CN108462520B - Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method - Google Patents

Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108462520B
CN108462520B CN201810116630.3A CN201810116630A CN108462520B CN 108462520 B CN108462520 B CN 108462520B CN 201810116630 A CN201810116630 A CN 201810116630A CN 108462520 B CN108462520 B CN 108462520B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
codebook
layer
apss
hierarchical
transition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201810116630.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN108462520A (en
Inventor
景小荣
查培
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
Original Assignee
Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications filed Critical Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
Priority to CN201810116630.3A priority Critical patent/CN108462520B/en
Publication of CN108462520A publication Critical patent/CN108462520A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108462520B publication Critical patent/CN108462520B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/046—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
    • H04B7/0473—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account taking constraints in layer or codeword to antenna mapping into account

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A low resolution APSs layered codebook design and search method belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and comprises the following processing steps: resolution is k bits, S1: setting the number M of codebook effective antennas to 2k+i‑1Where i represents the number of layers of the codebook, by 2k+i‑1Phase codebook construction method for designing i-th layer transition codebook GiTo GiNormalization processing is carried out to obtain the i-th layer codebook Bi(ii) a S2: deriving a transition codebook GiThen, order
Figure DDA0001570834480000011
For GiExpand to obtain the first
Figure DDA0001570834480000012
Layer transition codebook
Figure DDA0001570834480000013
To pair
Figure DDA0001570834480000014
Is normalized to obtain
Figure DDA0001570834480000015
Layer codebook
Figure DDA0001570834480000016
Reissue to order
Figure DDA0001570834480000017
When the number M of codebook effective antennas is 2k+i‑1(ii) a S3: repeating operation S2 to design the remaining layer codebooks until the codebooks haveThe effective antenna number M is equal to the antenna number N configured by the communication equipment, and a layered codebook B is finally formed; s4: the optimal codeword is found by a binary tree search. The invention reduces unnecessary searching space by searching layer by layer, and greatly reduces the searching complexity for searching the optimal code word.

Description

Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and relates to a low-resolution APSs (advanced persistent receivers) hierarchical codebook design and search method.
Background
And a fourth generation mobile communication system (4)thGeneration, 4G) compared with the fifth Generation mobile communication system (5)thGeneration, 5G) is omni-directional. According to the third Generation partnership project (3)thGeneration Partnership Project, 3GPP), 5G has the characteristics of high performance, low latency, and high capacity. The enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) of 5G mainly provides large-flow Mobile Broadband services such as 3D/ultra-high-definition video, and the like, so that the data transmission rate is required to reach the magnitude of Gbps; meanwhile, in a Massive large connection scenario (Massive Machine Type of communication, mtc), the number of devices connected to a wireless network will increase explosively due to a large-scale Internet of things (IOT) service, and the problem of shortage of spectrum resources is increasingly prominent. The millimeter wave signal has high frequency, can provide abundant frequency spectrum resources, takes a 28GHz frequency band as an example, the available frequency spectrum bandwidth reaches 1GHz, and the available frequency spectrum bandwidth of a 60GHz frequency band is 2GHz, thereby fundamentally solving the problem of frequency spectrum resource shortage. However, the biggest disadvantage of millimeter waves is poor penetration and large path loss, and thus it is not easy to perform millimeter wave communication outdoors. Fortunately, the millimeter wave wavelength is short, and the corresponding antenna size is small, which means that a large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system can be deployed to provide a huge array gain to offset the severe path loss of the millimeter wave signal. The combination of millimeter wave and massive MIMO technology is key to the realization of 5G commercial.
The millimeter wave large-scale MIMO technology is combined with the precoding technology, so that the frequency spectrum efficiency of a millimeter wave system can be further improved. In a conventional low Frequency system, the preprocessing of the transmission signal is usually performed at baseband, and baseband precoding requires that a Radio Frequency (RF) chain is separately configured for each antenna. Since the number of low frequency system antennas is small and the number of RF chains is relatively small, its power consumption and cost are acceptable for the overall system. However, in the millimeter wave massive MIMO system, due to the rapid increase of the number of antennas, if the traditional baseband precoding design scheme is used, the power consumption is too high, and the hardware cost is unacceptable. For this reason, in the millimeter wave massive MIMO system, it is considered to adopt a hybrid precoding architecture. The hybrid precoding architecture separates the precoding process into digital baseband precoding and Analog precoding composed of Analog Phase Shifters (APSs). The scheme only needs a small number of RF chains, thereby solving the problems of high cost and high power consumption of the traditional all-digital baseband precoding scheme.
The design of analog precoding is more challenging than the digital part in hybrid precoding due to the constant modulus constraint. In order to design the analog precoding matrix effectively, a feasible scheme is to design an analog precoding codebook first, and then find an optimal codeword in the codebook by using the maximum received power as a criterion. And constructing an analog precoding codebook by adopting a beam steering codebook based on a limited feedback algorithm, and then exhaustively searching in the codebook to find an optimal codeword. In order to reduce the gain loss, the number of codewords in the codebook needs to be equal to or greater than the number of antennas. Because the antenna scale in the massive MIMO system is huge, and the number of codewords in the corresponding codebook is large, the complexity of exhaustive search in the codebook is high. Although the DEACT codebook has a hierarchical codebook structure, the search complexity for finding the optimal codeword is reduced, but high-resolution APSs need to be used, and the practical problem that the resolution of the APSs is limited in an actual communication scene is not considered. In summary, in order to reduce the search complexity for finding the optimal codeword and consider the problem of limited APSs resolution, it is important to design a low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-resolution APSs (advanced persistent receivers) hierarchical codebook design and search method, which solve the problem of how to reduce the search complexity for searching optimal codewords under the condition of limited APSs resolution.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method comprises the following processing steps:
s1: setting the number M of codebook effective antennas to 2k+i-1Where i denotes the number of layers of the codebook, i ∈ {1,2,3k+i-1Phase codebook construction method for designing i-th layer transition codebook GiTo GiNormalization processing is carried out to obtain the i-th layer codebook Bi。
S2: deriving a transition codebook GiThen, order
Figure BDA0001570834460000021
For GiExpand to obtain the first
Figure BDA0001570834460000022
Layer transition codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000023
To pair
Figure BDA0001570834460000024
Is normalized to obtain
Figure BDA0001570834460000025
Layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000026
Reissue to order
Figure BDA0001570834460000027
When the number M of codebook effective antennas is 2k+i-1。
S3: repeating operation S2, designing the remaining codebooks in the transition codebook expansion and normalization manner until the number M of effective codebooks equals to the number N of antennas configured in the communication device, i.e. M equals to 2k+i-1N; synthesize each layer codebook BiAnd finally, the hierarchical codebook B is formed.
S4: and after the hierarchical codebook B is designed, searching for an optimal codeword through binary tree search.
Further, in S1, when i is 1, the number of codebook effective antennas is 2kThrough 2kPhase codebook construction method for designing first-layer transition codebook G1，
Figure BDA0001570834460000031
The specific design method is as follows:
Figure BDA0001570834460000032
wherein the transition codebook G1Element (1) of
Figure BDA0001570834460000033
Wherein n represents a matrix G1M denotes the matrix G1Column m.
Further, the i layer codebook BiExpressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000034
further, in the above-mentioned S2, for GiIs expanded to obtain
Figure BDA0001570834460000035
Layer transition codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000036
In particular
Figure BDA0001570834460000037
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001570834460000038
furthermore, the layered codebook B has log in common2The sum of wave beam ranges of all code words of a codebook of any layer can cover the whole angular domain; the upper layer codebook is called a parent codebook of the lower layer codebook, the lower layer codebook is called a child codebook of the upper layer codebook, and any parent codeword can find two corresponding child codewords in the child codebook.
Further, the number of the codewords of the parent codebook is doubled by the sub-codebook, the beam width of the codewords corresponding to the sub-codebook is refined layer by layer, and the relationship between the beam width of the codewords and the number of effective antennas is as follows:
Figure BDA0001570834460000039
where BW denotes the beam width of the codeword, λ is the signal wavelength, M denotes the number of active antennas, and d denotes the antenna element spacing, typically setting d ═ λ/2.
Further, in S4, the ith codeword B of the ith layer in the hierarchical codebook Bi(t) in the second
Figure BDA0001570834460000041
The sub-code words corresponding to the layers are respectively
Figure BDA0001570834460000042
And
Figure BDA0001570834460000043
a codeword in the codebook of the i-th layer and the second layer
Figure BDA0001570834460000044
Two code words in the layer codebook correspond to form a binary tree structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method, which reduces unnecessary search space by searching layer by layer and greatly reduces the search complexity for searching optimal codewords; meanwhile, the codebook considers the problem of limited resolution of the APSs, and the APSs with different resolutions can be flexibly configured according to different requirements, so that the method has more practical significance in an actual communication scene.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the design of k-bit resolution APSs hierarchical codebook
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hierarchical codebook structure of APSs with 1-bit resolution;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a hierarchical codebook structure of APSs with 2-bit resolution;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 2-bit resolution APSs hierarchical codebook searching process;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of millimeter wave massive MIMO system analog precoding;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a millimeter wave massive MIMO system analog precoding design.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for designing and searching a low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook includes the following steps:
s1: setting the number M of codebook effective antennas to 2k+i-1Where i denotes the number of layers of the codebook, i ∈ {1,2,3k+i-1Phase codebook construction method for designing i-th layer transition codebook GiTo GiNormalization processing is carried out to obtain the i-th layer codebook Bi. When i is 1, the number of codebook effective antennas is 2kThrough 2kPhase codebook construction method for designing first-layer transition codebook G1，
Figure BDA0001570834460000045
The specific design method is as follows:
Figure BDA0001570834460000046
wherein the transition codebook G1Element (1) of
Figure BDA0001570834460000051
Wherein n represents a matrix G1M denotes the matrix G1Column m. Layer i codebook BiExpressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000052
first layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000053
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000054
at this time, the first layer codebook B1Effective antenna number of (2)kThe number of corresponding code words is 2k。
S2: deriving a transition codebook GiThen, order
Figure BDA0001570834460000055
For GiExpand to obtain the first
Figure BDA0001570834460000056
Layer transition codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000057
In particular
Figure BDA0001570834460000058
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001570834460000059
to pair
Figure BDA00015708344600000510
Is normalized to obtain
Figure BDA00015708344600000511
Layer codebook
Figure BDA00015708344600000512
Reissue to order
Figure BDA00015708344600000513
When the number M of codebook effective antennas is 2k +i-1. For i-th layer transition codebook GiAfter the expansion and the normalization are carried out,to obtain the first
Figure BDA00015708344600000514
Layer codebook
Figure BDA00015708344600000515
BiIs that
Figure BDA00015708344600000516
The parent codebook of (a) the codebook,
Figure BDA00015708344600000517
is BiThe number of the code words of the sub codebook is doubled relative to the code words of the parent codebook, and the beam width of the code words corresponding to the sub codebook is refined layer by layer. The relationship between the beam width of the codeword and the number of effective antennas is as follows:
Figure BDA00015708344600000518
where BW denotes a beam width of a codeword, λ is a signal wavelength, M denotes an effective antenna number, and d denotes an antenna element pitch, and d is usually set to λ/2. From the above equation, the beam width of the codeword is dependent on
The number of effective antennas increases and becomes thinner.
S3: repeating operation S2, designing the remaining codebooks in the transition codebook expansion and normalization manner until the number M of effective codebooks equals to the number N of antennas configured in the communication device, i.e. M equals to 2k+i-1N; synthesize each layer codebook BiFinally, a hierarchical codebook B is formed, and the hierarchical codebook B has log in common2And N-k +1 layers. Hierarchical codebook B satisfies the following two criteria:
a. the union of the beam ranges of all codewords of any one layer of the codebook may cover the entire angular domain.
b. Any one parent codeword can find two corresponding child codewords in the child codebook.
S4: and after the hierarchical codebook B is designed, searching for an optimal codeword through binary tree search. T-th codeword B of i-th layer in hierarchical codebook Bi(t) in the second
Figure BDA0001570834460000061
The sub-code words corresponding to the layers are respectively
Figure BDA0001570834460000062
And
Figure BDA0001570834460000063
a codeword in the codebook of the i-th layer and the second layer
Figure BDA0001570834460000064
Two code words in the layer codebook correspond to form a binary tree structure.
After the hierarchical codebook B is constructed, firstly searching in the first layer codebook to find out the optimal code word B in the first layer codebook1(t); following the above correspondence relationship, in B1(t) corresponding sub-codeword B2(t) and B2(t+2k) And searching to find the optimal code word of the second layer, and so on until the last layer of codebook is searched, the optimal code word can be found.
As shown in fig. 2, when the resolution k of the APSs is equal to 1 bit, and the number of effective antennas of the codebook is 2, the corresponding first-layer transition codebook G is designed by the 2-phase codebook construction method1Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000065
first layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000066
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000067
at this time, the first layer codebook B1The number of valid antennas of (2), the number of corresponding codewords is 2, and the resolution k is equal to 1 bit.
Second layer transition codebook G2Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000068
as shown in fig. 3, when the resolution k of the APSs is equal to 2 bits, and the number of effective antennas of the codebook is 4 at this time, the corresponding first-layer transition codebook G is designed by the 4-phase codebook construction method1Can be expressed as (j represents an imaginary number):
Figure BDA0001570834460000071
then to G1Performing normalization processing to obtain a first layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000072
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000073
at this time, the first layer codebook B1The number of effective antennas is 4, the number of corresponding codewords is 4, and the resolution k is equal to 2 bits.
Second layer transition codebook G2Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000074
then to G2Performing normalization processing to obtain second layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000075
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000076
the relationship between the beam width of the codeword and the number of effective antennas is as follows:
Figure BDA0001570834460000077
where BW denotes the beam width of the codeword, λ is the signal wavelength, M denotes the number of active antennas, and d denotes the antenna element spacing, generally setting d to λ/2. As can be seen from the above equation, the beam width of the codeword becomes thinner as the number of effective antennas increases. In view of this, since the number of effective antennas of the second layer codebook is doubled, the number of corresponding codewords is doubled, and the beam width of the codewords is refined.
When APSs resolution equals 2 bits, the hierarchical codebook B has log in common2N-1, the number of the first layer of codebooks is 4, and the number of the codewords between each layer of codebooks is doubled layer by layer until the number of the codewords of the last layer of codebooks is N.
After the hierarchical codebook B is constructed, firstly searching in the first layer of codebook to find out the optimal code word B of the first layer1(t); following the above correspondence relationship, in B1(t) corresponding sub-codeword B2(t)B2(t+2k) And searching to find the optimal code word of the second layer, and so on until the last layer of codebook is searched, the optimal code word can be found. As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a 2-bit resolution APSs hierarchical codebook searching process, first, searching is performed in four codewords of a first layer to find an optimal codeword B1(t) following B1(t) corresponding sub-codeword B2(t) and B2And (t +4) searching to find out the optimal code word of the second layer, and so on until the last layer of codebook is searched, and then finding out the optimal code word.
The method is suitable for the simulation precoding design of the millimeter wave large-scale MIMO system, and a system model is shown in figure 5. It is worth pointing out that analog precoding can be considered as part of hybrid precoding, and the present invention is equally applicable to hybrid precoding architectures and generalizations to multi-user scenarios. The system model parameters of FIG. 5 are: the transmitting terminal is configured with 1 radio frequency chain and NTRoot transmitting antenna, and 2-bit resolution APSs; the receiving end is configured with 1 radio frequency chain and NRRoot receive antennas, and 1-bit resolution APSs. Received signal of receiving endCan be expressed as:
y＝w*Hfs+w*n
wherein
Figure BDA0001570834460000081
Analog composite vector, w, representing the receiving end*The conjugate transpose of w is represented,
Figure BDA0001570834460000082
an analog precoding vector representing the transmitting end, s represents the original transmitted signal,
Figure BDA0001570834460000083
a matrix of channels is represented which,
Figure BDA0001570834460000084
representing a obedient mean of 0 and a covariance matrix of
Figure BDA0001570834460000085
The white gaussian noise of (a) is,
Figure BDA0001570834460000086
with a representation dimension of NR×NRThe unit matrix of (2). In addition, w and f are implemented by analog phase shifters, so their elements satisfy the constant modulus constraint. The spectral efficiency of the system can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000087
where R denotes the spectral efficiency of the system, σ2Representing the noise power. Under the condition that the elements of w and f satisfy the constant modulus, in order to obtain higher spectral efficiency, a feasible method is to respectively construct codebooks at a transmitting end and a receiving end, and search for an optimal codeword pair through codebook search to maximize the receiving power, wherein the optimal codeword pair is an analog pre-coding vector and an analog composite vector. The beam steering codebook can obtain better performance, but needs to perform exhaustive search in the codebook and needs to use high-resolution APSs; codebook based on beam steeringThe hierarchical codebook of (2) solves the problem of high search complexity, but still needs to use high-resolution APSs. Although the low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook inevitably causes certain performance loss, the use of high-resolution APSs is avoided, and different resolution APSs can be flexibly configured according to different requirements, so that the method has more advantages in an actual communication scene.
Fig. 6 shows a flowchart of the design of the millimeter wave massive MIMO system analog precoding, which is described in detail as follows:
step 61: according to the design method of the low-resolution APSs layered codebook provided by the invention, a 2-bit resolution APSs layered codebook F at a transmitting end is designed. Since the resolution of the APSs is 2 bits, the effective antenna number of the codebook is 4 at the moment, and the corresponding first-layer transition codebook is designed by a 4-phase codebook construction method
Figure BDA0001570834460000091
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000092
then to G1Performing normalization processing to obtain a first layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000093
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000094
then to G1Expanding to obtain a second layer transition codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000095
G2Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000101
then to G2Go on to unityQuantization, second layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000102
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000103
designing the rest layers of codebooks by a transitional codebook expansion and normalization mode until the effective number of the antennas of the codebooks is equal to the number N of the antennas configured at the transmitting endTAnd finally, synthesizing each layer of codebook to form a layered codebook F.
Step 62: according to the design method of the low-resolution APSs layered codebook provided by the invention, a 1-bit resolution APSs layered codebook W of a receiving end is designed. Since the resolution of the APSs is 1 bit, the number of effective antennas of the codebook is 2 at the moment, and the corresponding first-layer transition codebook is designed by a 2-phase codebook construction method
Figure BDA0001570834460000104
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000105
then to G1Performing normalization processing to obtain a first layer codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000106
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000107
then to G1Expanding to obtain a second layer transition codebook
Figure BDA0001570834460000108
G2Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000109
then to G2Performing normalization processing to obtain second layer codebook
Figure BDA00015708344600001010
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001570834460000111
designing the rest layers of codebooks by the way of transition codebook expansion and normalization until the effective antenna number of the codebooks is equal to the antenna number N configured by the receiving endRAnd finally, synthesizing each layer of codebook to form a layered codebook W.
And step 63: setting an analog precoding vector of a transmitting end to be
Figure BDA0001570834460000112
Performing binary tree search in a layered codebook W of a receiving end until the last layer, and finding out a code word which maximizes the receiving power, namely an analog composite vector W;
step 64: fixing the analog composite vector w found in step 63, performing binary tree search in the layered codebook F of the transmitting end until the last layer, and finding out the codeword maximizing the received power, i.e. the analog precoding vector F.

Claims (5)

1. A method for designing and searching low-resolution APSs (advanced persistent receivers) hierarchical codebooks is characterized in that the resolution is k bits, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: setting the number M of codebook effective antennas to 2k+i-1Where i denotes the number of layers of the codebook, i ∈ {1,2,3k +i-1Phase codebook construction method for designing i-th layer transition codebook GiTo GiNormalization processing is carried out to obtain the ith layer codebook Bi；
S2: obtaining the i-th layer transition codebook GiThen, order
Figure FDA0002963949030000011
For GiExpand to obtain the first
Figure FDA0002963949030000012
Layer transition codebook
Figure FDA0002963949030000013
To pair
Figure FDA0002963949030000014
Normalized to obtain
Figure FDA0002963949030000015
Layer codebook
Figure FDA0002963949030000016
Reissue to order
Figure FDA0002963949030000017
When the number M of codebook effective antennas is 2k+i-1；
S3: repeating operation S2, designing the remaining codebooks in the transition codebook expansion and normalization manner until the number M of effective codebooks equals to the number N of antennas configured in the communication device, i.e. M equals to 2k+i-1N; synthesizing each layer of codebook to finally form a layered codebook B;
s4: after the hierarchical codebook B is designed, searching for an optimal codeword through binary tree search;
when i is 1 in the step S1, the number of codebook effective antennas is 2kThrough 2kPhase codebook construction method for designing first-layer transition codebook G1，
Figure FDA0002963949030000018
The specific design method is as follows:
Figure FDA0002963949030000019
wherein the transition codebook G1Element (1) of
Figure FDA00029639490300000110
Wherein n represents a matrix G1M denotes the matrix G1The m-th column of (1);
in the step S2, G is selectediExpanding to obtain the j-th layer transition codebook GjIn particular GjComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA00029639490300000111
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the low resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method comprises: the ith layer codebook BiExpressed as:
Figure FDA0002963949030000021
3. the method of claim 1, wherein the low resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method comprises: the hierarchical codebook B has log in common2And in the N-k +1 layers, the union of the beam ranges of all the code words of any layer of codebook can cover the whole angular domain, the previous layer of codebook is called as a parent codebook of the next layer of codebook, the next layer of codebook is called as a child codebook of the previous layer of codebook, and any parent code word can find two corresponding child code words in the child codebook.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the low resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method comprises: the number of the code words of the child codebook relative to the parent codebook is doubled, the beam width of the code words corresponding to the child codebook is refined layer by layer, and the relationship between the beam width of the code words and the effective antenna number is as follows:
Figure FDA0002963949030000022
where BW denotes the beam width of the codeword, λ is the signal wavelength, M denotes the number of active antennas, and d denotes the antenna element spacing, typically setting d ═ λ/2.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the low resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method comprises: in step S4, the mth codeword in the l-th layer in the hierarchical codebook B is Bl(m) the sub-codewords corresponding to the l +1 th layer are respectively Bl+1(m) and Bl+1(m+2l+k-1) And one code word in the codebook of the l-th layer corresponds to two code words in the codebook of the l + 1-th layer to form a binary tree structure.
CN201810116630.3A 2018-02-06 2018-02-06 Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method Active CN108462520B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810116630.3A CN108462520B (en) 2018-02-06 2018-02-06 Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810116630.3A CN108462520B (en) 2018-02-06 2018-02-06 Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108462520A CN108462520A (en) 2018-08-28
CN108462520B true CN108462520B (en) 2021-05-14

Family

ID=63239551

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810116630.3A Active CN108462520B (en) 2018-02-06 2018-02-06 Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108462520B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109474314B (en) * 2018-12-21 2021-02-09 东南大学 Millimeter wave multi-user large-scale MIMO base-4 parallel beam training method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104935366A (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-09-23 北京航空航天大学 Wave beam searching method in millimeter wave communication
CN105790811A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-07-20 东南大学 High-resolution analog beam rapid training method and device
CN105959044A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-09-21 北京航空航天大学 Hierarchical codebook structure design method of joint method
CN106027133A (en) * 2016-05-20 2016-10-12 北京邮电大学 Hierarchical beam searching method under multipath channel
CN107040296A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-08-11 北京航空航天大学 Channel estimation methods in millimetre-wave attenuator

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101279497B1 (en) * 2012-02-16 2013-06-27 서울대학교산학협력단 Mimo system and generation method of hierarchical codebook therefor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104935366A (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-09-23 北京航空航天大学 Wave beam searching method in millimeter wave communication
CN105790811A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-07-20 东南大学 High-resolution analog beam rapid training method and device
CN105959044A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-09-21 北京航空航天大学 Hierarchical codebook structure design method of joint method
CN106027133A (en) * 2016-05-20 2016-10-12 北京邮电大学 Hierarchical beam searching method under multipath channel
CN107040296A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-08-11 北京航空航天大学 Channel estimation methods in millimetre-wave attenuator

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
60 GHz 毫米波通信中一种新的波束搜索算法;邹卫霞 等;《电子与信息学报》;20120315;第34卷(第3期);第683-688页 *
Analog Beamforming with Low Resolution Phase Shifters;P. Raviteja 等;《IEEE Wireless Communications Letters》;20170529;第6卷(第4期);第502-505页 *
Channel Estimation and Hybrid Precoding for Millimeter Wave Cellular Systems;Ahmed Alkhateeb 等;《IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing》;20140701;第8卷(第5期);第831-846页 *
Limited Feedback Hybrid Precoding for Multi-User Millimeter Wave Systems;Ahmed Alkhateeb 等;《IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications》;20150716;第14卷(第11期);第6481-6494页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108462520A (en) 2018-08-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Tsang et al. Coding the beams: Improving beamforming training in mmwave communication system
Chen et al. Multi-stage beamforming codebook for 60GHz WPAN
CN109861731B (en) Hybrid precoder and design method thereof
CN108736943B (en) Hybrid precoding method suitable for large-scale MIMO system
Yang et al. Mode modulation for wireless communications with a twist
KR20170008143A (en) Apparatus and method for hybrid precoding in wireless communication system
CN110943768B (en) Mixed precoding codebook joint design method of millimeter wave large-scale MIMO system
CN113728558A (en) Method and system for hybrid beamforming for MIMO communication
CN108566236B (en) User terminal, base station, and hybrid beamforming transmission method and system
KR102228091B1 (en) Apparatus and method for hybrid beamforming of millimeter wave massive mimo systems
CN107809275B (en) Finite feedback hybrid precoding method based on millimeter wave MIMO system
CN110138425B (en) Low-complexity array antenna multi-input multi-output system hybrid precoding algorithm
CN112054827B (en) Combined hybrid precoding method based on channel equivalence
CN108462520B (en) Low-resolution APSs hierarchical codebook design and search method
CN113572503B (en) Low-complexity improved mixed beam forming method based on GP
CN113852402B (en) IRS (intelligent communications system) -assisted NOMA-MIMO (non-multiple input multiple output) high-capacity access method
CN107104719B (en) Millimeter wave digital-analog hybrid precoding design method based on geometric construction
CN111740766A (en) Codebook-based beam design method and device
CN112398513A (en) Beam forming method of massive MIMO system
Li et al. Randomized approximate channel estimator in massive-MIMO communication
CN109462429B (en) Beam domain modulation device and method of large-scale multiple-input multiple-output millimeter wave system
Zhang et al. Low complexity hybrid precoding based on ORLS for mmWave massive MIMO systems
Hadji et al. Channel estimation based on low‐complexity hierarchical codebook design for millimeter‐wave MIMO systems
CN108494452B (en) Multi-user mixed beam forming algorithm in millimeter wave large-scale MIMO-OFDM system and implementation device
Magueta et al. Non linear space-time equalizer for single-user hybrid mmWave massive MIMO systems

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant