CN108471138B - Multipath maximum power point tracking method - Google Patents
Multipath maximum power point tracking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108471138B CN108471138B CN201810368447.2A CN201810368447A CN108471138B CN 108471138 B CN108471138 B CN 108471138B CN 201810368447 A CN201810368447 A CN 201810368447A CN 108471138 B CN108471138 B CN 108471138B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- H02J3/385—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for tracking the maximum power point of a multi-path photovoltaic system, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining the type of the MPPT realization circuit, and selecting a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm according to the type of the MPPT realization circuit; (2) determining a bus voltage given value Vref according to a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm; (3) comparing the given value Urefi of the input voltage of each path of photovoltaic PV with the given value Vref of the bus voltage to determine the switching state of the MPPT realization circuit of the path; (4) and controlling the PWM duty ratio of each MPPT realization circuit to realize the MPPT. The method reduces the bus voltage to the maximum extent through an arbitration algorithm mechanism with simple logic, can improve the working efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system, improves the system stability and reduces the system cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power electronic application, can be applied to the field of photovoltaic power generation systems, and relates to a photovoltaic multi-path MPPT tracking method.
Background
At present, the power of a photovoltaic power generation system is increased more and more, and meanwhile, due to the inconsistency of photovoltaic panels, a photovoltaic panel power unit is divided into a plurality of panel units, so that the efficiency of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is facilitated, and the generated energy is improved. The current maximum power point tracking only relates to 2-path MPPT and maximum 3-path MPPT generally. This is mainly due to the complexity of the multi-way MPPT algorithm and the difficulty in implementation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a maximum power point tracking method of a multi-path photovoltaic system.
A method for tracking maximum power point of a multi-path photovoltaic system comprises the following steps: (1) determining the type of the MPPT realization circuit, and selecting a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm according to the type of the MPPT realization circuit; (2) determining a bus voltage given value Vref according to a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm; (3) comparing the given value Urefi of the input voltage of each path of photovoltaic PV with the given value Vref of the bus voltage to determine the switching state of the MPPT realization circuit of the path; (4) and controlling the PWM duty ratio of each MPPT realization circuit to realize the MPPT.
When the MPPT realizing circuit in the step (1) is a Boost circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in the step (2) is as follows: the method comprises the steps that the maximum value of each path of PV input voltage given value Uref1, Uref2 and … UrefN is selected to be compared with a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp, the maximum value of the two is taken to serve as a bus voltage given value Vreftem, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: when Urefi < Vref (1 = < i < = N), the ith route Boost circuit enters a PWM mode, and when Urefi = Vref, the ith route Boost is in a closed state.
When the MPPT implementing circuit in the step (1) is a Buck circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in the step (2) is as follows: selecting the minimum value of each path of PV input voltage given values Uref1, Uref2 and … UrefN to be compared with a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp, and taking the minimum value of the two values as a bus voltage given value Vreftemp, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: the i-th Buck circuit enters a PWM mode through Urefi > Vref (1 = < i < = N), and when Urefi = Vref, the i-th Buck is in an off state.
When the MPPT realization unit circuit in the step (1) is a Buckboost circuit of a buck-boost circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in the step (2) is as follows: selecting a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp as a bus voltage given Vref, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: the i-th BuckBoost circuit enters a BuckPWM mode from Urefi > Vref (1 = < i < = N), and is in a closed state when Urefi = Vref, and is in a BoostPWM state when Urefi < Vref.
The scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the multi-path maximum power tracking system determines a bus voltage given value Vref through an arbitration algorithm mechanism, and the lowest loss is achieved through the most appropriate bus voltage (the loss is in a certain direct proportion to the voltage level); after the bus voltage given value Vref is determined, comparing each path of photovoltaic input voltage given Urefi (1 = < i < = N) with the Vref to determine the switching state of each path of MPPT realization circuit; the switching state of each path of MPPT realization circuit is determined, and the given Urefi of the photovoltaic input voltage of each path of MPPT realization unit circuit can realize the PWM duty ratio of the unit through digital control output, so that the effect of tracking each path of maximum power is realized. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of a multi-path photovoltaic system can be stably carried out on a system with access of more than 3 paths of photovoltaic panels, comprehensive arrangement is carried out on the realization circuits of the multi-path photovoltaic system, different bus voltage given arbitration mechanisms are adopted under the condition of three different MPPT realization circuits, the switching states of various MPPT realization unit circuits are determined, the logic is clear, and the realization is easy. The method reduces the bus voltage to the maximum extent through an arbitration algorithm mechanism with simple logic, can improve the working efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system, improves the system stability and reduces the system cost. The implementation data show that the 5KW inverter efficiency of a photovoltaic power generation system can be increased by 0.2% with a 10V drop in bus voltage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a maximum power point tracking method of a multi-path photovoltaic system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the MPPT implementation circuit as a Boost circuit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the MPPT implementation circuit as a Buck circuit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an MPPT implementation circuit as a buck boost buck circuit.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the appended drawings so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can implement it.
A method for maximum power point tracking of a multi-path photovoltaic system, a flow chart of which is shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the following steps: (1) determining the type of the MPPT realization circuit, and selecting a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm according to the type of the MPPT realization circuit; (2) determining a bus voltage given value Vref according to a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm; (3) comparing the given value Urefi of the input voltage of each path of photovoltaic PV with the given value Vref of the bus voltage to determine the switching state of the MPPT realization circuit of the path; (4) and controlling the PWM duty ratio of each MPPT realization circuit to realize the MPPT.
As shown in fig. 2, when the MPPT implementing circuit in step (1) is a Boost circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in step (2) is: the method comprises the steps that the maximum value of each path of PV input voltage given value Uref1, Uref2 and … UrefN is selected to be compared with a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp, the maximum value of the two is taken to serve as a bus voltage given value Vreftem, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: when Urefi < Vref (1 = < i < = N), the ith route Boost circuit enters a PWM mode, and when Urefi = Vref, the ith route Boost is in a closed state.
As shown in fig. 3, when the MPPT implementing circuit in step (1) is a Buck circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in step (2) is as follows: selecting the minimum value of each path of PV input voltage given values Uref1, Uref2 and … UrefN to be compared with a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp, and taking the minimum value of the two values as a bus voltage given value Vreftemp, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: the i-th Buck circuit enters a PWM mode through Urefi > Vref (1 = < i < = N), and when Urefi = Vref, the i-th Buck is in an off state.
As shown in fig. 4, when the MPPT implementing unit circuit in step (1) is a buck-boost buck boost circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in step (2) is as follows: selecting a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp as a bus voltage given Vref, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: the i-th BuckBoost circuit enters a BuckPWM mode from Urefi > Vref (1 = < i < = N), and is in a closed state when Urefi = Vref, and is in a BoostPWM state when Urefi < Vref.
Claims (3)
1. A multi-path maximum power point tracking method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) determining the type of the MPPT realization circuit, and selecting a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm according to the type of the MPPT realization circuit; (2) determining a bus voltage given value Vref according to a bus voltage given arbitration algorithm; (3) comparing the given value Urefi of the input voltage of each path of photovoltaic PV with the given value Vref of the bus voltage to determine the switching state of the MPPT realization circuit of the path; (4) controlling the PWM duty ratio of each path of MPPT realization circuit to realize MPPT; the method is characterized in that: the MPPT realizing circuit in the step (1) is a Boost circuit, and the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in the step (2) is as follows: the method comprises the steps that the maximum value of each path of PV input voltage given value Uref1, Uref2 and … UrefN is selected to be compared with a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp, the maximum value of the two is taken to serve as a bus voltage given value Vreftem, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: when Urefi < Vref (1 = < i < = N), the ith route Boost circuit enters a PWM mode, and when Urefi = Vref, the ith route Boost is in a closed state.
2. The method of multi-path maximum power point tracking according to claim 1, wherein: when the MPPT realization circuit in the step (1) is a Buck Buck circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in the step (2) is as follows: selecting the minimum value of each path of PV input voltage given values Uref1, Uref2 and … UrefN to be compared with a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp, and taking the minimum value of the two values as a bus voltage given value Vreftemp, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: the i-th Buck circuit enters a PWM mode through Urefi > Vref (1 = < i < = N), and when Urefi = Vref, the i-th Buck is in an off state.
3. The multi-path maximum power point tracking method according to claim 1, wherein when the MPPT implementing unit circuit in the step (1) is a buck-boost circuit, the bus voltage arbitration algorithm in the step (2) is as follows: selecting a bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp as a bus voltage given Vref, wherein the bus voltage temporary given value Vreftemp = Vmax + Vlimit, Vmax is a mains voltage peak value, and Vlimit is a given safety amplitude limit; the method for determining each path of MPPT to realize the circuit switching state in the step (3) comprises the following steps: the i-th BuckBoost circuit enters a BuckPWM mode from Urefi > Vref (1 = < i < = N), and is in a closed state when Urefi = Vref, and is in a BoostPWM state when Urefi < Vref.
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Denomination of invention: A multi-channel maximum power point tracking method Effective date of registration: 20221101 Granted publication date: 20191227 Pledgee: Shenzhen small and medium sized small loan Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: SHENZHEN LUX POWER TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022440020223 |