CN108470600A - 一种矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆 - Google Patents
一种矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,包括缆芯,所述的缆芯由多根绝缘线芯绞合而成;在缆芯的空隙处填充碳纤维丝,在缆芯外设有三合一氟金云母包带,在三合一氟金云母包带外设有挤包耐火膨胀层,在耐火膨胀层外设有非磁性金属带,在非磁性金属带的外表面涂覆耐火涂料层后再设有电缆复合管。本发明具有高耐腐蚀、高隔热、高强度性能、高阻燃性能等特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电线电缆领域,具体涉及一种矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆。
背景技术
火灾是指在时间和空间上失去控制的燃烧所造成的灾害。在各种灾害中,火灾是最经常、最普遍地威胁公众安全和社会发展的主要灾害之一。
为了从无情的火场中挽救更多的生命、财产和信息,防火电缆的应用成为重中之重,而目前市场上的防火电缆按结构特性可以分为刚性和柔性两种。由于刚性矿物绝缘电缆刚性矿物绝缘电缆(Mineral Insulated Cable)简称MI电缆在可靠性、生产及敷设方面的缺陷,在欧美发达国家中逐渐退市,柔性矿物绝缘防火电缆成为防火领域的主流电缆产品。一般电缆金属套采用铜套,工艺较为复杂,效率低,且成本较高,隔离层经常采用受热温度较低的材质,无法形成隔离,使得绝缘材质受热被破会,经常导致电缆短路等现象。
另外,随着通讯电缆和电力电缆的飞速发展,电缆在我们的日常生活中的应用更加广泛,作用也愈加重要,而对于电缆的保护要求也越来越高,必须要求电缆管具有一定的强度和抗压能力,而且还必须具有防渗能力,现有技术中的电缆管主要是由纤维水泥管制作而成,但这种电缆管重量较重,柔性差,非常不方便使用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的不足,提供一种具有高耐腐蚀、高隔热、高强度性能、高阻燃的矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,包括缆芯,所述的缆芯由多根绝缘线芯绞合而成;在缆芯的空隙处填充碳纤维丝,在缆芯外设有三合一氟金云母包带,在三合一氟金云母包带外设有挤包耐火膨胀层,在耐火膨胀层外设有非磁性金属带,在非磁性金属带的外表面涂覆耐火涂料层后再设有电缆复合管。
优选地,所述的绝缘线芯由铝合金导体、挤包在铝合金导体外的矿物绝缘层、重叠绕包在矿物绝缘层外的双面合成云母带以及挤包在双面合成云母带外的阻燃带构成。
优选地,所述的矿物绝缘层为纳米环保防火矿物绝缘料制成。
优选地,所述的三合一氟金云母包带由人工云母附加在两层玻璃纤维布中间制成。
优选地,所述的电缆复合管,包括纤维水泥管,所述纤维水泥管的外壁上设有玻璃布层和树脂层,所述玻璃布层位于所述纤维水泥管和树脂层之间;所述纤维水泥管的管壁内设有若干沿周向均匀布置的加强钢筋;所述纤维水泥管的管壁内设有若干沿轴向均匀布置的连接箍,所述连接箍将所述加强钢筋连接为一体。
优选地,所述的阻燃带以无纺布或编织布层为中间基础层,所述无纺布或编织布层的上表面上附结着第一XPE气泡层,在所述第一XPE气泡层的上表面上附结着第一铝膜层;在所述无纺布或编织布材料层的下表面上附结着第二XPE气泡层,在所述第二XPE气泡层的下表面上附结着第二铝膜层。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
1、设有矿物绝缘层,采用纳米环保防火矿物绝缘料构成,在额定电压下能超负荷2.5倍且照常起到绝缘作用;长期工作温度范围是:-40摄氏度到1200摄氏度,照常绝缘;在800—1200摄氏度明火的烧蚀下,1.5小时内不短路,不引发电火,更不会助燃;在明火烧蚀过程中,不仅难燃无焰,而且不再放出窒息有毒气体,具有低烟、无毒、无卤、阻燃的特性;在承受机械外力时,抗电磁干扰;成本低、性能指标好;适合用于各种电线电缆的绝缘层;再通过设有膨胀耐火层,在火焰侵袭下膨胀层发泡固化,形成厚厚的屏障阻隔了火焰对铝管的直接喷射,不但铝管的完整性得以保存,而且使玻璃纤维带受热温度提高至1100℃以下,使玻璃纤维带绝缘的稳定性得到提高,使得电缆强度高、低密度、耐高温绝缘性好、隔热效果好;
2、由于在纤维水泥管的外壁上设置了玻璃布层和树脂层,而且玻璃布层位于纤维水泥管和树脂层之间,使这种复合电缆管不仅具备了纤维水泥管使用寿命长的特点,还同时具备了质量轻、柔性好、抗弯折强度高的特点,其综合性能得到了大大的提高,更加方便使用;
3、由于在纤维水泥管的管壁内设置了若干周向均匀布置的加强钢筋,能够有效地增纤维水泥管的机械强度,使其抗压能力得到了提高;
4、由于在纤维水泥管的管壁内设置了若干轴向均匀布置的连接箍,而且这些连接箍将加强钢筋连接为一体,这样就相当于将所有的加强钢筋连接为一个整体,并将这个整体放置在纤维水泥管内充当一个支撑框架,使该复合电缆管的机械强度和抗压能力得到了更进一步的提高;
5、采用绕包三合一氟金云母包带加挤包交联聚乙烯绝缘料的复合双层绝缘结构,使电缆具有良好的防火性能又保证电缆绝佳的电气性能;三合一氟金云母带是用氟离子代替羟基,得到尺寸和晶型更佳的人工云母为主原料,附加在两层玻璃布中间。使得该云母带具有膨胀系数小、介电强度大、电阻率高和介电常数均匀优异的电性能外,尤其是耐热等级高,可达到A 级耐火水平(950 ~ 1000℃);
6、阻燃层充分利用了铝膜高反射、编织布层或无纺布层高强度、韧性好以及XPE 气泡层高保温等特点,特别是添加阻燃剂使隔热材料在具有高耐腐蚀、高隔热、高强度性能的同时也具有高阻燃性能,使得电缆具有高耐腐蚀、高隔热、高强度性能的同时也具有高阻燃性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图2为电缆复合管的结构示意图;
图3为阻燃带的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明,应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围,在阅读了本发明之后,本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
如图1所示,本发明提供一种矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,包括缆芯,所述的缆芯由多根绝缘线芯绞合而成;所述的绝缘线芯由铝合金导体1、挤包在铝合金导体外的矿物绝缘层2、重叠绕包在矿物绝缘层外的双面合成云母带3以及挤包在双面合成云母带外的阻燃带4构成;在缆芯的空隙处填充碳纤维丝5,在缆芯外设有三合一氟金云母包带6,在三合一氟金云母包带外设有挤包耐火膨胀层7,在耐火膨胀层外设有非磁性金属带8,在非磁性金属带的外表面涂覆耐火涂料层9后再设有电缆复合管10。
如图2所示,所述的电缆复合管,包括纤维水泥管11,所述纤维水泥管的外壁上设有玻璃布层12和树脂层13,所述玻璃布层位于所述纤维水泥管和树脂层之间;所述纤维水泥管的管壁内设有若干沿周向均匀布置的加强钢筋14;所述纤维水泥管的管壁内设有若干沿轴向均匀布置的连接箍15,连接箍为圆环形,所述连接箍将所述加强钢筋连接为一体。
如图3所示,所述的阻燃带以无纺布或编织布层为中间基础层16,所述无纺布或编织布层的上表面上附结着第一XPE气泡层17,在所述第一XPE气泡层的上表面上附结着第一铝膜层18;在所述无纺布或编织布材料层的下表面上附结着第二XPE气泡层19,在所述第二XPE气泡层的下表面上附结着第二铝膜层20;所述编织布或无纺布层、各XPE 气泡层、各铝膜层之间通过聚氨酯类联结剂连接,所述聚氨酯类联结剂的厚度为10微米。
所述的矿物绝缘层为纳米环保防火矿物绝缘料制成,在额定电压下能超负荷2.5倍且照常起到绝缘作用;长期工作温度范围是:-40摄氏度到1200摄氏度,照常绝缘;在800—1200摄氏度明火的烧蚀下,1.5小时内不短路,不引发电火,更不会助燃;在明火烧蚀过程中,不仅难燃无焰,而且不再放出窒息有毒气体,具有低烟、无毒、无卤、阻燃的特性;在承受机械外力时,抗电磁干扰;成本低、性能指标好;适合用于各种电线电缆的绝缘层;再通过设有膨胀耐火层,在火焰侵袭下膨胀层发泡固化,形成厚厚的屏障阻隔了火焰对铝管的直接喷射,不但铝管的完整性得以保存,而且使玻璃纤维带受热温度提高至1100℃以下,使玻璃纤维带绝缘的稳定性得到提高,使得电缆强度高、低密度、耐高温绝缘性好、隔热效果好;
所述的三合一氟金云母包带由人工云母附加在两层玻璃纤维布中间制成,使电缆具有良好的防火性能又保证电缆绝佳的电气性能。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干变型和改进,这些也应视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,其特征在于:包括缆芯,所述的缆芯由多根绝缘线芯绞合而成;在缆芯的空隙处填充碳纤维丝,在缆芯外设有三合一氟金云母包带,在三合一氟金云母包带外设有挤包耐火膨胀层,在耐火膨胀层外设有非磁性金属带,在非磁性金属带的外表面涂覆耐火涂料层后再设有电缆复合管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,其特征在于:所述的绝缘线芯由铝合金导体、挤包在铝合金导体外的矿物绝缘层、重叠绕包在矿物绝缘层外的双面合成云母带以及挤包在双面合成云母带外的阻燃带构成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,其特征在于:所述的矿物绝缘层为纳米环保防火矿物绝缘料制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,其特征在于:所述的三合一氟金云母包带由人工云母附加在两层玻璃纤维布中间制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,其特征在于:所述的电缆复合管,包括纤维水泥管,所述纤维水泥管的外壁上设有玻璃布层和树脂层,所述玻璃布层位于所述纤维水泥管和树脂层之间;所述纤维水泥管的管壁内设有若干沿周向均匀布置的加强钢筋;所述纤维水泥管的管壁内设有若干沿轴向均匀布置的连接箍,所述连接箍将所述加强钢筋连接为一体。
6.根据权利要求2所述的矿物绝缘无护套柔性阻燃电缆,其特征在于:所述的阻燃带以无纺布或编织布层为中间基础层,所述无纺布或编织布层的上表面上附结着第一XPE气泡层,在所述第一XPE气泡层的上表面上附结着第一铝膜层;在所述无纺布或编织布材料层的下表面上附结着第二XPE气泡层,在所述第二XPE气泡层的下表面上附结着第二铝膜层。
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