CN108467990A - Adapt to the wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy and its manufacture, heat treatment method of hard environment - Google Patents
Adapt to the wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy and its manufacture, heat treatment method of hard environment Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy adapting to hard environment, element mass percentage content is：C：0.27~0.33%, P：0~0.020%, Si：0.95~1.30%, S：0~0.015%, Mn：0.90~1.30%, Cr：1.10~1.50%, Mo：0.15~0.20%, Cu:0~0.15%, V：0.09~0.12%, Ni:0~0.10%, [O]:0~15 × 10‑4%, Al:0.015~0.050%, other is Fe and inevitable impurity.Pass through rational designing chemical composition, rational heat treating regime, high-strength abrasion-proof steel hardness obtained is more than 52HRC, tensile strength is more than 1600Mpa, yield strength is more than 1300Mpa, and elongation percentage is more than 13%, and ballistic work is more than 36J, it can be seen that abrasion-resistant stee of the present invention can realize the unification of high-strength and high ductility performance well, it is suitble to processing hard environment bucket tooth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to structural alloy steel technical field, more particularly to a kind of middle carbon and low-alloy adapting to hard environment is wear-resisting
High performance alloys structural steel and its manufacture, heat treatment method.
Background technology
Bucket tooth is engineering machinery excavator important component and attrition component, the huge market demand.According to use environment difference
It is divided into hard environment rock tooth (for iron ore, stone ore etc.), soft environment earthwork tooth (for mining clay, sandstone etc.), taper
Tooth (being used for coal mine) etc..Currently, domestic application is in soft environment earthwork tooth and the wear-resistant material of coal mining environment conical tooth
More, processing method has substantially met environmental requirement in use based on casting, and has higher fatigue life.Hard
Environment rock tooth needs to have higher wear-resisting, shock resistance, is wanted to the technology of material since its working environment is more severe
It is casting to ask higher, traditional processing mode, but since forging processing method has, degree of purity was high, quality is more stable in recent years
Feature, the trend of big substituted casting processing method.The requirement of hard environment technology is can adapt to for exploitation, is suitble to forging processing work
Skill, cost-effective wear-resistant material, steel industry are made that unremitting effort with bucket tooth manufacturing industry.
In hard environment, potassium steel is as traditional wear-resistant material, it is advantageous that intense impact load lower surface quilt
Center portion still has excellent impact flexibility while processing hardening, but since potassium steel yield strength is low, it is big etc. to deform tendency
Disadvantage causes the fatigue life in hard environment not high.
For limitation of the potassium steel in hard environment, medium carbon low alloy steel by adding a certain proportion of alloy,
The Proper Match with impact flexibility can be realized while significantly improving intensity, hardness, so that it is had and adapted to hard environment bucket tooth
Technology requirement.
The country proposes multinomial patent of invention, Publication No. with regard to Medium carbon low alloy wear-resistant steel and its manufacturing method at present
The Chinese patent application of CN102140612A discloses a kind of alloy cast steel bucket tooth, C:0.30~1.00；Cr:1.50~3.00；
Mn:0.60~1.00；Si:1.00~2.00；Mo:0.20~1.00；Ni:0.5~1.50；Ti:0.005~0.1；Re:0.15
~0.25；P/S:≤0.030；Surplus is Fe；Its performance of the multi-component alloy cast steel bucket tooth reaches:Tensile strength Rm >=1700Mpa,
Hardness HRC52~55, Charpy impact Akv >=15J.But the design alloy of material is relatively high, and cost is higher；Adapting to hard environment
Its impact flexibility is poor in terms of technology requirement, and bucket tooth easy brittle failure in hard environment, fatigue life is relatively low, cannot be satisfied hard ring
The requirement of border excavator bucket teeth high fatigue life and high economic benefit.
Invention content
The defect of carbon and low-alloy wear-resistant material in being used for bucket tooth in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of adaptation hard
Carbon and low-alloy wear-resistant material during the bucket tooth that Environmental Technology requires is used so that forging cutting teeth has while having high-strength, wear-resisting property
Standby high-ductility performance, fatigue life are significantly improved, and obtain good economic benefit.
To achieve the above object, abrasion-resistant stee provided by the present invention, ingredient percent content are：
Other is Fe and inevitable impurity.
As a kind of better choice of above-mentioned abrasion-resistant stee, the composition of the middle carbon and low-alloy wear-resistant bucket tooth steel presses quality percentage
It is than content：
Other is Fe and inevitable impurity.
It is further preferred as above-mentioned abrasion-resistant stee, the composition weight percent of the middle carbon and low-alloy wear-resistant bucket tooth steel
For：
C：0.31%, Si：1.07%, Mn：1.08%, Mo：0.18%, V：0.10%, P：0.010%, S：0.005%,
Cr：1.27%, Cu:0.12%, Ni:0.08%, Al:0.026%, [O]:11×10-4% is other for Fe and inevitably miscellaneous
Matter.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacturing method of carbon and low-alloy wear-resistant bucket tooth steel among the above and heat treatment method, packets
It includes：Smelting, casting, heating, controlled rolling, cooling and quenching, tempering, wherein described smelt is electric furnace or converter+LF+VD vacuum
Refining, described be cast into are cast into continuous casting billet, and the heating temperature is 1060~1220 DEG C.
As a kind of better choice of the above method, the heating temperature is 1090~1210 DEG C.
As a kind of better choice of the above method, the heating temperature is 1150~1200 DEG C, finishing temperature 850~
900 DEG C, rolling reduction is more than 8.
As a kind of better choice of the above method, 800~850 DEG C of the start temperature of the cooling, cooling velocity 2~4
DEG C/S, lower 550~600 DEG C of cold bed slow cooling temperature, temperature retention time was more than 24 hours.
The present invention still further provides carbon and low-alloy wear-resistant bucket tooth Heat-Treatment of Steel method, including hardening heat among the above
880~900 DEG C, 180~210 DEG C of temperature.
The present invention is further described below.
Carbon：Phosphorus content is to influence the important element of quenching degree in steel, and carbon content increases, and tensile strength increases, the hardness of steel
It increases, but plasticity and impact flexibility can reduce.Designing material is to obtain low-carbon martensite, is had while ensuring high intensity
Standby good impact flexibility, rational carbon mass percentage are 0.27%~0.33%.
Silicon：Silicon can significantly improve the intensity and hardness of ferrite and austenite in steel, significantly improve the yield tensile ratio of material, carry
The fatigue life of high material.However excessively high silicone content can cause the toughness of steel drastically to decline.Consider silicon to intensity and
The influence of impact flexibility, the mass percentage that silicon is added in the present invention are 0.95%~1.30%.
Manganese：Manganese can reduce critical cooling rate, significantly postpone austenite to perlitic transformation, improve hardenability of steel energy,
Solid solution can be formed with iron improves the intensity of steel, hardness without reducing impact flexibility.But manganese content is excessively high to lead to grain coarsening,
And Temper brittleness sensibility, the present invention is caused to consider effect of the manganese in abrasion-resistant stee, control manganese mass percentage is
0.90%~1.30%.
Molybdenum：Main function of the molybdenum in steel alloy is that have stronger carbide Forming ability, make the conjunction compared with low carbon content
Jin Gang also has higher hardness.And molybdenum can be such that C curve generation moves to right, and reduce degree of supercooling, prevent the crystal grain of austenitizing
It is coarse, improve quenching degree.The present invention controls molybdenum mass percentage 0.15%~0.20%, significantly postpones austenite to pearly-lustre
Body changes, and martensite is promoted to be formed.
Vanadium：Effect of the vanadium in steel is mainly present in carbon, nitride form on the matrix and crystal boundary of steel, plays a reinforcing
With inhibit growing up effect of crystal grain, and form the second phase Hard Inclusion in crystal, reduce Carbide Precipitation, under raising intense impact
The mass percentage of wear-resisting property, intensity and impact flexibility, vanadium of the present invention is controlled 0.09%~0.12%, significantly improves material
The wear-resisting property of material.
Copper：Copper can form ε-Cu in steel and be precipitated, and improve the intensity of steel, and can significantly improve the corrosion resisting property of steel, but
Excessive copper can cause material to generate copper brittleness phenomenon, and the mass percentage that the present invention controls copper is 0%~0.15%.
Chromium：Chromium can significantly improve the intensity of steel, through hardening performance and temper resistance, the quality percentage of chromium of the present invention
Content is controlled 1.10%~1.50%.
Nickel：On the one hand nickel one side fining ferrite grains improve the low-temperature impact toughness of steel so that designing material has
More extensive adaptive capacity to environment.The mass percentage of nickel element of the present invention is controlled 0%~0.10%.
Aluminium：The AlN prevention Austenite Grain Growths of aluminium and the nitrogen formation disperse in steel, crystal grain thinning, but due in deoxidation
The Al generated in the process2O3Belong to brittle inclusion, cannot such as remove can cause high risks, therefore this to the wear-resisting property of material
The mass percentage of invention control aluminium is 0.015%~0.50%.
P and s：P and s too high levels can cause the strength of materials, toughness to decline, and lead to wear resistance decrease, therefore palpus
Stringent control, phosphorus mass percentage of the present invention is no more than 0.020%, and sulphur mass percentage is no more than 0.015%.
Oxygen：Too high oxygen level can cause the mechanical performance of steel to reduce, and influence intensity, the impact toughness decreased of material, influence
The wear-resisting property of material, it is therefore necessary to control its content, the present invention controls the mass percentage of oxygen in 15ppm or less.
Compared with existing abrasion-resistant stee, the present invention has the following effects that：
By rational designing chemical composition, rational heat treating regime, high-strength abrasion-proof steel hardness obtained is more than
52HRC, tensile strength are more than 1600Mpa, and yield strength is more than 1300Mpa, and elongation percentage is more than 13%, and ballistic work is more than 36J, can
See that abrasion-resistant stee of the present invention can realize the unification of high-strength and high ductility performance well, is suitble to processing hard environment bucket tooth.This
The new material of the manufacturing method production of invention, is suitable for processing bucket tooth using forging technology.
Specific implementation mode
According to the chemical composition requirement of steel grade of the present invention, and in conjunction with the manufacturing process, to manufacture the wear-resisting of different size
Bucket tooth steel.Specific ingredient is as follows.
The chemical composition (wt%) of 1 various embodiments of the present invention of table
Table 1：Embodiment chemical composition (wt%, Fe surplus)
Embodiment 1
According to chemical composition shown in table 1, using electric furnace or converter smelting, and it is cast into continuous casting billet, continuous casting billet is existed
Heating furnace is heated to 1140 DEG C, starts 1040 DEG C of rolling temperature, 860 DEG C of finishing temperature, compression ratio 9.94, the cooling speed on cold bed
Spend 3 DEG C/S, lower 570 DEG C of cold bed slow cooling temperature, temperature retention time 25.6 hours.Heat treating regime：880 DEG C of hardening heat+tempering temperature
190 DEG C of degree.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment is heated to 1160 DEG C with embodiment 1, by continuous casting billet in heating furnace, starts 1050 DEG C of rolling temperature, eventually
Roll 865 DEG C of temperature, compression ratio 8.24, the 3.1 DEG C/S of cooling velocity on cold bed, lower 575 DEG C of cold bed slow cooling temperature, temperature retention time 26
Hour.Heat treating regime：190 DEG C of 885 DEG C+temperature of hardening heat.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment is heated to 1190 DEG C with embodiment 1, by continuous casting billet in heating furnace, starts 1060 DEG C of rolling temperature, eventually
Roll 870 DEG C of temperature, compression ratio 12.26, the 3.8 DEG C/S of cooling velocity on cold bed, lower 580 DEG C of cold bed slow cooling temperature, temperature retention time
25 hours.Heat treating regime：200 DEG C of 900 DEG C+temperature of hardening heat.
It is rolled using above-mentioned technique, and uses above-mentioned heat-treatment protocol, obtained results of property is as shown in table 2.
The mechanical property of 2 embodiment of the present invention of table
| Embodiment | Hardness (HBW) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation percentage (%) | V-type ballistic work (J) |
| 1 | 52.5 | 1650 | 1420 | 17.6 | 51.2 |
| 2 | 53.1 | 1680 | 1475 | 16.5 | 48.3 |
| 3 | 54.2 | 1720 | 1580 | 15.8 | 41.5 |
As can be seen from the above table, after heat treatment hardness has reached 52HRC, tension to hard environment wear-resistant bucket tooth steel of the present invention
Intensity is more than 1600Mpa, and yield strength is more than 1300Mpa, and elongation percentage is more than 13%, and ballistic work is more than 36J, realizes high-strength height
The unification of tough performance has adapted to the requirement of hard environment bucket tooth technology, and it is higher tired can to realize that bucket tooth has in hard environment
Labor service life and good economic benefit.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, to the technical side of the present invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Right in.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy adapting to hard environment, which is characterized in that described to adapt to firmly
The element mass percentage composition of the wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy of matter environment is：
C：0.27~0.33%, P：0~0.020%, Si：0.95~1.30%, S：0~0.015%, Mn：0.90~1.30%,
Cr：1.10~1.50%, Mo：0.15~0.20%, Cu:0~0.15%, V：0.09~0.12%, Ni:0~0.10%, [O]:
0~15 × 10-4%, Al:0.015~0.050%, other is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. adapting to the wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy of hard environment as described in claim 1, feature exists
In the element mass percentage content of the wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy for adapting to hard environment is：
C：0.30~0.32%, P：0~0.015%, Si：1.0~1.15%, S：0~0.010%, Mn：1.0~1.15%,
Cr：1.15~1.30%, Mo：0.17~0.20%, Cu:0~0.15%, V：0.09~0.11%, Ni:0~0.10%, [O]:
0~15 × 10-4%, Al:0.015~0.040%, other is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. adapting to the wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy of hard environment, feature as claimed in claim 1 or 2
It is, the element composition weight percent of the middle carbon and low-alloy wear-resistant bucket tooth steel is：
C：0.31%, Si：1.07%, Mn：1.08%, Mo：0.18%, V：0.10%, P：0.010%, S：0.005%, Cr：
1.27%, Cu:0.12%, Ni:0.08%, Al:0.026%, [O]:11×10-4%, other is Fe and inevitable impurity.
4. a kind of preparation side of any wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy for adapting to hard environment of claim 1-3
Method, including smelting, casting, heating, controlled rolling, cooling and quenching, tempering, it is characterised in that：
Described smelt is electric furnace or converter+LF+VD vacuum refinings, and described be cast into is cast into continuous casting billet, and the heating temperature is
1060~1220 DEG C.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Heating furnace heating temperature described in smelting process is 1090
~1210 DEG C.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Heating furnace heating temperature is 1150 in the heating process
~1200 DEG C, 850~900 DEG C of finishing temperature, rolling reduction is more than 8.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：800~850 DEG C of the start temperature of the cooling procedure,
2~4 DEG C/S of cooling velocity, lower 550~600 DEG C of cold bed slow cooling temperature, temperature retention time are more than 24 hours.
8. a kind of any wear-resisting high performance alloys structure Heat-Treatments of Steel of middle carbon and low-alloy for adapting to hard environment of claim 1-3
Method, which is characterized in that the method includes 880~900 DEG C of hardening heat, 180~210 DEG C of temperatures.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110343973A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-18 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of bucket tooth steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115386791A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-25 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Microalloyed high-strength weldable flat steel for torsion spring of composite stabilizer bar and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2024087788A1 (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2024-05-02 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for forged bucket teeth of excavator, and preparation method therefor |
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| WO2024087788A1 (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2024-05-02 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for forged bucket teeth of excavator, and preparation method therefor |
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