CN108472426A

CN108472426A - Resource production dialysis system

Info

Publication number: CN108472426A
Application number: CN201680077199.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·卡路亚; M·J·科尔恩科维奇; B·D·埃格利; D·C·小格里菲斯; R·莱温; H·纳赛里; K·S·普拉西; D·尤兹
Original assignee: Fresenius Medical Care Holdings Inc
Current assignee: Fresenius Medical Care Holdings Inc
Priority date: 2015-12-31
Filing date: 2016-10-04
Publication date: 2018-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2036-10-04
Also published as: WO2017116521A1; CN108472426B; EP3362120B1; MX2018008183A; CA3006712C; US20200222611A1; AU2016380708B2; BR112018010589A2; AU2016380708A1; US20170189597A1; US20230293792A1; AU2016380708B8; CA3006712A1; US10632242B2; EP3362120A1; US11701456B2

Abstract

A kind of dialysis system (for example, haemodialysis (HD) system) is designed to operate in alternative environment, such as disaster relief scene or low developed area.The dialysis system may include that the air for generating electric power so as to the solar panel powered for dialysis machine and for extracting water from surrounding air produces hydrophone.The water extracted can be used for scene and generate dialyzate and physiological saline.One or more components of dialysis machine can be discrete component, which is configured to be conducive to quick shipment and simple Assembling (for example, at remote location).In some embodiments, discrete parts can be configured to be attached to existing dialysis system (for example, being designed to the dialysis system operated in traditional environment), to allow the dialysis system to be operated in alternative environment.

Description

Resource production dialysis system

Technical field

The present invention relates to can be in the dialysis system of resource (such as water purification and electric power) rare geographic operations.

Background technology

Renal dysfunction or failure and (especially) latter stage nephropathy make body lose removal water and minerals and row Go out Toxic Metabolites, maintain acid-base balance and electrolyte and mineral concentration are controlled into the ability in physiological range.Including urine The urotoxia waste metabolite of element, kreatinin and uric acid is accumulated in bodily tissue, this feelings not substituted in kidney filtering function It can lead to the death of people under condition.

It dialyses and is normally used for substituting the function of kidney by removing these discarded toxin and excessive water.In a type Dialysis treatment in-haemodialysis control unit of haemodialysis (HD)-in vitro in filtering blood samples of patients in toxin.Blood is from patient In vivo flow through dialysis machine, which is separated by semi-permeable membrane with a large amount of dialysis solutions being externally supplied.Waste and toxin By semi-permeable membrane by from haemodialysis to dialysis solution, subsequent dialysis solution is generally discarded.

The dialysis solution or dialyzate used during haemodialysis generally includes sodium chloride and such as calcium chloride or potassium chloride Other electrolyte, such as buffer substance and use of bicarbonate (for example, sodium bicarbonate) or acetate (for example, sodium acetate) In the acid for establishing physiological PH value, and (optionally) such as glucose or dextrose sugar.

Another type of dialysis treatment is peritoneal dialysis (PD), utilizes the peritonaeum of patient itself, i.e., abdominal cavity is membranaceous Internal layer.By its good perfusion attribute, peritonaeum can be used as natural semi-permeable membrane, water and waste be transferred to and temporarily drawn Enter and is referred to as in a type of dialysis solution of PD solution in abdominal cavity of patients.Entrance is implanted in abdominal cavity of patients, and logical Often PD solution is injected by patient circuit in the abdominal cavity of patient by pump and retains a period of time.It during detention, will be malicious Element is filled into from the blood of patient in PD solution.PD solution then is discharged from patient's body.Primary complete treatment is come It says, this operation is usually repeated as many times.It such as automates PD (APD) machines or the PD machines of PD circulators is designed to be conducive to or control PD processes keep its execution that can be on the scene without clinical staff.

Many areas and in an emergency situation in the world, possibly can not obtain water purification and the electric power of reliable sources, or Person can not actually deliver this to dialysis patient.Under these areas and situation, patient possibly can not receive required dialysis Treatment.Accordingly, it is desired to provide a kind of can control patient's execution dialysis in the environment of the scarcity of resources of such as water purification and electric power The system for the treatment of.

Invention content

In one aspect, a kind of haemodialysis control unit, including blood pump, the blood pump are configured to blood being pumped into patient It pumps out in vivo and from patient's body.Haemodialysis control unit further includes solar panel, which is configured to receive light Can and it generate electric power.Haemodialysis control unit further includes air production hydrophone, and air production hydrophone is configured to be supplied by generated electric power Electricity and be configured to from surrounding air extract water.The water extracted is used to dialyzate.Haemodialysis control unit further includes dialysis Device, the dialyzer are configured to receive blood and dialyzate, remove toxin from blood and filtered blood is supplied to trouble Person.

Embodiment may include one or more of following characteristics.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit includes adsorbent equipment, which is configured to dialyse certainly from stream Toxin is removed in the used dialyzate of machine.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit includes battery pack, which is configured to store from generated The charge that electric power obtains.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit includes water heater, which is configured to heat extracted water.

In some embodiments, water heater includes the container for storing the water after heating.

In some embodiments, water heater includes the second solar panel, which is configured to connect Receive the luminous energy for heating extracted water.

In some embodiments, blood pump includes being configured to manually-operated mechanical part.

In some embodiments, mechanical part includes one or both of hand pump and foot pump.

In some embodiments, mechanical part is configured in response to the manual operation of blood pump and generates electric power.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit includes battery pack, which is configured to store from by Machinery Ministry The charge that electric power caused by one or two of part and solar panel obtains.

In some embodiments, blood pump includes one or more valves, which is configured to control pump It is sent to the flow velocity of patient's body and the blood pumped out from patient's body.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit includes forward osmosis container.Forward osmosis container includes：First every Room, the first compartment are configured to store salt concentrat；Second compartment, the second compartment are configured to receive extracted water； And diaphragm, the diaphragm separate first compartment and second compartment.Diaphragm is configured to permit extracted water and salt concentrat Mixing is to generate normal saline solution.

On the other hand, haemodialysis control unit includes generator, which is configured in response to by haemodialysis control unit Operator execute mechanical movement and generate electric power.Haemodialysis control unit further includes blood pump, which is configured to blood It is pumped into patient's body and is pumped out from patient's body.Haemodialysis control unit further includes the processor communicated with blood pump.Processor By generated power supply, and it is configured to the dialysis treatment that control is administered to patient.Haemodialysis control unit further includes air production Hydrophone, the air produce hydrophone by generated power supply and are configured to extract water from surrounding air.The water extracted is used In generation dialyzate.Haemodialysis control unit further includes dialyzer, which is configured to reception blood and dialyzate, from blood It removes toxin and filtered blood is supplied to patient.

Embodiment may include one or more of following characteristics.

In some embodiments, generator includes one or both of hand pump and foot pump.

In some embodiments, processor is configured to control and is pumped into patient's body and is pumped out from patient's body The flow velocity of blood.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit includes solar panel, which is configured to receive light Can and it generate electric power.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit includes battery pack, which is configured to store from by generator With the charge that electric power obtains caused by one or two of solar panel.

On the other hand, abdominal dialysis (PD) machine includes solar panel, which is configured to receive luminous energy And generate electric power.PD machines further include air production hydrophone, the air production hydrophone be configured to by generated power supply and by with It is set to from surrounding air and extracts water.The water extracted is used to PD solution.PD machines further include being configured to PD solution pumps It is sent to the pump that the abdominal cavity of patient and the abdominal cavity from patient pump out.When PD solution remaines in abdominal cavity, remove in blood samples of patients Toxin.

Embodiment may include one or more of following advantages.

In some embodiments, system and method as described herein allow dialysis system to be grasped in alternative environment Make, such as water purification and electric power be rare, unavailable dialyzate or there is no in the environment of appropriate dialyzate storage condition.This A little environment may include disaster relief scene, emergency response resettlement place, low developed area and/or developing country, name just a few.

In some embodiments, dialysis system produces resource necessary to operation dialysis machine and application dialysis treatment. For example, solar panel can be used for generating electric power using the luminous energy from the sun, air production hydrophone can be used for empty from around Air lift is fetched water.The water extracted can be used for generating dialyzate and/or physiological saline on the spot, so as to avoid the length to substance of this kind Phase stores, and the long term storage otherwise based on specific environmental condition substance of this kind may be difficult, is unpractiaca or impossible 's.

In some embodiments, one or more of component of dialysis machine can be discrete component, this is discrete Component can be transported to remote location and be attached to existing dialysis machine (for example, being designed to grasp in more conventional environment The dialysis machine of work), to allow the dialysis machine to be operated in alternative environment.

The details of one or more embodiments of the present invention is provided in the accompanying drawings and the description below.According to specification and Attached drawing and claim, other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the front perspective view for the hemodialysis system for including solar panel and air production hydrophone.

Fig. 2 shows the examples of solar panel shown in FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of air production hydrophone shown in FIG. 1.

Fig. 4 shows the example of forward osmosis container.

Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the hemodialysis system including artificial generator.

Fig. 6 is exemplary the block diagram of computer system.

Similar reference numeral indicates similar element in the various figures.

Specific implementation mode

Dialysis machine (for example, haemodialysis (HD) machine or peritoneal dialysis (PD) machine) be generally designed to such as hospital and thoroughly It is operated in the medical facilities at analysis center (only enumerating several).Some dialysis machines are also designed to for being used in patient family.This A little environment provide required resource for the correct application of dialysis treatment.For example, water purification and electric power are ready-to-use, with Just it is used for dialysis machine；Dialyzate be in medical facilities it is ready-to-use, and dialyzate be provided to patient for household and It is stored under condition of storage appropriate.

Dialysis system is designed to operate in alternative environment, such as rare, unavailable in water purification and electric power It analyses liquid or there is no in the environment of appropriate dialyzate condition of storage.The example of such environment may include disaster relief resettlement place or Low developed area (for example, developing country).Dialysis system may include the sun to power for dialysis machine for generating electric power It can panel and the air production hydrophone for extracting water from surrounding air.The water extracted can be used for scene generate dialyzate and Physiological saline.

Some components of dialysis machine can be discrete component, which is configured to be conducive to fast transportation (example Such as, quick shipment) and simple assembling.For example, discrete component can be transported to remote location and Assembling.Discrete component It can be configured to be attached to existing dialysis system (for example, being designed to the dialysis system operated in traditional environment), To allow the dialysis system to be operated in alternative environment.

Fig. 1 shows the dialysis system of such as hemodialysis system 100, is configured for grasping in alternative environment Make.Although system as described herein is mainly discussed in conjunction with hemodialysis system by way of example, it is apparent that it should be noted that originally The system of text description is used in combination with other types of medical treatment device and treatment, including peritoneal dialysis (PD) system.Blood is saturating Analysis system 100 includes haemodialysis control unit 102, the solar panel 136 for generating electric power to power for haemodialysis control unit 102 And hydrophone 138 is produced for the air of scene generation dialyzate and/or physiological saline for extracting water from surrounding air.

Haemodialysis control unit 102 is connected to disposable blood component set 104, the disposable blood component set part landform At blood circuit.During hemodialysis, operator is by the artery patient circuit 106 of blood component set 104 and vein Patient circuit 108 is connected to patient.Blood component set 104 includes exhaust apparatus 112, which includes to allow sky Gas by but do not allow liquid by self-sealed ventilation component.As a result, if passing through the blood of blood circuit during treatment Liquid contains air, then exhaust apparatus 112 will discharge air in air.

Blood component set 104 is fixed to the module 130 for being attached to 102 front of haemodialysis control unit.Module 130 includes energy Blood circulation is enough set to pass through the blood pump 132 of blood circuit.Module 130 further includes that can detect the blood for flowing through blood circuit Various other instruments.Module 130 includes door, coordinate before this and module 130 as shown in Figure 1 when being closed with formed every Room, the size and shape of the compartment are configured to that blood component set 104 can be accommodated.In closed position, goalkeeper's blood portion Certain blood components of part set 104 are pressed against the correspondence instrument exposed before module 130.

Operator operates blood pump 132 using blood pump module 134.Blood pump module 134 includes display window, opens Beginning/stop key, upwarding key, down Arrow, liquid level adjustment key and arterial pressure port.Display window is shown in the blood pump operation phase Between velocity of blood flow setting.Beginning/stop key starts and stops blood pump 132.Key increases and reduces blood pump up and down 132 speed.Liquid level adjusts the indoor fluid level of key increase arterial instillation.Blood pump module 134 may also comprise level detection Device, the liquid level detector include the one or more sensors for determining the fluid level in artery drip chamber.

Haemodialysis control unit 102 further includes by dialyzer 110, various other dialyzate components and being connected to haemodialysis control unit The dialysis fluid circuit that 102 dialysis liquid pipeline is formed.These many dialyzate components and dialysis liquid pipeline are located at haemodialysis control unit It is in 102 shell 103 and therefore invisible in Fig. 1.During treatment, blood circulation is set to be returned by blood in blood pump 132 Lu Shi, dialysis liquid pump (not shown) make dialyzate circulate through dialysis fluid circuit.

Air production hydrophone 138 is configured to extract water from the moisture in surrounding air, and the water extracted is supplied to blood One or more parts of liquid dialysis machine 102, as described in greater detail below.In particular, air production hydrophone 138 provides water To mixing chamber 140, wherein water is mixed with concentrate (for example, solids concentration), such as powdered sodium bicarbonate concentrate, with production Raw mixed sodium bicarbonate solution.

In general, during operation, mixing chamber 140 includes one be located above one layer of powdered sodium bicarbonate concentrate Layer sodium bicarbonate solution, because powdered sodium bicarbonate is bigger than solution density and rests on the bottom of mixing chamber.With in the future The water that hydrophone 138 is produced from air is added to mixing chamber 140, and water is fallen into this layer of solution, leads to the undissolved close to this layer of solution Sodium bicarbonate powder part generate stirring, thus sodium bicarbonate powder is caused to be mixed with solution.This mixing action has Help sodium bicarbonate powder to be dissolved into solution, and therefore help ensure that solution is saturated.Sodium bicarbonate solution can be used as dialysing The constituent of liquid.In some embodiments, one or more other materials can be combined with sodium bicarbonate solution.For example, all As the electrolyte, acetate and/or acid of sodium chloride, calcium chloride or potassium chloride can be added in bicarbonate solution (for example, through By feeding pipe 128) to form dialyzate.

Mixing chamber 140 is connected to haemodialysis control unit 102 via dialyzate feeding pipe 128.Discharge pipe and ultrafiltration pipeline 129 also extend from haemodialysis control unit 102.In some embodiments, discharge pipe be located at haemodialysis control unit 102 back and because This is invisible in Fig. 1.Dialyzate feeding pipe 126, discharge pipe and ultrafiltration pipeline 129 are fluidly connected to haemodialysis control unit The various dialyzate components and dialysis liquid pipeline of a part for formation dialysis fluid circuit in 102 shell 103.In haemodialysis Period, dialyzate feeding pipe 126 by fresh dialyzate from mixing chamber 140 be transported to dialysis fluid circuit be located at haemodialysis Part in machine 102.It is as noted above, fresh dialyzate circulate through to be formed dialysis fluid circuit various dialysis liquid pipelines and Dialyzate component, including dialyzer 110.As it will be described below, as dialyzate passes through dialyzer 110, collects and come from patient The toxin of blood.It is formed by used dialyzate and is transported to delivery pipe via discharge pipe from dialysis fluid circuit.When controlling When executing ultrafiltration during treatment, the combination for the excess fluid that used dialyzate (described below) is discharged with patient's body is by via super Chimney filter road 129 is transported to delivery pipe.

Dialyzer 110 is used as the filter of blood samples of patients.Dialyzate passes through dialyzer 110 together with blood, such as institute above It states.Semi-transparent structure (for example, semi-permeable membrane and/or semi-transparent micro-pipe) in dialyzer 110 will be by the blood of dialyzer 110 and dialysis Liquid separates.This arrangement allows dialyzate to collect the toxin from blood samples of patients.Flow out the filtered of dialyzer 110 Blood returns to patient's body.The dialyzate for flowing out dialyzer 110 includes the toxin removed from blood, and is commonly referred to as " used Dialyzate ".Used dialyzate is directed to delivery pipe from dialyzer 110.In some embodiments, if using absorption dress It sets, then used dialyzate is recycled through adsorption filter, as described in greater detail below.

Drug pump 192 also extends from the front of haemodialysis control unit 102.Drug pump 192 is syringe pump comprising is configured At the clamp system for the syringe 178 for keeping blood component set 104.Drug pump 192 further includes stepper motor, the stepper motor It is configured to make the plunger of syringe 178 to be moved along the axis of syringe 178.The axis of stepper motor is fixed in the following manner To plunger, that is, when operating stepper motor along first direction, plunger is pressed into syringe by axis, and is being operated in a second direction When, axis pulls out plunger from syringe 178.Therefore drug pump 192 can be used for during use by liquid drug (for example, liver Element) it is injected into blood circuit from syringe 178 via drug delivery pipe road 174, or conveyed during use via drug Liquid is drawn into from blood circuit in syringe 178 by pipeline 174.

Haemodialysis control unit 102 includes the user interface with such as input unit of touch screen 118 and control panel 120. Touch screen 118 and control panel 120 allow operator that a variety of different treatment parameters are input to haemodialysis control unit 102 and with it His mode controls haemodialysis control unit 102.Touch screen 118 shows information to the operator of hemodialysis system 100.

Haemodialysis control unit 102 further includes control unit 101 (for example, processor), which, which is configured to receive, comes From touch screen 118, the signal of control panel 120 and blood pump module 134 and convey signal to it.Control unit 101 can (example It such as) is based at least partially on saturating to control blood from touch screen 118, control panel 120 and 134 received signal of blood pump module The operating parameter of analysis machine 102, to control the dialysis treatment for being administered to patient.For example, control unit 101 is configured to control pump It is sent to the flow velocity of patient's body and the blood pumped out from patient's body, such as based on the letter received from blood pump module 134 Number.In some embodiments, blood pump module 134 may include the control unit (for example, processor) of its own, the control list Member is configured to control operating parameter associated with velocity of blood flow.

Fig. 2 shows the examples of solar panel 136 shown in FIG. 1.Solar panel 136 be configured to generate for for The electric power of the component power supply of haemodialysis control unit 102.Solar panel 136 includes the solar energy module 202 of electrical connection, is respectively wrapped Include multiple solar cells 204.Solar energy module 202 is attached to each other by connector 206.

Solar cell 204 receives the luminous energy (for example, coming from the sun) of form of photons, and received luminous energy is used to generate Electric power.Electric power is generated by photovoltaic effect, this is physical chemical phenomenon, causes to generate voltage in solar cell 204 And electric current.It is based on material used in solar cell 204 to the characteristic part of produced electric power.In some embodiments, Solar cell 204 may include one or more of following items：Silicon metal, thin film cadmium telluride, thin film silicon based on chip, And the composite semiconductor of such as GaAs, it only enumerates herein several.

Connector 206 allows solar energy module 202 to pivot so that solar energy module is oriented at towards the sun.Too Sun relative to horizontal position depend on haemodialysis control unit 102 geographical location, and the sun relative to horizontal position with It time passage and changes.Solar energy module 202 can based on the geographical location of time of day and haemodialysis control unit 102 positioning and Orientation so that solar energy module 202 is pointing directly at the sun, therefore producible electricity is made to maximize.

Connector 206 can be hinge, and solar energy module 202 is allowed to be pivoted relative to each other.In some embodiments In, connector 206 allows solar energy module 202 to be folded in top of each other, in favor of storing and shipping.

In the example present, solar panel 136 is configured to be electrically connected to battery pack 208.Battery pack 208 can be again Rechargeable battery is configured to store the charge obtained from the electric power generated by solar panel 136.Battery pack 208 can be electrically connected It is connected to haemodialysis control unit 102, to provide electric power to haemodialysis control unit 102 and its associated part.By this method, even if too When sun can generate electricity impossible, or when the condition of solar power generation is not so good (for example, at night, when the sun is lived by obnubilation, When solar panel 136 is not in the light of the sun, etc.), haemodialysis control unit 102 can be still powered.In some embodiment party In formula, battery pack 208 may be provided in haemodialysis control unit 102 (for example, in shell 103 of haemodialysis control unit 102).

As described above, haemodialysis control unit 102 is configured to generate water, which can be used in the rare environment of water purification Operation.Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of air production hydrophone 138 shown in FIG. 1.Air production hydrophone 108 is configured to from surrounding air In moisture extract water.

Air (that is, including the air of at least some vapor) at least a degree of humidity passes through air filtration Device 302 enters air and produces hydrophone 138.Air filter 302 removes the undesirable dust or particle in air, otherwise these ashes Dirt or particle may pollute extracted water.Filtered air is sent to evaporator 304.Evaporator 304 includes coil 306, which is cooled down by the refrigerant of flowing through coil 306.As air is through overcooled coil 306, the temperature of air reduces To its dew point, so that the moisture in air is condensed into water.The water extracted is sent to the container 308 for storing water In.

Refrigerant circulates through coil 306 and condenser 310 by compressor 312.Refrigerant is as cooling low pressure gas Body arrives at compressor 312.Compressor 312 by refrigerant compression at the high pressure gas of heat, the high pressure gas of heat inflow condenser In 310.Condenser 310 is for some heats from refrigerant that dissipate.Therefore, when refrigerant leaves condenser 310, refrigeration Agent has relatively cool temperature.Liquid cryogen enters the coil 306 of evaporator 304, and cooling coil 306 so that in coil The air (for example, entering the humid air that air produces hydrophone 108 by air filter 302) passed through on 306 is cooled to it Below dew point.Moisture in air is condensed into water and is stored into container 308.Refrigerant is then back into compressor 312, To recycle in a similar manner.

Air production hydrophone 138 can be configured to as online production water source.That is, air production hydrophone 138 can be from surrounding Air extracts water, and extracted water is immediately used to generate dialyzate and/or physiological saline immediately or almost after extraction. In some embodiments, air production hydrophone 138 is mainly used for storing extracted water (for example, in container 308) for follow-up It uses.For example, if air production hydrophone 138 cannot to be sufficient for the Rate extraction water of the needs of hemodialysis system 100, Air production hydrophone 138 can operate the water to provide time enough to extract enough before application dialysis treatment.

Air production hydrophone 138 further includes the pump of the other parts for the water extracted to be provided to haemodialysis control unit 102 314.The water extracted can be subjected to one or more additional filtration steps, including extracted water is made to pass through ultrapure filter. Pump 314 then is configured to pump water into mixing chamber 140, and water is mixed with concentrate and electrolyte to generate in mixing chamber Analyse liquid.In some embodiments, generated dialyzate can be stored in dialyzate storage before being fed into dialysis fluid circuit In storage.Dislysate reservoir can be configured to substantially six liters of dialyzates of storage.In some embodiments, the water extracted exists It is pumped into before mixing chamber 140, dislysate reservoir can be initially provided.Water can then be mixed with concentrate and electrolyte with Dialyzate is generated, and generated dialyzate can be pumped back dislysate reservoir.In some embodiments, the water extracted It continuously loops through by dislysate reservoir, mixing chamber 140 and returns to dislysate reservoir.By this method, it can be achieved that using new The sustainable supply for the dialyzate that the water of fresh extraction generates.

Generated dialyzate can meet International Organization for standardization (ISO) standard, American National Standards Association (ANSI) mark Accurate and/or association for the advancement of medical instrumentation (AAMI) standard, such as covers the dialysis fluid for haemodialysis and therapies related thereto Quality ISO/ANSI/AAMI 11663:2014, or cover fluid for haemodialysis and therapies related thereto preparation and The ISO/ANSI/AAMI 23500 of the guidance of qualitative control:2014.Concentrate for generating dialyzate can meet ISO/ ANSI/AAMI standards such as cover the ISO/ANSI/AAMI 13958 of the concentrate for haemodialysis and therapies related thereto: 2014。

Air production hydrophone 138 pump 314 be also configured to pump water into the forward osmosis container 400 of Fig. 4, so as to In generating physiological saline, as described in greater detail below.Air production hydrophone 138 may include one or more filters 316, quilt It is configured to remove dust, particle, the toxin etc. in water before the various pieces for providing water into haemodialysis control unit 102.With this Mode, can by water for before generating dialyzate and/or physiological saline and before being introduced into patient's body properly into Row adjustment.

In some embodiments, the water extracted is added before the other parts for being provided to haemodialysis control unit 102 Heat.In some embodiments, including the water heater of one or more heating elements can be incorporated into that in air production hydrophone 138. For example, water heater can be incorporated into that in the container 308 for storing extracted water.In some embodiments, 308 He of container The water heater being incorporated to can also be used for water supply pressurization and/or exhaust, and to generate the water with ISO qualities, the water is for generating Liquid and/or physiological saline are analysed, as described in greater detail below.In some instances, water can meet ISO/ANSI/AAMI standards, Such as cover the ISO/ANSI/AAMI 13959 of the water for haemodialysis and therapies related thereto:2014, and for generate water, Water supply is heated and/or the equipment of exhaust (for example, air production hydrophone 138, water heater and/or mixing chamber 104) can meet ISO/ ANSI/AAMI standards such as cover the ISO/ANSI/AAMI of the water treatment facilities for haemodialysis application and therapies related thereto 26722:2014。

Water can be heated in extraction so that water is in appropriate temperature when needed, to reduce or eliminate delay.Heat Hydrophone may include the coil made of the alloy of such as nickel and/or evanohm.In some embodiments, water heater includes that band protects The heating element of set.The power supply that water heater can be generated by solar panel 136 is (for example, directly or via shown in Fig. 2 Battery pack 208).In some embodiments, water heater has the energy source of its own.For example, water heater may include its own Solar panel (for example, be different from solar panel 136 shown in FIG. 1), be used to supply for heating element for generating The electric power of electricity.

During the operation of hemodialysis system 100, physiological saline can be introduced in patient via intravenous (IV) pipeline In vivo.Physiological saline can be used for various reasons, including be perfused and wash away transducer potector, path is provided for the conveying of drug Deng.For example, before solution is supplied to patient via IV pipelines, one or more drug substances can be mixed into physiological saline In.Physiological saline provides in advance packaged sack sometimes.In some instances, physiological saline can be dense with salt by Jiang Shui Contracting object is mixed and is generated on demand.

In some embodiments, hemodialysis system 100 includes adsorbent equipment (for example, absorbing cylinder/filter), the suction Adsorption device is configured to used dialyzate recycling so that used dialyzate can be reused for hemodialysis.Such as Described in Fig. 1, as dialyzate passes through dialyzer 110, dialyzate collects the toxin from blood samples of patients.It is formed by Used dialyzate can be transported to delivery pipe from dialysis fluid circuit via discharge pipe, and new dialyzate can be used for subsequently controlling It treats.However, in some embodiments, used dialyzate is provided to adsorbent equipment, which can be removed used Dialyzate in toxin (for example, such as urea).The dialyzate of recycling then can loop back pass through dialysis fluid circuit, and It is reused for the blood of purification patient.

In some embodiments, dialyzate pass through adsorbent equipment when, can be removed from dialyzate it is one or more not Desired substance (for example, uric acid, middle molecule, oxidant etc.).It in some embodiments, can be by one or more desired objects Matter (for example, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium etc.) is added in the dialyzate for leaving adsorbent equipment (for example, being reintroduced to by dialyzate Before in dialysis fluid circuit).It in some embodiments, can be for dilute if the na concn of the dialyzate of recycling is excessively high It releases purpose water (for example, the water extracted by air production hydrophone 138) is introduced into the dialyzate of recycling.

In some embodiments, in addition to adsorbent equipment for purifying used dialyzate, can also be used to adsorbent equipment Dialyzate is generated in auxiliary mixing chamber 140.In some instances, the water that air production hydrophone 138 generates is being provided to mixing chamber Pass through adsorbent equipment before 140, to be filtered.By this method, the water of extraction can before being used to dialyzate quilt Further filtering and purifying.

In some embodiments, adsorbent equipment can be used for substituting mixing chamber 140 to generate dialyzate.For example, by air The water extracted that production hydrophone 138 provides can be mixed with electrolyte, and be filtered by adsorbent equipment to generate via dialysis Liquid feeding pipe 126 is transported to the dialyzate of dialysis fluid circuit.It by dialyzer 110 and is collected from patient's blood in dialyzate After the toxin of liquid, used dialyzate can loop back pass through adsorbent equipment, used dialyzate can quilt at adsorbent equipment It is recycled for reusing.

Fig. 4 shows that an example of forward osmosis container 400, forward osmosis container are configured to permit water to be concentrated with salt Object is mixed to generate physiological saline.Forward osmosis container 400 can be in the form of sack (for example, disposable sack).Forward osmosis Container 400 includes the diaphragm 406 of first compartment 402, second compartment 404 and such as semi-permeable membrane, which makes first compartment and the Two compartments are opened.In some embodiments, compartment 402,404 can reuse, and semi-permeable membrane 406 can be one Secondary property.Disposable semi-permeable membrane 406 reaches the new semi-permeable membranes 406 of Shi Keyong in its service life and substitutes.

First compartment 402 is configured to storage salt concentrat 408, such as sodium chloride.Water 414 is (for example, shown in Fig. 1 and 3 The water that generates of air production hydrophone 138) enter the second compartment 404 of forward osmosis container 400 via entrance 416.By water 414 When being introduced into second compartment 404, it is in first compartment 402 and mixed with salt concentrat 408 that semi-permeable membrane 406 allows water 414 to enter It closes.Semi-permeable membrane 406 does not allow salt concentrat 408 to enter in second compartment 404.Water 414 and the mixing of salt concentrat 408 cause Form the first salt concentrat solution 410 (for example, salt concentrat solution of high concentration) being gathered in first compartment 402.

Continue to be introduced in second compartment 404 with dampening 414, the second salt concentrat solution 412 is (for example, relatively low dense The salt concentrat solution of degree) it is gathered in second compartment 404.In particular, some of the first salt concentrat solution 410 enter In second compartment 404, and mixed with the water of introducing 414 to form the second salt concentrat solution 412.It is gathered in second compartment 414 In the second salt concentrat solution 412 metastasis degree and generated concentration be based on the first solution 410 and the second solution 412 it Between osmotic pressure gradient.The concentration of second salt concentrat solution 412 may depend on the characteristic of salt concentrat 408, first compartment 402 The amount of the salt concentrat 408 of middle offer and the characteristic of semi-permeable membrane 406, the permeability for liquids, etc. of such as diaphragm 406.Have The second solution 412 (for example, the salt concentrat to match with the concentration of physiological saline) of appropriate salinity then can be via outlet 418 are provided to patient.

In some embodiments, forward osmosis container 400 can be disposable sack, and it is dense to be filled with salt during fabrication Contracting object 408.The disposable sack is attachable to IV bar (not shown).The output end of air production hydrophone 138 could attach to entrance 416, and outlet 418 can be introduced into patient's body (for example, via IV pipelines).In some embodiments, forward osmosis container 400 include one or more sensors, the pressure or flow velocity in compartment 402,404 for monitoring forward osmosis container 400.Come It can be used for determining from the measured value of pressure or flow sensor or predict that the first salt concentrat solution 410 or the second salt concentrat are molten The salinity of liquid 412.In some embodiments, one or more conductivity sensors can be used for determining that the first salt concentrat is molten The conductibility of liquid 410 or the second salt concentrat solution 412.Such conductivity measurements can be used for finding out the first salt concentrat solution 410 and second salt concentrat solution 412 salinity.

One or more components of hemodialysis system 100 can be discrete component, can be individually incorporated into blood In liquid dialysis system 100 (for example, after preliminary manufacture of basic hemodialysis system 100).In some embodiments, existing Hemodialysis system can be equipped with solar panel 136, air production hydrophone 138 and/or mixing chamber 140, for by blood Dialysis system is adapted to the system that can be operated under extreme conditions.

In some instances, hemodialysis system can be configured in the typical medical facility that electric power and water purification can be used Operation.The power supply that the hemodialysis system can be provided by conventional jack.Hemodialysis system, which is also configured to receive, to be come From the prefabricated dialysis of dialyzate supply source (such as dialyzate is supplied to the dialysis fluid container of dialysis fluid circuit via feeding pipe) Liquid.Therefore, under normal operation, hemodialysis system may be not necessarily to solar panel, also not need air production hydrophone.

Urgent or disaster scenarios it is likely to occur near hemodialysis system, and hemodialysis system needs are not having support Live dialysis treatment is carried out in the environment of the condition of such treatment.For example, it may be possible to can not hemodialysis system be transported to patient At the medical facilities for applying conventional dialysis treatment at place.On the contrary, hemodialysis system can be transported to disaster place, and Disaster place may not have necessary resource.

In some instances, hemodialysis system can be configured to substitute sexual norm operation, wherein using solar panel (for example, solar panel 136 shown in FIG. 1) is powered for hemodialysis system.Haemodialysis control unit may include electrical interface (for example, Electric port), solar panel may be connected to the electrical interface.In some embodiments, hemodialysis system may include battery pack (for example, battery pack 208 shown in Fig. 2) is configured to store from the electric power generated by solar panel and/or via electric mortiser The charge that the electric power that seated connection is received obtains.By this method, haemodialysis control unit can be disconnected with electrical socket, and in the not available position of electric power sheet The place of setting alternatively is powered by the electric power of solar panel generation or the electric power of battery pack offer.

In some instances, haemodialysis control unit is configured to be equipped with air production hydrophone (for example, air shown in FIG. 1 produces Hydrophone 138), air production hydrophone is configured to extract water from the surrounding air at scene.Haemodialysis control unit can also be equipped with mixing Room (for example, mixing chamber 140 shown in FIG. 1), the mixing chamber are configured to that extracted water is used to generate dialyzate.For example, Prefabricated dialyzate supply source (for example, dialysis fluid container) may be removed from haemodialysis control unit, and air production hydrophone and mixing is used in combination Room substitutes.Air production hydrophone may be connected to mixing chamber so that the water extracted is provided to mixing chamber.Such as powdered bicarbonate The concentrate of sodium can be introduced in mixing chamber.As the water for producing hydrophone from air is added to powdered sodium bicarbonate Mixing chamber, formed can be used as dialyzate a part sodium bicarbonate solution.Mixing chamber can supply dialyzate via dialyzate It is supplied to dialysis fluid circuit to pipeline.

Solid-state bicarbonate concentrate (for example, powdered sodium bicarbonate) usually is easier to store than sodium bicarbonate solution. Therefore, powdered sodium bicarbonate can be stored in the sealing container for allowing longer-term to store.By this method, dialyzate can scene press It needs to generate, to reduce the difficulty involved by storage dialyzate.

In some embodiments, hemodialysis system may also comprise forward osmosis container (for example, forward direction shown in Fig. 4 Permeability vessel 400).In the normal operation period, hemodialysis system can be configured to prefabricated physiological saline from physiological saline Bag is supplied to patient via IV pipelines.However, in the environment of replacement, normal saline bag can be replaced with forward osmosis container on the contrary Generation.In a manner of similar to above with reference to described in Fig. 4, salt concentrat can be placed in the first compartment of forward osmosis container, and The second compartment of forward osmosis container can be flowed through by the water of air production hydrophone extraction.Semi-permeable membrane allows water to be flowed between compartment, And it is mixed into the salt concentrat solution with the salinity to match with physiological saline.Salt concentrat solution rather than prefabricated physiology Brine then can be provided to patient.

Such as the solid-state bicarbonate concentrate used in mixing chamber, the salt concentrat used in forward osmosis container can It is stored in the sealing container for allowing longer-term to store.By this method, physiological saline live can on demand generate, to reduce Difficulty under the conditions of appropriate involved by storage physiological saline.

After disaster scenarios it recession, hemodialysis system can be returned medical facilities and is coupled again with its infrastructure device. For example, solar panel, air production hydrophone, mixing chamber and forward osmosis container can be removed.Hemodialysis system then can return The power supply that its main operating modes, wherein haemodialysis control unit are provided by electrical socket, and during the application of dialysis treatment Use prefabricated dialyzate and physiological saline.

Although having described some embodiments, other embodiment is also feasible.

Although being described as solar panel to include three solar energy modules, in some embodiments, can be used Less or more solar energy module.For example, in some embodiments, solar panel may include single solar energy mould Block is pivotably attached to dialysis machine.In some embodiments, solar panel may include any number of solar energy mould Block can position each independently.

Although solar panel has been described as being connected to battery pack, the battery storage by solar panel from being generated The charge that electric power obtains, but in some embodiments, the electric power generated by solar panel can be that dialysis machine directly be powered (example Such as, electric power not first by battery storage in the case of).For example, solar panel can be configured to generate it is a certain amount of Electric power, the amount of power are sufficient to the on-demand power supply of dialysis machine.In some embodiments, solar panel can be configured to defeated Send substantially 20 watts of electric power.In some embodiments, the material of solar panel and size may be selected such that the permission sun Energy panel generates and conveys the electric power of any amount.

Although dialysis system has been described as including air, other productions can be used in some embodiments in production hydrophone Hydrophone and/or water source.For example, dialysis system may include wet drier production hydrophone.Wet drier production hydrophone may include being configured to Absorb the salt (for example, salt in concentrated salt solution) of ambient moisture.Water can be then extracted from saline solution, and is being supplied to It is purified before the component of dialysis system.

Although water heater has been described as in the storage container for being incorporated into air production hydrophone, in some embodiments, Water heater is the separate part of dialysis system.In some embodiments, air production hydrophone will when extracting water from surrounding air The water extracted is supplied to water heater.Water heater may include storage container, wherein the water heated is being provided to dialysis machine It is stored in this before other parts.

Although dialysis system has been described as including solar panel, air production hydrophone, the mixing for generating dialyzate Room and forward osmosis container for generating physiological saline, but in some embodiments, this can be omitted from the dialysis system One or more of a little components.

In some embodiments, dialysis system can be positioned in the environment that can obtain water purification source, to eliminate to big Gas produces the needs of hydrophone.Therefore, different water purification sources can feed water to mixing chamber and/or forward osmosis container to generate dialysis Liquid and/or physiological saline.

In some embodiments, dialysis system can be positioned in the environment that can obtain dialyzate and/or physiological saline, To eliminate the needs for producing hydrophone to mixing chamber, forward osmosis container and/or air.Therefore, dialyzate can be supplied via dialyzate It is supplied directly to dialysis fluid circuit to pipeline, and physiological saline can be supplied directly to patient via IV pipelines.

In some embodiments, dialysis system can be positioned on the ring that can obtain the electric power for being enough to power for dialysis system In border, to eliminate the needs to solar panel.

In some embodiments, dialysis system may include solar panel, air production hydrophone, for generating dialyzate Mixing chamber and one or more of forward osmosis container for generating physiological saline, even if this base part not needs at any time It wants.For example, the dialysis system in medical facilities can get electric power, water purification source, dialyzate and physiological saline, but the system that dialyses System can still include solar panel, air production hydrophone, mixing chamber and forward osmosis container, in order to provide can ensure that dialysis system Alternative without interrupt operation.

Although the water of air production hydrophone extraction has been described for generating dialyzate and physiological saline, in some implementations In mode, the water extracted can also be used for other purposes.In some embodiments, the water extracted can be with calcium hypochlorite (example Such as bleaching agent) mixing, to form the dilution liquid lime chloride for the component sterilization for dialysis system.

In in the examples described above some, dialysis system has been described as having similar to present in conventional dialysis system Characteristic.For example, the dialysis system has been described as being designed for the operation in traditional environment (for example, medical facilities) Dialysis system, but with additional ability to be coupled with discrete component, which allows dialysis system alternative Operation in environment (for example, disaster assistance resettlement place, low developed area, developing country etc.).However, in some embodiments In, dialysis system may include one or more alternative or additional components, allow dialysis system even more extreme Operation (for example, nearly or completely loseing the environment of the sun, such as indoor disaster assistance place) under environment.

In some embodiments, dialysis system may include generator, which is configured in response to by dialysis machine The mechanical movement that executes of operator generate electric power.Generator may include mechanical part, such as foot or hand power crank, The crank generates electric power during the operation of operator using electromagnetic induction.Generator during dialysis treatment can continuously or It essentially continuously operates, to provide the electric power for being enough to power for dialysis machine.In some embodiments, dialysis system can also wrap Battery pack is included, which is configured to store the charge that the electric power generated from generator obtains.Battery pack can be for storing up The same battery pack of the charge obtained from the electric power generated by solar panel is deposited, as described above.That is, dialysis system It may include both solar panel and generator, they can be used separately or together to generate electric power.

Although blood pump (132) shown in FIG. 1 have been described as being controlled by blood pump module 134 and control unit 101, In some embodiments, dialysis system includes the blood pump (for example, by operator of dialysis machine) of manual control.For example, blood Liquid pump may include mechanical part, such as foot pump or hand pump, cause blood to be pumped into patient's body during operation and from trouble It is pumped out in person's body.In some embodiments, blood pump need not by control unit or blood pump module come control so as into Row operation.For example, blood pump may include one or more valves (for example, check valve), which is configured to control It is pumped into the flow velocity of patient's body and the blood pumped out from patient's body so that flow velocity is maintained at acceptable limit value It is interior.The check valve can also avoid blood from being flowed out from patient's body, to avoid the excessive blood loss of patient's body.With this side Formula, operator can be operated the risk of foot pump or hand pump without damaging patient by various rates.

In some embodiments, the flow velocity of blood is by one or more of the other component controls.For example, velocity of blood flow can be by Other types of valve control (for example, being different from check valve), is configured to maintain flow velocity in acceptable limit value.One In a little embodiments, dialysis system may include the one or more sensors for being configured to measure velocity of blood flow.For example, flow velocity passes Sensor can be incorporated into blood circuit and/or patient circuit (for example, artery patient circuit 106 shown in FIG. 1 and vein patient circuit 108) in transducer potector.If measured flow velocity is unacceptable, sensor may make flow velocity to be adjusted (example Such as, by adjusting the characteristic of valve), or blood flow can be caused to stop (for example, by closing valve).In some embodiments In, sensor can be configured to the flow direction of detection blood.For example, if sensor determines that blood is just flowed along unexpected direction Dynamic, then sensor can (132) shown in FIG. 1 provide signal so that blood pump stops to blood pump.In some embodiments, Sensor can be configured to the presence of air in detection transducer potector.In some embodiments, sensor can cause to responding Report, with instruction, there are error condition, such as unacceptable velocity of blood flow, the unexpected flow direction of blood and/or transducer potectors The presence of middle air.The form of the alarm available message provides via user interface (for example, touch screen 118), uses audio alarm Form provided via loud speaker or with the form of visual alarm via flash lamp offer, etc..

In some embodiments, blood pump can be configured to generate electric power in response to manual operation.For example, Machinery Ministry Part (for example, foot pump or hand pump) can be used as generator, in a manner of similar to above with reference to described in foot or hand power crank. Electromagnetic induction can be used to generate electric power in the mechanical movement of pump.Generated electric power, which can be used for obtaining, is stored in dialysis system Charge in battery pack.In the embodiment that dialysis system includes solar panel, battery pack can be for store from by The same battery pack for the charge that the electric power that solar panel generates obtains.

In some embodiments, dialysis system can be configured to operate in the low power mode.For example, dialysis system by In the embodiment that generator is manually powered, generated electric power may be not enough to the complete of all features for dialysis system Operation.In such cases, dialysis system can be configured to deactivate inessential feature to allow generated electric power to be necessity Feature is fully powered (for example, the necessary feature for patient safety).

Although dialysis system has been primarily described as hemodialysis system, other medical treatment systems can also be used herein The technology.The example of other medical treatment systems includes peritonaeum (PD) dialysis system, blood filtration system, haemodialysis Filter system, blood constituent piece-rate system and cardiopulmonary bypass system.

In some embodiments, air production hydrophone and mixing chamber are used for be approximately similar to above with reference to generation dialysis The mode that the mode of liquid describes generates PD solution.PD solution can be supplied to the abdominal cavity of patient by the pump of PD machines.PD solution can quilt It leaves to retain a period of time.During detention, by toxin from being filled into blood samples of patients in PD solution.It then can be from patient's body Interior discharge PD solution.

Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of such as dialysis machine of hemodialysis system 500, is configured in alternate rings It is operated in border.Although dialysis machine as described herein is mainly discussed in conjunction with hemodialysis system by way of example, it is apparent that answering It is noted that dialysis machine described herein is used in combination with other types of medical treatment device and treatment, including peritoneal dialysis (PD) System.Haemodialysis control unit 500 is operated in a manner of being approximately similar to describe above with reference to hemodialysis system 100 shown in FIG. 1, But there are various modifications, as detailed below.

Haemodialysis control unit 500 includes solar panel array 536, for generating electric power for for haemodialysis control unit 500 Component is powered.Solar panel array 536 may include the solar energy module of one or more electrical connections, each solar energy module It may include one or more solar cells.Solar panel array 536 is configured to receive the luminous energy of form of photons, and uses The luminous energy received generates electric power.Solar panel array 536 may include pivotable component, which allows solar energy Panel array 536 is directed towards the sun.

Haemodialysis control unit 500 further includes artificial generator 502, which is configured in response to manual operation Generate electric power.Artificial generator 502 may include mechanical part, such as foot or hand power crank, in the operation of operator Period generates electric power using electromagnetic induction.Artificial generator 502 continuously or substantially can be grasped continuously during dialysis treatment Make, to provide the electric power for being enough to power for haemodialysis control unit 500.Electric power for powering for haemodialysis control unit 500 can be by the sun Both energy panel array 536 and artificial generator 502 are generated with arbitrary ratio.For example, haemodialysis control unit 500 can be by solar energy Panel array 536 and artificial generator 502 are equably powered.In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit 500 can be by manually sending out Motor 502 is fully powered-on (for example, in sunlight non-availability).In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit 500 can be by solar energy Panel array 536 is fully powered-on (for example, allowing as at this time in weather condition).In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit 500 It can partly be powered by solar panel array 536, and be supplemented by the electric power from artificial generator 502, be enough to use to realize In the enough electric power of haemodialysis control unit 500 appropriately operated.

Haemodialysis control unit 500 includes one or more battery group 504, is electrically connected to solar panel array 536 and people One in work generator 502 or two should.Battery pack 504 can be configured to storage from by solar panel array 536 and manually The charge that electric power obtains caused by one or two of generator 502.In some embodiments, the first battery pack is electrically connected It is connected to solar panel array 536, and is configured to store the electricity obtained from the electric power generated by solar panel array 536 Lotus, and the second battery pack is electrically connected to artificial generator 502 and is configured to store the electric power from being generated by artificial generator 502 Obtained charge.In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit 500 can be by storing the electricity generated from solar panel array 536 The battery pack 504 for the charge that power obtains is powered, and until battery pack 504 exhausts electricity, haemodialysis control unit 500 can be by manually sending out at this time Motor 502 is powered on demand to allow to carry out ongoing operation.

Haemodialysis control unit 500 includes pump 522 (for example, blood and dialysis liquid pump), which is configured to make blood and dialysis Liquid circulates through the blood circuit and dialysis fluid circuit of dialysis machine 500.Haemodialysis control unit 500 may also comprise pump module and (not show Go out), operator can be with pump module reciprocation with pump operation 522.In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit 500 includes using In the individual pump that blood and dialyzate are pumped across to its each self-loop.

Dialysis fluid circuit is connected to haemodialysis control unit 500 by dialyzer 510, adsorbent equipment 506 and by dialysis fluid circuit Dialysis liquid pipeline is formed.Dialysis fluid circuit may also comprise other dialyzate component, be placed in the shell of haemodialysis control unit 500 It is internal.During treatment, pump 522 makes blood circulation pass through blood circuit, and dialyzate is made to circulate through dialysis fluid circuit.Dialyzate Fresh dialyzate is conveyed through dialyzer 510 by feeding pipe, which is used as the filter of blood samples of patients.Dialyzate with Blood passes through dialyzer 510 together.Semi-transparent structure (for example, semi-permeable membrane and/or semi-transparent micro-pipe) in dialyzer 510 will pass through saturating The blood of parser 510 is separated with dialyzate.This arrangement allows dialyzate to collect the toxin from blood samples of patients.Outflow The filtered blood of dialyzer 510 returns to patient's body.Filtered blood can be returned to via intravenous drip room 520 suffers from In person's body, which may include bubble and liquid level detector.The dialyzate of dialyzer 510 is left (for example, used Analyse liquid) include the toxin removed from blood, it is directed to adsorbent equipment 506.

Adsorbent equipment 506 (for example, absorbing cylinder/filter) is configured to used dialyzate recycling, so that handy The dialyzate crossed can be reused for further hemodialysis.The poison in used dialyzate can be removed in adsorbent equipment 506 Plain (for example, such as urea), and the dialyzate recycled then can loop back further cleaned by dialysis fluid circuit The blood of patient.For before further cleaning, the dialyzate of recycling to be provided to dislysate reservoir 508, this is thoroughly Dialyzate caused by the storage of liquid reservoir is analysed, as detailed further below.It is big that dislysate reservoir 508 can be configured to storage Cause six liters of dialyzates.The dialyzate of recycling can be mixed with generated dialyzate, and liquid mixture of dialysing was circulated through thoroughly Liquid circuit is analysed to clean the blood of patient.

In some embodiments, it when dialyzate passes through adsorbent equipment 506, can be removed from dialyzate one or more Desired substance (for example, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium etc.).The substance of such removing, which can be added to, leaves the saturating of adsorbent equipment 506 Analyse liquid (for example, before dialyzate is reintroduced in dialysis fluid circuit).In some embodiments, if recycling is saturating The na concn for analysing liquid is excessively high, then can be introduced the water into the dialyzate of recycling for dilution purpose.

Haemodialysis control unit 500 includes that air produces hydrophone 538, and air production hydrophone is configured to from the moisture in surrounding air Water is extracted, and the water extracted is supplied to one or more parts of haemodialysis control unit 500.Air produces hydrophone 538 can be by base The mode described in the air production hydrophone 138 above with reference to Fig. 1 and 3 is similar in sheet to operate.The water extracted is provided to filter Hydrophone 512 (for example, ultrapure filter), the water filter remove the unexpected substance in extracted water.The water extracted is subsequent It is provided to water tank 514 and forward osmosis container 516.

Water tank 514 includes the hot water for heating extracted water before being used for the water extracted to generate dialyzate Device.Water heater may include one or more heating elements, be configured to that the water extracted is heated, pressurizeed and/or arranged Gas meets the water of ISO qualities to generate.In some embodiments, water heater is solar powered.For example, water heater can Including solar panel array 518 (for example, being different from above-mentioned solar panel array 536), the solar panel array quilt It is configured to generate the electric power for for heating element power supply.In some embodiments, water heater is by solar panel array 536 The power supply generated with one or two of artificial generator 502.In some embodiments, Water heater electric is connected to electricity Pond group 504 is simultaneously powered by it.

The water extracted is supplied to dislysate reservoir 508 by water tank 514.In some embodiments, it is extracted Water is provided to mixing chamber (not shown) before being provided to dislysate reservoir 508.Mixing chamber can be by being substantially similar to It is operated above with reference to the mode described in mixing chamber 140 shown in FIG. 1.In particular, the water extracted can with concentrate (such as Solids concentration) mixing, such as powdered sodium bicarbonate, to form the mixed carbonic acid hydrogen sodium solution as dialyzate.Mixing chamber Then dialyzate can be supplied to dislysate reservoir 508.In some embodiments, dislysate reservoir 508 itself is available Make mixing chamber.That is, dislysate reservoir 508 may include concentrate, which mixes with the water extracted to generate Circulate through the dialyzate of dialysis fluid circuit.

In some embodiments, haemodialysis control unit 500 does not include the independent mixing chamber for generating dialyzate.And It is that adsorbent equipment 506 can be used for generating dialyzate.For example, the water extracted is provided to dislysate reservoir 508, wherein institute The water of extraction recycles (for example, by pump 522) and reaches adsorbent equipment 506 by dialysis fluid circuit first.Adsorbent equipment 506 can wrap One or more substances are included, which mixes with the water extracted to generate dialyzate.Generated dialyzate It is then stored in dislysate reservoir 508 for being used for dialysis treatment.Dialyzate then can recycle together with the blood of patient By dialyzer 510, to remove the toxin for carrying out autoblood.Used dialyzate then can be supplied to adsorbent equipment 506 so as to Recycling is for further using.The dialyzate of recycling is provided to dislysate reservoir 508.

The water extracted is also provided to forward osmosis container 516, wherein the water extracted is for generating physiological saline.It is positive Permeability vessel 516 can operate in the way of being substantially similar to above with reference to described in forward osmosis container 400 shown in Fig. 4. Forward osmosis container 516 can be in the form of sack (for example, disposable sack).Forward osmosis container 516 includes first compartment, the Two compartments and semi-permeable membrane in-between.In some embodiments, semi-permeable membrane is disposable.

The salt concentrat of such as sodium chloride can be stored in first compartment, and the water extracted can enter second compartment.With The introducing of dampening, semi-permeable membrane allows water to enter in the first compartment with salt concentrat, but does not allow salt concentrat to enter Second compartment with water.The mixing of water and salt concentrat results in the high salt concentration concentrate being gathered in first compartment Solution.Continue to be introduced in second compartment with dampening, relatively low intensity of salt concentrat solution is gathered in second compartment.Compared with The salt concentrat solution of low concentration can have the salinity to match with the physiological saline for being provided to patient.

Although haemodialysis control unit 500 is shown as including artificial generator 502 and individually pump 522, in some embodiment party In formula, artificial generator 502 can be used as one or both of blood and dialyzate being pumped across haemodialysis control unit 500 in itself Pump.For example, haemodialysis control unit 500 may include one or more manual pumps comprising such as mechanical part of foot pump or hand pump, The mechanical part causes blood and/or dialyzate to be pumped across the corresponding circuit of haemodialysis control unit 500.In some embodiments In, manual pumps need not be controlled by control unit or pump module to be operated.For example, manual pumps may include one or more A valve (for example, check valve), the valve are configured to the flow velocity of control blood and/or dialyzate.The valve can be configured to flow into It is maintained in acceptable limit value with the flow velocity of the blood of outflow patient's body.The valve can also avoid blood from patient's body stream Go out, to avoid the excessive blood loss of patient's body.By this method, operator can by various rates operate foot pump or hand pump and The risk of patient is not damaged.The mechanical part is also configured to generate electric power, as described in above with reference to artificial generator 502 's.For example, mechanical part (for example, foot pump or hand pump) can be used as generator, to be similar to above with reference to foot or hand power Mode described in crank.

Fig. 6 is the block diagram of exemplary computer system 600.For example, referring to Fig. 1, control unit 101 can be described herein System 600 an example.System 600 includes processor 610, memory 620, storage device 630 and input/output device 640.(for example) system bus 650 can be used to interconnect for each in component 610,620,630 and 640.Processor 610 can be located Manage the instruction for being executed in system 600.Processor 610 can be single-threaded processor, multiline procedure processor or quantum meter Calculation machine.Processor 610 can handle the instruction being stored in memory 620 or on storage device 630.Processor 610 is executable Operation, such as so that dialysis system executes and voice command, voice alarm and the relevant function of phonetic order.

Memory 620 stores information in system 600.In some embodiments, memory 620 is computer-readable Medium.For example, memory 620 can be volatile memory-elements or Nonvolatile memery unit.In some embodiments In, the storage of memory 620 and the relevant information of patient identity.

Storage device 630 can be that system 600 provides a large amount of storages.In some embodiments, 630 right and wrong of storage device Instantaneity computer-readable medium.For example, storage device 630 may include (for example) hard disk device, optical disc apparatus, solid state disk, Flash disk, tape or certain other mass storage devices.Storage device 630 is alternatively cloud storage device, such as is patrolled Collect storage device comprising the multiple physical storage devices for being distributed on network and network can be used to access.In some embodiment party In formula, the information being stored on memory 620 can also or be alternately stored on storage device 630.

Input/output device 640 is that system 600 provides input/output operations.In some embodiments, input/output Device 640 include Network Interface Unit (for example, Ethernet card), serial communication apparatus (for example, 10 ports RS-232) and/or Radio interface device is (for example, short-range wireless communication means, 802.11 cards, 3G radio modems or 4G wireless-modulated solutions Adjust device) in it is one or more.In some embodiments, input/output device 640 includes drive assembly, is configured At reception input data and output data is sent to other input/output devices, such as keyboard, printer and display device (such as touch screen displays 118).In some embodiments, mobile computing device, mobile communications device and other dresses have been used It sets.

In some embodiments, system 600 is microcontroller.Microcontroller is by the multiple element packet of computer system The device being contained in Single Electron encapsulation.For example, Single Electron encapsulation may include processor 610, memory 620, storage device 630 and input/output device 640.

Although Fig. 6 has been described that example processing system, theme described above and functional performance can be embodied in In other kinds of Fundamental Digital Circuit or in computer software, firmware or hardware, it is included in the description disclosed knot In the combination of structure and its structural equivalent program or one or more of which.The embodiment of theme described in this specification One or more computer program products can be embodied as, i.e., are encoded on tangible program carrier (such as computer-readable medium) Computer program instructions formed one or more modules, for by processing system execute or control process system behaviour Make.Computer-readable medium can be machine-readable storage device, machine readable storage substrate, memory device, realize machine The material composition object of readable transmitting signal or their one or more combinations.

Term " computer system " can cover all devices, device and machine for handling data, with illustration Mode includes programmable processor, computer or multiple processors or multiple computers.In addition to hardware, processing system can also wrap The code for generating performing environment for involved computer program is included, such as constitutes processor firmware, protocol stack, data depositary management Reason system, operating system or one or more combinations in them.

Computer program (also referred to as program, software, software application, script, executable logic or code) can use any shape The programming language of formula is write, including assembler language or interpretive language or declaratively or procedural, and its can cloth be set as appointing What form includes as stand-alone program or as module, component, sub-line journey or suitable for other units in computing environment. Computer program not necessarily corresponds to the file in file system.Program can be stored in the one of the file for keeping other programs or data In part (for example, being stored in one or more of marking language document script), it is stored in and is exclusively used in involved program In single file, or it is stored in multiple coordinated files (for example, the one or more modules of storage, subprogram or code snippet File).Computer program can cloth be set as executing on a computer, or positioned at one place or across multiple places It is distributed and by being executed on multiple computers of telecommunication network interconnection.

Computer-readable medium suitable for storing computer program instructions and data includes the non-volatile of form of ownership Or volatile memory, medium and storage device, it may for example comprise the semiconductor of such as EPROM, EEPROM and flash memory device are deposited Storage device；The disk or tape of such as internal hard drive or removable disk；Magneto-optic disk；And CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks.Place Reason device and memory can be added with dedicated logic circuit or be incorporated into the dedicated logic circuit.The component of system can be by any Form or the digital data communications of medium and interconnect, such as telecommunication network.The example of telecommunication network include LAN (" LAN ") and Wide area network (" WAN "), such as internet.

There have been described a large amount of embodiments of the present invention.It will be appreciated, however, that can be in the spirit without departing substantially from the present invention With various modifications are made under the premise of range.Therefore, other embodiment is also in the range of following claims.

Claims

1. a kind of haemodialysis control unit, including

Blood pump, the blood pump are configured to blood being pumped into patient's body and be pumped out from patient's body；

Solar panel, the solar panel are configured to receive luminous energy and generate electric power；

Air produces hydrophone, and the air production hydrophone is configured to by generated power supply and is configured to carry from surrounding air Water intaking, wherein the water extracted is used to dialyzate；And

Dialyzer, the dialyzer are configured to receive the blood and the dialyzate, remove toxin simultaneously from the blood Filtered blood is supplied to patient.

2. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 1, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes adsorbent equipment, the absorption Device is configured to remove toxin from the used dialyzate of the dialyzer from stream.

3. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the haemodialysis control unit include be configured to store from The battery pack for the charge that generated electric power obtains.

4. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 1-3, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes being configured At the water heater for heating extracted water.

5. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 4, wherein the water heater includes the appearance for storing the water after heating Device.

6. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the water heater includes the second solar panel, described Second solar panel is configured to receive the luminous energy for being used for heating extracted water.

7. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 1-6, wherein the blood pump includes being configured to be grown up The mechanical part of work operation.

8. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 7, wherein the mechanical part include hand pump and foot pump in one kind or Two kinds.

9. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the mechanical part is configured in response to the blood The manual operation of liquid pump and generate electric power.

10. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 9, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes battery pack, the battery pack It is configured to store and obtains from the electric power caused by one or two of the mechanical part and the solar panel Charge.

11. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 1-10, wherein the blood pump includes one or more A valve, one or more of valves are configured to the stream that control is pumped into patient's body and the blood pumped out from patient's body Speed.

12. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 1-11, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes forward direction Permeability vessel, the forward osmosis container include：

First compartment, the first compartment are configured to store salt concentrat；

Second compartment, the second compartment are configured to receive extracted water；And

Diaphragm, the diaphragm separate the first compartment and the second compartment, and the diaphragm, which is configured to permit, to be carried The water taken is mixed with the salt concentrat with physiology saline solution.

13. a kind of haemodialysis control unit, including：

Generator, the generator are configured in response to be produced by the mechanical movement that the operator of the haemodialysis control unit executes Raw electric power；

The processor communicated with the blood pump, the processor by generated power supply and be configured to control be administered to The dialysis treatment of the patient；

Air produces hydrophone, and the air production hydrophone is by generated power supply and is configured to extract water from surrounding air, Middle extracted water is used to dialyzate；And

14. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 13, wherein the generator include hand pump and foot pump in one kind or Two kinds.

15. the haemodialysis control unit according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the processor is configured to control and is pumped into trouble The flow velocity of the blood pumped out in person's body and from patient's body.

16. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 13-15, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes quilt It is configured to store the battery pack of the charge obtained from generated electric power.

17. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 13-16, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes quilt It is configured to receive luminous energy and generates the solar panel of electric power.

18. haemodialysis control unit according to claim 17, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes battery pack, the battery Group is configured to store the electricity obtained from the electric power generated by one or two of the generator and the solar panel Lotus.

19. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 13-18, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes quilt It is configured to heat the water heater of extracted water.

20. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 13-19, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes inhaling Adsorption device, the adsorbent equipment are configured to remove toxin from the used dialyzate of the dialyzer from stream.

21. according to the haemodialysis control unit described in any one of claim 13-20, wherein the haemodialysis control unit includes just To permeability vessel, the forward osmosis container includes：

22. a kind of peritoneal dialysis (PD) machine, including：

Air produces hydrophone, and the air production hydrophone is configured to by generated power supply and is configured to carry from surrounding air Water intaking, wherein the water extracted is used to PD solution；And

Pump, the pump, which is configured to the PD solution being pumped into the abdominal cavity of patient and the abdominal cavity from patient, to be pumped out, wherein When the PD solution resides in the abdominal cavity toxin is removed from the blood of the patient.