CN108471296B - High-precision rapid automatic gain control system suitable for short-time burst transmission - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision rapid automatic gain control system suitable for short-time burst transmission, which comprises a controlled amplifier, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital down-conversion module and an automatic gain control module, wherein the controlled amplifier is used for carrying out gain scaling processing on an analog intermediate-frequency signal input into a system; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the analog intermediate frequency signal subjected to gain scaling into a digital intermediate frequency signal; the digital down-conversion module is used for converting the digital intermediate frequency signal into a digital baseband signal; the automatic gain control module is used for controlling the gain of the controlled amplifier according to the power of the digital baseband signal. The method can effectively solve the problems that the automatic gain control response of the burst service packet is not rapid and the automatic gain control misoperation is caused by strong interference signals, and has the advantages of high adjustment speed, high adjustment precision and zero misoperation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to signal processing, and in particular to digital automatic gain control.
Background
An AGC (Automatic Gain Control) circuit taking common signal power as a judgment basis comprises a variable Gain amplifier with the Gain controlled by a feedback circuit, and the feedback circuit can calculate the Gain of the VGA through the input of the VGA (Video Graphics Array) or the output of the VGA.
The general design goal of feedback circuits is to have the output signal vary in the opposite direction to the input signal. For example, if the input if signal is smaller, the output signal is smaller, and the feedback circuit generates a control word for the variable gain amplifier to increase the gain of the amplifier, so that the output signal is larger. Conversely, a larger input if signal will result in a larger output signal, and the feedback circuit will generate a control word for the variable gain amplifier to reduce the gain of the amplifier, and thus the output signal will be smaller. That is, no matter how the power of the input if signal changes, the power of the output signal will change only in a small range after being conditioned by the feedback circuit. As can be seen from the feedback loop, the automatic gain control actually uses the gain control word calculated from the data of the previous time instant to adjust the input signal at the current time instant, so that the output signal power cannot be completely constant but is dithered around a central value.
The design method has the defects that the design method cannot adapt to a system with burst transmission packets, and when the transmitted signals are not continuous, the signals cannot effectively fill the whole window in the observation time of automatic gain control, so that the average power value obtained by detection cannot accurately reflect the actual signal power, wrong automatic gain control action occurs, and the system is paralyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-precision and high-stability digital automatic gain control system that can be applied to a burst transmission system.
The present invention can be implemented in numerous ways, including as a method, system, device, apparatus, or computer readable medium in which several embodiments of the invention are discussed below.
A high-precision rapid automatic gain control system suitable for short-time burst transmission comprises a controlled amplifier, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital down-conversion module and an automatic gain control module, wherein the controlled amplifier is used for carrying out gain scaling processing on an analog intermediate-frequency signal of an input system; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the analog intermediate frequency signal subjected to gain scaling into a digital intermediate frequency signal; the digital down-conversion module is used for converting the digital intermediate frequency signal into a digital baseband signal; the automatic gain control module is used for controlling the gain of the controlled amplifier according to the power of the digital baseband signal.
Further, the automatic gain control module comprises a power extraction module, a lookup table module and a control word generation module, wherein the power extraction module is used for obtaining the power of the digital baseband signal, and the lookup table module is used for searching the current control word of the controlled amplifier according to the power of the digital baseband signal; the control word generation module is used for generating a final control word of the controlled amplifier.
Further, the power extraction module comprises a quadrature detection module and a precise power extraction module, and the quadrature detection module is used for generating a quadrature indication signal when a decision function of the digital baseband signal cross-correlation function exceeds a threshold value; the accurate power extraction module is used for searching a decision function of a digital baseband signal cross-correlation function corresponding to the orthogonal indication signal in a preset detection window according to the orthogonal indication signal generated by the orthogonal detection module, and taking the maximum value of the decision function of the digital baseband signal cross-correlation function as the power value of the digital baseband signal.
Furthermore, the analog intermediate frequency signal input into the system has a three-section time frame structure, wherein the first section is a sine wave sequence with a high amplitude value, the second section is a short ZC sequence, and the third section is an idle protection period.
Further, a decision function of the digital baseband signal cross-correlation function:
wherein, Ps(d) As a function of cross-correlation, Rs(d) In order to be a function of the correlation window,
r (N) represents the nth sample of the received digital baseband signal, N represents the short ZC sequence length, and d represents the time index corresponding to the first sample in the sample window of length N.
Further, the precise power extraction module is configured to search, in a preset detection window, a decision function of a digital baseband signal cross-correlation function corresponding to the orthogonal indicator signal according to the orthogonal indicator signal generated by the orthogonal detection module, and use a maximum value of the decision function of the digital baseband signal cross-correlation function as a power value of the digital baseband signal.
Furthermore, the look-up table module generates the current control word of the controlled amplifier by looking up the control word corresponding to the interval where the power value of the digital baseband signal is located.
Further, the control word generation module generates a final control word for the controlled amplifier using a sum of the current control word and the previous time control word.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial and positive effects that: the problem that automatic gain control misoperation is caused by the fact that automatic gain control response of a burst service packet is not rapid and strong interference signals can be effectively solved, automatic gain control adjustment is carried out by obtaining the power value of a digital baseband signal through orthogonal detection, and the method has the advantages of high adjustment speed, high adjustment precision and zero misoperation; the sum of the current control word and the control word at the previous moment is used for generating the final control word of the controlled amplifier, so that the analog-digital conversion module is ensured to work at the optimal level value all the time, the adverse effect caused by quantization error can be effectively reduced, the problems of false operation to an interference signal and slow response to burst service, which are easily caused in the automatic gain control process, can be effectively solved, the automatic gain control method can be flexibly applied to the self-networking and point-to-multipoint network networking topology, and has excellent performance through actual inspection.
Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example the principles of the invention.
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The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a digital AGC system according to an embodiment of the present invention
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision rapid automatic gain control system suitable for short-time burst transmission, which comprises a controlled amplifier, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital down-conversion module and an automatic gain control module, wherein the controlled amplifier is used for carrying out gain scaling processing on an analog intermediate-frequency signal input into a system; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the analog intermediate frequency signal subjected to gain scaling into a digital intermediate frequency signal; the digital down-conversion module is used for converting the digital intermediate frequency signal into a digital baseband signal; the automatic gain control module is used for controlling the gain of the controlled amplifier according to the power of the digital baseband signal, and the design of the automatic gain control module can effectively improve the dynamic range of a communication receiver link.
The analog intermediate frequency signal of the input system has a three-section time frame structure, wherein the first section is a sine wave sequence with a high amplitude value, the second section is a short ZC sequence or an M sequence, and the third section is an idle protection time period. The sine wave sequence with the high amplitude value is used for completing overflow indication detection of an air interface signal and coarse adjustment of automatic gain control, and corresponds to an analog intermediate frequency signal input system which passes through a controlled amplifier, an analog-to-digital conversion module and a digital down-conversion module; the short ZC sequence or the M sequence is used for completing useful data positioning and air interface signal power estimation, the corresponding system automatic gain control module traverses a lookup table according to the air interface signal power to perform fine adjustment of automatic gain control, and the power estimation is quite accurate because the first section of sine wave ensures that the signal is free of distortion; the third section is an idle protection time period corresponding to effective data to be transmitted actually, and aims to ensure the stable transition of the threshold value during the second stage signal detection and avoid the false action caused by the impact of the large and big threshold value on the detection of the automatic gain control. The ZC sequence is proposed by Zadoff and Chu, is one of CAZAC sequences, and is a constant amplitude, zero auto-correlation sequence.
The automatic gain control module comprises a power extraction module, a lookup table module and a control word generation module, wherein the power extraction module is used for acquiring the power of the digital baseband signal, and the lookup table module is used for searching the corresponding attenuator control word according to the power of the digital baseband signal; the control word generation module is used for generating a final control word of the controlled amplifier.
The power extraction module comprises a quadrature detection module and a precise power extraction module, wherein the quadrature detection module is used for generating a quadrature indication signal when a decision function of the digital baseband signal cross-correlation function exceeds a set threshold value. Decision function of digital baseband signal cross-correlation function:
wherein, Ps(d) As a function of cross-correlation, Rs(d) Is a correlation window function and is used for carrying out normalization processing on the cross-correlation function.
r (N) represents the nth sample of the received digital baseband signal, N represents the short ZC sequence length, and d represents the time index corresponding to the first sample in the sample window of length N. When the received sampling sequence r (n) is completely overlapped with the s (n) sequence stored locally, Ms(d) The maximum value is taken. However, in the actual sampling process, it is difficult to achieve complete coincidence between the sampling sequence r (n) and the s (n) sequence stored locally, and it is difficult to determine in real time when the coincidence degree between the r (n) sequence and the s (n) sequence is the highest, and M iss(d) Obtain the maximum value, so by setting a reasonable threshold, when deciding function Ms(d) When the value exceeds the threshold value, the orthogonal detection module generates an orthogonal indication signal and sends the orthogonal indication signal to the accurate power extraction module. Due to the decision function Ms(d) The secondary peak of the maximum value may also exceed the threshold value, so the quadrature indicator signal at this time is not completely accurate. The accurate power extraction module is used for searching and comparing a decision function M of a digital baseband signal cross-correlation function corresponding to the orthogonal indication signal in a preset detection window according to the orthogonal indication signal generated by the orthogonal detection modules(d) And a decision function Ms(d) The maximum value of the digital baseband signal is used as the power value of the digital baseband signal, and the accurate power extraction of the digital baseband signal is completed. Illustratively, the length of the preset detection window is one third of the length value of the sampling sequence r (n), and the starting position of the preset detection window corresponds to the position where the orthogonal indication signal starts to occur.
The lookup table module generates the current control word of the controlled amplifier by looking up the control word corresponding to the interval where the power value of the digital baseband signal is located. The interval of 00000000H to FFFFFFH is divided into different subintervals, and each subinterval corresponds to different digital baseband signal power values and different controlled amplifier control words. The lookup table module judges which subinterval the power value of the digital baseband signal falls into, searches the control word corresponding to the subinterval, and takes the searched control word as the current control word of the controlled amplifier. Illustratively, the interval 00000000H to FFFFFFFFH is divided into 00000000H to 87a56D H, 87a56E H to F628BC H, F BD H to 1DE 6122H, …, EB9822A H to 1798a64A H, 1798a64B H to 5E3F83A0H, 5E3F83a 1H to 9745E 1H, 9745E1ED H to FFFFFFFF H and virtual intervals, 12 sub-intervals correspond to different digital baseband signal power values and different controlled amplifier control words, the sub-interval 4(EB 98A H to 1798a64A H) is set as an optimal power interval, when the input digital baseband signal power value falls into the sub-interval 4, the digital baseband signal power value is judged to meet the system requirements, no amplification or attenuation adjustment is required on a control word at the previous moment, the sub-interval 4 corresponds to a searched control word, that is 0, that is generated by the amplifier control word generation module at the current moment, and the controlled amplifier control word generation module at the current moment, the final control word of the controlled amplifier is identical to the control word of the previous moment when the digital baseband signal power value falls within sub-interval 4. The optimal power of the digital baseband signal is set to be an interval, a certain buffer space is provided for jitter or interference, and frequent actions of automatic gain control caused by jitter or interference can be effectively prevented. Different optimal power intervals can be designed according to different automatic gain control.
Optimally, the control word generating module generates the final control word of the controlled amplifier by using the sum of the current control word and the previous time control word, wherein the current control word is the attenuator control word searched by the lookup table module according to the digital baseband signal power value, and the previous time control word is the final control word acting on the controlled amplifier when the system carries out automatic gain control last time. The sum of the current control word and the control word at the previous moment is used for generating the final control word of the controlled amplifier, so that the analog-digital conversion module is ensured to work at the optimal level value all the time, the adverse effect caused by quantization error can be effectively reduced, the problems of false operation to an interference signal and slow response to burst service, which are easily caused in the automatic gain control process, can be effectively solved, the automatic gain control method can be flexibly applied to the self-networking and point-to-multipoint network networking topology, and has excellent performance through actual inspection.
Optimally, when the amplitude of the analog intermediate frequency signal input into the analog-to-digital conversion module exceeds the adjustable amplitude range, the analog-to-digital conversion module generates an overflow indicating signal and transmits the overflow indicating signal to the lookup table module. After receiving the effective overflow indication signal, the lookup table module judges that the power value of the digital baseband signal falls into a special interval, searches for a large-span downward adjustment control word corresponding to the special interval, and generates a final control word by the control word generation module for adjusting the gain of the controlled amplifier, so that the large-span downward adjustment of the digital baseband signal is realized, the analog-to-digital conversion module is ensured to rapidly get out of a saturation state at the first time, and power extraction is not needed in the process.
The different aspects, embodiments, implementations or features of the invention can be used alone or in any combination.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (7)
1. A high-precision rapid automatic gain control system suitable for short-time burst transmission is characterized by comprising a controlled amplifier, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital down-conversion module and an automatic gain control module, wherein the controlled amplifier is used for carrying out gain scaling processing on an analog intermediate-frequency signal input into a system; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the analog intermediate frequency signal subjected to gain scaling into a digital intermediate frequency signal; the digital down-conversion module is used for converting the digital intermediate frequency signal into a digital baseband signal; the automatic gain control module is used for controlling the gain of the controlled amplifier according to the power of the digital baseband signal;
the automatic gain control module comprises a power extraction module, a lookup table module and a control word generation module, wherein the power extraction module is used for obtaining the power of the digital baseband signal, and the lookup table module is used for searching the current control word of the controlled amplifier according to the power of the digital baseband signal; the control word generating module is used for generating a final control word of the controlled amplifier;
the power extraction module comprises an orthogonal detection module and a precise power extraction module, and the orthogonal detection module is used for generating an orthogonal indication signal when a decision function of a digital baseband signal cross-correlation function exceeds a threshold value; the accurate power extraction module is used for searching a decision function of a digital baseband signal cross-correlation function corresponding to the orthogonal indication signal in a preset detection window according to the orthogonal indication signal generated by the orthogonal detection module, and taking the maximum value of the decision function of the digital baseband signal cross-correlation function as the power value of the digital baseband signal.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the analog if signal input to the system has a three-stage time frame structure, the first stage being a high amplitude value sine wave sequence, the second stage being a short ZC sequence, and the third stage being an idle guard period.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the decision function of the digital baseband signal cross-correlation function is:
wherein, Ps(d) As a function of cross-correlation, Rs(d) In order to be a function of the correlation window,
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the look-up table module generates the current control word of the controlled amplifier by looking up the control word corresponding to the interval in which the digital baseband signal power value is located.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the control word generation module generates the final control word for the controlled amplifier using a sum of the current control word and a previous time control word.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion module generates an overflow indication signal when the amplitude of the analog intermediate frequency signal input to the analog-to-digital conversion module is out of a range of convertible amplitudes thereof, and passes the overflow indication signal to the look-up table module.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the look-up table module, after receiving the valid overflow indication signal, determines that the power value of the digital baseband signal falls into a special interval and searches for a large-span down-regulation control word corresponding to the special interval.
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