blocky zirconia aerogels (such as precipitation method and alcohol water add Hot method).Inhibit to precipitate caused by fast hydrolyzing-polymerization of zirconium oxide presoma by low temperature environment, passes through Fast sol-gel Reaction obtains blocky zirconia aerogels.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to improve the deficiency of existing zirconia aerogels technology of preparing, and provide a kind of oxidation The preparation method of zirconium aeroge.The zirconia aerogels preparation method is simple, quick, compensates for the preparation of conventional oxidation zirconium aeroge Technologic deficiency.
The object of the invention technical solution is:A kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels, is as follows:
At (1) -20~0 DEG C, deionized water is added after 1~10min is mixed in zirconium oxide presoma, solvent, acid, after After 1~5min of continuous stirring, mixed liquor is placed in progress 5~30min of sol gel reaction at -10~10 DEG C and obtains wet gel, Middle zirconium oxide presoma:Solvent:Deionized water:The molar ratio of acid is 1:(6~18):(2~4.5):(0.1~1);
(2) wet gel that step (1) obtains is subjected to solvent displacement at 0~20 DEG C with organic solvent;
(3) wet gel for obtaining step (2) carries out CO2Supercritical drying obtains zirconia aerogels.
Zirconium oxide presoma described in preferred steps (1) is one kind in zirconium-n-propylate, zirconium-n-butylate or zirconium iso-propoxide.
Solvent described in preferred steps (1) is one kind in ethyl alcohol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropanol or n-butanol.
Acid described in preferred steps (1) is one kind in nitric acid or hydrochloric acid.
Speed of agitator is 300-500 revs/min in preferred steps (1).
Organic solvent described in preferred steps (2) is one kind in ethyl alcohol, isopropanol or acetone.
Solvent time swap is 1~3 day in preferred steps (2), replaces an organic solvent within during which every 4~12 hours.
Advantageous effect:
(1) prepared by zirconia aerogels uses low-temperature sol-gel technique, can solve conventional preparation techniques and easy to produce The shortcomings that precipitation.
(2) zirconia aerogels prepared by are that bulk material is answered compared with other zirconia aerogels nano particles It is wider with range.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the pore size distribution curve of zirconia aerogels made from example 1.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of zirconia aerogels made from example 1.
Specific implementation mode
Example 1
At 0 DEG C, by 0.1mol zirconium-n-propylates, 1.2mol ethyl alcohol, 0.1mol nitric acid be mixed 1min (rotating speed be 300 turns/ Minute) 0.2mol deionized waters are added afterwards, continue to stir after 5min (rotating speed be 300 revs/min) by mixed liquor be placed at 0 DEG C into Row sol gel reaction 30min obtains wet gel, and wet gel carries out solvent displacement at 0 DEG C with ethyl alcohol, and (period every 12 is small within 3 days Ethyl alcohol of Shi Genghuan) CO is carried out afterwards2Supercritical drying obtains zirconia aerogels.Zirconia aerogels density 0.115g/cm3, Specific surface area 353m2/ g, Hotdisk thermal conductivity 0.026W/ (mK).
Referring to attached drawing, Fig. 1 is the pore size distribution curve of zirconia aerogels made from example 1.Pore-size distribution test uses Merck & Co., Inc of U.S. ASAP2020 type hole structural analysis instrument.Pore size distribution curve shows the network of synthesized zirconia aerogels Structure has typical aerogel pore structure feature based on mesoporous.
Referring to attached drawing, Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of zirconia aerogels made from example 1.Sem test uses Zeiss 1530VP scanning electron microscope.As can be seen that the net of the zirconia aerogels prepared by the present invention from SEM photograph Network structure has aerogel material typical structural characteristics based on mesoporous.
Example 2
At -5 DEG C, by (rotating speed after 0.1mol zirconium-n-butylates, 1.8mol n-butanols, 0.01mol nitric acid mixing 10min It is 400 revs/min) 0.3mol deionized waters are added, continue to be placed in mixed liquor after stirring 1min (rotating speed is 400 revs/min) Sol gel reaction 5min is carried out at 10 DEG C and obtains wet gel, and wet gel carries out solvent with acetone at 20 DEG C and replaces 1 day (phase Between every 4 hours replace an acetone) carry out CO afterwards2Supercritical drying obtains zirconia aerogels.Zirconia aerogels density 0.101g/cm3, specific surface area 410m2/ g, Hotdisk thermal conductivity 0.025W/ (mK).
Example 3
At -20 DEG C, by (rotating speed after 0.1mol zirconium iso-propoxides, 1.0mol isopropanols, 0.02mol mixed in hydrochloric acid stirring 8min It is 300 revs/min) 0.25mol deionized waters are added, continue to be placed in mixed liquor after stirring 5min (rotating speed is 300 revs/min) Sol gel reaction 10min is carried out at 5 DEG C and obtains wet gel, and wet gel carries out solvent with isopropanol at 0 DEG C and replaces 3 day (phase Between replace an isopropanol for every eight hours) carry out CO afterwards2Supercritical drying obtains zirconia aerogels.Zirconia aerogels density 0.118g/cm3, specific surface area 350m2/ g, Hotdisk thermal conductivity 0.026W/ (mK).
Example 4
At -15 DEG C, by (rotating speed after 0.1mol zirconium-n-propylates, 0.6mol normal propyl alcohols, 0.06mol mixed in hydrochloric acid stirring 4min It is 500 revs/min) 0.45mol deionized waters are added, continue to set mixed liquor after stirring 3min (rotating speed is 500 revs/min) Sol gel reaction 20min is carried out at -10 DEG C and obtains wet gel, and wet gel carries out solvent with acetone at 10 DEG C and replaces 2 days (every 10 hours of period replaced an acetone) carries out CO afterwards2Supercritical drying obtains zirconia aerogels.Zirconia aerogels are close Spend 0.121g/cm3, specific surface area 219m2/ g, Hotdisk thermal conductivity 0.028W/ (mK).
Example 5
At -10 DEG C, 0.1mol zirconium-n-propylates, 1.4mol ethyl alcohol, 0.08mol nitric acid is mixed after 2min to (rotating speed is 300 revs/min) 0.4mol deionized waters are added, continue that mixed liquor is placed in -5 after stirring 1min (rotating speed is 300 revs/min) Sol gel reaction 15min is carried out at DEG C and obtains wet gel, and wet gel carries out solvent with ethyl alcohol at 20 DEG C and replaces 1 day (period Replace an ethyl alcohol within every 6 hours) CO is carried out afterwards2Supercritical drying obtains zirconia aerogels.Zirconia aerogels density 0.109g/cm3, specific surface area 347m2/ g, Hotdisk thermal conductivity 0.025W/ (mK).

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels, is as follows:
At (1) -20~0 DEG C, deionized water is added after 1~10min is mixed in zirconium oxide presoma, solvent, acid, continues to stir After mixing 1~5min, mixed liquor is placed in progress 5~30min of sol gel reaction at -10~10 DEG C and obtains wet gel, wherein oxygen Change zirconium precursor body:Solvent:Deionized water:The molar ratio of acid is 1:(6~18):(2~4.5):(0.1~1);
(2) wet gel that step (1) obtains is subjected to solvent displacement at 0~20 DEG C with organic solvent;
(3) wet gel for obtaining step (2) carries out CO2Supercritical drying obtains zirconia aerogels.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the zirconium oxide presoma described in step (1) is positive third One kind in alcohol zirconium, zirconium-n-butylate or zirconium iso-propoxide.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that solvent described in step (1) be ethyl alcohol, normal propyl alcohol, One kind in isopropanol or n-butanol.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the acid described in step (1) is in nitric acid or hydrochloric acid It is a kind of.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that speed of agitator is 300-500 revs/min in step (1) Clock.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that organic solvent described in step (2) is ethyl alcohol, different One kind in propyl alcohol or acetone.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that solvent time swap is 1~3 day in step (2), the phase Between every 4~12 hours replace an organic solvent.
CN201810345911.6A 2018-04-18 2018-04-18 A kind of preparation method of zirconia aerogels Pending CN108483492A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108997010A (en) * 2018-10-06 2018-12-14 景德镇陶瓷大学 A kind of zero-emission oxide ceramic powder body preparation method and its production system
CN111617301A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-04 深圳市天麒检测技术服务有限公司 Simulation plant for removing mold in humid indoor air
CN112562944A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-26 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Selective coating method suitable for hardware surface coating in strong wind and sand area

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103011280A (en) * 2012-11-27 2013-04-03 天津大学 Preparation method of zirconium oxide aerogel
CN103523829A (en) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-22 同济大学 Preparation method of lumpy zirconia aerogel having high specific surface area

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103011280A (en) * 2012-11-27 2013-04-03 天津大学 Preparation method of zirconium oxide aerogel
CN103523829A (en) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-22 同济大学 Preparation method of lumpy zirconia aerogel having high specific surface area

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杨大祥等: ""低温下溶胶-凝胶法制备氧化硅气凝胶"", 《稀有金属材料与工程》 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108997010A (en) * 2018-10-06 2018-12-14 景德镇陶瓷大学 A kind of zero-emission oxide ceramic powder body preparation method and its production system
CN111617301A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-04 深圳市天麒检测技术服务有限公司 Simulation plant for removing mold in humid indoor air
CN112562944A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-26 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Selective coating method suitable for hardware surface coating in strong wind and sand area

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Application publication date: 20180904