CN108468038A - A kind of plasma cladding composite material and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of plasma cladding composite material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108468038A CN108468038A CN201810203774.2A CN201810203774A CN108468038A CN 108468038 A CN108468038 A CN 108468038A CN 201810203774 A CN201810203774 A CN 201810203774A CN 108468038 A CN108468038 A CN 108468038A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1851—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material
- C23C18/1872—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1875—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
- C23C18/1879—Use of metal, e.g. activation, sensitisation with noble metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Al2(WO4)3The preparation method of composite material, includes the following steps：A) by Al2(WO4)3Particle activates；By the Al after activation2(WO4)3Dispergation；B) by step A) obtained Al2(WO4)3Particle carries out chemical nickel plating in nickel-plating liquid, obtains Al2(WO4)3Composite material.Present invention also provides a kind of Al2(WO4)3Composite material.Present invention also provides a kind of cladding material of plasma cladding, including the Al described in Binder Phase and said program2(WO4)3Composite material.Al provided by the present application2(WO4)3Composite material can also effectively avoid coating cracking while overlaying on raising coating abrasion performance for plasma melting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of material preparation more particularly to nickel plating Al2(WO4)3Preparation method, plasma cladding it is molten
Cover the preparation method of material and composite coating.
Background technology
Plasma cladding is to collect matter interaction in plasma fast melt, molten bath and be rapidly solidificated into type etc. to learn more
The new technology that section intersects, specifically a kind of quickly non-equilibrium metallurgical reaction process, i.e., heat in high-energy density beam-plasma
Under, matrix melts simultaneously with the alloy powder being added as needed, and forms the coating with metallurgical binding feature.Its molten bath body
Product is small, and medium temperature is high, and two sides temperature is low, and temperature gradient is big, grows up conducive to crystal grain, but stress is larger, is also easy to produce crackle；Molten bath
The fusing of middle metal is synchronous with solidification to be carried out, and temperature distribution is non-uniform, and form convection current has stirring action to molten bath；It is outstanding due to existing
Floating impurity and the second not molten phase, molten bath heterogeneous nucleation are notable.These features make the fine microstructures of deposition coating, Gu
Solubility is big, structure diversification, there is distortion of lattice phenomenon, and there are the features such as metastable phase.
Plasma melting coating technique can obtain the metal coating haveing excellent performance on cheap base material, and can significantly improve
The characteristics such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting of material, have greatly saved cost, thus the technology is obtained in field of surface engineering technique
Extensive research.
Nickel base powder is a kind of important plasma cladding material system, including two kinds of powder of Ni-B-Si and Ni-Cr-B-Si
Last type；Wherein, the hardness of coating is not high after common Ni-Cr-B-Si powder deposition, but with good toughness, anti-oxidant
Property and resistance to thermal shocks, there is certain wear-resisting and anti-corrosion capability at a certain temperature, it is easy to process, be widely used in hard
Spend parts of less demanding.In order to improve the hardness and wearability of coating, carbide, boride and silicide is generally added
Equal hard phases, but the serious problems such as crack initiation and coating shedding can be brought.
On the other hand, large air compressor is as a kind of great new and high technology for remanufacturing value, blade
Reparation is used for performance and generates vital influence, due to the unique design feature of blade, develops and difficulty of processing is very big.
It is formed currently, compressor blade mostly uses greatly FV520B material preparations, after being repaired using plasma cladding, since coating heat expansion is cold
The property of contracting easily leads to the peeling and failure of coating, the final performance for influencing compressor.
In order to eliminate the harmful effect that blade coatings expand with heat and contract with cold, negative thermal expansion material has gradually attracted the note of researcher
Meaning, such as Al2(WO4)3、Zr(WO4)2、Sc2(WO4)3And Mn3Above-mentioned material is applied to the plasma melting of blade by ZnN etc.
It is expected to improve the problem of blade expands with heat and contract with cold during covering.Wherein, Al2(WO4)3Thermodynamically stable temperature range is very wide and prepares
Process is simple, after high temperature high pressure process, does not have phase transformation, is a kind of negative expansion material of excellent high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant
Material, and since itself belongs to hard phase, the wear-resisting property of material can be greatlyd improve.But in blade plasma cladding mistake
Cheng Zhong, if merely by Al2(WO4)3It is added in Ni based powders, since the two architectural difference is larger, wetability and matching degree
It is bad so that in cladding process, Al2(WO4)3Powder being unevenly distributed in the coating, causes whole material system heat swollen
Swollen difference of coefficients is larger, more easily causes the formation of crackle or even the peeling of coating, compressor performance is caused to go wrong.
Invention content
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide a kind of Al2(WO4)3Composite material, the composite material are used for plasma
Cladding, the wearability that can improve matrix are also avoided that the problem of Cracking of coating.
In view of this, in view of this, this application provides a kind of Al2(WO4)3The preparation method of composite material, including it is following
Step：
A), by Al2(WO4)3Particle activates；By the Al after activation2(WO4)3Dispergation；
B), by step A) obtained Al2(WO4)3Particle carries out chemical nickel plating in nickel-plating liquid, obtains Al2(WO4)3It is compound
Material.
Preferably, the activating solution of the activation includes activating solution A and activating solution B, the activating solution A are that proportionate relationship is
(70~80) g：(180~250) ml：The stannous chloride of (5~10) g, the mixed liquor of concentrated hydrochloric acid and three hydrated stannic acid sodium, the work
Change liquid B is that proportionate relationship is (0.8~1.2) g：(80~120) ml：(180~250) g：Palladium bichloride, the dense salt of (2.0~3.0) g
The mixed liquor of acid, deionized water and stannous chloride, a concentration of the 37% of the concentrated hydrochloric acid；The Al2(WO4)3Particle is in the work
A concentration of 70~85g/L in the activating solution of change；The Al2(WO4)3The grain size of particle is 50~70 μm.
Preferably, the temperature of the activation is 40~60 DEG C, and the time is 1~2h；The dispergation is a concentration of 8%~10%
Aqueous hydrochloric acid solution in carry out, the temperature of the dispergation is 20~30 DEG C, and the time is 5~10min.
Preferably, the nickel-plating liquid includes nickel source, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, lactic acid, hydrazine hydrate and lye；The nickel source, second
The proportionate relationship of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), lactic acid, hydrazine hydrate and lye in the nickel-plating liquid is (25~35) g/L：(20~30) g/
L：(35~45) ml/L：(75~95) ml/L：(35~45) g/L；The temperature of the chemical nickel plating is 55~65 DEG C, and the time is
0.5~1.0h；.
This application provides a kind of Al2(WO4)3Composite material, by Al2(WO4)3Particle and it is coated on Al2(WO4)3Particle table
The coating in face forms, and the coating is nickel layer.
Preferably, the Al2(WO4)3Particle is 50~75 μm, and the thickness of the nickel layer is 3~6 μm.
Present invention also provides a kind of cladding material of plasma cladding, including the preparation described in Binder Phase and said program
Al described in prepared by method or said program2(WO4)3Composite material.
Preferably, the Al2(WO4)3Composite material is 1~3wt% of the cladding material.
Present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of composite coating, including：
By Al2(WO4)3Composite material is mixed with bonding, obtains alloy powder；The Al2(WO4)3Composite material is upper
State the Al described in prepared by the preparation method described in scheme or said program2(WO4)3Composite material；
The alloy powder is coated on matrix surface using plasma melting coating technique, obtains composite coating.
Preferably, the Binder Phase is Ni60, and described matrix is blade material FV520B.
This application provides a kind of Al2(WO4)3The preparation method of composite material, first by Al2(WO4)3Particle activates,
Again by Al2(WO4)3Dispergation finally carries out chemical nickel plating to get to Al2(WO4)3Composite material.Al prepared by the application2(WO4)3
Composite material has preferable mobility, wetability, is conducive to when plasma cladding that powder feeding is uniform, is finally formed with matrix alloy
Good metallurgical binding also effectively prevents the cracking of coating while improving coating abrasion performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is nickel plating Al prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 12(WO4)3The SEM photograph of composite material；
Fig. 2 is the SEM photograph of ni base alloy coating pattern prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the SEM photograph of ni base alloy coating wear morphology prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific implementation mode
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to embodiment, still
It should be appreciated that these descriptions are only the feature and advantage further illustrated the present invention, rather than to the claims in the present invention
Limitation.
The problem of being easy to crack under the conditions of cladding as cladding material for Ni bases composite powder in the prior art, this Shen
It please disclose a kind of Al2(WO4)3The preparation method of composite material, Al prepared by the application2(WO4)3Composite material is specially one kind
Nickel plating Al2(WO4)3, it is applied to plasma cladding, also can effectively avoid opening for coating while improving coating abrasion performance
Split problem.Specifically, Al of the present invention2(WO4)3The preparation method of composite material, includes the following steps：
A), by Al2(WO4)3Particle activates；By the Al after activation2(WO4)3Dispergation；
B), by step A) obtained Al2(WO4)3Particle carries out chemical nickel plating in nickel-plating liquid, obtains Al2(WO4)3It is compound
Material.
In above-mentioned preparation Al2(WO4)3During composite material, first by Al2(WO4)3Particle activates.The activation
Activating solution includes activating solution A and activating solution B, wherein the activating solution A is that proportionate relationship is (70~80) g：(180~250)
ml：The stannous chloride of (5~10) g, the mixed liquor of concentrated hydrochloric acid and three hydrated stannic acid sodium, the activating solution B is that proportionate relationship is
(0.8~1.2) g：(80~120) ml：(180~250) g：Palladium bichloride, concentrated hydrochloric acid, deionized water and the chlorination of (2.0~3.0) g
The mixed liquor of stannous, a concentration of the 37% of the concentrated hydrochloric acid；In a particular embodiment, the activating solution A is that proportionate relationship is
70g：200ml：The stannous chloride of 7g, the mixed liquor of concentrated hydrochloric acid and three hydrated stannic acid sodium, the activating solution B is that proportionate relationship is
1g：100ml：200ml：The palladium bichloride of 2.6g, the mixed liquor of concentrated hydrochloric acid, deionized water and stannous chloride.The Al2(WO4)3
A concentration of 70~85g/L of the grain in the activating solution of the activation, in certain specific embodiments, the Al2(WO4)3Particle exists
A concentration of 75~85g/L in the activating solution of the activation.During preparing activating solution A, need to make stannous chloride and
Three hydrated stannic acid sodium are completely dissolved, and activating solution to provide excessive tetravalent tin, prepare by room temperature；Preparing activating solution B's
In the process, concentrated hydrochloric acid and deionized water are warming up to 55~65 DEG C first, then wherein by palladium bichloride input, cooled down after stirring evenly
To room temperature, then puts into stannous chloride and stir 10min to get activating solution B.When preparing activating solution A and activating solution B, if not according to
The above method is prepared, then what is obtained is not colloid palladium, and activation effect is very poor, and can not be continuing with once decomposing.
During activation, palladium ion can be reduced by Bivalent Tin with palladium particle existing for colloidal form；In Al2(WO4)3Particle is dipped in
After activating solution, particle surface meeting adsorbing metal palladium particle and tetravalent tin initially form alkali formula tin compound, palladium particle is wrapped by it
It encloses.
Then the application carries out dispergation processing, to remove tin protective layer, to make palladium expose, finally become in next step
The catalytic core of chemical nickel plating.The solution that the dispergation processing uses is a concentration of 8%~10% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, the solution
The temperature of glue is 20~30 DEG C, and the time is 5~10min.Al after the activation2(WO4)3The solution glue that particle is handled in dispergation
In a concentration of 75~85g/L, in a particular embodiment, the Al after the activation2(WO4)3The solution glue that particle is handled in dispergation
In a concentration of 70g/L.
After dispergation, the application is preferably by the Al after dispergation2(WO4)3Particle is dried, the specific side of the drying
Formula is carried out according to mode well known to those skilled in the art, is not particularly limited to this application, and the temperature of the drying is
60~80 DEG C, the time be 12~for 24 hours.
The application finally carries out chemical nickel plating, and the nickel-plating liquid of the chemical nickel plating includes nickel source, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, breast
Acid, hydrazine hydrate and lye.In the nickel-plating liquid, the nickel source, the ratio of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, lactic acid, hydrazine hydrate and lye
Relationship is (25~35) g/L：(20~30) g/L：(35~45) ml/L：(75~95) ml/L：(35~45) g/L.In above-mentioned plating
Hydrazine hydrate is equivalent to reducing agent in nickel liquid, reacted with nickel ion generate nickel coating, hydrazine hydrate in acid condition, reproducibility compared with
It is weak, thus need to carry out under the conditions of alkalinity is stronger, lactic acid and sodium hydroxide solution are used to provide the alkaline ring for regulation and control
Border so that hydrazine hydrate keeps certain reproducibility, under strongly alkaline conditions, colourless transparent liquid can be obtained after reacting a period of time
And black precipitate, but pH, when between 11~12, nickel powder pattern is irregular, and pH can reunite at 14, in pH=13,
The nickel coated Al for the regular shape that is evenly distributed can be obtained2(WO4)3, as a result, the application by limit lye in nickel-plating liquid with
The proportionate relationship of other components is to realize nickel coated Al2(WO4)3Successful preparation.Ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) plays nickel ion
The effect being evenly distributed.The temperature of the nickel plating is 55~65 DEG C, and the time is 0.5~1h.
It is prepared for Al according to the method described above2(WO4)3Composite material, thus present invention also provides a kind of Al2(WO4)3It is compound
Material, by Al2(WO4)3Particle and it is coated on Al2(WO4)3The coating of particle surface forms, and the coating is nickel layer.Described
In composite material, Al2(WO4)3Particle is 50~75 μm, and the thickness of the nickel layer is 3~6 μm.
Al prepared by said program2(WO4)3The Al of composite material or said program2(WO4)3Composite material can be applied to
Ion cladding, thus present invention also provides a kind of cladding materials of plasma cladding, including described in Binder Phase and said program
Al2(WO4)3Composite material.
In cladding material, the Al2(WO4)3Composite material is 1~3wt% of the cladding material.The Binder Phase
For Ni60.
During plasma cladding, the Al2(WO4)3Composite material is with the Binder Phase collectively as plasma melting
The cladding material covered, due to Al2(WO4)3The negative expansion and coating and matrix for the high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant that particle itself has
Good fluidity, the wearability of coating can be improved and avoid the problem of Cracking of coating.
According to Al2(WO4)3Application of the composite material in plasma cladding, present invention also provides a kind of composite coatings
Preparation method is to realize the preparation of plasma cladding composite coating, specifically：
By Al2(WO4)3Composite material is mixed with bonding, obtains alloy powder；The Al2(WO4)3Composite material is upper
State the Al described in scheme2(WO4)3Composite material；
The alloy powder is coated on matrix surface using plasma melting coating technique, obtains composite coating.
In the present invention, Al is utilized2(WO4)3Composite material carries out plasma cladding, and the plasma cladding is this field
Mode known to technical staff is not particularly limited this application.During plasma cladding, cladding material is
Al2(WO4)3Composite material and Binder Phase.Described matrix is matrix well known to those skilled in the art, in a particular embodiment, institute
It is blade material FV520B to state matrix.
In the above preparation method, Ni60 is thermal expansivity material, Al2(WO4)3Composite material is negative expansion material,
When matrix is FV520B, Ni60 and Al2(WO4)3Composite material after evenly mixing, when the coefficient of thermal expansion of mixed-powder is close to 0
When, optimum proportioning is realized, even if temperature decrease when the high temperature and cladding under conditions of plasma heat source are completed, will not produce
Raw phenomenon of expanding with heat and contract with cold, thus avoids the problem of Cracking of coating.The thickness of the composite coating is 0.1~0.2mm.
When matrix is FV520B, FV520B materials have thermal expansivity, since matrix and prior art floating coat are hot
Can mismatch, easily lead to cracking and the peeling of coating, and Al2(WO4)3Composite material is a kind of negative thermal expansion material, by nickel
Base Al2(WO4)3Composite coating can be to avoid coating cracking and peeling as cladding layer.
For a further understanding of the present invention, with reference to embodiment to Al provided by the invention2(WO4)3The system of composite material
Preparation Method and its application are described in detail, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Nickel plating Al for plasma cladding2(WO4)3The preparation method of powder, is realized according to the following steps：
1) preparation of particle activating solution：According to the good A liquid of recipe configuration and B liquid in table 1 and table 2, A liquid is then poured into B
1L is diluted in liquid, then in 60 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of heat preservation 4h~6h；
1 activating solution A formula of liquid tables of data of table
| Stannous chloride | Concentrated hydrochloric acid (37%) | Three hydrated stannic acid sodium |
| 70g | 200ml | 7g |
2 activating solution B formula of liquid tables of data of table
| Palladium bichloride | Concentrated hydrochloric acid (37%) | Deionized water | Stannous chloride |
| 1g | 100ml | 200ml | 2.6g |
2)Al2(WO4)3Particle activates：By 50 μm~75 μm of Al of grain size2(WO4)3Particle, which is put into above-mentioned activating solution, to be impregnated
And it stirs；
3)Al2(WO4)3Particle dispergation：Particle after activation is put into solve in glue made of the aqueous solution of 10% hydrochloric acid and is soaked
It steeps and stirs；
4)Al2(WO4)3Particle drying：Particle after dispergation is put into drying box；
5)Al2(WO4)3Particle chemical nickel plating：Particle after drying is put into the plating solution of chemical nickel plating shown in table 3 and is protected
Temperature simultaneously stirs；
3 chemical nickel-plating liquid formulation data table of table
| Nickel acetate | EDTA | Lactic acid | Hydrazine hydrate | Sodium hydroxide |
| 50g/L | 25g/L | 40ml/L | 80ml/L | 40g/L |
6) nickel plating Al2(WO4)3Particle is washed：Particle after nickel plating is washed in ultrasonic washing instrument；
7) nickel plating Al2(WO4)3Particle drying：Particle after washing is put into drying box, pure nickel plating is thus obtained
Al2(WO4)3Particle.Fig. 1 is nickel plating Al manufactured in the present embodiment2(WO4)3The SEM photograph of particle, Fig. 1 a are photomacrograph, Fig. 1 b
For micrograph；As shown in Figure 1, coating is uniformly wrapped on Al2(WO4)3Particle surface.
With the nickel plating Al of above-mentioned preparation2(WO4)3The two is uniformly mixed as the second phase, Ni60 as Binder Phase by particle
After obtain mixed-powder, nickel plating Al in mixed-powder2(WO4)3The content of particle is 1~3wt%；Using above-mentioned mixed-powder as
Cladding material carries out plasma cladding on FV520B matrixes, obtains ni base alloy coating；Involved in plasma cladding process
Technical parameter is：Using purity be 99.99% argon gas as protective gas, for 100A, voltage 50V is sent the electric current used
Powder amount is 5~7g/min.
Obtained ni base alloy coating is tested for the property：Successively use 60,320,600,800,1000,1500,2000,
The silicon carbide paper polishing ni base alloy coating of the mesh numbers such as 2500 removes Burr removal with descale, makes matrix surface smooth,
Then it is cleaned successively with absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone, to reduce influence of the matrix surface defect to test；Fig. 2 is ni base alloy coating
The SEM photograph of pattern, Fig. 2 a are photomacrograph, and Fig. 2 b are micrograph；As shown in Figure 2, under scanning electron microscope, matrix and cladding
The difference of layer is apparent；The band of one brilliant white is located at cladding layer and matrix binding site, and ion beam makes base material fusing and and nickel
Based powders occur mutually molten so that change in the fusing point of binding site, cause the microscopic dimensions of solid liquid interface to change, shape
At melt be in semi-molten state, which is exactly the center of uneven forming core, and new crystal grain is accumulated herein, forms brilliant white
Band；From the point of view of macroscopically, coating fusion penetration is low, dilution ratio is low, appearance slag is less, illustrates that the deposition effect of coating is preferable.According to
EDS constituent analyses are it is found that mainly contain W and Al, thus judge it for the product after the decomposition of negative expansion material in white particulate substance.
Wear test is specially：Temperature：500 DEG C, loaded load：40N, frequency：15Hz, fraction time：20 minutes, friction
Form is that ring-block contacts dry wear mode；Fig. 3 is the wear morphology SEM photograph of ni base alloy coating, from the figure 3, it may be seen that this implementation
The friction weightlessness of coating prepared by example is less, has Al in preferable rub resistance abrasiveness composite coating2(WO4)3There is high hardness
And there is higher content in overlay so that the hardness of composite coating is greatly improved, to the dimpling on bull ring surface
Body cannot effectively be pressed into the effect that plastic deformation is generated in plasma melting application layer, and can only be by the form cutting or scratch
Selectivity wears relatively soft Ni60 so that forms the smaller gully of depth in wear surface；It encounters during the cutting process
When the obstruction of WC, cutting process cannot be smoothed out, and form Al2(WO4)3Protrusion, Al2(WO4)3Hinder the change of composite coating
Shape and loss, to improve the polishing machine of composite coating.In addition, the raising of coating hardness, increases coating plastic deformation
Drag, to make adhesive wear largely be eased.According further to experimental data it is found that being added in the present embodiment
Al2(WO4)3The friction weightlessness of the coating of composite material is less than un-added coating, and (under the same terms, being not added with friction weightlessness is
19.5g Al2(WO4)3The friction weightlessness of 3% additive amount of composite material is 13.5g), illustrate the application Al2(WO4)3Composite material
Addition the wearability of coating can be improved.By many experiments the result shows that：The apparent crackle of coating prepared by the application does not surpass
Cross 2.
The explanation of above example is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method and its core concept of the invention.It should be pointed out that pair
For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be carried out
Some improvements and modifications, these improvement and modification are also fallen within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest range caused.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Al2(WO4)3The preparation method of composite material, includes the following steps：
A), by Al2(WO4)3Particle activates；By the Al after activation2(WO4)3Dispergation；
B), by step A) obtained Al2(WO4)3Particle carries out chemical nickel plating in nickel-plating liquid, obtains Al2(WO4)3Composite material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the activating solution of the activation includes activating solution A and work
Change liquid B, the activating solution A are that proportionate relationship is (70~80) g：(180~250) ml：Stannous chloride, the concentrated hydrochloric acid of (5~10) g
With the mixed liquor of three hydrated stannic acid sodium, the activating solution B is that proportionate relationship is (0.8~1.2) g：(80~120) ml：(180~
250)g：The palladium bichloride of (2.0~3.0) g, the mixed liquor of concentrated hydrochloric acid, deionized water and stannous chloride, the concentration of the concentrated hydrochloric acid
It is 37%；The Al2(WO4)3A concentration of 70~85g/L of the particle in the activating solution of the activation；The Al2(WO4)3Particle
Grain size be 50~70 μm.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the temperature of the activation is 40~60 DEG C, the time
For 1~2h；The dispergation carries out in a concentration of 8%~10% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and the temperature of the dispergation is 20~30 DEG C,
Time is 5~10min.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the nickel-plating liquid includes nickel source, ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid, lactic acid, hydrazine hydrate and lye；The nickel source, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, lactic acid, hydrazine hydrate and lye are in the nickel-plating liquid
Proportionate relationship is (25~35) g/L：(20~30) g/L：(35~45) ml/L：(75~95) ml/L：(35~45) g/L；It is described
The temperature of chemical nickel plating is 55~65 DEG C, and the time is 0.5~1.0h；.
5. a kind of Al2(WO4)3Composite material, by Al2(WO4)3Particle and it is coated on Al2(WO4)3The coating of particle surface forms,
The coating is nickel layer.
6. Al according to claim 52(WO4)3Composite material, which is characterized in that the Al2(WO4)3Particle is 50~75
μm, the thickness of the nickel layer is 3~6 μm.
7. a kind of cladding material of plasma cladding, including Binder Phase and Claims 1 to 4 any one of them preparation method institute
Prepare or claim 5~6 any one of them Al2(WO4)3Composite material.
8. cladding material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the Al2(WO4)3Composite material is the cladding material
1~3wt% of material.
9. a kind of preparation method of composite coating, including：
By Al2(WO4)3Composite material is mixed with bonding, obtains alloy powder；The Al2(WO4)3Composite material is wanted for right
Seek prepared by 1~4 any one of them preparation method or claim 5~6 any one of them Al2(WO4)3Composite material；
The alloy powder is coated on matrix surface using plasma melting coating technique, obtains composite coating.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the Binder Phase is Ni60, and described matrix is blade
With material FV520B.
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