CN108463847B - 可变占空比的显示器扫描方法和系统 - Google Patents

可变占空比的显示器扫描方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN108463847B
CN108463847B CN201780006778.5A CN201780006778A CN108463847B CN 108463847 B CN108463847 B CN 108463847B CN 201780006778 A CN201780006778 A CN 201780006778A CN 108463847 B CN108463847 B CN 108463847B
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F·赫曼
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Abstract

将视频信息扫描到像素阵列的方法包括：在第一活动行间隔期间，将列信号线设置为初始电压，断言像素阵列的第一行信号线，将列线设置为期望电压，以及当列信号线处于期望电压时解除断言第一行信号线。方法进一步包括：在时间量之后发生的第二活动行间隔期间，将列信号线设置为初始电压，断言像素阵列的第一行信号线，以及在列信号线处于初始电压的同时解除断言第一行信号线。方法进一步包括：在第二活动行间隔期间，断言第二行信号线，以及在解除断言第一行信号线之后，保持断言第二行线达一段时间。

Description

可变占空比的显示器扫描方法和系统
相关申请
本申请要求2016年1月14日提交的美国临时申请No.62/278,658的权益，其全部教导通过引用并入本文。
背景技术
由于其在功率、体积、成本、以及性能中的众多优势，平板显示器现在已几乎完全取代了阴极射线管(CRT)。然而，CRT确实具有许多现代显示器缺乏的一个优势。在CRT设备中，当电子束扫描磷光体之后，磷光体自然地消退成黑色直到其被再一次激发。与之相反，很多平板显示器的像素从一帧到下一帧时保持其亮或者暗的状态。当眼睛跨图像扫描时，这种平板显示器的存留可以导致运动伪影(例如，拖尾)将被感知。
一些平板显示器通过黑色帧插入来缓解这种运动伪影，这需要将帧速率加倍并且将交替帧驱动为黑色。黑色帧插入需要到像素阵列的更高的视频带宽，与相关的更高功率以及复杂度。
液晶显示器(LCD)可以通过脉冲背光来采用类似的技术，使得像素被照射更短的时段。然而，由于显示器顶部附近的像素比底部附近的像素扫描得早，不均匀性问题可能产生，并且因此与背光时序具有不同的相位关系。
利用与像素阵列扫描同步的分段背光，进一步的缓解可以是可能的，但是这样增加了复杂度，并且在任何情况下对于由单个LED背光照射的某些应用(例如，微型显示器)是不现实的。其他显示器可以通过控制到像素阵列的一个或多个公共信号来实现全局消隐，诸如在LCD情况下的VCOM，或者在有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器中的阳极或者阴极电源。然而，与在前述段落中针对背光消隐描述的问题类似，这种技术可能存在不均匀性的问题。
在很多液晶显示器(LCD)配置中，特别是采用了常用的扭曲向列(TN)相的那些配置中，通过跨液晶(LC)单元施加的电压来调制像素的亮度。该电压影响LC材料将偏振光旋转的程度，这反过来控制多少光通过射出偏振器。换句话说，LCD是用作为光阀门的无源设备。将要显示的数据的管理以及控制通常由一个或多个电路执行，该一个或多个电路通常被称为显示驱动器电路或者简单地被称为驱动器。
通过将变化的模拟电压驱动到LCD像素，可以实现灰阶。模拟视频放大器经常被用在LCD驱动电路的视频信号路径中。如果视频信号源是数字的，则通常将会使用一个或多个数-模转换器(DAC)将数字视频信号转换成对应的模拟视频信号。
发明内容
所述实施例呈现了使用像素的活动间隔(active interval)的可变占空比来扫描平板显示器的方法，以达到与CRT结果相似的结果，并且从而降低运动伪影。
所述实施例的一个益处是，改变占空比在不损失动态范围的情况下提供了调整显示器亮度的便利方法。实施例不需要对视频带宽进行任何显著增加，并且其实施不需要像素阵列中的附加电路。
在一个方面，本发明是将像素阵列中的像素行重置为预定光学透射水平的方法，该方法包括：将像素阵列的列信号线设置为初始电压，在列线处于初始电压的同时断言像素阵列的行信号线，以及在列信号线从初始电压改变之前解除断言像素阵列的行信号线。
在实施例中，初始电压对应于像素阵列的每个像素的透明水平。透明水平可以是不透明，或者是在透明与不透明之间的水平。解除断言行信号线可以使得存储电容器保持初始电压。初始电容器可以与特定像素相关联，使得存储电容器两端的电压被施加到该像素。断言行信号线以及解除断言行信号线可以在行信号线上产生脉冲。脉冲可以足够长以使得存储电容器稳定在初始电压，并且可以足够短以排除列线的电压变化。断言行信号线可以使得列信号线被耦合到与像素阵列的像素相关联的存储电容器。
在另一方面，本发明是将视频信息扫描到像素阵列的方法，该方法包括：在第一活动行间隔期间，将列信号线设置为初始电压，断言像素阵列的第一行信号线，将列信号线设置为期望电压，以及当列信号线处于期望电压时解除断言第一行信号线。方法进一步包括：在从第一活动行间隔的时间量之后发生的第二活动行间隔期间，将列信号线设置为初始电压，断言像素阵列的第一行信号线，以及在列信号线处于初始电压的同时解除断言第一行信号线。
在另一方面，本发明是像素矩阵扫描系统，其包括：像素阵列，以及列驱动子系统和行驱动子系统。列驱动子系统和行驱动子系统被配置为：在第一活动行间隔期间，将列信号线设置为初始电压，断言像素阵列的第一行信号线，将列信号线设置为期望电压，以及当列信号线处于期望电压时解除断言第一行信号线。列驱动子系统和行驱动子系统进一步被配置为：在从第一活动行间隔的时间量之后发生的第二活动行间隔期间，将列信号线设置为初始电压，断言像素阵列的第一行信号线，以及在列信号线处于初始电压的同时解除断言第一行信号线。
附图说明
如附图所示，通过以下对本发明的示例实施例的更具体地描述，前述内容将是显而易见的，在附图中，相同的附图标注在不同的视图中指代相同部分。附图未必是按比例的，而是将重点放在说明本发明的实施例上。
图1A示出了根据本发明所描述的实施例的代表性LCD有源矩阵像素电路。
图1B示出了根据本发明所描述的实施例的代表性LCD有源矩阵像素电路。
图1C示出了根据本发明所描述的实施例构造的像素矩阵扫描系统的示例实施例。
图2示出了与图1A和图1B所示像素相关联的时序图。
图3示出了根据本发明所述实施例的时序图。
图4示出了根据本发明所述实施例的另一时序图。
图5示出了涉及到将视频信息扫描到像素阵列的示例过程。
具体实施方式
以下是对本发明的示例实施例的描述。
本文引用的全部专利、公开申请和参考文献的教导通过引用被整体并入。
在图1A和图1B中，分别示出了代表性LCD和OLED有源矩阵像素电路。在图1A中描述的示例中，信号电压存在于列线102(COLX)上，并且行线104(ROWY)控制能够将列电压写入存储电容器108的开关晶体管106。OLED示例利用开关晶体管110的互补对，开关晶体管110的互补对由一组互补行线112(ROWY/ROWBY)来控制。存储在电容器108上的电压控制液晶单元114(LCD)或者源极跟随器电路116(OLED)，并且从而调制从像素透射或发射的光。
在一些实施例中，与图1A(LCD)和图1B(OLED)的有源矩阵像素电路相关联的显示元件可以是由本受让人制造的以商品名“
Figure BDA0001730093390000041
WVGA LV”销售的宽视频图形阵列(WVGA)显示器。显示元件可以是滤色器、宽格式、具有854×480的分辨率的有源矩阵液晶显示器。在其他实施例中，显示元件可替代地包括以商品名“
Figure BDA0001730093390000042
SVGA LVS”销售的超级视频图形阵列(SVGA)显示器，其也由本受让人制造。显示元件可以是滤色器、具有800×600的分辨率的有源矩阵液晶显示器。考虑其他显示元件，诸如在美国专利No.8,378924和美国专利No.9,116,340中详细描述的那些，这些专利的全部内容通过引用被并入本文。所述的实施例不受任何特定显示元件的限制，并且可以与本领域中已知的利用有源矩阵像素电路(诸如图1A和图1B的示例电路中呈现的那些)的任何轻量级显示器一起使用。
图1C示出了像素矩阵扫描系统120的示例实施例，像素矩阵扫描系统120包括由多个数据和控制信号驱动的像素阵列122。在此简单示例中，像素阵列122包括20列和16行，总共320个像素。如上所述，实际的微型显示器像素阵列通常具有更多像素。
像素阵列122包括向像素阵列122一起提供信息的列驱动器124和行驱动器126。列驱动器124通常向像素提供图像信息，并且行驱动器126向像素提供控制信息。用于特定的特定像素列130的列驱动器信号128可以包括诸如用于红-绿-蓝(RGB)像素阵列的多个信号。
图2是用于图1A的像素电路的示例时序图。针对图1B的示例OLED电路的互补行线112，可以得到类似的时序。在活动行间隔201开始时，行线104被断言为有源电压208a。全部的公共线通常在行间隔开始时被重置为公共电压，以改善均匀性。
在活动行间隔201期间的某些时间，列电压将从初始重置电压水平202，通过转变204被驱动到期望电压206。在行线104被断言的同时，像素电压(例如，存储电容器108两端的电压)跟随列信号从初始电压210，通过转变212到目标电压214。
列时序取决于使用的驱动方法，并且还可能取决于像素在阵列中的水平位置。行间隔201在行线被解除断言时结束。然后，列线返回到初始重置电压202，以准备下一行的写周期。然而，因为在列电压仍处于期望电压206的同时(即，在列电压从期望电压206转变到重置电压202之前)行线被解除断言，所以像素电压保持刚存储的水平214。
然而，如果如图3的示例实施例中所描述的，在列电压处于初始重置电压202的同时，行线被断言为有源电压208b仅达短时间(即，脉冲)，并且随后在列电压开始转变之前行线被解除断言，那么像素存储电容器108将存储重置电压202。针对该示例实施例，选择重置电压202来实施黑色水平(例如，不透明)，因此该脉冲提供了将行驱动为黑色的快速方式。在其他实施例中，在其期间行线是脉冲208b的存在的列电压可以是用于将像素行重置为不同透明水平(对应于黑色之外的光学特性)的替代电压。
在一行的正常写周期期间，一些实施例可以操作以重置另一行。在图4的示例中，行y的行线被断言为有源电压404。当行y的行线下降406时，行y像素值408保持行y线下降406时的列电压值。d个行间隔之后，在列电压处于初始重置电压402的同时，行y的行线是脉冲410，这使得像素值412保持初始重置电压402。图4的示例示出了，通过在写入行之后的某d个行间隔在该行上执行重置脉冲，像素的活动周期被限制为d个行周期。针对这些实施例，使用视频信息写入行，然后d个行周期之后，用脉冲行线信号410将行重置为黑色(或者其他预定的透明水平，这取决于当脉冲行线信号410发生时的列电压)。如果垂直时序具有每帧V条线，则有效占空比将是(d/V)×100％。
图5示出了涉及将视频信息扫描到像素阵列的示例过程500。在过程的开始502处，在第一活动行间隔期间，过程包括：将列信号线设置504为初始电压，断言506像素阵列的第一行信号线，将列信号线设置508为期望电压，以及当列信号线处于期望电压时解除断言510第一行信号线。在从第一活动行间隔的时间量之后发生的第二活动行间隔期间，过程包括：将列信号线设置512为初始电压，断言514像素阵列的第一行信号线，以及在行信号线处于初始电压的同时解除断言516第一行信号线。
尽管已经参考本发明的示例实施例具体地呈现和描述了本发明，但本领域技术人员将理解，在不脱离所附权利要求所涵盖的本发明范围的情况下，可以在本文中在形式和细节上进行各种改变。

Claims (20)

1.一种将像素阵列中的像素行重置为预定光学透射水平的方法，包括：
在第一活动行间隔期间：
将所述像素阵列的列信号线设置为初始电压；
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，断言所述像素阵列的行信号线；
在所述行信号线被断言之后，在所述行信号线保持被断言的同时，将所述像素阵列的所述列信号线从所述初始电压通过转变驱动为期望电压；以及
在所述列信号线从所述期望电压改变之前，解除断言所述像素阵列的所述行信号线；
在从所述第一活动行间隔的时间量之后发生的第二活动行间隔期间：
将所述列信号线设置为所述初始电压；
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，断言所述像素阵列的所述行信号线；以及
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，解除断言所述行信号线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述初始电压对应于所述像素阵列的每个像素的透明水平。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述透明水平是不透明。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中解除断言所述行信号线使得存储电容器保持所述初始电压。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中断言所述行信号线以及解除断言所述行信号线在所述行信号线上产生脉冲。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中断言所述行信号线使得所述列信号线被耦合到与所述像素阵列的像素相关联的存储电容器。
7.一种将视频信息扫描到像素阵列的方法，包括：
在第一活动行间隔期间：
将列信号线设置为初始电压；
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，断言所述像素阵列的第一行信号线；
在所述第一行信号线被断言之后，在所述第一行信号线保持被断言的同时，将所述列信号线从所述初始电压通过转变驱动为期望电压；
当所述列信号线处于所述期望电压时，解除断言所述第一行信号线；
在从所述第一活动行间隔的时间量之后发生的第二活动行间隔期间：
将所述列信号线设置为所述初始电压；
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，断言所述像素阵列的所述第一行信号线；以及
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，解除断言所述第一行信号线。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中所述初始电压对应于所述像素阵列的每个像素的透明水平。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述透明水平是不透明。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中解除断言所述第一行信号线使得存储电容器保持所述初始电压。
11.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中断言所述第一行信号线以及解除断言所述第一行信号线在所述第一行信号线上产生脉冲。
12.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中断言所述第一行信号线使得所述列信号线被耦合到与所述像素阵列的像素相关联的存储电容器。
13.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中在所述第二活动行间隔期间，断言第二行信号线。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，进一步包括：在解除断言所述第一行信号线之后，保持断言所述第二行信号线达一段时间。
15.一种像素矩阵扫描系统，包括：
像素阵列；
列驱动子系统以及行驱动子系统，被配置为：
在第一活动行间隔期间：
将列信号线设置为初始电压；
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，断言所述像素阵列的第一行信号线；
在所述第一行信号线被断言之后，将所述列信号线从所述初始电压通过转变驱动为期望电压；以及
当所述列信号线处于所述期望电压时，解除断言所述第一行信号线；
在从所述第一活动行间隔的时间量之后发生的第二活动行间隔期间：
将所述列信号线设置为所述初始电压；
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，断言所述像素阵列的所述第一行信号线；以及
在所述列信号线处于所述初始电压的同时，解除断言所述第一行信号线。
16.根据权利要求15所述的像素矩阵扫描系统，其中所述初始电压对应于所述像素阵列的每个像素的透明水平。
17.根据权利要求15所述的像素矩阵扫描系统，其中解除断言所述第一行信号线使得存储电容器保持所述初始电压。
18.根据权利要求15所述的像素矩阵扫描系统，其中断言所述第一行信号线使得所述列信号线被耦合到与所述像素阵列的像素相关联的存储电容器。
19.根据权利要求15所述的像素矩阵扫描系统，其中在所述第二活动行间隔期间，断言第二行信号线。
20.根据权利要求19所述的像素矩阵扫描系统，进一步包括：在解除断言所述第一行信号线之后，保持断言所述第二行信号线达一段时间。
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